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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 15, 1911)
TUB MORNING OREGOXIAX. FRIDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1911. 12 Mft Drcp man' roKTiNi. or.ox. j Enn) at Portland. Dttloa, I'oo3lc IviMrnclii,! Kiira-Invariably la t undAjr. n month. ... - . Vria!. or r i ,rt (9tjr.uA. ou .4f J ilunda, and Wkjr. or.a rar .. a-" RT CARIIIKK.) ,r"T. Surd-iy lBclu.le.1. ma raar...... a:;v. hun.lo In. :uJM.'on iron'.ta ' 1 ll.w krfntt rood IN.arn(!i- monay or . 4r. cir kiri.r or -r.nai check on your jkm o-tr.k. s:amt-a. cuia or turronry Br 'at l la '..ira ria. O.va poatoBlca aoaraaa roatasa Kaiaa 10 to 14 pac'a. 1 east: 1 .to p-a. X canta: ' to ft . ' to w pagaa. 4 cent. "ril poatasa. 4iuo rat. . .. fwim-Tarrt Conk Mb .sw lorn. Jjrunawuk bullilin. C&l.--g 3 S:e bu.MlnC- -1 Earuana OOlro No, S Rat (foot. - " LAniioa. irORTUD. f-RIDAV. TtTX. IS. 1B11. risaia Axn the jews. I The Houm of Representatives has adopted by a rote of S00 to 1 the reso lution canine for the abrogation of the treatr of 1S3J with Ilussla. This artlon ought to convince the Czar and his advisers that America Is In earn est as to the rights of her Jewish cltl sens. For more than fifty years the privileges which they should have en- Joyed under the treaty have been de nied them at the Rusrlan frontier and remonstrances from this country upon the iubj.ct have been treated with contempt. Nor Is It Jew alone who have suffered in this particular from Muscovite intolerance. Both Protes tant and Catholic missionaries have 'been excluded from the Czar's domin ions In order that the perfect abso lutism of the established church might not be disturbed. Americans, with their easy Ideas of religious liberty, can hardly under stand the Russian situation. In that country the orthodox Grerk Church has a Arm grip upon both ecclesiastical and secular afTalrs. Its creed dates back almost to the origin of Christian. Ity and Its predominance In Russia be gan at least as early as the eleventh century. Slnre that time Its dogmas hare been persistently taught to young anj old. rich and poor, noble and peasant, wtthnut criticism and virtual ly without dissent, although there are ex-tartans here and there. We can imagine the consequences. One consequence Js a bigotry per haps the most relentless and cruel that his ever existed. T) the ortho dox RusAiswi religious differences are the mot Important In the world. A Jew Is 'to him not really a human being-. He Is looked upon as belonging to an l.-.f. rior specie because he does rot accept the creed of the Holy jFyr.oi:. The terrible old formulas of I religious hatred which we outcrew centuries ago retain all th"lr demoniac significance for the Russian. They are the st.tple contents of his mind and he acts upon them whenever he dares. , This l the psychological situation which makes Kiuwlans skeptical of (our Intent to secure fair treatment for our JewUh rltlzens. It Is Incom- prehensiMe to them that American law should treat one church exactly !uk another. They honestly believe that, when It comes to the pinch, the subject of dollars and cents will otit , weigh considerations of Justice with us, exactly a bigotry obliterates right and wrong tn their own minds. No doubt the decades of indifference which we have permitted to elapse give some countenance to their view, but. as the action of the House of Rep resentatives shows, that Indifference Is now at an end. It should be borne In mind that Russian excluslveness Is based upon religious Intolerance. The people of that country do not share the dislike for negroes so common here, nor have they " anything like our prejudice aralnst orientals. In fact, they are jthemselvea more than half Oriental. It is a mistake to speak of their ma lignity toward the Jews as "race hatred." It Is nothing of the tort. Mahometans of the same race as the Russians affiliate with Jews ail over Western Asia. The root of the trouble l.t bigotry. An absolute priesthood has taught the duty of Intolerance for centuries, ami the result Is precisely what ought to be expected. The rul ing body In the Greek Church of Rus sia Is the Holy Synod, which was In stituted by Peter the Great toward the beginning of the eighteenth century. The ecclesiastical ring of his day In trigued against him because of his lib eral Ideas and foreign proclivities, and he settled the contest by annihil ating It and setting up one of his own. Uke all Peter's work, this was well done too well. In fact, for he fixed upon his country an Old Man of the Sea In the church organization which It may never be able to shake cff. Russia owes to Peter the Great not "much gratitude for the Invention of the Holy Synod, but In many other re spects It Is deeply his debtor. The country ewes to his Initiative whatever It possesses of civilization In the Euro pean sense. Refore Peter's time fitis sia was simply a vast fen of supersti tion, barbarism and slaughter. To be ure. It Is not much better now In many ways. Its civilisation Is little more than a thin. Iridescent scum on the surface of a fathomless ocean of misery, but conditions are, upon the whole, less abominable than they were Jtwo certurles ago. and the credit for the Improvement must be given to Pe ter, the great Innovator and reformer. ; His genius was one of those unac srountable phenomena which life Is continually producing; to astonish . and Inspire us. Horn, like the other rulers lot his hou. tn a treacherous and Im imoral court, he reached the throne by (way of bloody Intrigue. He wns nour ished on.plots and educnted by mur )er. Put. onv-e securely In power. Peter showed himself to be a world's y-onder. Ho surrounded hlmvif with jntelllgent foreign adviser. broke Lway from the "sacred" customs of Ztusctan barbarism, and even traveled I:ke a Journeyman ship carpenter through Western Kurope to leurn civ ilized ways. Had his designs been fol lowed out consistently. Russia would row be a constitutional monarchy Mth a free and happy population. Pome of his successors have been ca pable of grasping a few of his Ideas Jsalf-heartcdly. but as a rule their tnaln ocenpatfon has been to undo his Work, and In this they have uniformly enjoyed the hearty co-operation of the JPreeic ecclesiastics. The consequence ( iTal'T. 'linear lnrlo'iel. om " I I a , y. n-j) Iticj.:!. all montl. . I'm. V. .undr tnc:o;-l. lhra month.. ' I'at . Sunday lnc.u-.l. cn month.... I'a: r. m-itnout fruniiy. oia nr ...... A I'lty. witnouc h-in'UT. nuinlhl .... , . . . . u - m ,i n i na . . k- 1 1 ... Is that Russia still In all essentials lingers In medieval barbarism. Even China Is forging ahead of her. JACK CiKlKULE-S SKELETON KKV. The Oregonlan Is indebted to the Medford Mail-Tribune for a few Inter esting facts about the record and me- tivlties of Mr. Jack GribMe. forest ranger. The nttentive'publlc may re call that a few days ao The Orego nlan printed a fervent encomium of Mr. Grtbblc's praiseworthy services to the poor homesteader. It was over the signature of another pillar 01 ine Federal Government. Mr. J. F. Fpen cer. deputy postmaster at Dudley, I village In the Crater Lake forest re serve. If gentlemen drawing" pay from I'ncle Sam cunnot stand together. there Is little to be gained by any per spiring citizen in striving, scheming, intriguing, pulling, pushing, to get on the Federal payroll. Mr. Grlbble. It appenrs. being a for est ranger, looked upon the Invasion of his sacred territory by any home steader with a suspicious eye. One Kdward E. Emerson had sought to take up a homestead In the Crater Lake National forest. Then we naa a thrilling display of the friendship of Mr. Grlbble for the honest home steader, which Rlographer Spencer so touchingly described. Here is a quo tation from the decision of the land ofilce In the Emerson case: In tits apparent eaaerneas to rnaka out a ru i!iui the claimant, th witness. J. K. ;rit'Me. entered tho rshln home of this settler hy m.ana of a aK!eton ky. thus hlm-lf tlnl.ning atatute. thara belns no law lutbnnnii! any ul-etle- alata or Fa- rml offn sr tf enter tha private noma of any prm without due pr-eaa of law. The liitU eahn home of lh af.lrr la asered under the law sa la the hnm of the man who Ilv in manl..n on Nob Hill. Evidently the great need of vindica tion for Jack Grlbble Is the motive that stirred the literary productivity of Deputy Postmaster Spencer. There are other Jack Gribbles In Oregon, and they have been busy, very busy, mak ing trouble for honest and worthy cit izens who have been trying to make homes for themselves on the public lands. WHO KILLED THE B'ART We cannot agree with Mr. ITRen'a statement, published today, that there Is no conflict between his statement and Senator Bourne's as to the au thorship of the Presidential primary law. Mr. L"Rn originally classed Senator Bourne as one of the unnamed "others" who prepared the bill. He left It to the public to take Judicial knowledge that Senator Rourne was m 1 member of the People's Power League. It was the league that did It. Mr. U'Ren now says that the general Idea wras Bourne's. Senator Bourne, we Imagine, will not rest content under only a share of whatever honor attaches to the en actment of the law. Bourne has never, so far as we know, given his collab orators the least praise or recognition In the matter. In the election he ad vocated the adoption of "my bill." In his various writings since the election he has told the world over and over again. "I did It." His claims and Mr. L"Ren' statements do not Jibe. As for The Oregonlan. e are per fectly willing that Senator Bourne should appropriate to himself The Oregonlan's share in formulating the bill. The Idea contributed by The Oregonlan was a good Idea, but we re pudiate the way In which it was put Into words. It is- too Indefinite. It bases a statute on a "plan" not recog nized In law and one that ta not even of available official record. To deter mine the number of delegates who may draw expenses one must turn In future years to old newspaper files or musty almanacs. It would have been almost as practicable to limit the number of paid delegates to the num ber of seeds In a Hood River apple. The Oregonlan advocates the use of plain language tn the drafting of In itiative measures. That is one of the fundamentals" of direct legislation. This bill referred to the "plan by which the number of delegates to the Republican National Convention was fixed for the Republican party of Ore gon In the year 1908." Few knew what the plan was and It was Imprac ticable for them to find out. It would have been Just as easy to provide that 'touch expense shall never be paid to any greater number of delegates than double the number of Oregon Sena tors and Representatives In Con gress, Tne result wouia nnve oeen exactly the same and the voters would have understood the provision. In view of the Inadequate and clouded wording by somebody of The Oregonian's contribution to the law, we know of no one we would rather s get the credit for that portion of the act than Senator Bourne. THE PENSION Til T WAS NOT ; KANT Elk Discovery of Woodrow Wilson's ap plication for a pension from the Car negie Foundation has set the Eastern papers to work plucking the feathers from the white wings of the reform Governor. They express sorrow that so good a man has so cheapened him self as to seek a share of a fund set apart for men who have worn them selves out In the profession of teach ing and who have not been able to lay aside a competence for their old age. They see Incongruity in such an application from a man In the prime of life, who gives evidence of full mental and physical vigor by forsak ing the work of education for the strenuous pursuit of political office. The presidency of Princeton no doubt consumed a large amount of energy, but It la not to be compared In that respect with the nerve-wracking, brain-taxing strain of political life. The Incongruity Is found still greater when It occurs In the case of a man who enters politics with the prnfemrd purpose of raising political ideals to a higher moral plane. Those who looked" to Wilson as one who would l-ad us out of the slough of graft and selfishness Into the broau highway of disinterested public serv ice will involuntarily recall Daniel's vision of the great Image, whose head was of line gold but whose feet were of Iron and clay. A sense of disappointment marks the comments of the Eastern papers on the pension episode In Wilson's career. The New York Times says: "We fear that Dr. Wilson's explana tion will not leave the Impression that he has In this matter clearly adhered to the most exacting standard." and contra.-ts this revelation with David B. Hill's remark about Cleveland: "What can you do with such a man? He does not want anything." The Albany Argus says: Ht r'f .nil inn waa entirely voluntary. II. aaa n-'t Iniillrd to It by wanlna phl cil or menial aMutlva. or l-y any other un fjvoraMe rnn.llttone or elrcumelaneea. He r.aa h-d th call of potltic-a. and thra waa that witMn him which compelled, hlro Irra atattMy to respond. The New York Tribune placea Wil son In contrast with Supreme Justice Hughes, who, when Governor of New Ytfrk. found It necessary In his official life to spend twice his annual salary. i but gently and firmly quashed a move ment to raise an endowment fund ror him. and continued to serve at his old salary. The Utlca Observer openly attacks Wilson, saying that Cleveland's Inter est lry Princeton made him and Wil son friends "until the relations be came Intolerable by the revelation of Wilson's character." It adds: And It ha. been understood ihnt President Cleveland left In Ms own handwrltlns an ejpoauro which would In due time fnrl'ld Vi;on nomination for IT.-nidrnt by hla party or hy any party hla selnahneaa mtgnt lnlte or Invent. Public opinion will be reluctant to apprave this severe Judgment, but cannot escape the conclusion that Wilson has fallen short of the high Ideals he has preached. AN EXHIBIT AND ITS I.EWOX. The Northwestern Land Products Show, now being made at St. Paul, represents . the combined results of soli fertility and favorable climatic conditions,- Joined with Industry and intelligence in all. sections that have been exploited by the latter force throughout an Immense area, com prising literally a vast empire. Ore gon Is represented In this exhibit by fruits, grains, grasses and potatoes from Central Oregon, and by hops, walnuts and prunes, from Yamhill County. The last from one of the earliest-settled portions of the state, the first from a section that but now was the domain of sagebrush, bunch grass and Jackrabhlts. The exhibit shows what can bo done with Industry, intelligently applied In working out the natural processes of soli and climate in this vast empire. Its Invitation Is not to the sluggard who thinks the world owes him a living, nor to the laggard on the In dustrial ' highways, who is moving constantly from place to place In search of something better than he has yet found, but to the sturdy farm er, rancher and homebullder, who can find, at any place Judiciously selected for his purpose within this wide ex panse all that thrift and Industry can compass by persistent, legitimate en deavor. There is room and welcome In Oregon for a large access of popu lation of thla order, but of the type that congregates upon street-corners, purposeless and with Idle hands, seek ing comfort or encouragement from the mouthlngs of soapbox orators whose tongues loose grievance and bitterness, we have too many already. the riBur i.nK.tKv. .Portland ought to be proud to learn that its public library circulates more books annually than Boston's. One might safely wager, too. that they are better books, not more sumptuously bound, perhaps, but with contents more edifying. It is one of the boasts of our library management that novels do not form the major part of tha reading of the Portland public. At least those who draw books from the library prefer something else. Works of science are actually more popular here than fiction. We suspect that the "lower classes" are more or less responsible for thW excellent showing. Worklngmen, when they read, like to feel that their time Is not wasted, and so they pore over treatises on mathematics or engineer ing or sociology In the hours which more fortunate people give to stories. Applied science of one sort and an other la probably the most popular de partment In the library. It Is certaiu ly the most popular with the men who draw books. How It stands with the women Is, of course, another qution. Very likely the most unpopular de partment with both sexes is poetry. Arnold Bennett says In one of his stim ulating books that the modern human being will not read poetry unless he is driven to It. Why this should be so Is a mystery. Poetry is the earliest form of literature, and among primitive men It Is uniformly popular. Everybody liked It. Nothing deirfchts the Scotch Highlander more than to listen to the recitations of his bards or minstrels, or whatever they are. with their bagpipes nd stately rhythms. The Arabs o( the desert will sit through a whole night to hear their poets tell Btorles. Tho old Greeks not only delighted to listen to the recitation of the Homeric poems, but they learned them by heart. How does It happen that mod ern civilized man shuns poetry as if It were a pest? Somebody please answer, and at the same time he might tell us why the modern man also shuns good pictures, cares naught for statues and dislikes classical music, to say nothing of his hatred for Ibsen's plays. FREE tiHlPt. OT FREE CANAL John Barrett Is of opinion that. In order to give the largest possible ben efit to our foreign commerce we should make the Panama Canal toll- free to ships of all nations. Herein he touches the opposite pole from those who would make the canal tolls means of Indirectly subsidizing American ships by allowing them to use the canal toll-free and charging tolls to foreign ships. He estimates that an annual Income of $15,000,000 will be required to pay Interest and cost of operating the canal. He also estimates that by charging tolls to raise this sum we should deprive commerce of an annual turn-over of ITS. 000. 000 and that the profit thus lost would be larger than the amount which the taxpayers would . lose by free operation of the canal. While the canal Is a work of .such magnitude as to appeal to the Nation al sentiment of pride, it Is, after all. a business undertaking and should be regarded from a business standpoint. We built the canal both, to double the efficiency of our Navy and to cheapen transportation between our coasts, not to benefit the world. We could not gain tne enas we sougni witnout con- ferrlng an Incidental benefit on all , nations, and to this benefit they are I welcome. But there Is no reason why we should play the philanthropist and confer a direct benefit on other na tions In order to secure an Incidental benefit for ourselves. In order to strengthen his argu ment, Mr. Barrett assumes that the tolls will be fixed at a rate sufficient to pay Interest and cost of operation of the canal from the date of opening and he proceeds to show what a tax this would be on commerce. His as sumption Is not warranted, for Con gress can hardly expect the canal rev enue to reach the desired total until the world's commerce has become . fully adjusted to the new conditions ( which the canal creates. Moreover, Mr. Barrett conveys . the impression that the canal tolls will constitute a tax on goods carried through the canal, which Is not now paid. A fair comparison la between I the amount of freight now paid by the . consumer on goods carried across the , continent by rail and that which he will have to pay on goods carried through the canal. Mr. Barrett knows that, even on shipments origi nating several hundred miles inland from one coast and consigned to a point as far Inland from the other coast, the balance will be In favor of the canal route. Even with a J1.60 I toll, the canal will reduce, not In crease, the transportation tax. Having almost completed the canal, we are growing anxious lest our lack of ships to use It should cause It to help other nations more than it helps us. That difficulty can be overcome by applying simple business principles to our shipping laws, as well as to the canal management. Let us buy ships In the cheapest market and sail them under the American flag, either In coastwise or "foreign trade. Then we shall have an ample merchant navy, both to handle our commerce and to serve as an auxiliary to our Navy, able to compete with other nations for the world's commerce and enjoying a monopoly of our coastwise commerce. Owned and manned by American citi zens. It will be no less loyal to our flng through having been built in for eign ports. Having cost us no more than tho ships with which it will com pete," It need ask no favors as regards canal tolls. Free ships would be a far greater boon to the American shipowner than a free canal. They would also be a boon to every American, whether pro ducer or consumer, not excepting those who through force of habit cry for a ship subsidy. Within a few milea of Delhi, the new capital of India, are scattered the ruins of several former capitals, the first of which is supposed to date from the fifteenth century before Christ and was founded by the Aryan colo nists. Its existence continued till the first century before Christ, after which several cities rose an fell near the present site, until Mohammed of Ghar established Delhi as the capital of the Mohammedan Empire of India In 1193. It remained the capital of successive dynasties until '1S03, when it was captured by the British and made a center of British rule. It was the center of the mutiny of 1857 and was recaptured by the British after a memorable siege. It has the ad vantage over Calcutta of being on an elevated central plain. Intimately as sociated with the history of both the Hindu and Mohammedan dynasties. Calcutta not only la In one corner of the empire, but is on the swampy, miasmatic banks of the , sluggish Hooghly River. The ranks of opponents of capital punishment have recently been re cruited by the addition of Oswald West, of Salem and Astoria, Or., and of John J. McNamara, formerly of Indianapolis, but now of San Quen tin, Cal. So long as the McNamaras are alive, they can Indulge In the hope that some tenderhearted West will free them, but the gallows 'is a barrier from beyond which he cannot snatch them back. West and the McNamaras are of one mind on this point the one Is as unwilling to place misguided mercy beyond his power as the others are to have It placed be yond their reach. The down and out will spare a tear from their own woes as a tribute to the fame of Frederick Glahe. This great man, now translated to a sphere where nobody goes hungry and few of the patrons go cold. Invented the free lunch. We could have suggested de sirable amendments to the glorious Institution as It left his hands. For our taste, hardtack la preferable to sheet Iron In a sandwich, but no matter. The principle Is the same. The free lunch is filling and it sticks to the ribs, and that, after all. Is the chief requi site In food. All else is mere frills. Portland Is reaching for all the laurels in sight. It has snatched from Boston the glory of leading in devo tion to literature after having proved Its supremacy in such material things as building, bank clearings, real es tate transfers and postal business. It has put Portland, Me., after which It was named, so far in the shade, that when newspapers mention Port land without naming either state, it is at once assumed that they refer to the metropolis of Oregon. Astoria, like other Oregon cities, appears to object to the essential fea tures of the commission form of gov ernment, which are the confiding of the city government to a small body of men and the granting to them of absolute power with direct, undivided responsibility. If a new charter should be prepared omitting these so-called objectionable features. It will not be a commission charter. Our little controversy with Russia has not yet reached " the stage that wholesale cancellation Is demanded from patriotic Portland husbands of those Christmas orders for Russian sables. Now and then a sleek swindler makes a little money in a new scheme, but he does not last. The most plaus ible generally find the most suckers, too. The near-sighted hunter who killed his friend, thinking he was a wildcat, near Junction City, is Just about near sighted enough to read an Indictment for manslaughter. Not everybody can, like Mr. Gary, give his wife a half-million-dollar necklace at Christmas, and not every body's wife wants such baubles. Mrs. Gary's J500.000 pearl necklace would create a sensation as an exhibit In the Government's suit against the steel trust. How great must be the perils of matrimony when a man will sacrifice $3,000,000 rather than face them! Spokane's barnyard parade might easily have been mistaken for an ad vertisement of "Chantecier." Concressman Hawiey. of the First District, seems to be cutting the pie for the Second District. Following the annual custom, Ore gon is shipping carloads of Christmas trees to California. A minister arrested for dynamiting! I Union. Tom Piatt's widow is learning avia tion and she may reach him that way. SCRIPTIRE AND DEATH PENALTY Writer Arwtiea That Capital punishment Is Authorised by Hlarher Law. PORTLAND, Dec. 10. (To the Ed itor.) Taking a human life by the state in the administration of criminal r justice Is not murder, nor In violation of God's commandments. The command "Thou shalt not kill" is addressed to the reason and con science of man. An exercise of the will in conscious violation of God's I authority and In contempt of God's majesty Is absolutely essential to guilt. The word "kill" In the pracept Is the same In meaning as the word murder In a modern lawv Murder Is the tak lng of human life with malice afore thought expressed or Implied. Malice aforethought is premeditated enmity and ill-will and a malevolent desire to Inflict the greatest possible harm. This malice aforethought- no matter what may be the extent of Its dura tion, is the gravamen ' of the offense; it constitutes the very essence of the crime. Though It may be fnferred from the deliberate use of a deadly weapon it Is susceptible of proof like the blood, the nature and extent of the wound or any other part of the corpus delicti. The malice Is the live part of the deed, while the other parts are only the notes or Incidents or dead raiment of the living demon of malice. A conviction independent of malice Is a miscarriage of justice-. Before the law of God was expressed in the ten 'commandments, in Genesis, ninth chapter, sixth verse, God said. "Whosoever shall shed man's blood, hla blood shall be shed; for man was made In the Image of God." And again In Exodus, 21st chapter, 12th verse: "He that strlketh a man with a will to kill him shall be put to death. The phrase "with a will to kill" means malice prepense, in the absence of which neither the mortal sin nor the willful murder is possible. Should the malice aforethought be harbored, even without the overt act, the sin is com plete and the life of the soul Is for feited to God. By the very act of en tertaining the passion with self-satis fied approval God is ejected from the soul and sin takes up Its abode there. After that follows punishment. It Is the order of Justice expiatory pun ishment which Is true repentance, or else eternal punishment. Jeaus verl lied this order of Justice by suffering death on the crosB In atonement for man's first sin. , "Can one be pardoned . and retain the offense?" After the soul has en tertained the demon passion of murder-malice It Is loathsome In the sight of God and can perform no spiritual duty until it has suffered whatever rigor may be necessary to expel the evil guest. Only "the salutary bitter" of atonement can redeem It. In the righteous defense of his own life and with proper circumstance of time and place a man may slay his assailant If he be convinced that such assailant entertains for him or his Im mediate relatives malice aforethought, and under such circumstances the slay ing Is no transgression of the law of God or of man, but it Is justifiable. Such is the law which God gave the Israelites, and those laws empowered the people of Israel to act upon and enforce them with the authority of modern statutes, as, according to the Mosaic law, God was the actual ruler of Israel. Briefly, God makes It the duty of man to organize society and to enact and enforce laws: and this duty extends to and comprehends the heroic remedy of capital punishment. There may be Involved In or incident to such a death the protection of so ciety, retributive Justice or other salu tary effect, but over and above It all this stands out: It 'presents a case where malt, seeking reconciliation with his God. may demand the right to die. The state, with the authority of God. has the right to name the penalty for the breach of Its peace and the offense to Its dignity; the penalty, being no greater than the offense, Is neither cruel nor excessive. Then, with true contrition and becoming fortitude, tha sufferer mav say: "Not as I will but as thou wilt." If I, being guilty of murder, were tried and condemned to death for it, and then sought through the pardoning power of the Governor to escape the lawful consequences of my act. I should consider myself an impenitent- JAMES B. CARR. WHOSB RILL IS "MY BILLt" Mr. CRrn Says People's League Helped Yet Ilourne's Claim Is Sound. OREGON CITY. Dec 1. (To the Editor.) I have Just read the editorial printed In The Oregonlan November 22, In which you say that I am grievously In error In stating that the Presidential primary law was drawn by President Selling and other members of the Peo ple's Power League. I did not see the editorial at the time because I was on my way to Chicago. But you are mistaken this time. My statement is strictly true. Neither is there any conflict between Senator Bourne and myself -as to the facts. Senator Bourne is the original In ventor of the Presidential primary, to the best of my knowledge, and cer tainly was-the first to mention It to me. It Is as much his bill as the Singer sewing machine was Mr. Singer's Invention. He has always been a member of the People's Power League. Many minds contributed to the de n, of the law. the editor of The Oregonlan among the rest. While the printed draft or tne diu was in circu lation you published an editorial sharp ly criticising and opposing because It did not limit tne number of delegates from any political party who would be entitled to ineir hikii in tending a National convention. The committee then Inserted the condition "Provided, that such expense shall never be paid to any greater number of delegates of any political party than would be allowed such party under the plan by which the number of delegates to the Republican Na tional convention was fixed for the Re publican party of Oregon In the year 19president Selling did take an active part in criticising the drafts of the bill and suggesting changes, and so did many other members of the league. Senator Bourne did the same by corres pondence from Washington. The argu ment in favor of the bill was almost wholly the Senator's work. I could give the author's name in the case of some other Important pro visions of the bill besides the one above credited to The Oregonlan. OD W. S. U'REN. The Flahln Is Poor. New York Times. The customer had waited fifteen min utes for the fish he had ordered. He was very quiet as he sat there, but in ternally there was a seething. At the end of the sixteenth minute the waiter, who had been in total eclipse for 154 minutes, bustled up. "That fish will be here,', sir. In five minutes." Five minutes elapsed three times. Then the waiter bustled up again. "The fish will be here, sir. In a min ute." The customer turned to mm. "Tell me." he said quietly, but with a certain emphasis, "what bait you are using?" Two Billions In Exports. Baltimore News. Exports from the United States this year are expected to pass the $2,000,000, 000 mark, and not one man In a million has any conception of what a billion means. A million seconds Is but 11 days. How much Is a billion seconds? It Is about 32 years. ' FACTS AT isSCE NOT STATED. Rev Drott Criticises Christian Science Letter ot Mr. Van Meter. PORTLAND, Dec. 14 (To the Edi tor.) My attention has been called to a communication which appeared In The Oregonlan yesterday. The letter in question Is signed by Howard C. Van Meter, committee on publication for Oregon, and it Is in explanation of certain matters of interest to Christian Scientists and Congregationalists. Mr. Van Meter has not clearly and compre hensively stated the facts at issue. If he were an attorney, making such statements in any court of Justice, what he has to say In that letter, at least, would be ruled out as "Incompetent, Ir relevant and Immaterial." Let the facts be stated. One Willard F. Ottarson, serving as a missionary In one of our Congrega tional missions, connected with Broad way Tabernacle. New York, which mis sion is known as Bethany Church, on the East Side, in New" York City, was reported by a sensational newspaper In New York as having indorsed Chris tian Science and as having declared that the Christian Scientists had "healed" one of his relatives whose malady was cancer. The New York Herald gave much prominence to the statements of Mr. Ottarson and attached undue impor tance to him, his church and his state ments, advert..ng him as "Doctor" Ottarson, a Congregational pastor. The Christian Scientists either knew, or they might have known, that Mr. Ot tarson Is not a Congregational min ister. Now, therefore, the Jacts are these: (1) Mr. Ottarson did not know that his relative had a cancer. Ho Is not a physician, and he did not quote a phy sician. If that relative had a cancer, Mr. Ottarson did not know that said relative was cured. No physician is known so to have said, and no Chris tian Scientist, as such, knows as much about such matters as a physician does. (2) Undue importance-was attached to Mr. Ottarson, and a misrepresenta tion was made as to his ecclesiastical standing and relations. (3) The circulars Issued by the Chris tian Scientists and sent to our local Congregationalists1 our pastors and, ac cording to Mr. Van Meter's letter In your paper, "sent to seven or eight members of Congregational Churches," were reprinted accounts of that which appeared in a Now York newspaper. Why Issue a reprint for 17 or 18 per sons? But let that pass, if you wish. (4) Mr. Van Meter could have ascer tained the facts in the case had he cared to do so. Even the average business man has no use for reprehen sible misrepresentations and unethical methods. I am perfectly willing to leave Mr. Van Meier's motive with God and Mr. Van Meter, "the committee on publica tion for Oregon," but I have absolutely no use for some of the assets of Chris tian Science, though I do have a cor dial respect for some members of the Christian Science Church, a church which, just now, seems to need our sympathy. LUTHER R. DYOTT, Pastor First Congregational Church. WHAT DIVERSIFIED FARMING IS. It Embraces Stock as Well Crops of General Farmers. CORVALL1S, Or.. Dec. 9. (To the Edrtor.) I have of late noticed several articles' and letters In The Oregonlan and other papers relating to diversi fied farming and It looks as if the time was fully ripe for farmers to give more thought and attention to this im portant line of farming. Twenty or 0 years ago, when there was no reliable market for anything but wheat, though it was very hard on the land, and very poor farming, as farmers had to make a living out of their land, they were fully Justified In growing wheat, wheat, wheat and the man who could get the most wheat off his land was naturally considered the best farmer. Nowadays ' conditions are different. There Is a gopd market for almost any thing a farmer can produce horses, cattle, hogs, sheep, butter, eggs, apples, spuds all sell well and It is now up to us farmers to produce such of these as we can to best advantage. This brings us to diversified farming, which I take to mean not only a diversity of crops, but also a diversity of stock to feed them to, and It is here that a man must consider not only what his own natural taste leads him to produce, but also what his land Is most adapted for. One farm may be well adapted for the turning off of fat cattle and hogs; an other may be a fair dairy farm; an other that Is a ''poor farm for cattle may be an excellent sheep farm, or may be well adapted for apple and fruit growing. It is the man who gives thought to these things and grows his produce along the line of the least re sistance that Is most likely to make a success. In diversified farming I believe a man should have two or three main lines of production. We will say fat cattle, hogs and wheat; or dairy cattle, hogs and hay; or horses, sheep and grain; or sheep and fruit. The last are my particular lines, as I consider my land is best adapted for them, but whatever particular breed of stock he thinks most suitable he should put his thoughts and energies into Improving It, and li he can afford It, raise regis tered stock, which Is much the most profitable and satisfactory. But the man that starts with say a Jersey cow and thinks to diversify by using a Hereford to get larger calves and then chops off Into other breeds will never own a lot of good stock not if he lives to be as old as Methuselah. Poultry and eggs are also a fine source of Income but, as a rule, farm ers do not give them enough thought and attention. In fact, a good diversi fied farmer, no matter what are his main lines of farming, should also raise a few good colts, cows, calves, pigs, sheep, goats, poultry of all sorts and not forget a few -stands of bees and a good garden with all varieties of fruits, berries and vegetables. Of course, he will grow different varieties of grain and hay. either to sell or, better still to feed off to stock on the farm. This brings us to rotation of crops, to build tip our soli that has been impoverished by successive wlieat-growing- GEORGE ARMSTRONG. A Boston School Teacher's Ruse. Boston Traveler. In colonial times a school teacher in one of Boston's schools had occasion to suspect one of her pupils of cheating. All her WTorts to find the guilty child proved in vain. Finally she hit upon an ingenious scheme. She brought a duck to the school one day, and, show ing it to the children, explained that by aid of Its magical power she would be able to discover the guilty party. She placed the duck In a small, dark trap, and as the children filed before her she compelled each In turn to pass his hand within the trap-and upon the duck's back. Unknown to the children she had covered the duck's back with soot. Now, when the children had all under gone the ordeal, she ordered them to hold up their hands. All were covered with soot save those of one little boy. His guilty conscience had led him to seek to escape undergoing the test and had proved his guilt. A Remark at Home. Chicago Record-Herald. 'I have the faith that mov"es moun tains," he declared. "I wish." his wife complained, you had the faith that- would move the ashes out of the basement." Kew Discovery In Radium. Pittsburg Garette-Tlmes. An Italian university professor claims to have found radium in ordi nary dew. N. Nitts on Pensions By Dean Collins. Nescius Nitts, he whose learning and grace Made Punkindorf Station a plumb noted place. Wiped off of his whiskers a nicotine trace. Projected a nicotine jet into space. And spake upon pensions, with Judi cial face. "This here Woodrow Wilson, I recently notes, Full 25 years to his teachin' devotes, .And then gives it up and retires, full of fame. To set In the lively political game; But when he retires, its his sober In tention To bid fer his share of the Carnegie pension. "Right here's the injestice of man unto man. They won't give the pension, and say Wilson can Dispense with the helpln' hand Car negie's reachln' Because not entirely 'onfitted fer teach In'. Comparin' this case I could show to 'em quick it Is jest like the case of Heracllus Hickett. "Heracllus Hickett, he gin eddicatlon In our puhTTc school here in Punkin dorf Station Wellnisrh 30 year, when a chanst fer him came To play in the local political game. When "the Citizen's Party had picked him. In order To beat out Bill Ryan for City Re corder. "I don't mention details. I mentions the story . To tell how his new-found political glory Jest plumb onhinged Hickett, and spiled him fer teachin" Or anything else but political speech- ln,f Until he Jest. tenders us his resigna tion And we gets a new pedagogue fer the Station "This here proves a. pint (or it was mv Intention), That Woodrow's entitled to get that there pension. Which same can't be issued, so critics Is preachln' Unless he has been plumb 'onfitted fer teachin'. Well, I holds his case Is plumb closely related To that case of Hlcketts, which I has Jest stated." Portland, December 14. "Dead Shot" at 05 Years. Philadelphia Record. Mrs. Jane E. Rohrbach, of Sellns grove, Pa., who passed the 95th mile stone of life, celebrated the anniver sary of her natal day by hitting a half dollar with a bullet fired 40 feet. In fact, shooting Is one of her most delightful diversions, and-tach day she shoots at a mark a little bit just to be sure that her sight is not falling too rapidly. The remarkable woman does all her own housework, and her principal ar ticle of food Is fried potatoes, a dish wjiich physicians generally agree la very Indigestible. She drinks a cup ful "or more of coffee at each meal, but never Indulges In fruit and seldom In meats. Each night she retires at 8 o clock and every morning rises at 4. This has been her schedule since she was 6 years old. A Reformation In Character. New York Herald. A clergyman who is Interested In charitable work In a poor quarter of New York was listening on one occasion with much interest to a woman as she proudly told him of the reformation of her husband's character. "Mike's got a new Job," said she, en thusiastically. "That's good," said the clergyman, "What Is he doing?" "Oh, it's a fine Job." repeated the woman. "He's boring wormholes in an tique furniture." "Improved' Christmas Presents. Judge. Crabshaw Don't you think, my dear, that you bought a rather inferior lot of Christmas presents to give your friends? Mrs. Crabshaw They'll look all right when I've put them In these sweet little boxes and tied them up with this lovely ribbon. SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN George Ade's Latest Fable Mr. Ade writes a live one in "the fable of everybody's friend and the line-bucker." Russia vs. A Young American The unusual story of M. Morgan Shuster's career in Persia as Treasurer-General. In the Reaper's Trail About the eminent names that have been erased from the life roster dur ing 1911. The Mysterious Card A rip ping short story by Cleveland Moffett. Our Diplomatic Chess Game Something about new players who are setting in. American wives figure prominently at foreign em bassies. Liszt An epitome of new biog raphy of that genius, gallant and master of the piano. Training Animals A veteran trainer tells of equipping dumb brutes for life behind the foot lights. The Wyandotte Shares An other good short story of the realm of business. Bobo"s Monarch A strong short tale about a sailor who be came king. Dorothy Deere, Sambo, Slim Jim, Hairbreadth Harry, Mr. Boss, pretty Anna Belle and a Christmas puzzle, all in colors. MANY OTHER FEATURES I