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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 4, 1911)
TTIE MORXTXO OREGOXIAN, MONDAY, DECE3IBER 4. 1911. PORTLAND, OKEOOX. dacriptlvD Kir InTBrtablr " nv uiTI. k fr, f-un-iay Inr.u-i.... ent yr t-J-JJ Uy Suna.y inciuavU, on month.... thou? un,:iv. on ye. ft 7ft Ui J, wunoui r jitu .t.y. w:tnouC buQUty, o&t mooiA on yrr M BiB.tf. on r . an.l WubTv nnat VJs.r .i itirimif.1 & year. . Kuciir lnciudwd. on month Uw t Ke-mll 6end Po.ioffic monT r- I'.tiprfii rii-r or prooi cntn " ."1 a. ban, fciunpa. cola or curiw . . it M .., n rAiin r v ad LAt rotao Rtr 10 to 14 Pit". 1 coot: ! 1 . 2 cent; www p to U iM, 4 cent. Fora.fa pote. Ob, rate. t.- nfn-Vtrrt A Con -w w7k. bmuwlcll building. Cnlc Lonffji OO.c-a No, t Retreat atrot. B 1al4B. JWTLAXD. MO-VDAY. DEC. . Ml. h 'ANTED, A IXADU 1 IX COXOKE88. With a number of subject at legl- Uon requiring the highest qualities i statesmanship, unclouded by per- nal or party prejudice, to come " re It. Congress threaten to deTOte session which open today to par- in and factional wrangle. PoUUcai Ivan tare In the Presidential cam- Ugn of next year promise to have ore Influence on the mind or Ben ore and Representatives than the els of the country. The House be ar controlled by the Democrats, who more Interested In putting the erubllcan President In than in get- ng the country out of a hole, and the i il.ince of power in the Senate being M by the insurgents, whose chler ae- ffct Is to aid the Democrats In thwart- r the President, the prospect or con- r.ictlve legislation Is not encourag- Ttt there has not been a time In re nt rears when the need and the op- i jrtunlty for constructive legislation ere greater. For more than three ars we have had continuous tariff rUatlon. with resultant uncertainty arcely less pernicious than the most rnicloua tariff revision lmaginaDie. ! he great industrial corporations have e!r activities paralyzed by the uam- Ii an aword of litigation which hangs .er them. As an alternative, they re ready to welcome the most drastic ensure of Federal supervision. We : Me a patchwork monetary and bank- .$? system which in a financial pinch ay precipitate panic In the midst of :undance. We have locked up Alas- ; v our greatest remaining storehouse f undeveloped wealth, while pioneer -terry and capital walt impatiently r proper legislation to unlock It. We iv e almost completed the Panama anal, and the shipping Interests want s to tell them on what terms they can : It. With such problems demanding so- itlon. the country calls for a master- Ind and a master-will. Inspired by atrlotlsm. which can unite the war- Tig factions of Congress on measure at will place the country's business n a firm footing, allow the people to xhnme the burled talents of Alaska nd start the building of the peaceful avy "which shall navigate the great mat. XrKDEREK'9 CHOICE. James B. McNaraara ought to hang. t here Is no proper, reasonable or Just Itematlve for or qualification of this -atement. And yet Jamea B. Mc- amara In prison for life, a self-con- 'ssed murderer, will do more for the eneral cause and protection of society I nan would James B. McXamara on l ie gallows protesting his Innocence. The trade of his worthless life for his onfeeslon scores heavily for capital unlahment In California. Had the , allows been abolished In that state It has been abolished in Oregon by l:-e usurped authority of a Governor ntroe to h!a oa?!i of office, the Mo- t.'amara trial would be grinding Its eary way through the next six or ight months with no end In sight that ould completely fit the case. It Is not of great moment to this inclusion that the sudden entering f a plea of guilty bears strong savor : f a bargain to save others from con- Io.uences of guilty acts. There ls It annot be denied the bubbling up of -methlng underneath the surface. here was SI 90.000 In McXamara'a efense fund. There was more money n the way. One of the Nation's noted rtmlnal lawyers was employed In his eh.!f. Associate counsel represented liferent walks in life and was chosen eemlngly with a vlgw to the Influence hat counsel's participation In the trial u-ould have upon the public. There as sufficient public sentiment In fa- . or of the accused to guarantee him f jlr treatment by the Jury. Union labor was unanimous In de- : taring that the quiet, slender man on rial was Innocent. The belief was t arefully cultivated In labor's organl- i atlons that a plot existed to destroy niontsra. The strongest evidence gainst the accused was discounted or wept aside by Unt-n adherents with he conviction that It had been planted." Every straw In the- pro- eedlng was scrutinized to learn If It olnted toward the wind of suspicion. :very act that could plausibly be con. y trued as part of a great capitalistic Cnrrlgue against labor's cause was "Lied upon and made the most of. triranlsed labor In general could not elleve that anybody high In Its conn- ill would plan and execute the whole. Je destruction of human lives. To '0 per cent, at least, it was Inconceiv able. No evidence, however strong. j'Jier than admission of guilt by -the accused himself, would convince them zt McNamara's infamy. These conditions, so favorable to the I -nan on trial, may turn thoughts to--a-ard a possible hidden motive for surrender, but they also have revealed the need of compromise even If by that I -ora promise the life of a cur and -oward be spared. hat weight would I a Jury's verdict of guilty have had on jrh fixed opinions? Is there anyone, ren of feeble Imagination, who can- I not see the hosts of labor marching in I protest against the "sacrifice of hu man life to the blood lust of the money power?" Is not the vision clear ot memorial days In coming years and of marble shafts erected at labor's ooet for labor's martyT? Truly, force of circumstances, shrewdness of prose, cutors, slip of defenders. Interposition of r High Providence or whatever It that bought this change of front. I gave the world a wiser solution. With this solution should, and we hope will, come a driving from labor's I ranks of unscrupulous radicals and aroh, traitors. Out of It should grow . ,.ftj.r mrterstandlns- between capi tal and labor. Indeed, between the two classes there Is no war. What seems to be conflict without quarter la but the fomentations of radical groups In each. Capital as a whole la not seeking to prevent the organizing of workmen. It Is not conspiring to send union leaders to the gibbet. Nor Is organized labor as a whole engaged In or In sympathy with a' campaign of heartless murder and wanton destruc tion of property to force recognition. In this one case labor has voiced Its protest, contributed Its gold and shed Its tears In behalf of traitors. The shock will awaken the true loaders. It will stir the ranks to closer scrutiny of the deeds of their feljows. If we are spared a widening of the breach between employer and employe. If there has been forestalled the spread of undeserved suspicion of our courts. If a broader understanding and a spirit of give and take shall grow out of what seemed a hopeless case, the fact that the noose Is slipped from a ready neck Is of minor moment. In view of these things, of what great consequence will It be If McNamara has bartered the undying confidence of his fellows for the preservation of his worthless life? Why should one repine If he be permitted to choose the role of living dastard In preference to that of dead martyr? If that la the best that can be done. It's still a good trade. And yet the miscreant ought to hW BfBSlATs BAD FAITH. !" viniattnn bv Russia of the treaty of Ull with this country In refusing to allow American Jews to travel In Russia la made the subject of an ap peal to the American people by the American-Jewish Committee. The committee has Issued a pamphlet em bodying the history of Its unsuccess ful efforts to Induce the United Elates Government to Insist upon the ob severance of the treaty by Russia or to negotiate a new treaty containing spe cific provisions for equal treatment of all American cltixena. The subject is to be considered In Congress, resolutions having been In troduced In both Senate and House calling for the abrogation of the treaty because of Russia's persistent viola tion. Russia has not hesitated to make exceptions to Its laws in favor of Jews traveling from New Tork to Llbau by the Russian S'eamshlp line, showing that its religious or race prejudice readily yields to mercenary considera tions. It would appear that the dig nity of this Nation should not suffer, even at the slight sacrifice which might result from annulment of the treaty in retaliation for Russia's bad faith. xakxxo good with nxa. According to the report of the pro ceedings of Fels" single-tax commis sion, there was considerable discussion at the meeting of directors a year ago as to whether W. G. Eggleston should be returned to Oregon another year. It thus appears that Mr. Eggleston is a paid lobbyist, who goes wherever he la sent, and there does the will of his employer. In view of the record made by the elngle-ta lobbyist In the elec tion campaign. It was finally decided that Mr. Eggleston's services In Ore gon another year would be worth. the price. One must admit that Mr. Eggleston Is faithful to his employer In fact, more faithful to the purpose of the Philadelphia soapmaker than" to the golden precepts of truth. One of his duties Is to keep discussion of single tax going in the press. If there Is nothing else doing, Mr. EggJeston Im pugns the motives of those Who do not agree with his employer. If In this he can make hia point stronger by so do ing he does not hesitate to- misrepre sent. A few days ago an article appeared In The Oregonlan in which the sole and only point made was that the pro posed single tax roll In Clackamas County could not be accurately pre pared without employing an "army of wise men." Absolutely no prophesies were made as to what such a tax roll wonld show, nor was the soundness of the single-tax theory or the effect of single tax on the farmer discussed In any way. But all one has to do to bestir Mr. Eggleston into an attempt to earn his salary is to say "single tax." The two words printed any day In The Orego nlan will produce an attack by Mr. Eg gleston In some contemponary. Of course, this busy press agent seized upon the article mentioned. Didn't It contain the maglo words, "single tax"? He tells the readers of an even ing paper that The Oregonlan has "flopped" on the single-tax question. He discovers a "somersault" In the ar ticle, although It simply and only pointed out the Impracticability of pre paring an accurate sample tingle-tax roll In Claokama County. ' In short, he read Into the article things which no honest imagination, no matter how vivid, could find there, " We have sometimes wondered what work performed by Lobbyist Eggles ton so pleased the Fels commission that it returned him to Oregon. We are still In the dark. We cannot be lieve that the honorable men on the commission believe In a campaign of misrepresentation. Tet here he Is. Day by day we see evidence of his handicraft- Each month, we presume, he draws his pay. , We. therefore, can only suggest; to the Fels commission that the cause of single tax will profit If Mr. Eggleston be paid something extra to tell the truth, or If some one who doesn't have to be paid extra to be veracious be sent to Oregon In his stead. The main purpose of this com ment, however. Is to warn those who, knowing not the pecuniary Inspiration and the unreliability of Mr. Eggles ton's writings, might be led astray. KCOSIAX rXTA9Kf or mwi, Russia's threatened invasion of Persia not only has sentimental inter est for Americans because provoked by the resistance of Mr. Shuster, the American Treasurer-General of Per sia, to the dictation of Russia, but as being a possible cause of another crisis like that In Morocco. Russia and Britain made a treaty In 1S07. granting as a Russian sphere of politi cal and commercial Influence North ern Persia bordering on the Caspian Sea and as a British sphere Southern Persia bordering on the Persian Gulf, Afghanistan and Beluchlstan. Ger many has appeared to acquiesce In this arrangement, but Insists on pro tection of her treaty rights and Is backing German capitalists In seeking a franchise for a branch of the Bag dad Railway through Northern Persia to Teheran. The disorder following upon the deposition of the Shah and the estab lishment of a constitutional govern ment has gives both Russia and Bri tain an excuse for occupying their spheres of Influence with armed forces. Russia has already done so In the north, and Britain has threatened to follow the example in the south, on. the pretext of guarding the caravan routes against robbers, even going with Russian consent beyond the Brit ish sphere of influence. These pro ceedings are watched with suspicion by Germans, aa foreshadowing annex stlon, but such a purpose is vigorously denied by both Russia and Britain, which bound themselves by the treaty of 107 "to respect the Independence and Integrity of Persia." The present crisis Is due to Mr. Shuster's Insistence on the control of the Persian treasury without foreign Interference and on the selection of his own subordinates on the ground of competence, regardless of their na tionality. Russia demands that cer tain funds be deposited In a Russian bank at Teheran, and that Mr. Shuster employ Russians In his department. The Persian government supports Mr. Shuster In his resistance to these de mands and the Russian demand for his removal. Resort to armed foroo la the consequence. It Is scarcely conoelvable that Per sia would present so firm 'a front to Russia unless hope existed of backing from other European powers. The only power likely to offer such back ing Is Germany, but It Is extremely doubtful whether Germany will push support of Persia to extremes. The Kaiser Is more likely to encourage Persia to make all the trouble possible for the allies, with the purpose of se curing some concessions for himself and then to leave Persia to her fate, as he left Morocco. British consent to Russian aggres sion arouses much opposition at home, both among the haters of Russia, who believe the Czar will never give up ter ritory he once occupies, and among the Radicals, who naturally sympathize with every nation rising from despot ism to freedom. Much as every American will ad mire Mr. Shusts pluck in resisting Russia's demands, the mere fact that he Is an American does not Justify our Government In Interfering with the affairs of Persia. The most that we can be expected to do Is to take pre cautions if or the safety of his person and property. f TCKTi -IV A T KKI " O IJVJALIZFUX The Public Service Commission of New Tork City has been forbidden to squeeze the water out of the capitali zation of bankrupt railroads by the State Court of Appeals. The notorious Third-Avenue railroad was one of the most waterlogged roads In the metrop olis and the reorg; nlzers proposed to reduce its capitalization only from 161.869,630 to 159.916.000. The Corn mission refused its consent on the grounds that the proposed capitaliza tion was not Justified by the value of the property and was not within Its earning capacity. It held that the as sets subject to capitalization were worth only 126,960,000, or less than half the proposed capitalization. The court held that the Publlo Service Commission ,1s not authorized to Interfere with the reorganization of bankrupt railroads In that state to the extent of exercising a veto on the put ting out of new securities where the aggregate of such securities does not exceed the amount of securities origi nally Issued. In .other words, when securities are once watered, there Is no legal means of forcing a corpora tion to squeeze out the water. A cor poration may Issue securities repre senting fictitious value and may charge extortionate rates In order to give them a real value and make them salable. In New Tork a corporation's capitali zation can, therefore, never be re duced to the real value of Its property except by the consent of the holders of Its securities. This can never be obtained. KKsnurnox of immigration. Attacks made on the Ellis Island Immigration officials In New Tork newspapers published in foreign tongues and before the House Immi gration committee of Congress have moved Commissioner Williams to make a detailed reply in his annual re port. He not only makes a good case, but expresses some opinions of the im migration question which will appeal to the sober sense of unprejudiced cit izens. The care with which immigrants are now sifted before admission Is Indi cated by the facts that of 749.642 In spected In the last fiscal year only 606,114 were admitted on first inspec tion, and only half of the remainder were made the subject of special in quiry. About 14,500 aliens were de ported, of whom 1600 had been Tound after entry to be here In violation of the law. These deportations have a valuable effect In deterring many un desirable Immigrants even from start ing for this country; but they also con vict the steamship companies of care lessness or greed in allowing tnany such persons to embark. Mr. Williams frankly defends his 623 subordinates, saying that In de ciding 70,829 cases last year they ex cluded "a great deal of the riff-raff and scum which Is constantly seeking to enter." He discusses In detail the charges of harsh and cruel treatment of Immigrants, and shows that the Representative who brought them In effect withdrew them. He advocates more severe penalties on steamship companies for bringing over excluded Immigrant a Mr. Williams says, with emphasis, that our "machinery for detecting alien criminals is entirely inadequate, and that many such are entering the country every year; also that the law regarding seamen Is in such condition as to permit of the ships articles be ing used by unscrupulous persons as a tnfan of evading the immigration law and Introducing into the country aliens Ineligible thereunder." He points out that, while the law al lows exclusion of diseased. Insane and criminal, "there are many who, though able to earn a living, cannot In any sense be termed desirable." "The existing law," he says, "makes no provision for selecting desirable Im migrants, (hough there are many rea sons why, following the example of at least one other country, we should take early steps to do this. The new immigration proceeds In part from the poorer elements of Southern and East era Europe and from backward races with customs and Institutions widely different from ours. It Is without the capacity of assimilating with our peo ple as did the early Immigrants, Many of those coming from these sources have very low standards of living, pos sess filthy habits, and are of an lgno- ranee which passea belief." Types of ' these races may be found in certain districts of New Tork City. He con tinues: Coatraxy ts what was formerly the cte is, s lar. proportion r unsklll.4 lborr who so to th. manufacturing and mining center, wb.r. th. Immigration Commission recently round that there existed an ov.r upply of unskilled foreign labor. Over three-arth. remain In nv. East.rn states, while an undu. proportion are pouring into th. congested areas of our large cities, wber. they begin their American lit. amongst unfavorable surroundings and ex posed to many evil Influences. They often herd together, forming In effect foreign col onies In which the English language is al most unknown. Miserable acomonie and sanitary conditions exist in many of these colonies; witness, for Instance, in New iork i City the frequency with which th. stat. fao ! tory inspectors are compelled to attach the red "unclean" tag to article, mad. In snops and factories wber. aliens are employed, the threatened use of this tag constituting often the best means at their disposal ol complllng the maintenance of even a sem- t blanc. of cleanliness In such places. Repeatedly jthe new Immigrant obtain, hi. Job at th. expense of an older employ, wh. loses his. Certain employers seek new lxrr ' migrant labor In pr.fer.nc. to other and 1 more efficient labor, of which there may I b. aa abundance, because of th. wllllng 1 ness of th. n.w Immigrants tor "grsenles," as they ar termed) to work at the outset unduly long hours or at unduly low wages, or both, and perhaps also to pay th. fore men or pndrone a bonus. Attention is called to the fact that many Immigrants return to Europe and send or take back millions of dol lars; that a large proportion of the In sane of New Tork and Massachusetts are of foreign birth; that the foreign element Is a heavy burden on public and private charity, and that this bur- i den is likely to Increase unless our immigration laws are made more stringent. The real issue, he says, is, whether to keep out undesirable Immi grants. Interested persons, however, classify advocates of reasonable re strictions as excluslonlsts and hostile to Immigration as a whole. ' The best way to secure the desirable Immigrant, says Mr. Williams, la to keep out the undesirable. Opponents of further re striction do so "for mercenary or hu manitarian reasons, regardless of whether the best Interests of the United States demand their presence Irere." Mr. Williams says In conclu sion : Th. Urn. ha. com. whan It Is n.ceseary to put asld. false sentimentality In dealing with the question of Immigration and to give mor. consideration to It. racial and economic aspects, and In determining what additional Immigrants w. shall rsc.lv. to re member that our first duty Is to our own country. Mr. Williams opinions are of inter est on the Paclflo Coast, for In a few years we shall have direct immigration from Europe and Western Asia to this section. The Oregonlan will not undertake, hereafter, to answer Inquiries as to the value of old coins. Communica tions are printed and answered on this page not so much to accommodate the Individual Inquirer as to Interest read ers in general. Questions that Interest one person ordinarily Interest others. But the fact that John Smith possesses a half dollar for which collectors are willing to pay 60 cents Is of Interest only to John Smith. If a great many persons were likely to possess like coins the premium would not be of fered. It is the rarity that makes old coins of more than face value. For this reason -The Oregonlan will not hereafter utilize time and space In answering the numerous inquiries of this character. The gradual veering of British pub lic opinion toward Irish home rule1 Is shown by Lord DunraVen's declara tion In favor of that measure as the forerunner of federation of the whole empire. The Old Country can as well take the federal leaf out of our book as we could take many leaves out of her book. The missionary work of the West ern Governors' tour acts in both direc tions. The Governors propagate the cause of Western development, and Representative Vreeland tries to en list them in the cause of monetary re form. Well, even New Tork can teach us something. If George Randolph Chester were to live In Turkey, he might establish a harem of wives, each of whom would atone for the deficiencies of the oth ers. As he lives In America, he must tolerate the deficiencies of one woman. But how about the deficiencies of Mr. Chester? Women can beat a Socialist for school director in Tacoma, but they can't beat a doctor in Spokane on the Issue of medical Inspection. Even women must have a common sense platform If they expect to win elec tion. It would bo well for union labor to make It somewhat clearer to the world that Its deep and clamorous resent ment against the McNamara arises from the fact that they are guilty and not merely that they confessed. The woman lobbyist gives notice that she will not tolerate political mudsllnglng. But how Is the politician to get any fun out of the game if he must keep a bridle on his tongue in order to avoid libel suits? Democrat in North Dakota, as in Oregon, are for La Follette as the Re publican candidate for President. But would they be for him at the election? Men who give a woman poison as a practical Joke need several years of meditation In a prison cell to correct their perverted sense of humor. The next generation of Central Ore gon will be a brainy lot, for the new railroads have paved the way for many fresh fish market. - As Mrs. Malaprop would say, the steamer Tees has escaped from the graveyard of the Paclflo by the skin of Its teeth. The cast-off Harriman buttons in Los Angeles are the refuse left on the beach by the receding wave of Social ism. Oklahoma professes to be progres sive, but it Is reactionary enough, to lynch a negro murderer. Mr. Burns says more arrests are to follow. Let It be a general clean-up for the good of all. . A second edition of the Message will be necessary to cover the latest from Los Angeles. The versatile L. Sullivan can be de pended upon to get Into the light. Of the $190,000 raised for the de fense, there is no change back. . Senator Guggenheim ha had enough. m ' Job Harriman 1 a poor politician. BOtJRKB HOT FOR X.A FOLLETTE WaaMngtoai Thinks Be Is snoggllag 17 to Roosevelt Again. Special Dispatch In Seattle rsst-Int.Ul-gencer. WASHINGTON. Deo. J. Washington was approaching the reconvening of Congress with more or less tranquillity until ,the report of a letter, written to Colonel Theodore Roosevelt by a mem ber of the United States Senate, offer ing to support him for re-election, oame to town, but now everyone is talking at the same time and on the same sub Jeot, and wondering in unison. Just who the Senator Is whose name ap pears at its close. Everybody has a guess coming on the subject and despite the rumor that Senator Murray Crane, of Massachu setts, was the epistle's author, the ma jority opinion lays It at the door of Senator Jonathan Bourne, Jr, of Ore gon. . As was mentioned In the dispatches a few days ago. It has been known for some time that 6enator Bourne's faith In Senator La Follette as the proper person to be aocorded the in surgent baoking for the Presidential nomination, has fast been waning, until now there seems scarcely any probability at all that the Oregon statesman will be a La Follette sup porter in the closing days of the pre conventlon campaign. It has also been recalled, from time to time, that Senator Bourne's "second elective term" slogan was not aban doned by him because he lost faith In It, but merely because he found that It was hopeless at that time, and for that reason it has been easy to bear reo.ntly on the streets of Washington that he might revive it at any time be tween now and the meeting of the nominating convention. So when the alleged authoritative statement concerning Mr. Roosevelt's receipt of a letter containing a Sena tor's pledge of "full political support" for the renomlnatlon was published. It was natural that many eyes and thoughts should turn in the direction of Oregon's prominent statesman. There are not many who believe that Senator Murray Crane wrote such a letter, although there are some so thor oughly convinced that such is the case that they will listen to no other sug gestion. These persons form a small group who claim to have been told of the letter's existence several days be fore It was mentioned publioly, and while none will claim actually to have seen It or whatever signature It bears, they are so sure it came from the quiet, almost shrinking Massachusetts Senator that they are making new political calculations on this basis. No one, however, has vouchsafed a plausible reason why Senator Crane should turn to Mr.. Roosevelt, and none, indeed, has been able to say why he should have turned on Mr. Taft so sud denly. Mr. Crane has been more in timate, perhaps, with President Taft In matters of policy than almost any other member of the Senate, and has time and again assured a Taft success In legislative matters where otherwise he might have experienced failure. De spite all this, however. Crane's name continues to be connected with the Roosevelt "boom" and probably will be until some definite denial is Issued either by the ex-President or Mr. Crane himself. s SOUTH 19 TTP1CALLT AMERICAN Eugene Writer . Dtrwroseee Mire. "Leeds' Views and Their Foundation. EUGENE, Or.. Dee. 2. (To the Edi tor.) The reported remarks of one Mrs. Leeds, of London, concerning things Amerloan are certainly interesting If not startling, or should be, to an or dinary American. Calling herself an American of the wealthy or propertied class, she makes assertions which probably only an American could un derstand or be able to discuss from actual experience or study. Can it be true that the youth of America' of the wealthy class are given to dissipation as a rule and are Increasing In the same? Also can it be true that the peo ple of America (voters) are less Inter ested In the politics of the day than are those of the old country? These contain Important problems In the making for the statesman as well aa the philosopher and publicist, Is the East, or in fact any large part of our country, beginning to ape the habits and customs of Europe or Is such only a temporary phase of life on the Western hemisphere, soon to give place to a new or broader development of both political and religious Institu tions? Where do we at present find the more typical men of the country. In a political and social sense? Leaving prejudice and Inherited "trend," to pre empt a phrase, aside for the moment, ts not the most typical element to be found, as exemplifies the American of the revolutionary and Individualist days, south of the Ohio River and east of the Rockles7 This, much as we dis like to Ignore or disclass our Western region and element? The South (far South) has a certain native fire and heartiness of manner which seems to the undersigned more In consonance with the typical old-time or Indigenous element which belong to the air of America. We have defects as other nations, while priding our selves as th most In development and opportunity. As remarked In The Oregonlan lately, the heart as well as the mind needs to be cultivated. Who can set us right and lay or strengthen the foundation In this regard? Sunday sports and other amusements not in line with the old traditions have been adverted to as cause of declension and as bearing on proper rearing of the young, have their weight as elements in the popular decline, but also Is there not the tendency to question or doubt everything simply because It has come down from the past a cause of too little regard for the social amenities and good cheer and social eclat which should characterize the people of a democracy? Has not the ridicule or scoffing at emotion In religion as elsewhere, cur rent for some time, especially among the higher classes, been a detriment, and set us all more or less awry, caus ing us largely to forget the fact that man Is a creature not only of intellect, but of heart and will? JACOB ANTHONY. TEH PASSIXa SOUI. I. Slow, slow do my pulses go. And lighter do I feel. Can It be so? Can death be real? IL A spark, a flash, 'tis put, Infinite knowledge at last; It is the soul that's passed from the frame. That lit the spark of heavenly flame. Ill, This clay. Its work Is done, To mold my soul. To attain Its goal. Its object one. IV. This weeping, here. Is but the weight of clay. Not In trust, but fear That body shall pass away. V. The babe In the nurse's care. Ye give, and trust Its fare. But to trust the eternal Hand Tls more than ye can stand. Vt. Put thy hope and trust in God, And thou shalt never fear the sod. And broad and new, an avenue Will open to thy view. Darrell W, Milton. Portland, Or, Writer Find Golden Opportunity Shown In Iowa's Experience. GOLDENDALE, Waslu. Dec. 2. (To the Editor.) I desire to commend The Oregonlan for the excellent editorial in a recent number on "The Small Farm." You certainly struck the key note when you said that the farmers who practiced general forming and stock-raising were the successful farmers as a rule. During a recent visit to Iowa, I was most Impressed by the Increased fer tility of the farms there, where hogs and cattle were the principal products sold, over the condition ten or twelve years ago. Where the maximum yield of corn then was seldom over 50 bush els per acre, now 80 to SO bushels per acre Is often obtained; and this is largely due to feeding the products of the farm upon the land which pro duced it ' I came Into Klickitat County about two weeas ago, ana in no secuuu vi of Iowa have I seen Buch favorable conditions for the production of pork chops. Already a large number of hogs are raised in this section, but not one fourth what can be raised, when each farmer has a fine alfalfa field to pas ture' his sows and pigs upon, and then turns them in upon the wheat stubble when the grain is cut to finish them for market- Already some of the more progressive growers are turning the hogs into the small wheat fields and let them harvest the grain, leaving all straw upon the ground, claiming that by this method about twice as much Is realized from ' the grain as to har vest it. Alfalfa win soon be one of the big oropa here, for, while there was 1500 acres seeded this year, there will no doubt be 2000 acres seeded In 1912, and the ranohmen are beginning to see the value of the hog, and the ease In whloh a crop can be marketed by driv ing or hauling off a fine bunch of 200 pound shoati every Pall dr Spring; and the beauty of It all Is the great cities of the Northwest are calling for more pork chops all the time. While I have nothing to say against fruit raising, I would like to say this: That for the farmer who is not Inter ested In fruit, but knows how to raise grain, alfalfa and hogs, there Is no spot more favorable for such farming than the fine wheat lands of Klickitat County, Washington; and good, im proved farms may be bought at $30 to 860 an acre, which Includes the best land In the valley. In' Iowa such land, that will produce no more stock per year. Is readily selling at $100 to $150 an acre. These ranches of 820 to 40 acres should be cut up and furnish homes for two and three families In stead of one, and with the good roads, telephones, splendid water, and other favorable conditions, there Is no rea son why ranch life In this county can not be made a most charming one. JAMES A. DORilAN. NO COURAGES BEEJT IX WEST'S ACT Proclamation Withheld Until Eve ef Long; Absence From State. LINCOLN, Or, Deo. 1. (To the Edi tor.) This Idea of abolishing capital punishment Is absurd, to say the least. We have to deal with the world as it Is today and not with what day-Creaming Idealists think it ought to be. When we want to remedy an evil we begin with the cause and not with the conditions the cause has effected. Sin came first Into the world, punish ment followed. When men cease to commit crimes, then the time will be ripe to abolish capital punishment and not until then. As to Governor West's courage I must say we fall to see wherein it lies. He allowed his sentiments to run away with him in Webb's case. Having commuted one murderer's sentence he could not well refuse the next, besides having his vanity tickled by a com munication from Secretary Knox (in sending which Secretary Knox merely fulfilled a duty he was called on to perform.) Then he saw he was caught In his own trap, and that probably every murder case would- be appealed to him for commutation, and, usurp ing a power he did not possess, he forthwith Issued 'a general statement that no one would hang while he was Governor; thus saving himself a lot of trouble and fresh indignity on the part of the public each time. And when does he give vent to such senti ments and sympathy with crime and criminals? Just before leaving for the East, to be gone for a month, think ing that the storm he knew would break loose cn such a statement would have blown over by the time he re turned. A cowardly course, indeed. On the whole, these people with their mistaken Ideas and misplaced sympathies are of little good to so ciety. SUBSCRIBER. GOOD COMES NOT FROM VIOLENCE Eiman Frailty Cannot Wipe Ont Jnst Movement, Says Garment Worker. PORTLAND, Dec. 2. (To the Edi-tor.)-All the world Is affected when we are brought to witness a great ca lamity with the loss of human life and we feel that deep sorrow which Im presses us with the fragility of human nature and the forces human nature controls. Today we are sorrowing with that which makes us all dumb: a feeling exists In which we cannot find relief in tears. We are brought to real ize that an act of human nature's con ception, instead of an act of God, or contributory negligence by humanity in general, has made this experience of ours a solemn fact. We are all but of one life, our future within the next world is but a matter of religion or belief as long as we are sincere within ourselves. We are bound to realize that good comes from good . and that no actual good ever comes from violence or un control of the senses. May we appre ciate the lesson whloh we have learned and strive to better our minds and those of our fellow creatures. May the world of humanity learn a lesson that we are our brothers' keeper and that each and every man or woman Is our brother or sister In the eyes of our Creator. If a great movement Is efficient In Its motives, no calamity of such nature can have the effect of wiping out the movement. Rather will It prove as an object lesson towards the future guid ance for a better and nobler people and with the spirit of sincerity more de fined. May we look forward to the day when we all can be united as a whole and the spirit of hypocrisy Is banished from our midst. May we Join our hands together with sincerity, the laborer, the manufacturer, the professional man or woman, and may we uplift and cherish the little child to further and carry on In enjoyment the real, great movement to success. E. G. BARGER. Weight of Floating Dock. PORTLAND. Deo. 1. (To the Edi tor.) To settle a wager, will you kindly answer the following question ia your columns? . i i - tHnf a nail nf water nn a scale will weigh no more with duck floating on top tnan wnnoui. B claims that the duck's own weight will be additional to the weight of the Dall of water. Who is right? W. E. M. All depends on preliminaries. If a pall brimming full of water Is placed on scales and a duck then put on the surface, water equal to the weight of the duck will be displaced ana run th nail. As a result, the out weight Indicated on the scale beam will be unchanged. oui n uutn. nu bucket with water are put on scales at same time and the duck Is later removed, a loss in weight equal to the weight of the duck will be Indicated. What's Doing in Oregon Crowing Up Wltk the Country. Silver Lake Leader. "Grandma" Perguson was 71 years young yesterday. She Is enjoying good health and will soon make final proof on her homestead. Making His Presence Felt, Santiam News. Scott Turner Is catching these striped cats with bushy tails, nowadays, whloh are so numerous In the woods, for the perfume and polts. He must be having good success, as 'he keeps the air well saturated with the perfume. Took 'Em Behind This Time. Redmond Spokesman. Chicken thieves are operating again in the city. Tuesday night a turkey and some chickens were taken from tho chicken yard in the rear of the Oregon Cafe. Chickens have been stolen from this place before. Gloomy Thought From Up-River. Skamania County Pioneer. Two months have been expended by the attorneys In the McNamara trial, now being held In Los Angeles, and a Jury has not yet been secured. What a travesty on Justice this la. It Is such things as this that is bringing our courts into actual disrepute all over tho country. We must have a ohange of Borne kind. If recall of Judges will bring it, then by all means let us have it; or If it takes an entire change ot all our laws and the remodeling of th system, then the law and the system must undergo the change. It Is getting to be strongly suspected that the above trial was gotten up by Los Angeles for advertising purposes. Ye godsl think of It. The oourts of our land used for advertising purposes. If such be true, then it Is high time to change the sys tem. Country Town Sayings by Ed Howe A wise man is one who ha often been deceived. In Winter, If I wear underclothing heavy enough for outdoors, I can't stay In 'the house muoh. When a man gives up a marriage en gagement because the woman is not a member of his church, the real facta are, be wants to get out of it, There probably never was an ugly man who did not excuse his looks by thinking that he was smart enough to make up for bis lack of beauty. Most people are disposed to give both aides when there is only one. Most people have a habit of giving away their sympathy, and keeping their money. "You aggravate me so muoh," a little girl said to her younger brother, "that I'll have no patience left for my own children." At some time In your life, proud as you are, you have probably been an elephant on the hands of some one who didn't know what to do with you. The strongest men, morally, are those who know they cannot afford to do all the mean things they are able to think of; for when It comes to meanness, we all have more vivid Imaginations than are necessary. It is a bold and unusual old soldier who. when addressed as "Colonel," says he is not a Colonel, and never was. Half a Century Ago From Th. Oregonlan. December e, lsAl. Walla Walla News A man by the name of Wiser, from Benton County, took out $5000 In two days in Baboon Gulch, Salmon River diggings. The Washington Statesman made Its first appearance at Walla Walla on Friday last Provisions are very high at Oro Flno. Flour 30o per pound; bacon, sugar and apples 60c per pound. ' Juan do Bourbon formally declines the crown of Mexico. Captain Tlchenor, of this state. In the Indian war on Rogue River In 18B6, Invented a portable boat. Its frame was light and the covering was canvas. It could all be carried by a mule and would sustain ten men In crossing rivers. Colonel R. C Buchanan, of the United States Army, went on to Wash ington and took out a patent for It. Captain Tlchenor was left out In the cold. That boat Is now deemed of great value In the military servloe. Nine men, packers, came down on the Julia with from $50,000 to $60,000 In hand, the result of their Summer's work in the mines. Tracy A Co.'s ex press brought down $45,000. The whole amount which was brought down by the Julia was about $160,000. Mr. Dennlson has returned with his troupe of minstrels. They open . to night at the Willamette Theater with something new and amusing. A good place to spend an hour these long, rainy evenings. Coming down street yesterday we passed two aturdy-looking miners com ing from th assay office with Just about as much gold In bags as they could well carry. The stage has not arrived In this city for the last two days, and of course we have no late news. The . . . . V. ImnnMahlH and It la roaas Buum .... , very likely several days will elapse before we navo an uimi Bow to Get Good Bread. WTLLAMINA, Or.. Dec. 1. (To tht. Editor.) In answer to Ex-Easterner's complaint about the diversity in qual ity and weight in bread It seems proper to suggest to him to patronise only standard bakeries Instead of any bakery Joint. Competition alone Is responsible for all sorts of bread from standard down to crumbly, dry, taste less chunks of worthlessness, because any man or woman, apprentice or good-for-nothing at anything else la allowed to start a bakery. The public, Ex-Easterner claims, la entitled to protection; but only from bakers? Why not also from doctors, druggists, manufacturers, down to -farmers? His demand for uniformity In quality will be realized only in the millennium, when men, countries, and all other things are uniform In quality. CHARLES RHEUDE. Oregon In trie Canal. STANT-IELD, Or., Dec. 1. (To the Editor.) I write to know If there has been any decision made by the Presi dent as to what boat shall pass through the Panama Canal first. Has there been any move made by the people of Oregon to get the battleship Oregon through? If you know that there has not been any done, I would circulate a petition and get the school children of the state to sign it and Bend It to the President. W. T. REEVES. There has been considerable discus sion of the subject, but a campaign to have the Oregon lead through the canal has not taken very definite form. No action has been taken by the Govern ment, nor Is any likely to be taken foi a year or more