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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 25, 1911)
THE ZirORXTN-G OREGONIAX, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 25, 1911. rORTULXD, OREGON. Eot.n.1 ai Port .nd. Ottiofc Postoffiee " , licinii-l'liM Matter. ! fcutacrtsuua feats Invariably BT MAIL.) rIlT. OB(!r Included. ne vae 'J-J La :r. Suadsw Included. sis, rnosihs. ... j.jj Lai. jr. f'jaila included. Ibm snooios.. ' 1 L: r. St-ndar locludsd. on moot.... -7? lal V. srtthout Bunda. OO TT CM H 1 IS Iai.f. ttliout Sunday, si month. . lalJy. without Sunrlar. throa moataa I'aiiy. without MuDda. eaa anottta... tavkljr oaa aar. funilir, oaa yar ............ ausdajr and tWckly. aaa jsar ... I- ... 1 ... J CBT CARRIER.! rat'r. Sondar Included, ana ysar...... ? lai r. Sunday tarluda;. aaa moats..... How to Kaaalt 6oo4 Pootofnca manor ardor, oxproaa ordor or poreona! caoek as oar loco' Mat. Stajnpa, ooln or eurroaco an at tsa aondofa risa. ola postoftlca add rota la full, ireodino eeuaif e4 ' roataar Koloo IS to 14 paiea. 1 coat; IS ta 2t poxoa. X roata; to ta o poaioa. ; 49 ta eo paaoa. a caata. rMt.l poataa aout: rata. k kaolara Bailliat OfHru Vorro Co" l!a Now fork. 1 rgailkt aul.dlas. CaJ aat. otoartr bulldiaa- - ajtoro -NO. Itoioat arrwoa. adoa. rOKTLA.D, 8ATI RDAT. NOV. 1. MIL NO HANGINGS IX OKEOOX. i , Governor West frankly announces hut purpose to abolish capital punlsh- ' ment In Oregon during his term of ofr.ee because "In my opinion." it Is a relic of barbarous and mediaeval ages and not in accordance) with the ; enlightened spirit of the twentieth century- Because that is his opinion ' no other reason the Governor ls- j pus his imperial ukase abrogating the ! law of Oregon making death the only punishment of first-degree murder. The pardoning power was not lodged , with tne executive for the purpose of ! ; filing the policy of a state toward criminals or to defeat the verdict of ' courts or the Judgment of Juries. Tet ' the Governor so uses It. He falls to understand or If he understands he ,' refuses to accept the plain mandate of duty and privilege that the ex alted functVn of altering the sentence " of criminals was as a" measure of pre caution vested with the executive for exercise In rare cas-s where new evi dence mlifht be discovered or other "circumstances transpire to make dif ferent action In a given case advisable and proper. Hut the Governor pur poses to transform the executive cham. b-r Into a court of review for all tnur-d-r trials, and he announces in ad vance what the court's Judgment will , bo. Governor West would not have per mitted the execution of Booth or Gulteau or Cxolgosx or fieattlo. But ( there are cases when even the t most timid" souls ought to agree that the extreme penalty should be visited on a murderer or assassin. It Is a mistake to lay down a hard-and-fast rule for observance in such cases. It Is uns.emly for a Governor to declare that ail murderers who may have been convicted by due process of law shall not be subjected to the only penalty of the law. which Is to te averted only by his intervention. - It seems to The Oregonlan that a Uw which permits a court to fix the penalty for murder at death or life j Imprisonment, as the circumstances of ! a case may warrant, ought to be a proper solution of the controversy be- tween the advocates and opponents of capital punishment. LAWMAKIXQ BI TITLE, In confirmation of the statement often reiterated that the use of the Ini tiative power has been abused in this state and hopeless tasks placed before the voters for performance. The Ore gnnlan a few days ago commented on the remarkable admission by a leader of the People's Power League that he 1 had not studied sufficiently to f-rm an j opinion thereon, a measure which the 5 league presented to the people aid In l dorsed a year ago. Another confirmation of the view that the voters will not expend long t hours In the study of proposed legisla tion may be read In the address de- 4 llvered by Judge W. T. Slater before 1 the State Bar Association. In discuss. Irg the "three-fourths Jury" amend I ment and Its uncertainties. Judge Sla- ter sought to Impress upon the mem- bers of the association the duty of a more active participation in the pro j cess of statute-making. He had this to say: t Hore 1 tho attaatlon: As Important part I of tho conatltutloa of thla atala baa bora a rhanaod. and ao oao. not a on thooa ro 'i p'TO'-hi for tho wording and prooontatloa ' t.r adaption of tha amondmont, oror know ' until artr tho oto waa lakon tnal It ro- p-:od an ontlro arttrlo of thai moat Im . pirtal d'xnimont. t romplotoly wlpod out I portions of tto't iRltrumrnl to wBlrh no ot . .Jrtmn had ovor bora mad, and without . wh:rH It lo Impooatbto for tha Judicial arm rf tha a'ata to ct along oai? tr praaumms tha oYlotrnce of rortaln ooooatlal powora nacaaauy ta Its propor oaorclaa of the func tioaa of tha court. At the time the amendment waa voted on Judge Slater was a member i- of the Oregon Supreme Court and was a candidate for re-eiectlon. If there - .was any one of the thirty-two meas '.J tires before the people In 1)10 that ought to have Interested a man In his '.position. It was the "three-fourths Jury." or "Judicial reform amend ment." Tet Judge Slater, undoubted ." 1;.- speaking for himself as well as oth. m. declares that no one knew until r-fter the vote was taken that the .amendment repealed an entire article -of the constitution. T, As to himself. Judge Slater may be right. As to some others he Is mis taken. The Oregonlan gave consider able prominence to this particular amendment a short time before elec tion. In the course of one s-rtlcla it said: Arttrlo VII of fha proarnt cenatltutlon coo- tata rf twontT-rno a-rtlona. It la propoord tr thla amendment to rawrtta tha artlrla and comprohond a!I tha provlatnns which . era to bo rotaiood la aoron ooctlona. ( - Follownlg this several Important sections thus to be repealed were dls- rassed specifically. On two other oc j Va-ions The Oregonlan published this statement concerning tiie amendment: v i Thla and tho nrr.-rdio amrnilmnl i pro- trtloaal reorrarntatlon I. If a1p:o.l. would r.plara mor than on--half th amrn-lablo portloa of tbo ronatltutlon : la looeljr drama, and vau!d rroale uararlalatT prodlns rourt eonstrurtion lo cartala ana t hod of raj procedure. And yet we are not surprised when Judge Slater says: "Doubtless If the matter had been opportunely looked Into and the proper attention glven to It this uncertainty need not now be so .vexing.' although ne are not at all rertaln that any amount of discussion by the bar would have altered the re sult on this measure. The truth Is. the Issues involved and tha consequences threatened, which were not of enough Interest to such leaders of the bar as Judge Slater to cause them to read the newspaper dis cussions, were decidedly dull and ab struse to the ordinary voter. The vot ers wanted verdicts by t))ree-fourtha of the Jury and they wanted tech- ' nicalltlea swept away in consider ation of appeals. They were told that the amendment would give I ihm ihni,in thinn. They decided I the whole ouestlon and all lt ramifications on the (to them) under standable factors It contained. They did not care for dry discussions of it otht r features. Generally they did not bother to read them. As a matter of fact, all our Initia tive laws are adopted or rejected on I the sole basis of what can be expressed In the titles. Vastly more could there fore be accomplished by a movement to limit the initiative measures to those that ran be Intelligibly ex- a j oaa vfirrU than bv anv ef- jirt !9t J 1 ' " " " - fort to awnkrn the bar or pet. pie to the need for more active participation In the proje of statute-making:. In passing, we do not mind letting Judge Slater and the Bar Association Into a scret imparted to us by Mr. ITRen. chief public sponsor for the ornontmont UTlliPT dlSCUSSlOn. Th6 measure was prepared, says ITKen. by a then and , now tlce of the Supreme Court. ormo iu-ht asxUtance and Mr. SUg- I gestlon from an . eminent member of the Portland bar. vtiu not aomw V 1 111: ...u - - i.o -nH in the law and chary of a constitutional limitations expound little on " separation oi joru i we not here that dreaded uniting ave of legislative ana juuicmi lumuum. -A SACK Or POTATOES," ETC. rt.- aorma a aa-k nf notatoea. dosen eggs, a bushel of.apples. a box of tomatoes, a basnet oi grapes, ruj -a.. Kovo nttia nr no alsmlAcance 1 the matter of weight to the purchaser. They are about as aennite as ino nouan wife's directions to the amateur In regard to the proper size for dough n..t "ao K:ir aa a lumn of chalk and as long as a stick"; or to the very common order to tne outcner oi i v. i . .w .i.ib ' nr "some meat. It Is to this utter lack of definite con ception of quantities that a large part nf tha atnanwl of Uvlnar of which we hear and feel so much is due. "A sack of potatoes" may or may not mean 100 pounds: "a doxen eggs" means twelve eggs, it Is true, but there are ega and eggs, as every housewife knows who docs her own baking. The weight of "two bits' worth of steak" varies, as every one knows, with the slip of the butcher's knife. These rep resent the American. . perhaps we should say the Western, slipshod wars of doing things, which must be cor rected before we get down to a real business basis In every-day transac tions that Is represented by a system of honest weights and measures. In pursuance of this object the Gro cers' Association has decreed that "a sack of potatoes" must weigh 100 pounds. This still leaves the house wives who purchase from vendors of farm products at the mercy of the sell ers, since they have no means of know ing whether they get full weight or not i la anmothlna. however, to know that "a sack of potatoes," to be entitled, to the name ana tne price asked "by the sack." must weigh 100 pounds and that the purveyor caught peddling them by the sack at market quotations below that weight are lia ble to prosecution, and, upon convic tion, to fine. JtAXKIXO. - The attention of the dvlllxed world la drawn to Nanking, the ancient capi tal of China, and a city that for more than J000 years has occupied a place In the history of the empire 'under various names. Klng-IIng was the most ancient of these. After that, un der the Han dynasty 20 B. C. to ZS A. D.). It was called Tan-yang; by tho Tang Emperors (618-907 A- D ). " wa called Klang-nan and Shlng-Chow; by the first sovereign of the Ming dynasty It was called Nan-king "Southern Capital" and later Tlng-feen. It was "a city In the past tense" even during the Ming dynasty, and was Invaded and practically destroyed by the Tal plng rebels In 1853. The present city, rebuilt sine that period, was long the great manufacturing city of China. Its peaceful Industries have, however, given place largely to the production of the thews and sinews of war, the city being in a manufacturing sense a great and growing arsenaf. Its pos session Is therefore at the present time a matter of great and almost supreme Importance to the contending forces of the empire. The location of this important city ancient In history, modern In an In. d us trial, or perhaps It should be said In a military sense Is about 114 miles west of Shanghai, and Is about equi distant between Canton and Pekln. It is located on the south bank of the Tangtse Klang River, and is said by Chinese topographers to have been In the days of Its ancient greatness sur rounded by a wall thirty-two miles In circumference, about seventy feet high, thirty feet at the base and pierced by thirteen gates. But a small portion of this gigantic wall now re mains, and were it intact It would be useless for the purpose for which It was built that of protection from In vasion or the necessity of capitulation. ' Modern Nanking, If the term mod ern can be applied to anything In China, In aggregate Is a city of be tween 400. Q00 and (00.000 population. Its arsenal Is superintended by Euro peans, but the labor there, as else where In the empire, is performed by swarming myriads of plodding, uncom plaining Chinese. The threatened bombardment of the arsenal city by the revolutionists Is expected to begin with the arrival of ten warships now on the way up the great Tangtse Kl ang. which half encircles It from east to south. Though heavily fortified. It has no chance of holding out for any length of time against the equipment of the modern Chinese navy and Its fall may be a signal for rapine and carnage equal to that which followed the victory of the Talplng rebels. The latter carried tha city by assault In 18&S. Indulged In the Indiscriminate' massacre of the Inhabitants, razed all of the national monuments and the more conspicuous public buildings and a great part of its magnlUcent ancient wall. This part of the history of Nanking Is relatively modern. A feature of It was the destruction of the famous porcelain tower, which was designed by the Emperor Tung-Io (1403-2$) to perpetuate the memory of his mother. Quaint beyond the conception of modern architecture: magnificent In construction and elaborate In detail, its exquisite beauty might have been expected to preserve it even from van. dajtsm let loose by barbarous conquest. But the Talplng rebels were as stoical In this regard as they were obdurate to cries for mercy, and the pagoda an octagon of glittering white porce lain, about ISO feet high fell before their insane delight In conquest. The present city, if It falls, will pre. sent no such spoils to Its conquerors. What Is of much mors Importance, however, to the success of the war which tha revolutionists are waging amlmt I m nerlallsm are the SDolls of aggressive warfare that will, in this event fall Into their hands. As a hive of industry, the products of which are the Implements and accessories of modern warfare, the capture of the an cient capital of China will be a stag gering blow to a dynasty that now seems tottering to its fall. The fall of Nanking in 1853 and Its recapture from the Talplng rebels in 1864 meant little to the world outside of the tur bulent empire. The fall of Nanking today will have a significance to the civilized world beyond the confines of the Chinese empire, since it will signal success to a revolutionary party in China which stands for progress and will make thla victory a stepping-stone to what still seems an Impossible goal the goal of liberty In far Cathay. ROOSEVELT A-VD TUB TRC8T9. No recent discussion of the trusts has caused such a stir in the East as Theodore Roosevelt's article In the Outlook on "The Trusts. thevPeople and the Square Deal." Although those New York papers which became his bitterest enemies during his Adminis tration because of his attacks on rich offenders against the law cannot re frain from crowing over what they call his conversion to their views, they welcome him as a recruit to their forces in the fight with President Tart. His plea for regulation instead of de struction of the trusts Is held by those who approve and those who condemn to be a bid for nomination for Presi dent. This, In the face of his repeated declarations that no true friend of his will mention his name In that connec tion. While glad of his aid the pro trust newspapers still hate Roosevelt. The Democratic papers hall with Joy his declaration as confirming all that they have ever said against him and hate him the more. The New York Times, which Is Democratic but pro-trust, says that Colonel Roosevelt's article Is to be re garded "as a public proclamation that he refuses to be held responsible for any acts of the President he chose as his heir, and as a plain notice that he Is very much at odds with the Ad ministration." It also says: Soma will eonatroa It aa Mr. Rooaovelfs way of sayinc to tho country that thla time thrr aha!! cot take Tall, but muat take him. But the Times. takes pleasure In Mr. Roosevelt's having come around to Its view, which it thus states: It la not capitalization: It ! not mere Manraa; It la nothlns whatavar lava sullty lirartlrra that maka a truat irullty. arrra with Mr. Roosevelt that policy which anna to Inflict punlahmrnt upon mrro forma or upon mora size ta 'chaotlc.', Mora ttian that. It la aonreiraa. It la oitra:ou:r un juat and harmful, alnra It mnkra no discrim ination -bat k an guilt and Nnnooanca. Tha wrongful practlco. tha pracllpo that any hon oat merchant would condemn, tha practlcea of which tha Tobacco truat and tho Standard Oil truat vera sullty theaa axa tha ghinga upon which prohlbllloni and penaltlea ahouid bo vlaltrd. Wa siva our unqualified ap proval to Mr. Roootoelra averment that wa muat put an and to tha period of sroplns and doclara for a fixed, policy a policy which will clearly define and punlah wrong 1nln. which ahall put a atop to tha Inlqul rlra dona In tha name of bualneaa. but which shail do otrlct equity to bualneaa. We de mand that bis bualneaa give tha people a equare deal: In return wa muat lnolst that when anyone engaged In big bualneaa hon earty endeavora to do right, be ahall himself ba given a aquara deal." The Times agrees heartily with Mr. Roosevelt's assertion that "the days of unlimited and uncontrolled" competi tion" are over, but it disagrees with him as to the necessity of Federal con trol over organization and capitaliza tion. It says the Government already has abundant power, that no amend ment of the law and no new law is needed, but that what Is needed, is "an Intelligent, reasonable and firm use of the powers conferred by existing law." It sees In Mr. Roosevelt's and Mr. Bryan's trust articles progress toward a clearer understanding of the prob lem. The New York Evening Post says the Roosevelt article "In business cir cles has brought about a wonderful change of the atmosphere In Its rela tion to the Colonel." Referring to the Indorsement of the article by the American Manufacturers' Association at the same time that It condemns the parcels post. It says: Tha juxtaposition of theae two expreastona of aontlmont by the aama body ausgeata a lata of weird expertencoo likely to ba gone through by tha Nation If a Rooeevelt boom ahoulJ get fairly launched, with truat forcee and progreeetve forcee trying to pull together In makinr It a go. The New York World says that In Roosevelt Wall street "finds a new champion a new safe and sane candi date for President," and then gives the counts which make up this Indict ment. It says of him: Mr. Rooeevelt la palpably a candidate, and bia extraordinary political gonlua haa aet for ttee:f the taak of bringing about a coalition b-twoen the antl-Taft progree!vea In tho Weet and the antl-Taft plutocrata In Wall atreet. Of thla coalition he expecte to bo tha beneficiary; Mr. Rooevctl 1 not given to dlalntorootod political effort. The oountry may aa well face tha fact that ha Is eeektng a third term not In tha open manner of an avowed candidate, but by tha Indirect pro ceea of making Taft's ranomlnatlon Impoa el Me. Tha World recalls Roosevelt's rela-tlons-wlth Morgan and Harrlman and says he "would be the logical Morgan candidate for President In 4912." The Brooklyn Eagle ridicules the World's Indictment, especially the charge that Rooeevelt Is conspiring with Wall street to secure a third term, and says: There la not tha least likelihood ttiat tha htgheot office In tha gift of the people will be atolen nrxt year: that a burglar will In vade tho White Houee. Nor la It alwaye ad. tloMa to cultivate tha friendship of Wall atreet. which la eometlmea expensive. Ile-aid-a, Mr. Hooaevelt may not want a third term. Should that prove to be tha case, what wou'.d become of tha long Hat of In dictments T It would look foolish. A parallel between the state of pub lic opinion on the trust question now and on the money question before the Republican party took up the sound- money banner Is drawn by tho New York Globe, which says: It la a moat significant thing significant of tha rapid change of publlo opinion that Colonel Roosevelt abould deem the time rlpa to ceaaa paltering with the trust problem and maka a serious and honeet attempt tq eolva it. . . Colonel Roosevelt hag sensed thla condition of the publla atmos phere and thue again appears as a leader, whereaa ha la but aa Intelligent follower end Interpreter. The Chicago Inter-Ocean calls the Roosevelt article a bid for a third term and suggests Roosevelt and La Follette as the ticket under the cap tion: "This might help some." It says Roosevelt makes "a naked pro posal that the American people shall sell their birthright of freedom for the price of a few yearv" business peace"; that he asks us to deliver into the hands of the President's ap pointees the power of life and death over our business and livelihoods and that "apparently some Esaus of Wall street are ready to sell the birthright of us all for a mess of pottage." In favor of Its suggested Presiden tial ticket It says: With these gentlemen aa the recognised Insurgent eanoldatee. both the Insurgents and the country would ha saved a lot of trouble. And the political altuatlon would be wonderfully cleared. Tho Insurgents would ba saved the naln of screwing their courage to tha atlcklng point of eetttng forth soma definite state ment of principle In addition to raising Cain all the ttrao. And lbs voters generally would Know pre cisely what they were voting for or against In voting for or against those gentlemen. For ih.. Koth .Tnhodv and are the whole So cialistic bag of tricks. Both atand for the ideal that wa should authorlxe the appointees of whatever man might happen to be President .to do all our thinking for us, be keepers of our consciences and so all be happy In having nothing to do but obey orders ana pay taxes. By all means let ua have another insurgent the Insurgent ticket. Then wo shall all . know where wa are. . By the Chicago Evening Post the ex I President's words are said to point the ' way out of a situation that was be ' coming more and more intolerable. It , continues: There la but one right method to settle thla great question It la natural rather than strange that both progressive and con servative should eventually approximate an Agreement as to that method. More than that. It la almost the best guaranty oi too Tightness it tha method that Roosevelt and Me bitterest peraonal foea agree upon IU 6uch agreement must be duo to tha ln aiatent preaaure of economlo truths. The programme the Post recom mends Is a Federal Incorporation act and amendment of the Sherman law or. if amendment be impossible, its repeal. Roosevelt Is referred to by the In dianapolis News as "Wall street's can didate for the Republican nomination for President" and it says his dec laration "brings Big Business and So cialism Into each other's loving em brace and reveals how close Indeed, are the alms of complete capitalistic absolutism and the dreams of a So cialistic state." Gary might have writ ten Roosevelt's platform, it says, for Government v regulation, he reasons, means that "the Government must un derwrite all of the J720.000.000 of watered steel stock by fixing prices that will yield a 6 or C per cent annual return on all 'capital " This, It says, would be "Just like changing all of, Big Business' water of all kinds Into Government bonds." It adds: On the other band, what a great atep this would be for our Socialist friends! How they must cbuckle! Mr. Roosevelt may be Wall street's candidate, but none not even Mr Morgan a man. Judge Gary could ba so enthusiastic over the whole plan aa can the radical comrades who rraltxe that all that Is necessary for their victory Is the carrying out of such a centralisation by which Mr. Morgan would become absolute temporarily. Mr. Drba may not say It aloud, but he cer tainly aeconda tha Wall atreet nomination. The Democratic Baltimore Sun deprecates making trust regulation a question of partisan politics and says: It should be treated In a dlspasalonate and patriotic manner, without paeelon or prejudice, and with a sincere desire to pro mote trade and so defeat the designs of those who attempt to restrain trade. The Sun finda-objectlon to Bryan's plan of handling trusts and summar izes Roosevelt's proposals with seem ing approval. Roosevelt's sanctioning of the Ten nessee Coal & Iron deal Is held by the Springfield Republican to detract from his discussion of the trust question, but it says: No one need question his sincerity in this matter. The suggestion that he la now using the trust agitation for selfish political purposes Is endoubtedly rubbish. The New York American says of the Outlook article: - His long article on Taft and the trusta must be considered either aa a sharp attack on the Administration of President Taft and l Intended to make the President's nomination Impossible, or else aa a bid tor the auppon of "big buslneas" for Mr. Roosevelt's own political aspirations for a third term. In the latttrr view ho has made another of bla periodical and astonishing mistakes. It declares that the record will abundantly sustain the following an alysis of Roosevelt's position which It quotes from Hearst's article in Tire World of Today: The Roosevelt method la to divide tho trusts into good trusts and Into bad trusts and to go to extreme lengths In assailing those that were declared, by him to be tha bad trusta. and to equally extreme and some times Illegal lengths In aiding and protect ing thoae that were declared by htm to be the good trusts. Hut the good trusts and the bad trusts of Mr. Roosevelt had no dif ferentiation In economics, but only In poll tica. The rood trusts were the trusts that aupported Mr. Roosevelt'and the bad trusts were the trusts that politically opposed Mr. Roosevelt. The University of Oregon is unfor tunate In having lost by a tragical deafh one of Its freshmen. Virgil No land was a young man of pleasing dis position and promising future. He waa an only child, and had been care fully reared. But like most boys away from home for the first time he was not skilled In the care of his body. Football training was not conducive In bis case to robustness of body nor to a knowledge In the care of It. He did therefore a very Imprudent thing In donning an electric bathrobe, lying down and going to sleep in It. The penalty for this Indiscretion or lack of knowledge In this particular matter was shocking. The tribute exacted was that of a promising young life. His parents. Judge and Mrs. George Noland, of Klamath Falls, have wide sympathy in a calamtly that has lit erally "left their house unto them des olate." The loyalty of the student body to their late comrade, a grief stricken faculty and a shocked and sympathetic community, are tender, human adjuncts to a case of unusual sadness in family and university annals In the state. The question Judge Tazwell is asked to decide: "What Is the weight of a sack of potatoes?" is no easier to an swer than the old conundrum "How long is a piece of string?" The only way out Is to buy potatoes by the pound and weigh the sack. Beattle's confession has the merit of silencing those who would otherwise have maintained to their dying day that they knew the facts better than the Jury which heard all the evidence and convicted him. Lady Decles having cultivated the English accent during her stay In England. Lord Decles should cultivate the American while in America. Then "honors will be easy." When men who know their business pay 3325,000 . for a site for another theater In Portland, we must conclude thla Is a good "show town." Water is more effective than bullets In cooling the frenzy of a mob and It gives the Industrial Workers who never work a needed bath. Seattle never enjoyed a bath as much as It will enjoy the first one after the water famine. Very likely the people in charge' of the McLean baby do not let It get dirty enough to be healthy.- Plumes may be a necessary of Ufa J to some women, but are such women necessary? By the way, what of tha strike that absorbed public Interest a few weeks ao? - ' ' The man. who would kill his wife must come to Oregon. Beattle made the mistake of his life In living In Virginia, Keep the Jawsmltha moving. Gleanings of the Day War on tipping hae been opened by Frank .Kimball, manager of the Con tinental Hotel at Philadelphia, and three other hotels in that city have followed hie example. He annulled a contract with a New York company , which had the checking privilege, and put his own employes to work at a llv- lng wage, with discharge as the penalty of receiving tips. How little benefit the recipient of a tip gets from it and how completely it is an Insidious over- : charge by his employer, can be seen I when it Is stated that the New York company paid boys $4 a week. Bet them to work In suits which had no pockets, and required them to drop all tips In a box placed In the cloakroom for the purpose. The tip box has been abolished. Musical stars can no longer count on immunity from adverse criticism when they go on what Is called "the kero sene circuit." They have been accus tomed to assume that the Inhabitants of small towne would be so overjoyed to hear them that they need not do : their best or look their best. The ! Emporia (Kan.) Gazette complains , that the leading soloist in the normal lecture course, although ."introduced as America's greatest tenor, possibly did not care to show his best on the kero sene circuit," and adds: His appearance, anticipating from tha ad vance carda. was ' disappointing. He had shaved hie mustache. It waa not a Judlcloua mora, rile manner, however waa gracloua, and the audience appreciated hia attempta to amlle. If this la to be taken aa a precedent, soloists must both sing and look their best wherever they appear, whether it be In New York or In the small, but cultured, cities of Kansas. Those who complain of the trifle of about 40 Inches of rainfall a year which we have in Oregon should go to Panama and learn contentment. InL the Canal Zone the average rainfall for the calendar year ,1910 was 90.83 Inches in the Pacific section, 129.18 inches in the central section, and 157.86 Inches In the Atlantic 1 section. The average number of rainy days was 220 in the Pacific section. 271 In the central section, and 292 In the-Atlantic, section, the greatest number being S44 at Monte Llrlo and the least 211 at Balboa. Not only Is there several times as much rain In that tropical country as In Western Oregon; there are as many rainy days in some sections and more in others. ' Dr. Simon Flexner, of the Rockefeller Institute for medical Research has at last felt Justified in announcing that he has discovered a serum which cures cerebro-spinal meningitis and by which the lives of 10.000 children a year may be 'saved In the United States. Even If John D. Rockefeller's fortune should exceed the generally accepted estimate of $500,000,000, this -discovery effected by a small part of it, by which the shadow of death may be prevented from falling over thousands of homes, may be considered by the parents worth the whole of it. Dr. Flexner's task In making this discovery was long and expensive, for he said: It haa taken a large sum of money and a long time to perfect this cure. This Is the first time I have announced It. as only very recently have I demonstrated to my own satisfaction that the serum I have ore pared will do what I claim for It. Influenza meningitis In tile child, which haa caused so many deaths and which spreads so rap idly, will, with the application of this new form of treatment that we have discovered, be not one-tenth aa dangerous as it was before the discovery of thla new serum and method of treating such a disease. The serum, explained Dr. Flexner, they had never been able to get Into the blood of a patient Infected with meningitis. All experiments were tried to endeavor to get thexserum Into the blood so that It could overcome the bacilli of the disease. At last the Injection of the serum Into the cerebro-eptnal membrane was tried and tha experiments proved wonderfully auccessful. M. C GEORGE AT THE LAXD SHOW Comments of Interest of States and Railroads Found Illustrated. CHICAGO, Nov. 20. (To the Editor.) The real community of interests be tween transportation lines and the de velopment of the states through which they run, was never more strikingly manifested than In the land show now in progress In this city. I have greatly enjoyed the first two days of this exhibit. The Harrlman and the Hill systems are doing here a vluable service to our Western States by their displays of our vast resources the distribution of useful informa tion, and their admirable picture shows that run each day from 1 to 10 P. M. In large rooms filled constantly to overflowing by Interested visitors. The publicity advertising of reliable commercial bodies, and the display of our wonderful productions, tend to fill an average Oregonlan with the greatest pride over our successes, and with unbounded hopefulness in our near future. Illinois has millions of people. It Is a great state, and is grldlroned with railroads, and yet Eastern Oregon alone has an unpeopled and an unde veloped section as largo nearly as Illinois, but with' Oregon's Incompara ble ollmate and wonderful resources of every kind and description: yet wlth OMt a railroad in it except the Hill and the Harrlman lines Just entering that section and all tributary, by the way, to Portland. Eastern eyes are now centered on Portland, and on Oregon. Washington anl idaho, and generally on all the western slope of the Rockies, from California to British. Columbia; and with the oomp'.etlon of the Panarr.i Canal, years of remarkable growth, expansion and progress are as certain as the rise of the sun to meridian splendor. M. C GEORGE. Scholarships. PORTLAND. Nov. 23. (To the Edi tor.) What Is meant by winning a scholarship to a college and what must one do to win one? HIGH SCHOOL SENIOR. A scholarship is a foundation or al lowance for the support of a student in college or it may be to aid under graduates or graduates in the further pursuit of their studies. One should select the scholarship he desires to attain, learn the conditions and then try for it, . Where, to Bur Umbrella. CORVALLIS, Or., Nov. 23. (To the Editor.) Will you please tell me the address of one of the umbrella stores, for I can't find their advertisements In the paper? SUBSCRIBER. All department stores, haberdashers and most Jewelry stores carry umbrel las. The large department stores have umbrella repair departments. Builders' Majraalne. HILLSBORO, Or., Nov. 23. (To the Editor.) Will you kindly tell me if the magazine The American Builder,, is still published, and where? J. Ft CHAMBERS. The American Builder, a monthly magazine. Is published la Chicago. Price 2 per year. ' EFFORT ALL EXPEXDED tS - TALK. Mr. Ward Thinks Uirjers Should Act In Reforming Court Procedure. PORTLAND. Nov. 23. (To the Edi tor.) For a good many years, at each meeting of the State Bar Association, they have passed resolutions and made long winded speeches relative to our present method of court procedure. They have set forth the various alleged defects as to delay and as to methods usually employed by lawyers in the conduct of cases in court, but I have yet to hear or learn that any of the gentlemen have made effort In a busi ness-like manner to bring about a re form In any of the matters complained of, and the public or that portion of the public that are so unfortunate as to be engaged In litigation In the courts are yet waiting for relief. Let us see how some of this delay comes about. The first action some of our distinguished legal lights take when the papers of the adverse party Is received Is to make a microscopical ex amination thereof, in much the Bame manner as Phineas Fopg would do, or like one looking for a needle In a hay stack, to see if he can find a negative pregnant, or some other technical de fect. If he finds any such he will pro ceed to fiddle and saw away for some weeks between the court and the of fice of the attorney for the adverse arty. Later they may get the matters down to a trial, which Is usually after at least some further delay as a matter of courtesy to the other lawyer. In the meantime the client Is waiting to have his affair adjusted. In our Justice courts years ago one could state his cause and obtain his relief. How Is it now? Procedure In our Justice courts is conducted in al most the same manner as In our circuit court, A system of rules have been adopted whereby a litigant has to em ploy a lawyer (probably from Philadel phia), to conduct his case for him, and there is about as much delay there as in the higher court. What is the rem edy for all this? The lawyers have been accused of working up ana arranging these rules and modes of procedure for their own benefit and profit in the end. There is no doubt that .the public look upon these rules and modes of procedure In our court as an Impenetrable barrier between them and the proper adjust ment of their rights in our courts. Al though at this time they are helpless to bring about a change, some day they will rise to the occasion and regulate these matters In much the same manner as they amended our state constitution by direct vote. Let our brother law yers, in the language of the street, "come off the roof" and regulate these matters themselves before a waive of a direct vote regulates these defects for them. ' . W. S. WARD. .VIVISECTIOX AID TO SCIENCE Writer Quotes English Surgeon 1st Ar Kument Against Practice. PORTLAND, Nov. 23. (To the Ed itor.) As a citizen and friend of the dumb animals, I am very proud of our Mayor, who has come forth and op posed vivisection. Anyone who has been through a medical course can tes tify to the reckloss and cruel manner In which "medics" handle animals hey vivisect. By destroying a certain nerve they can torture as much as they like and the animal can make no outcry, but they suffer all the agony. Vivisection Is nothing new in Port land. I personally know of two young men who, last Winter, bought dogs and experimented upon them without an anesthetic. There Is a vast differ ence between the anatomy of man and the dog, although both are the, mani festation of the universal life. Dr. Snow, a recent visitor to this country and a scientist and professor In Brompton Hospital, . London, is a strong antl-vlvlsectlonls't. He says that the sub-animal kingdom is so vastly different from man that no useful de duction to the one can be made by ex periment on the other.- Thus, cats and rabbits are poisoned by lemonade; salt kills chickens; prus- slc acid can be given to horses with Impunity; rabbits eat deadly nightshade and goats thrive on tobacco and hem lock; one grain of morphine will kill a man, but a pigeon oan take 12 grains. Dr. Snow is also bitter against sera. He says that no serum can be kept more than two or three days without a powerful preservative, like carbollo acid, lysoL iodine or formaline. Cruelty to animals Is productive of much of the suffering in this world. The cruelty practiced upon them through the ignorance and greed of men, the decrees of fashion and upon the plea of meat as a necessity for food react upon those who prey upon their fellow creatures and .help to keep he doctors busy. I trust that our City Pound will even tually be turned over to the Humane Society, as Is the custom in most large cities. D. M. White Coal for 80O-Mlle Road. Manchester Ouardlan. About 300 miles of railroads are be ing built in the Pyrenees, Spain. These railroads are to be operated by elec trlclty, which will be furnished from water power stations In the mountains. Power will be supplied at a voltage of 55,000, which will be stepped down to 12,000 volts for the trolley wires. The locomotives will be provided wlth tranformers for further reduction to 235 volts. "THE THANKSGIVING TURKEY." How often I think of tho dinners I relished When I was a youngster, far back on the farm: How often, by time and by distance embellished. The thoughts of those dinners my memory charm. But the Thanksgiving dinner, the best of all dinners. Whose sumptuous bounty I sadly re call. Embraced every good thing for salntB and for sinners, The thanksgiving turkey, the fat. iulcv turkey. The well-seasoned turkey was best of them all! The 'possum was sweet; the potatoes around it Were simply delicious, the gravy was fine; The pies and puddings were great, and l rouna it A source of much pleasure, those cranberries, fine; I tasted the dainties, the cakes were the rarest: The custards the best that my mother could maice; But better than these, and I love it the dearest. Was Thanksgiving turkey, the brownest she'd bake; The well-seasoned turkey,, that kept me awake. But, now that the days of my boyhood have ended. My youthful career Is a thing of the past My feet far away from the farm-house have wended ' And landed me here in the city at last. I'm seated today at a boarding house table. Where hash Is the principal food that we eat. And memories of boyhood seem more like a fable . Than something that once was real ity sweet. Oh, I'yearn for the turkey, one slice of the turkey The Thanksgiving turkey, that noth ing could beat. ROT WESLEY ASBTJRY, Ocean Park, Wash. THE OPEN SEASON Br Dean Collins. He gaily threw his paper, byi; Qouth he, "Hand me my gun. For I am going down the street Tohave a bit.. of fun.". -He oiled tb.e chamber till It spun. Slipped In each cartridge, one by one. And trimmed the weapon with a will; "Now I'll go down the street and kill." I sat aghast, "Wherefore," I, "This sudden shooting .spirit?" Have you forgot the noose and chair; Or have you ceased to fear lt7" He laughed in glee. "They're out of date. 'TIs open season in the state. And one may safely go and bore The man he feared to shoot before." "Some men have faces I don't like; From some I want their cash; And some have hurt my feelings till I yearn their heads to smash. Thus far I feared to shoot and rob Because the noose was on the Job; But now I do not care a speck I'll shoot, and still can save my neck." He spun the gun;-"Who would not dare To slaughter "round a bit. When lifelong lodging and free board Ar"e the reward for It? One time, the noose there was the rub. Now nothing but free room and grub. My sentence, so I read today. Is commuted, ere I slay." ' "Hooray! Hoorayl Oo get a gun, A knife or club or spike. And we'll go down the street and get The fellows we don't like; For it Is writ. The noose and chair Are banished frfim the state fof fair. Poor gunmen must not be oppressed.' So let us shoot and honor West." Dean Collins, Portland, November 24. Country Town Sayings by Ed Howe Mean old Rockefeller has been able to do more good with his' left hand than some of us good men have been able to do with our right; and that Isn't fair, either. a Hope Is pleasant even when we know there Is nothing in It, There can be nothing eo evil that opinion is all on one side; in every dis cussion there are usually nine on a side, as in a ball game. We all like to go to Chicago, but' how wicked the town Is! The poorer the woman, the greater her longing to make a trip abroad. Some doctors profess to believe In hypnotism, although they say only a few can be Influenced by It. But chloroform will put to sleep everyone who smells it. A man who has a present need not worry much about the future; you oan't spend the money you are going to make. ' In many newspaper offices, the long way of telling an incident Is' regarded as editorial. TO find fault with a man hurts him more than a dozen compliments will cheer him. , A nervy man is seldom called down; It is modest people who get the Insults. UNCLE SAM SHOULD BD COHTEJJT Having Improved Livestock, He Should Let Humana Alone, Argues Writes. PORTLAND, Nov. 23. (To the Edi tor.) In an editorial of reoent date The Oregonlan oommenda our Govern ment taking upon Itself the authority of recommending health and hygiene rules for children, as the Department of Agriculture now does for livestock. . Regarding this may I be permitted to . point out a few objections thereto? One great difference in caring for cattle or for children lies In the fact that the children have parents capable of caring for them which livestock has not. There is no set rule for "hygiene." as doctors or even the school do not agree,- to say nothing of the doctors of different schools. For the Government to pramima to dictate In the matter of hearTh laws any more than In mat ters of religion would be a backward step as regards American liberty. For any one school of medicine to force its theories upon the public by attempting to deal with the publlo school children would be usurping of authority that would be little short of tyranny. Outside of our quarantine laws, our pure food laws and the proper ventila tion and sanitation of public buildings the Government has nothing to do with the lives of its individuals. The de partment has done excellent work In raining the standard of produce and livestock. Let It rest content with that and not attempt to infringe upon the rights of the people by dictating as to their personal habits. . F. R. G. SPECIAL FEATURES of the Cii,... SUNDAY OREGONIAN "Hands Up!" The remark able story of a convict who turned evangelist at 48, after a life of crime. What Is Life? An important discussion on the deepest of mys teries by Dr. Thompson, eminent medical scientist who takes issue with Danvin and Huxley. Where Stalks the Specter of Poverty An illustrated half page on horrifying conditions among London's poor. Our Day of Thanks Some thing about its history and present-day proclamation. Cradle Bethrothals W here couples are betrothed while still in their infancy. Illustrated.- Campaigning With Jeb Stnart A Portland veteran who served for the Confederacy, tells of ex periences with famous Southern cavalry leader. Montaque Glass Author of the Potash and Perlmutter tales, writes a splendid short stpry -on a shrewd grocer -who collected all. his bills through novel methods. Dorothy Deere, a typical, ir resistible little American girl, makes her initial appearance as successor to the Widow Wise. Sambo, Slim Jim, Hairbreadth Harry and Mrs. Timekiller have new exploits and pretty Miss Anna Belle develops a whole half page of . multi-colored "cut-out" clothes. i Many .Other Special reaturea.