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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 9, 1911)
TIIE MORNING OREGONIAN, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 9, 1911. PORTLAT. OREGOV. Entered at Portland. Oregon. Postofflce aa Scood-Cla Matter. . Subscription Kates Invariably In Advanca. (BY MAIL.) .. - . . . 1.00 lai:. Eanaar inciuaea. one jw-..".-.- Dartjr. Sunday Included, six months. f rr anuria tn.litrid three rnontni... -zz Daily. Sunday Included, one month.. Daily, without Sunday, one year...... Daily, without Sunday, six month'.. . Daiiy. without Sunday, three montha. Dal y, without Sunday, one month...- 5 6.00 8.25 1.78 .) . 150 weekly, one year - Sunday, one yeaf J'T-, Banday and Weekly, one year a o" (BT CARRIER.) Daliy. Sunday Included, one year.. -M Daily. Sunday Included, one month ' Mow ta Remit Send Postofflce money order, express order or personal check on your local bank. Stampe. cole or currency are at the seeder's risk. Glva postofflce v address In full. lncludlns county and state. Postatre Rate 10 to 14 pare. 1 cent: 18 to 24 pages. 1 eenta; 80 to 40 pages. S centa; 4 to 60 pi(M. 4 cents. Foreun postage doub.e rate. aaarern xsusioe unices errq !in New York. Brunswick building. Chl tiro. Sieger building. ' ' rOBTLA"D, SATCKDAT, SEPT. . 1911. WHAT SBCRETART FISHER' FOU"D. ., I Secretary "Ilsher has returned from Alaska with a mass of misconceptions 'about that territory brushed away land a true conception formed of the J wealth of that territory and of what (is needed to secure its development. After being duly Impressed with tho 1 grandeur of Its scenery, he has had a taste only a Blight one of Alaskan 'life by tramping like a sourdough, by j climbing some of the minor peaks to Jrlew the coal veins, by entering pros- pect tunnels to see the thickness of 5 the veins, by encountering storms in that wonderful Controller Bay which lis not a bay. by heart-to-heart talks Jwith the men who have gone to this Ultima Thule to dig out fortunes. He J Is equipped as have been none of his 'predecessors to tell Congress what is !the matter with Alaska and what is .tjje remedy. Alaska's wonderful coal deposits nave shrunken considerably on closer . view. A veln-of coal on the Cunning Bam group of claims which has been ' Heralded as forty-four feet thick is found to pinch to three Inches within 4 hundred yards. Naturally the pros pector, with his accustomed enthu jasm, told only of tho forty-four feet 4nd said nothing of the three inches. Me may be compared to the man with 4 sawmill to sell who said It was on a stream with an average of twenty fet of water, the fact being that In some places the water was forty feet deep and In others three Inches shal low. Mr. Fisher found a vein of anthracite coal ten feet thick, but so shattered as to be marketable only m the shape of briquette. Of what doubtful value this lsv can be con delved from the fact that even In the anthracites region of Pennsylvania, Kith a great market close at hand, "brtquettlng of slack coal has not made much headway. He found another vein shattered and varying In thickness from fifty inches- to six feet and another so badly contorted that the tunnel occasionally runs entirely outside of the coal. In sttort, he found that the coal miner in 'Alaska will have to face many new pijoblems and take great risks that soime unforeseen contingency may r&nder his whole 'investment worth less. He must have realized the truth of the saying of an Alaska -pioneer who, speaking of tho confused geo logical conditions of that country, re marked: "The Almighty started to nfake a great country up there, but forgot to finish it." It Is Into such a country that the tiuggenheims have built a railroad at an expense of J20.000.000 to tap only TO per cent of the coal area for the purpose of obtaining fuel for the rail eroad. steamships and the copper con centrator and smelter they have pro jected. The embargo placed on de velopment has restricted ' traffic to 5 wo trains a week, which will not go far to earn interest on J20, 000.000. !rhls Is the blight which Gifford Pln Jhot and his associates will find they tiave put on Alaska through their conservation gone mad and their Indiscriminate cry of fraud and rnonopoly. I Mr. Fisher "will have a vivid recol lection' of the merits of Controller hay as a harbor, for. there he had to camp on the beach and make an all- night tramp when his launch-could not reach the cutter Tahoma. He found that. Instead of Ryan, having the key to the Bering River coal field, teT are half a dozen keys. He found the so-called harbor so exposed to the sea that the branch of the Guggenheim railroad had been aban doned after seven miles had been btrtlt and that the rival Bruner proj ect had been abandoned after its .1100,000 breakwater had been swept away by the sea.' Mr. Fisher's course proves that he has approached the greatest task of his department, with an open mind and with a' determination to do Jus tice, so far as It lies within his power, and to recommend justice, so far as it lies within the power of Congress. He listened with endless patience to the pleas of men who had staked claims for themselves, not as dum mies, and he heartened them with the promise that ail such men should ob tain patents. The fulfillment of that promise will be the first step in re moving the embargo on Alaska development. ABCSXXO TUB PARDOXXXO POWER. Abuse of the pardoning .power is declared by District Judge Steele to be responsible for the lynching of Pe Malllck in Idaho. In writing to Governor Hawley he says: - Permit me te suggest that It appears from the. action of the State Board of Pardons, of which you are at present a member, that It rails to give proper credit to the intelli gence of the citizens and that the Board appears to believe that tha Juries of this county and the trial courts do not under stand the condition existing. The Board of Pardons has set aside the verdicts of every Jury and the sentences of the' courts In every case of any Importance that baa been tried In the courts In this connty In the last twelve years. He gives a list of cases in substan tiation Of this statement and says: I have had scores ef citizens ask ma: "What la the use spending our money to end man to Boise T They will only stay t)itr a short time." In the last twelve yeare I have spent over J5O.000 of the money of the people of Idaho County In prosecuting criminals and not a murmur has been heard about the expense, and I mould Ilk ts suggest that If the courts are to enforce the law the Board of Pardons should take a reef in Ita sail and see Thither It la drifting. I feel that the Board cf Pardons has been Instrumental In bringing about a condN tton which resulted In the brutal murder of Peter Malllck In his cell In the county Jell last Friday morning, it A law-abiding community, which has conscientiously sought to enforce the law through the verdicts of its Juries and tho sentences of Its courts, Is driven to desperation by selng its work undone by a board of pardons. I ruled by. mushy sentiment, and be i comes a lawless community .that It may Insure the execution of Justice on an Inhuman brute. This Is the anomalous condition in Idaho County, Idaho, and the same ", evil may bring the same results in Oregon. There are several Peter Mal licks abroad in Oregron. who mur dered the Hills at Oregon City, tho "Wehrmans at Scappoose nd others If any of them should be captured and the community where the crime was committed should violate tho law by hanging "them. In the belief that in no other way could the enforce ment of the law's penalty be secured tho responsibility must bo share with that community by the sentimental Governor who sets aside the sen tences of courts. . It Is a needless and weakly senti mental assumption when a Governor takes on his conscience any responsi bility for the legal execution of a murderer. The very nature or tne pardoning power Implies that it is to be used charily and with great caution. It was granted the Gover nor only for exercise In isolated cases where circumstances arising after conviction, newly-discovered evidence, or chases of tho caso that cannot be considered by tho courts under tho rigors of the law called tor jeniency. I It was never Intended to become an ' unrestricted power to set aside the ' sentences of the courts. If the law i is to mlo, some bounds must be set to the exercise 'of the pardoning power In this And other states. THE MACHINE AST) THE VOTER. Tho nomination of Arthur Pue Gor man, Jr as Democratic candidate for Governor of Maryland has a mild In terest throughout the country because ! the young geptleman is the son of his ! father and has followed his famous sire's methods in the manipulation and control of Maryland politics. He was nominated by a single vote In the Democratic convention, or at least his I followers numbered sixty-five, while his opponent. State Senator Lee, had sixty-four. But Gorman had behind him something more than the strength of his delegates. Ho had swept the state primaries by a. plurality of something like 11,000, and there was no way to ignore their choice except by outright repudiation. Tho Maryland method of nominat ing candidates la an effort to com bine the direct primary with tho con vention system. The people express their choice for candidates.' but elect delegates to a state convention -expressly directed, to carry out their will. The chief function or tno con vention would appear to bo to make the platform and give substance and form to the . party organization. Doubtless ' young Gorman would have won, as ho did win, by a direct appeal to the people without refer ence to the convention. It is note worthy that the delegates perfunctor ily recorded tho will of tho voters without question; but they have not helped the situation in tho Demo cratic party by their faithful obedi ence to orders. There Is a wide-open spilt In tho party and many Demo crats will vote for tho Republican nominee, Phillips Lee Goldsborough. Whether Gorman's success In the pri mary is a victory for the- primary or for the convention, or for both or neither, we shall not attempt to say; but that it was tho result of organi zation and machine politics Is clear. THE REAL TlffifO IX CHARTERS. Casting a discerning eye over tho entire , field of tho world's activities, the East Side charter committee dropped in on Spokane, and was pleased. There they have a fine as sortment of modern governmental and electoral Ideas,' Including preferential voting. Hero waS something novel, striking and, handsome. ' It would look fine in a Portland charter. Tho committee enthusiastically adopted it amidst tho plaudits of Brother Crldge and Brother Wagnon, It will be great news for Oregon City. . But wo hear complaints, grum blings, moanlngs, reproaches, from, the only real friends of tho direct primary some of them. Not all. For are not Brothers ITRen, Crldge and Wagnon friends of the' direct pri mary? To bo sure. They are more. They are godmothers and wet nurses of that lusty and growing child of the Oregon system. They will not no ticeably heed, therefore, the flutter lngs and whimperings of the other professional guardians of tho primary that preferential voting will do away with tho direct primary. They know what they are doing. They are per fecting tho Oregon system until it contains everything In tho world worth having, gleaned from the ex perience and history-of all tho civil ized nations. We arise to champion the project of our friends Crldge, Wagnon and ITRen (for the present voiceless and in the background). The essence of tho commission form of municipal government a non-partisanship. Party politics Is taboo. Party lines aro to be eliminated, party machines Ig nored, partisan politics forgotten. Tho Commissioners are to bo elected solely for their availability and value, and not for their politics. Then why a party primary, to nominate candidates for Commissioner? If not a party primary, why any primary? The Idea of a party primary is entirely incon sistent with the plan for a commis sion government.. The preferential scheme of votl'ng is completely in har mony therewith. It eliminates tho useless preliminary primary. It pro vides for a single election. It avoids taking two bites at one election cherry. It settles the entire matter at one time. It makes a' free-for-all race with no favorites. It Is all quite ad mirable and practicable. ' We dismiss as unwbrthy of serious notice the whining . suggestion that there will be a hundred candidates for one Job. What of it? In Spokane last election there were " ninety-three candidates for the flv Commlsioner ships. By the workable device of making a first, second and third choice and the cumulative method of adding them all together, five candi dates were given each a majority and all was well. The most serious crlti clsms of tho preferential system emanate from quarters that have de nounced! in season and out, with many signs of Indignation, any suggestion that the people could make a mistake. It Is not becoming or very, convincing for such critics to intimate that the easy task of 'selecting five Commis sioners cannot be ' expeditiously, and satisfactorily performed. It can be done and dono well, where that is the sole task to be performed. The people's charter committee Is on logtcal and defensible ground. It does not believe in half-way measures. It is going tho "whole hog." It 13 giving us tho real thing all the 'latest j styles in commission charters. The finished product wjll bo worth coming miles to see. . As long as tho people have expressed a desire for a commis sion charter. It is pleasing to know that we aro to. have a commission charter. jrCSIC BY MACHINERY. .Perhaps tho operation to which Miss Smith has submitted in order to extend, the width of her touch upon the piano 13 tho same as the one which tho great composer Schumann tried. In his caso it did not succeed. Indeed It nearly ruined his capacity fbr tho execution of music and so dis couraged him that he devoted him self entirely to composition. Tho most difficult physical task ttiIv rtiAnlstfl have) to encounter in kexecutlon Is to attain to perfect even ness of Aouch. This would do nara enough to accomplish If all tho fin gers were of equal strength and flexi bility, but the fact is that no two are alike. They vary in length, vigor and thickness. " To make matters worse, the third finger is Incumbered by a diagonal cord, which anybody can see for himself by moving tho Joint, so that it can only bo raised a very short distance and thus naturally strikes but a feeble blow on tho keys. Prac tice Improves? this defect, of course, but the third finger Is always a trial to the pianist and only the greatest performers bring It Into compelte sub jection to the will. Theoretically tho obstructing ten don can be severed and the third fin ger will then bo as free to move as any of tho others. In practice this operation does not always succeed. It Is quite likely to go awry as it did with Schumann. Wo trust that If this Is Miss Smith's venture fortune will favor her. If it does, her. exe cution, excellent as It now Is, can hardly fall to bo improved. " NOTORIETY IS FLEETING. We are not alarmed for tho welfare of tho stare by tho proposal of Paul Beattlo to go into vaudeville or by the Intention of Beulah Binrord to pose l nUtiiMta K7r.tnT1 Atv in fljl l(Jl uiutuij, . l . ... j ephemeral as the morning mist on a Summer's day. .Neither tne cmei wii nooa nnr "tho woman in th case" In a sordid murder: trial, however, .widely reported It may have Deon, can nope to do more than attract temporary Interest In the lowest grade of vaude ville or motion picture circuits. The. public does not attend the the ater to gratify its curiosity so much tut it o-nen to he entertained. Unless Beattlo develops unexpected talent. his career will be snort, ana me dih ford film, if notable only for the un savorv history of tho woman, will soon go into tho discard. Other mur der trials, or other news events, will sriiln the Interest of tho public and both will be forgotten.' Can anyone recall tho name or a popular actor whoso first introduction tn thA nithlift was through newspaper notoriety connected In no way with the stage? Some prizefighters, it is ttM.a viova YirA A. measure of finan cial success on the stage, but as a rulo they, have had to continue tneir ring activities in order to bolster up public intarMt Of th tiromlnent fisrures in recent famous murder trials, what one could now draw a baker s dozen to me Kiir'nHniinw nf a. vaudeville theater? Who would pay to see Lawyer Pat rick? Who would go across tne street, to hear Captain Hains deliver a mnTinlniniA? Kven Harry Orchard, were he at liberty, would havo small success as a etago attraction. Miner Hicks discovered now neex- lng Is the public interest. ' Tho fame Of Hicks, It Will Do recauea, restea on his emerlenco in the bottom of a ooflir. miriA shaft. Tho Nation had held Its breath while rescuers fed him for days through a smaii pipo ana "s for his release. Hicks came Into the daylight famous. But he scorned largo offers to exhibit himself ror oner periods. He decided to rest a while and then accept a long-time contract at big pay. In two weeks his fame had waned.' Ho tried showing him self as a single attraction and receipts did not pay tho room rent. Vaude ville offers were not forthcoming, and. Hicks went back to tho mines',' Beat Mo tiA RtTtfnril woman and vaudeville managers will profit by considering the caso of hicks, condemnatory resolutions by actors' societies are not needed. Indeed, if they accomplish anything It will be tho prolonging of temporary ana unaesiraoie exniDi- tlon. ECHOES OF THE DRED SCOTT CASK. In one of President Buchanan's letters which may be read In his works, recently edited by; Professor B. Moore, there as curious informa tion concerning the secret Influences which were playing around the Su premo Court at tho time af the fa mous Dred ' Scott decision. We as sume comfortably that Our great trib unal is now free from such untoward circumstances and no doubt the as sumption is justified, but in 'the past It often happened that one or more of tho justices was persuaded against his convictions to modify his opinion. Something of this sort, as Is well known, took place when the Dart mouth College case was under con-' sideratlon. That important case might havo gone far otherwise than it did but for clandestine influence upon the Court. Dred Scott was a negro slave who had been taken by his master Into Illinois, a free territory, and there was permitted to marry another slave whom his owner bought. After two children had been born the whole family was taken to Missouri and sold. Dred Scott brought suit for his liberty in tho Missouri courts on the ground that his involuntary residence in a free territory had made him a free man. The case was finally taken to the United States Supreme Court and came up for decision a little be fore election day in the campaign of 1856 when Buchanan was running for President. The composition of the court left no doubt how tho case would go. Five members were Southern Democrats who believed that slavery was a di vine institution which ought to spread over the whole country. Theso men constituted . a majority, but if their votes alone were counted against Dred ScOtt the political effects might be disastrous since the decision would be openly sectional. So "they turned to ono of tho two Northern Demo cratic Justices, Nelson and Grler, for countenance. Of tho remaining Jus tices, McLean was a Republican and Curtis a Whig, so that they wero un available as tools for the slave power. Nelson very soon wrote out an opin ion against Dred Scott, but Inasmuch as it was based on narrow technical points and left the constitutional question untouched, it was of no use to tho Southerners. This left Grler of Pennsylvania as their only .hope. Grler was at first rather inclined to take Nelson's view and let tho case go on technicalities, but since he was not unduly obstinate it was resolved to try to change his mind. For this purpose Buchanan, the newly-elected President was invoked. Justice Ca tron, of Tennessee, wrote to Buchan an, February 19, 1857, asking him to use his good offices with Grier to in duce him to agree with the Southern ers. Tho letter reminds us of those which Mr. Archbold wrote to the Pennsylvania Judges in tho good old days when Standard Oil was in full bloom. "Will you drop Grler a line," It ran, "saying how necessary It is and how good the opportunity is to settle the (anti-slavery) agitation", by a vote against Dred Scott? Buchanan dropped tho lino as re quested and it accomplished the de sired result. Four days later Grier wrote to Buchanan that he was ready to side with the slave power and join in the opinion that any restriction of slavery was unconstitutional. The de cision to which his easy adherence was thus gained against his con science held that no person whoso ancestors had been slaves had any right to sue In our courts, that such people were not Included in the des ignation "men" in tho Declaration of Indepedence, but were ' mere pieces of property; that tho Missouri Compromise was void and that no laws to restrict slavery could bo valid. Chief Justice Taney gratified his mal ic against the North by adding that Southern politicians might legally call the roll of their slaves on Bunker Hill That aged Jurist had all tho glory of writing tho Dred Scott decision and Justice Grler had- tho credit, such as it may be, of signing It. Tho argument by which Buchanan salved his conscience was that the de cision would end tho agitation against slavery and .bring political quiet to the country. Tho complete failure of tho scheme moves one to ask whether political or economic ques tions can ever be settled by the courts, Thero Is a strong impulse almost al ways to turn them over to the Judges in the hope that the majesty of the courts will cause the people to acquiesce In their verdict whatever It may be, but no such hope has ever been verified. The agitation goes right on precisely as if the. Judges had not spoken except that Its direction is liable to bo altered a little. It may happen that people cease for tho mo ment to discuss the subject matter of tho agitation and begin to discuss tho powers of the court. If over a robber deserves sympathy it is when ho grabs a lot of non-negO' tiable securities and leaves behind lot of cash: This happened to a hold' ui man at. Pottsvllle, Pa., tho other day and tho recital of it moves one to sigh. . But, on the other hand, why would it not be well for banks and the like to keep a bale of worthless securities accessible to burglars, cash iers and check-forgors, with the real money out of sight? Tho consumption of sugar per cap ita In tho United States Increased In the threo decades ending with 1909 from 89 to 79 pounds. During most of this period tho price of sugar has not been beyond the purse of the poorest laborer, and the consumption of . 'candy has increased by leaps and bounds. Tho candy habit having been formed, its indulgenc will moro than likely continue, even though the price of sugar continues to rise. Is bomb-throwing an epidemic dlS' ease? First It breaks out In Los An Veles and now It passes on to Chi cago and New York, like tho cholera. Bombs and lynch law aro tho two traits of American civilization which afford least excuso of complacency, Shall wo ever extirpate them or are they caused by the climate and there fore Incurable? Tho coupling up of tho Hawley roads and their conneotlon with tho Canadian lines Is In preparation both for Increased commerce with Canada when reciprocity is In effect and for use of the Gulf and Panama Canal route by Canadian shippers. The now route may take Canadian wheat to Galveston for shipment tO-Europo. Failure to catch Italian kidnapers and blackmailers is ascribed to the Inefficiency of tho Now York police, Failure to specialize on such cases, failure to follow up cases to the end and failure to protect Informers from vengeance lead to failure to capture tho guilty. A woman marshal going about Hunnerwell, Kan., smelling men's breaths Is In prospect. Mayoress Wil son relies on tho marshal's experience with her husband to scent the alcohol breath and trail it to the blind tiger whence it came. Publicity given the delinquent tax list reduced tho amount duo to 2 per cent. The way a man's name Is print ed in the paper makes a lot of differ ence to him. A quarter century ago, when Law yer Paguo Was making weather for this region, he gave people tho proba bilities they wanted, regardless of re sults. The postal bank is & good place In which to accumulate half of tho "first thousand dollars" that will make everybody wealthy. - ThO weather people should got in touch with tho moon, which changed yestorday, and give out sunshiny fore casts. - Tho man who puts obstacles In tho way of extension of electric lines in Oregon is toying with a thunderbolt. Great opportunities will Open next week for the boy with the swapping Instinct in the drinking cup line. "Tho recall that failed" may be come the title of the petition aimed at Mayor Dllllng, of Seattle. The Boston has returned to herj moorings and the naval war can bo resumed at any moment- Many an old stocking will soon bo emptied of its treasure in Portland. Twenty apples on a two-year-old tree is Hood River's latest record. "What happened to Jones" is daily becoming less of a mystery. The bears are breaking into the hop mark6t. . Gleanings of the Day The "down with the middleman" movement has been carried so far by the Pennsylvania farmers that they are arranging to rent 3,000,000 feet of floor space in the Bush" stores, at Brooklyn, to which they will ship their garden truck, and to hava it sent thence to 400 stores throughout New York City. The movement is backed by the State Grange, the 6000 members of which have each pledged $100 to the scheme, making a working capital of $600,000. Patrick Egan, ex-minister to Chile, ad dressing a delegation of Pennsylvania farmers- which Is Inaugurating, the sehonve. said that tbe potatoes for which consumers paid $60,000,000 last year netted the farmers less than $8, 600,000.' Cabbages which sold In this city for $9,625,000 brought the farmers but $1,800.,000. Milk, which sold to con sumers for from $48,000,000 to $49,000. 000, brought the farmers $23,000,000. Eggs that cost the. consumers $29,000, 000 brought to the farmers but $17, 000,000, while onions sold for $81,000, 000,000 while pnlons sold for $3,000, The difference went to the railroads and the middlemen. A law has just taken effect in New York State which permits the destruc tion of any commercial sign in a high way of the state. The law permits the destruction "by anyone" of. such signs and advertisements, "within tho limits of a publio highway," and the Automo bile Club of America has organized a state-wide campaign to rid the roads of such defacements. Furthermone, the law makes It a misdemeanor to paint or erect any such commercial sign on private property without the written consent of the owner, although private persons are not authorized to destroy such signs on private property. The Asqulth government has prom ised to give ample time at the next "4 session of Parliament to the concilia tion bill, which will allow about 1, 000,000 out Of the 12,000,000 British women to vote. A great danger to the bill comes from the members who would amend it by providing that all adults of both sexes be allowed to vote. As tho women outnumber the men by . about 1,000,000, this would give : women control of the govern ment. The conciliation bill excludes the well-to-do women and the mar ried women almost entirely. It en franchises two categories of women: (1) Tha householder, who will acoount for about 85 per cent of the whole of the new electroate, will get a vote If she Inhabits any house, or a part of a house, even If it be a single room and however low Its value, provided she has full control over It. (2) The occupier of premises valued at $50 a year. This will bring In the small shopkeeper or the typewriter who has an office of her own. It also enables women living together in a house- to rank as joint occupiers, provided the house Is worth $60 a year for each oc cupier. The provision for married wo men says If the wife Is registered as occupier in a separate Parliamentary borough or county division from her husband, she may vote. This will apply to a few women who may have a sep arate business In another borough or county division. All of. this simply comes to a tax qualification, and that only on houses, flats, rooms or shops, for the English people pay rates and taxes for the plaoe where they sleep and where they have their business premises. Rumor Is abroad in New York State that Vice-President Sherman will seek tho Republican nomination for Gover nor. He would naturally enlist the suo- port of the old guard and the opposi tion' of the progressives. If the pros pects are pleasing) the old guard Is expeoted to make an active fight for him. Should Sherman be elected, he would have to taka office two months before his term as Vice-President ex pires. -How he would overcome that difficulty is a question. Elaborate plans for organizing a back to the farm" movement have bean prepared by the National Asso ciation of State Immigration officials. Its next step Is to call upon the im migration officials of each state, to call a meeting at the state capital on September 20 for the purpose of laying the plan before those Interested and raising funds. The association expects that 40 states will eaoh raise $25,000. The preamble states the purpose to be to "aid all worthy persons In the securement of both home and employ ment," but not to encourage foreign Immigration. An official book Is to be published for each affiliated state, containing a description of the state's resources. A short course in agricul ture is to be printed in all .modern languages. Back to the farm clubs aro to be organized In all cities where good teachers can be secured. The adoption of a short course In agricul ture In the publio schools Is to be ag itated and an alliance made with all organizations for mutual co-operation. States, counties, cities, commercial bodies and Individuals are to be en couraged to concentrate their adver tising funds, that they may assist in this work, and states will bo encour aged to pass laws which will enable each county to maintain an expert agriculturist and to protect legitimate colonization work. Students will be encouraged to attend agricultural col leges and the colleges to Join in plans to educate city-raised young men and women. City people ana foreigners will not only bo encouraged to go to the country, but will be prepared, so that they will succeed. Cities will be enoouraged to provide gardens for city dependents. A remark of Senator La Follette's campaign manager that unless the Re publicans nominate a progressive for President next year, "this country- will be compelled to face tha disaster which usually accompanies a Democratic Na tional Administration," stirs the anger of the New York Evening Post, which regards It as evidence of ingratitude. and it rfetbrts: Tha Insurgents have, found It easy enough to break with nearly every article In the Renubllaan creed, but they cannot forget tha moth-eaten party 'shibboleths, of which tha Democratic party's incapacity to cause tha rain to fall and tha crops to grow la tha most ancient. Tha reproach comes most unklndest from- tha political agent of the statesman to whose present prosperous for tunes the Democrats In. Congresa have BO generously contributed, we wonder If the certainty of National disaster attendant upon the election ot a Democratic Presi dent is strong enough to make Mr. La Fol lette wish that last year's Congressional elec tions had turned out differently from what they did. Half a Century -Ago From Tha Oregonlan. Sept. 9. ISol. The Road to Lafayette We can ascertain that wo are approaching Portland, comicg on this road, by its bad condition. It has numerous holes, which will be equal to Bunyan's "Slough of Despond" when the Fall and Winter rains set in. These holes could be easily filled with earth and the road made good. Some- of the bridges aro in a very dangerous condition. Common Council A petition from sundry citizens, praying for the con struction of a sewer in the south part of the city, to convey water, which flows from the public square over por tions of the streets, into tho river, was tread and referred to committee. Thero was a large gathering of citi zens on Saturday evening to hear an address from Senator Nesmlth. Mr. Nesmith, Mr. Logan, Mr. Farrar and Mr. Holman addressed the meeting. Everything passed off satisfactorily. We have a report of the proceedings, which we shall give tomorrow morn ing. - The alarm of fire on Saturday night was caused by tho burning of an un occupied log bouse on Third street, owned by W. P. Burke. It was no doubt tho work of an incendiary. Gov. Whiteaker arrived on Saturday evening. COAL TRADE OF PACIFIC COAST Government Figures Show That Present Consumption Is Hot Largre. Tho fuel requirements of tho Paclflo Coast and tho methods of meeting them are of especial Interest at the present time because of . the agitation in re gard to the development or non-devel opment of tha coal resources of Alaska. The report on the production of coal In 1910 by E. W. Parker, coal statistician of tho United States Ckiploglcal Survey, now in preparation, will contain some Interesting statements on this subject. The present consumption of coal on the Pacific Coast, says Mr. Parker, is not large and the successful operation of any coal mines in Alaska will de pend on naming: prices attractive to the' development of manufacturing industries.-For railroad and manufaotur lng purposes the consumption of oil. particularly in California, largely ex ceeds that of coal in faot, for railroad use oil Is practically the only fuel. The principal domestic fuels-aro wood and gas made from oil. Recently oil Itself has assumed Importance as a domestic fuel. . About 15,000,000 barrels of Call fornla oil were consumed by looomo tives in 1909. as against a little over 18.000,000 barrels for 1910. Tho total consumption of fuel oil was probably between 36.000.000 and 40.00,000 barrels In 1909 ami between 40.000,000 and 50 000,000 barrels In 1910. Tho probability is that the consumption of fuel oil dls placed about 10,000,000 tons of coal on tho Pacific Coast in 1909 and between 11.000,000 and 12,000,000 tons in 1910 The per capita consumption of coal in California. Oresron and wasnington av erages not much, over one ton, while the average consumption in the United States as a whole is about 6ft tons for each .inhabitant. The principal source of coal supply for the Pacific Coast Is the State of Washington, the output of both Califor nia, and Oregron bains; at present small in 1909 the total production of coal in Washington was 3,802,263 short tons. California produced 45,000 tons and Ore gon 87,276 tons. In 1810 the production of coal on the Pacific Coast was 3,903, 983 short tons in Washington, 62,707 tors in Oregon, and 11,184 tons in Call fornla. The Imports of bituminous coal amounted to 752.046 tons, and of an thracite to 9116 tons. Tho exports of coal from Seattle wero 26,883 tons in 1909 and 23,771 tons ill 1910. The total consumption of coal on the Paclflo Coast from various sources in 1909 was 4,576,052 short tons and in 1910, 4,812,398 tons. Tho imports of coko to Paoifio Coast ports (exclusive of Hawaii), as reported by the Bureau of Statistics ot tha Department or commerce ana ia- bor, were 111,676 short tons in 1909 and 114.061 tons In 1910. Including 761 short tons of coal sent from Puget Sound to Boring Sea, tho total nuantitv of coal shipped into Alas ka in 1910 was 98,420 short tons, of which 8178 tons went from British Col umbla. and 15.887 tons from Washing ton. The production within the terri tory was reported at luuu tons, or aoou 1 per cent of tho total consumption. Arbitration of Labor Troubles. ALBANY. Or.. Sept. 8. (To the Ed itor. Will you kindly Inform me If there is any law relating to arbitra tion applicable to controversy between tho shopmen and Harriman system? Did not the American Federation of Labor sign an agreement some years ago with the CIvio Federation whereby they are bound to amurate tne pres ent controversy? A READER. We know of no agreement that binds railroad shopmen to arbitrate differ ences with their employers. The Erd man act, a Federal law. Is applicable to the present controversy, but is not compulsory. It authorizes the Com mlssloner of Labor to summon wit nesses in labor controversies Involving Interstate commerco carriers, and pub lish a report, but leaves the final set tlement to the influence of publio Opinion. Provision is also made for the selection of an arbitration board if the parties to the .controversy o elect. The law). has. heretofore been applied with success. THE FIXAL ARGUMENT. I met an ancient hunting man, A rello of the chase, Seated beside a lonely stein. Within a "swing-door" place, And spake to him comradely And he spake comradely to me, And told me many a merry tale Of haps that happened on the trail. "O, tell me, ancient hunting man. Where is thy dexter eye?" "I was mistaken for a deer," The huntsman mads reply. "And where hast put thy other ear?" "I was mistaken for a deer?" "And why that scar upon thy head?" "Mistaken for a deer," he said. "And why, O huntsman. Is thy leg Of cedar from the knee?" "I was mistaken for a deor Another time," said he. And later on his back displayed A large scar o'er his shoulder blade. "That's strange," quoth I, "how came It hero?" T was mistaken for a deer." I ordered him another stein, Fresh from the cooling lco. And ere he drank he loosened, up Tho following advice: "When thou art stung by hunting bee Take a brass band along with thee, And through 'the bosky woods advance With brazen pomp and circumstance. "And when thou seest through tho trees A huntsman from the town. Ere he can aim snatch off thy coat And flourish it around; If still ho doubt thy verity Duck quick behind a shelt'ring-troe. Bid the band to play and holl .r, 'HerO, Honest, old chap, I ain't no deer!' " " : . DEAN COLLINS. Portland, September 8. . Country Town Sayings by Ed Howe (Copyright. 1011. by George Matthej Adams) Willingness to work is only the be ginning of the struggle; keeping at it 1 where most of us fail. One man willing to do things is worth a million willing to suggest things. A man who Isn't living properly with his wife 13 always an objoct of sus picion. If I were a schoolteacher. I wouldn't stand being called a pedagogue for $50 a month. Tastes are about evenly divided. Half the people want their pickles sour; and the other half want them sweet. ' A letter is all right In a way, but a telegram Is the real thing. ' If you give a man an unnecessary kick, he will "lay for you," and get even. Do him a real kindness, and ha will pay that back, too. What has become of the old-fashioned stingy man of whom it was said ha would skin a flea for Its hide and tallow? A man is entitled to what he can get, as a fighter enters the prlzo ring, and gets the decision If he can, by fighting according to Marquis of Queensberry rules. 'But strictly obey the rules, or you may land in Jail. I wish people would quit advocating expansion and pay more attention to the reduction of county, city and town ship taxes. Taxes will finally become greater than our prosperity, unless something is done. Brad's Bit o' Verse (Copyright. 1011, by W. D. Meny.) When people trample on his rights, the full-grown guy stands .up and fights; he uses gun or club or boot on any mil itant galoot who dares to monkey with his plan or intimate he's not a man; ha swells up with ot'fended pride if you his wildest views deride; and should you give advice to him, he'd swat your face and douse your glim. But how about the little kids? Their lives are hemmed by endless lids; they're hedged about with ancient rules invented by some wise old fools who never took tho time to train a child, except by grief and pain. Some parents have tha nag ging bug, and soma use saplings, like a thug; were I a child and had to choose, I'd take the sapling and the bruise, I'd rataer live In desert lone and rest my head upon a stone I'd rather go about in rags than be the butt of scolds and nags. You, ranting folk, let's have a word cut out that habit so absurd; get next to that small, trustful heart and give your child a decent start. The great wide world of strife and brawl will soon allure him with Its call; his life with you should be. a Joy, with love and hope without alloy; and home should to a pleasant spot whoso mem ory will havo no blot. Real Mixed Metaphor From : Pall Mall Gazette. The latest mixed metaphor come ' from France, and is worthy of being placed on record. The occasion of it was a. dock strike at Rochefort, tha dockers being filled with Indignation because the authorities refused them a fortnight's holiday on full pay, -and this is how their spokesman rendered the ancient sentiment that worms will turn. "Even the feeble sheep," he ox claimed, "when the fierce blasts of in- j dlgnatlon makes its fleece bristle up on end, feels that it must thrust out Its talons and scratch." Whre Newport Beats dtlcagro. . Louisville Courier-Journal. In Chicago women get alimony. In Newport they got the cash In advancn ot the wedding in a lump sum and live luxuriously ever afterward. Fables in Slang and Sherlock Holmes IN THE SUNDAY OREGON IAN The Second Table in George Ade'a new series will appear .to morrow. It is the 1911 fable of the heir and the heiress and the heir-to-be. "Better than his first fa bles," is the verdict of those who have read the first of the noted humorist's latest work. The Adventure of the Crooked Man In this Sherlock Holmes memoir the brilliant detective character has a mystery worthy of his steel with which to deal. Complete, with illustrations. Public Men as Hunters Some of our leading men take to tho woods at this season with gun and pack. Everyone in any way interested about hunting will en joy their hunting experiences. Are "Women Becoming Mora Beautiful? This subtle topic is taken up in a masterly half-page article that covers the subject of beautiful women from the dawn of history to the present. Bogus Decorations How wily French grafters dispose of coun terfeit orders to covetous and gul lible Americans. Half page, illustrated. Music Another song hit, "The Song of the Foam Is Home, Sweet Home." Baritone and bass solo. Chasing Chinese- Pirates A thrilling account of an American correspondent's adventure with real live pirates, up-river from Canton. The Desert's Gold A. short story by Robert Roberts; a tale of fortune-seekers and tragedy. Spread of the Boy Scout Move ment A half page, illustrated, on the vital scout movement that is coming to. mean big things 'to Young America. Widow Wise The fashionable and susceptible widow has a new adventure with envious rivals in Paris. MANY OTHER FEATURES