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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 1, 1911)
TTTE MU1C.M.M; OKlliUMAX, TUESDAY, AUGUST 1, 19fl. rORTU5D. OKEOO.'. Entr4 at Portland. OniM Poatoftlc as coRd-Claa Malt-. abarrlptlon Rat Invariably la BT HAIL) r!lr. Sunday !nelnld. ma yar IS I'ft)-r. SuDdtr ln-ludl. ix months.. a 33 J"' y. Sjdif inclodxl, tkraa montha... X.2J '"T. Sunday Inciudad. on nAata jj' l''r. wi'boul Sunriar. on yar J I" :y. without Sunday, tlx montha 2J I'aily. without fiuauar. thraa moolha... 1. Ji'r. without Suaday, one inaata 2"iy. out yar JrtT. on. r.ar J ' and Wkly. oaa year. . ........ (Bt carrier.) p!. Sunday lneladd. an year t-,w Ltal.7, auaday lnciud4. aaa month. .... .'9 Haw to nill Band Postofflca msaay rdr. axaraa ardor or paraoaal abaca aa r local bank. stamp, com ) ctirrnry ' at tha aadra naaw Olra poatonTle ddra In full, ladodwa aountr sad state. lota Hears 10 to 14 paa. 1 cant: 1 t" ta paaaa. 2 casta; 10 to 4n . canta; to paa, casta. oria poeia daub; rata. KaMfrm Bnalama Offlrra Vrr aV Conk Ha .N-w Tor. Mraaaartc buiidm. Cto--o, at(r bulldins. roiTuD. tcbsdai. Arorst 1. 11L rorvrLESs ambtttox. When at the end of his first term or his second, Mr. Taft flna"y retires from the Presidency, he cannot carry wlth him the remembrancec of much faithfulness on the part of some of his fellow Republicans. Many of them from the outset of his Administration hare spent more time and energy criticising- than they hare in helping him. and when no flaws were to be found In his own conduct or that of his sub ordinate they have managed to lnrent some. Mr. Taft's Administration will go down Into history as one of the most singular and perplexing ever seen In this country. He went into office with his party united, enjoying the confidence of the country and pledged to a constructive policy which filled the public with hope. As things stand now his party seems to be Irreparably divided. The confidence of the coun try has shown a decided Inclination to veer to the Democrats and. In the Republican ranks there are almost as many conflicting policies as there are individuals. Each man has one of his own which ho pursues without re gard to the welfare of the party or the rood of the country. It Is every man for himself. The old-fashioned loyalty to party Ideals and principle which has heretofore played such an Important part In our history has pretty nearly vanished so far aa Re publicans are concerned, though It is still to be discerned among the Demo crats and naturally It contributes greatly to the decided strength which they are manifesting In Congress and many of the states. We are not rash enough to attempt to specify all the causes which have wrought this havoc in the discipline of the Republican party. It Is suffi cient for our purpose to select one of them and point out Its consequences. It appears fairly evident that Mr. La Follette's personal ambition stands first among these factors of disaster. He Is a man who never has been eon tented to follow. He must always lead and If he cannot lead he rebels. The history of his career In Wisconsin be fore he entered the Senate is a long tale of attempts to wrest power from the old. acknowledged chiefs of his party. As often as he failed to oust them ha went Into Insurgency and fought them. The consequence of this course was the dissolution of the old Republican party In Wisconsin and the formation of a new one which retains the name, but not much more of the former organisation. Wiscon sin Republicanism Is a sect by Itself which has evolved a creed of Its own snd does not even profess to pay al legiance to the standards which are obeyed elsewhere. Of course the reply may be made that the Wisconsin Re publicans have Improved upon the old standards, but that la a question to be settled by evidence. The verdict upon It cannot be expected to be unanimous In either direction. Whether Mr. La Toilette and his fol lowers have improved upon the Re publicanism which thay have de stroyed or not they certainly believe or profess to believe, they have, and the leader of the band has continued the same course In the Senate as he b-rn at Madison. From the day he entered, the Sen ate La, Follette consistently Ignored party loyalty. H denounced the cau cus, fulminsted against Senatorial precedents, carried 111 reports about his colleagues all over the country, and In short made it clear that he Intended to act alone unless he could compel others to come to his position. For some time he actually did stand alone. His speeches were not listened to. His motions were consistently voted down. II was In a certain sense the butt of the Senate. But aa Insur gency grew and party loyalty faded, he gained adherents, or comrades, until now he la able to dictate to the Senate by combining with the Demo crats. We do not mean to Imply that this power has been acquired by Mr. La Follette alone, but there is no question that he Is the man who wields it. In two or three critical Instances he has shown that he has the lines In his hand -and can guide affairs If he chooses. What has he done with this power? He would have used It to defeat reci procity If he could, but that was Im possible, since the Democrats had their Own game to play and the ap proval of reciprocity was part of It. tut the Democrats are perfectly will ing to embarrass the Administration by passing a bill to reduce the wool tariff and therefor Mr. La Follette's wool schedule Is accepted by the Sen ate. It may or may not be accepted by the House, but In any case It makes trouble for Mr. Taft. In fact. Mr. La Follette is seldom happy unless he Is worrying Mr. Taft In one way or an other. The personal animosity which he exhibits against the Presi dent Is something astonishing In a man of his unquestioned ability. No doubt thwarted ambition, as we sug gested before. Is at the bottom Of It. Whatever other men may think, Mr. La Follette believe that h ought to be President of the United States. He can discern In nobody else that supreme fitness for this office which he is compelled to observe In himself. In his estimation the American people in grossly wronged by anything or anybody that helps to keep his tre mendous genius from the White House. He may be perfectly sincere in what he thinks about himself. Modesty ts not on of his virtues. The truth Is that he see In Mr. Taft a man who occupies the position which properly belongs to himself. To right the outrage, as he looks upon It. he is willing to go to all length of party disloyalty, personal abuse and con nivance with the Democrats. This is an Interesting condition of affairs, but It does not promise much for the fu ture. It may injure Mr. Taft, but It cannot help Mr. La Follette. There Is no instance In our history of a man who has made himself President by persistent Injury of another, and we do not believe that the old precedents will be violated In this new Inctance. THE PROBLEM OF FISH t OXSERVATIOX. The slaughter of a multitude of fish In the river at Pullman. Wash," by the escape of ammonia Into the water Is a conspicuous Incident In a, process which is going on all the time throughout the country. Usually the drama is acted quietly.' but now and then an accident occurs, like that at Pullman, which causes the busy public to stop and notice.' When the coun try was new the streams were full of fish. This Is as true of one part of the United States as of another. In New England, in the Middle West in the Oregon r,J the old daysYlsh were plen tiful. Now la all these regions they are scarce and would disappear en tirely were It not for the fry which the Government plants In the waters. To say that this process of disap pearance Is a necessary consequence of civilization Is erroneous. Civilisation has existed longer In England than it has here, but the streams In that coun try abound with flh. The same Is true of Scotland. ' Norway has a very old civilization, but its fishing streams attract more and more sportsmen every year. The destruction of fish and game Is not a necessary conse quence of civilisation. It ratMer indi cate that in some respects our civili sation Is defective. It Is usual to believe that If sports men are prevented from catching more than a moderate number of Ash the supply will not be Impaired. There Is some truth In this, but after all It Is not of prime Importance. Fish dis appear. Just as game . does, because the processes of natural multiplication are cut off or seriously Interfered with. The salmon supply falls, not because we tak too many, - but because . we ake them in such a way that the eggs cannot be deposited on the breeding grounds. The speckled trout tends to vanish from the waters of the Middle West because the streams which were once pellucid have been defiled by all sort of refuse, uch as escaping am monia and the wash of ruined grain fields. The problem of game and fish preservation is essentially one of pro tecting the natural processes of multi plication. The pothunter or fisher I a comparatively Insignificant factor In the matter. THE LATEST MORAL WAVE. Mayor Rushlight Is firmly con vinced that there 1 -wholesale graft In the Police . Department. Police Chairman Coffey is pained at the as tounding revelations made through private detectives employed by him to Investigate vice conditions. Chief of Police Slover Is credited with the statement that 70 per cent of the men in the department are unfit for their places. The saloon law Is being vio lated, disorderly houses are scattered over the city, and there Is all around a reign of lax n ess, connivance and arrangement that encourages vice, abets prostitution and winks at law lessness. It is said to be known down to the smallest detail how much each dive pays for protection, how much the disorderly houses, and how much the gamblers. The schedule has been per fected and the assessments systemati cally laid and collected. This Is the record of the Rushllght-Coffey-6Iover anti-vice crusade down to date. One police sergeant has been suspended, fifty other policemen are "under suspicion." Ah! It Is natural that somebody should be under sus picion when methods are understood, price of graft known and amounts realized matter of common specula tion. But how far is this tremendous scare the Mayor and his Indefatigable police chairman and aealous police chieftain are throwing Into the entire department going to yield actual re sults? We are already beginning to hear that the plans of the crusaders, having been prematurely exposed, are likely to be defeated, so far as getting any tangible or real proof goes. No doubt. There has been & queer lot of preliminary advertising of what was to be done, coupled with cautious suggestions about the necessity of a restricted district. But the Mayor and Chairman Cof fey and Chief Slover would not for the world have It understood that they are for a restricted district. Not at all. Oh, dear, no. It would be distinct recognition of vice and patronage of the vicious element. It cannot be done. It is against the law, or rather it would be a proceeding outside the law. The law must be obeyed. The disorderly house must be suppressed. Meanwhile we have it with us. and it is all over town, and It must be first driven out of the residence district. If It should transpire inevitably that the pimp and the landladies and the dive-keepers should be moved by a common impulse to choose' for them selves a certain part of town for their future operations, thus creating their own restricted district. It would be too bad of course: but what could the ad ministration do except fine them occa sionally and confine their predwtory practices as much as possible to them selves? Tet if the vexed question of a restricted district should thus settle itself, that would indeed be a happy solution and everybody concerned would bereatly relieved In mind and better off in pocket. Meanwhile the thundering in the Index about the great vice crusade will go merrily on. The paper will be full of what the new administration Is going to do to the police who waxed fat and prospered through their ne farious practices under the old ad ministration. There Is to be no craft, no corruption, no shaking down. There cannot be with a restricted district under the active championship of the powers that be. What la the difference between a restricted district with licensed pros titution and an open town with li censed gambling? Could the old lumber which once composed the Olympla capltol repeat the history which has been enacted within Its walls. It might Tet out some political secrets. It could tell ' of woman-suffrage debates In territorial days, of the stealing and premature publication of a Governor's message, of hot debates In the constitutional convention, of senatorial deadlocks, charges of bribery, and of the "red-apple campaign." of Populism rampant and Populism dying, of railroad com mission fights, and local option fights. It Is the history of a young state "find ing Itself" through much strife and contention, but finally framing a code of laws, good on the whole, though marked by a fair share of blemishes made by the crank and theorist. The history ts worths preserving. If the building was not. rERSECl'TED MR W1LDK. The only thing Mr. Wilde need fear In Portland Is the law. In case he should be proved guilty. If he should be acqultetd. he will be free to, return to California in his private car, un molested. His plea of persecution and his 'pretended fear of violence will only aggravate any prejudice which may have existed against, him. The people of Portland are abnormally patient and long-suffering.' as -their treatment of Mr. Wilde and his kind has shown. After having exhausted every mean to evade extradition, Mr. Wilde now says he would have been glad to come at a more convenient time and talks of pressing business commitments. A man who values his reputation for In tegrity places Its defense before all business, nor does he exhaust all ex pedients to escape having to make that defense. Mr. Wilde' professions do not square with his actions. AtTOMOBILES AND GOOD ROADS. In the dispatches a day or two ago were two of more than ordinary mo ment to everyone who hopes to see Oregon become the homes of thou sands and tens of thousands of happy and prosperous huwbandmen, in addi tion to those we already have. The first was a telegram to The Oregonian from its correspondent at Bend telling of the arrival of an au tomobile party at that place from Klumath County, and their onward passage to Portland, with the expecta tion that they would complete their 1000-mile Journey within a week from the time they left this city, which was last Sunday. Their Itinerary took In Medford. Crater Lake, Bend, Shanlko, The Dalles and Hood River, thus giv ing the party two rides acsosa the state, one east and one west of the Cascades. The othermessage wa from Marsh field and told of the hope for- better mall facilities for the Coos Bay sec tion by automobile service from Rose burg. Coupling these dispatches, they tell the story of the automobile for pleasure and business purposes In the rural district, and are prophetic of what the "gasoline wagons" may do in the future. The growth of the automobile, so to speak, has been phenomenal. Twenty years ago scarcely any of us knew how to pronounce the word, a dozen year ago they were a novelty even in third and fourth-rate cities, and practically unknown in the rural district. Now they may be seen on every road In the state that la fit to drive over. And they are no longer looked upon as toys or luxuries, but a necessities for most business purpose. And yet the tyle that will be of the greatest benefit to the people at large, the auto-truck, la Just reaching 'per fection. "When these machines, are perfected and placed on the market at lower prices, with a speed limit over ordinary roads of ten or twelve miles an hour, say three times the speed of an ordinary terfm of horses, then we Hill begin to realize the true worth of this greatest of modern distance destroyers, and also the greatest, boon ever vouchsafed the country districts. Aside from the uses of the machines themselves. aside from their adapt ability to duties aside from pleasure vehicles, they will accomplish more for the country In the way of good roads than all of the preachers and teachers combined could have done In three times the same length of time did "dobbin" still hold supreme sway. It Is not worth while to enter Into any argument as to why this Is true. We all know that the farmer, a a rule, has been obdurate In this country on the question of roads. He ha been the chief iufferer thereby, has failed to get the rewards for the nat ural advance of his lands, has stood like adamant for the old conditions. But the automobile has opened his eyes, he ha seen the error of his ways and is now one of the prime mover and principal shouters for good roads or better roads. Yes, the automobile has accom plished much, and will accomplish much more, for it will bring all of the people closer together, make neigh borhoods more In accord for better ments In all directions, give us a com munities, as state and as a Nation a homogeneity that nothing else could have done. .'SPOKANE NOT SATISFIED. By the way, what wa the occasion for all the band playing, parading and hlp-hooraylng indulged in by Spokane when the Interstate Commerce Com mission decided the Spokane rate case? One would think everybody wa satisfied, everybody happy, and that there wa nothing more to ask. Ala, not so. Mr. H. M. Stephens, Spokane's attorney In the rase, has come forth with another rate-making scheme which It Is promised will give Spokane what Spokane really desires. As we understand It. the proposal of Mr. H. M. Stephens is that the In terior West be organised to urge Con gress to declare specifically between what points there is material water competition and to make the long-and-short-haul clause absolute In that territory. In other words. Mr. Stephens professes to believe the Interstate, Commerce Commission has -erred In finding that water competition Influ ences terminal rates .between Chicago and the Pacific Coast and that Con gress may be Induced to overrule the decision. A year or two ago Portland salmon shippers had a practical Illustration of the Influence on railroad rates by water transportation eastbound, and surely w hat is true of eastbound traf fic is true of westbound traffic. At that time the railroads found a that water carrier were taking a large proportion of the salmon pack around the Horn to Eastern ports, from whence It was shipped to the interior. The salmon was laid down in Chicago at a rate lower than the rail rate from Coast terminals to Chicago and cor responding points. A readjustment of railroad rates to meet'the water competition-was tentatively agreed upon, but effort to meet the rates to points east of Chicago was not even attempt ed. The reduction of salmon rates even to Chicago fell through, however, some of the railroads apparently pre ferring not to carry-canned salmon to hauling It east at the rate fixed by water transports. Spokane and other interior point now have a cause of action If they can show that the rates in erfect from the East to those points are unreason able or discriminatory. What more, in ail Justice, can tlVey ask? It Is con ceivable that under the plan now pro posed restriction on the -' railroads might reach the point where the rail roads would prefer to raise the ter minal rates and lose traffic that may go by water rather than reduce In termediate rates. Such stricture as these would accomplish no more than can now be accomplished under the law as it exists if Spokane has a good case. If Spokane has not a good case under the present law, the railroads would simply be denied, under Mr. Stephens' amendment, the power of competing with, water carriers and the Interior would obtain no added advantage. v Spokane has been demanding ter minal rates for twenty years, -and seemingly It will be twenty years more before It learns that water competition Is a condition and not a theory. It will get terminal rates onlv when it digs a channel to the sea. When that Is accomplished the city can Indulge in band-playing, parading and hlp hooraylng with good reason. CONCILIATION Or RACES. A corollary to the peace and arbi tration movement is the movement to break down race prejudice which was launched at the Universal Race -Congress In London. The congress aims to remove inter-racial- suspicion and hatred by bringing together represent atives of the leading races of the earth and spreading knowledge concerning inferior" people and strange civiliza tions. Racial antipathy is credited with being the most fruitful cause of war, and Its removal will therefore be a powerful aid to the cause of peace. It Is at the bottom of that distrust and suspicion which prevent amicable settlement of differences. Ignorance regarding other nations breeds such antipathy, for It causes distorted opin ions to be formed of their physical and moral make-up. While increased Intercourse and better acquaintance break down race prejudice In the end, their first effect Is to aggravate it by lnrreasing the points of contact and friction. Peril therefore accompa nies the Intrusion of the Western na tions into China, Turkey and Persia, for these Eastern nations may be stirred to armed resistance and aggres sion. Such consequences may be staved off by the increased mutual acquaintance which the race congress contemplates. More difficult to deal with are those racial conflicts which are intensified instead of mollified by propinquity. Such are the conflicts between white and black or white and yellow in America, between Jew and Russian, between Turks, Greeks, Armenians and Bulgarian in Turkey These races seem to know each other Just well enough to hate or despise each 'other, but not well enough to overcome these sentiments. In the case of the rival races In the Ottoman empire the prejudice is due to historic rivalry for supremacy in the territory they Jointly occupy. In Russia religious differences born In Ignorance and su perstition furnish the explanation. In the United States hi former condition of servitude causes the negro to be re garded aa inferior by the most ignor ant and depraved white, while the charge that the Chinese and Japanese work for coolie wages has Inspired white labor's hatred of them. Dif ferences of color, physique and lan guage are the outward pretexts for prejudice where no better one exist. The virulence and persistence of race animosities give assurance that it will be far in the future before the "federation of mankind" will be real ized. ' If the lawmakers do not obey the law, who will? No doubt Councilman Maguir' lawn needs water sadly. So do others. If he violates the rules to slake the thirst of his grass, he must expect his neighbors to do the same. The heroic concept of a public official presents to us a man who does his duty when others fail. Mr. Magulre fails to do his duty when his humbler fellow-citizens succeed. We do not feel able to praise his conduct. John D. Rockefeller plaintively echoes his pastor's opinion that "great wealth takes the Joy out of life." Many other millionaires have made the same doleful complaint. Their fate is Indeed dismal, but how easy to ameliorate it. Mr. Rdckefeller'a dys pepsia will no doubt cling to him to the end. but he need not kee'p his money a day longer. We know sev eral person who are ready to relieve him of it. - It might not be so pleasant to live ih Wisconsin, as some would think from the way taxes are paid in that state. The corporation pay 71 per cent of them, which it Is pure Joy to hear. But where do the corporation get the money to pay their taxes with? After all. does it make so very much difference whether you pay your tax into the public treasury directly or through a corporation? Judge Wolverton's decision yester day in the Vanderbllt orchard case, setting aside the sale because the seller denied the existence of hardpan, will and should lead promoters In the sale of fruit lands to use more or less dynamite previous to planting. ThI la a branch of orchard cultiva tion that will bring great results. California has begun well in her present outbreak of bubonic plague In not endeavoring to suppress the facts. By publicity she can secure general co-operation In stamping out the dis ease, and the boy with his squirrel gun will be a great aid. v - Dr. Wiley' expert, in settling the question. "What le beer?" can arrive at better results If they work on It during a heated term. The District Attorney' office ha a grip on the crank of one of the mills of the gods and the grist will be forthcoming. There 1 a dignity that attaches to the office of Governor of Oregon that should not be shattered by the Incum bent's fists. It Is a bad pun to say hot Coffey is being' served the Police Department, but the grounds are In evidence. If $12.60 was the amount of the sergeant' graft, the' low-downs are barely worth recognition. If Nat Goodwin lives long enough he will have o!ved the matrimonial problem. ' The Governor does not hesitate to split the infinitive when in fighting humor. , Gleanings of the Day - The richest landlord in Berlin is Kaiser Wllhelm. who owns urban prop erty to. the value of nearly $40,000,000. The sum does not Include the value of the mass of buildings composing the royal palace, which alone is calculated to be worth $10,000,000. He Is pro prietor of thirty-four of Berlin's prin cipal buildings. Including the ministry of the royal household and the royal stables, which cover many acres in the heart of the capital. Agadlr, the little Moroccan town and roadstead which has been causing" a stir in the diplomatic world, once had far more business intercourse with Eu rope than now. The Portuguese landed there and built a fort in the sixteenth century," the Dutch did the same in the eighteenth and up to 1773 the Spaniards claimed the right to land there for sup plies. An English company once In stalled Itself ifc Cape Juby. but the Sultan drove It out. France had a com mercial establishment there In 1670. M. Ladret de Lacharrlere, the French explorer, who has recently traversed the Sue district, says: "Along the whole Moroccan coast there is no port worthy of the name, no natural shelter suffi cient for a steamer or sailing ship. The little bay, of Agadlr alone could be made Into a fairly safe anchorage, be ing sheltered entirely from the north winds and being easy to protect from the west winds. No naval base of any value could be created there, but after all that is not what theGermans are seeking, only a coaling depot. The naval base that Germany covets and will have one day, is quite close the Canaries. Agadlr is the port of the Sahara for the Atlantic Through it Adrar and Tafllet receive merchandise and above all ammunition and arms. The Importance of Agadlr will become a reality if the reported mining rich ness of the Atlas proves to be well founded." Miss M. F. Abbott, the pretended dis coverer of the famous "Dick to Dick" letter. Is a graduate of Radcllffe, ac cording to the Boston Transcript. As she herself puts it, she learned muck raking under Klttredge and the Har vard philologists. Having served an apprenticeship in digging for verbal roots, she turned her hand., to digging into the tangles of the conservation question. Somewhere in the course of this process she became engaged to the brother of Percy MacKaye, poet and playwright. This, however, did not stop her. She continued her career, muckraking now and again for Col lier's in the Balllnger fight, and since that ended, composing conservation editorials for the same weekly. Al together she Is a cultured muckrakress. Her age the local papers have vari ously put at twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight and twenty-nine. She is one of these, which one it makes no difference. The exact center of population of the United States has been fixed by Pro fessor W. A. Cogshall, head of the de partment of astronomy of Indiana Uni versity, by astronomical observation to be on the Moser farm, eight miles east of Bloomlngton, Ind. Mr. Moser, whose unpalnted dwelling rests at the bottom of the steep hill on which the center of population abides, says the creek, which Is now dry, has never been named and that "Ragged Creek" would do as well as anything. There are more beautiful and restful outlooks In Indiana than greets one standing by the pile of stones marking the population center and looking over the valley. It is off the traveled road and 'at night the screech owls and the whlppoorwllls make their calls undisturbed by any thing except the bowling o'f a dog on the Moser farm. The purchasing department of the Panama Canal is criticised by the West Coast Lumberman for specifying yel low pine in an advertisement for ma terial for car-building on the Panama Railroad. It truly says: "The great car-builders of the country have dem onstrated the great value found in Douglas fir. Its lighter weight and greater strength have caused it to be come used to an enormous extent." The blunder is attributed to Ignorance, but surely the Pacific Coast lumber men have been as active as those of the South in advertising their wares. Consumers of fruit imported from Washington. Idaho, Oregon and Cali fornia are looking forward with eager ness to the time when these goods can enter free of. duty, says Abraham E. Smith, United States Consul at Victoria. Owing to the rigid Inspection laws of British Columbia, Ontario apples are practically excluded from the markets of the province. The largest dealers In fruit and vegetables took all their stock last Fall from Washington through Spokane dealers. The superior methods of sorting and packing fruits in vogue In this and other states have given the producers of that section a decided ad vantage over all competitors. As the Great Northern and Canadian Pacific Railways both provide direct transpor tation from Spokane and the Coast to Fernle, It is believed that the ratifica tion of the proposed reciprocity agree ment between the United States and Canada would lead to a great increase in the consumption of American fruits and vegetables in this territory. The municipal gas comapny of Man chester, England, last year earned $700, 215 after paying interest. Of this sum it paid over to thecity for relief of taxa atlon $226,292. The number of gas con sumers in the city is 170,693. The city sells 33 cubic feet Of gas for 2 cents through automatic meters, of which 63, 603 are In use. and the city gives free use of a gas cooker or grlller. The price for consumers of 600,000 cublo feet a year has been reduced from 55 to 49 cents per 1000 cubic feet. ' The United Shoe Machinery Company denies that it has tied up all the shoe manufacturers so tight that they must buy its machinery or go out of busi ness, but President Charles H. Jones, of the Commonwealth Shoe and Leather Company, of Boston, says In this con nection: I happen to know that there are a con siderable number of important shoe ma chinery inventions right here in Boston which ar not being utilised for the sim ple reason thai there la no market for their aal. A shoe manufacturer has no alternative but to lease all his machinery' from the United Company or stay out of the business. This is the fact, all explana tions to the contrary notwithstanding:. There ought to be a means of reaching such a monopoly, even If it should be necessary to forfeit its pa tents in order to liberate its victims. pESIGXED STARS AXD BARS FLAG Nicola Marachall Alive to Tell the Story Today, at Louisville, Ky. Robert C. Rogers, in Louisville Courier- : Journal. J Late in the afternoon of a balmy June day In 1861, Just a month or so after the first gun was fired over Fort Sumter, thousands of men. wo men and children thronged the streets of Montgomery, Ala. They congregat ed in the immediate vicinity of a building where the first capital of the government of the Confederate States of America was established. Suddenly a shout went up. "Huzzas" from thousands of throats rent the air all because a banner bordered with , two red bars and studded with seven stars in j blue field had been hoisted. Who designed It, and under what circumstances was the task undertaken and finished? The designer was Nicola Marschall, who also originated the de sigs for the gray uniform adopted by the government of the Confederate States of America. In addition, the artist . served under the Confederate flag, attired in one of the gray uni forms of his own design. He was chief draughtsman of engineers, com manded by General Richard Taylor, Colonel Samuel H. Lockett and Stephen D. Lee, names which appear on his tory's pages In connection with not able achievements. Mr. Marschall is alive today, and his hometis at 1126 South Fourth street, and his studio is on the second floor of the building at the southwest cor ner of Fourth and Green streets, Louisville. The, original designs for the flag of the Confederacy and the gray uniform -of the South were painted by him in his modest little studio in the town of Marlon. Ala., toward the latter part of April or early in May, several weeks after the opening of hostilities "I was at work in my studio late one afternoon." he said. "I was very busy, when the door opened and Mrs. Na poleon Lockett entered. She said, 'Mr. Marschall, the South has seceded and we want you to paint a flag for us.' I took up a card and my materials and dashed off three designs for a flag in about 15 or 20 minutes. While I was-:gaged with the task Mrs. Lock ett stood by my side and made a few suggestions to aid me. When I had finished I gave her the card with tho three designs in colors and she turned to go. I was Just on the point of turning back" to the other work when she stopped on the threshold, 'Oh, yes.' she said; 'we also want you to design a uniform.' I realized at once that this would require several days. The design would have to be worked out carefully, and painting the human figure, too, would take some time. I told her that I would have the designs for the uniform in a day or two, and she left, .wishing me a cheery good day. The following day I gave her the designs for the gray uniform." Father's Hand In the Game. . Answers, London. He came down the garden path, a sad. sorrowful figure. She watched him with anxious eyes. "How did father take It?" she asked. "He took It well," replied the young man. "Oh. Tm so glad, George!" she cried, pressing her hands together. "Are. you?" replied George, flopping forlornly by her side. "Well, I can't say that I am, dear. At first your father wouldn!t listen to me." "Why didn't you tell him that you had $2500 in the bank, as I told you to?" she exclaimed. "I did, after all else had failed," an swered George dejectedly. "And what did he do them?" "Do!" echoed the young man, passing his hand wearily through his hair. "He borrowed it!" ALONE. Alone, surrounded by people. Alone, 'mid the city's throng. Along, with companions near you. Alone, with the heart's sad song. Forced to Incline and listen To verses penned by the years; A medley of love and sorrow, A memory saddened by tears. Tou turn your eye to the present. With its gleam and passing show; You dwell on a hoped-for future When realities we may know. Tet all the while there's a vision That haunteth the mind's true eye. Of hopes that proved too fleeting. Of love born but to die. For memory's bonds are cruel. Although they be sadly eweet; Perhaps 'twere best to live and die Aa the blade of grass at your feet. To list awhile to the music' Of a soft, caressing wind; Then to ' lie down, unwept, unloved, A thing without soul or mind. For love 1 is mostly sorrow, Tet love is all of life; When once Its smile has vanished The rest is merely strife. And memory is cruel When the heart with longing cries; Though seemingly filled with music. The days form a bridge of sighs. E. BRAFFET PARTAIN. THE UXWASHED. The lawn is all wilted and dry as a bone. And these are the reasons that . cause It: The Board in control of the water supply Says "Cut out the play in the late aft ernoon. With the hose and the trickling fau cet." So set the alarm for 4:30 about. So I can rise early and wet it With our scant dole of water, ere good neighbors Jones And Robbins and Smith from their beds tumble out. Turn on all their faucets and get It. Weil drown the whole lawn and we'll all drink our fill. And in the big bathtub we'll slosh. If I can get up ere our neighbors arise To get the first whack at the limited spill And ruin our bi-weekly wash. DEAN COLLINS. Portland. Or., July 3i; 1911. Summer. When the winds blow low from the south, dear heart. And the birds swing slow In the trees. When the cricket's soft chirp drones over the field And the scent of the May's .in the breeze ; When the tender grass carpets the earth with green. And forget-me-nots star the dim vale, When the bees drowse dully the long afternoon. And the dust settles warm on the trail; When clouds pile their pearly mass high, dear love. In the deeps of a heaven of blue; When shadows grow long with the lan guor of Spring-. And my heart calls fondly for you ' Come, wander with me by the stream's lapping side, Whero mating birds tenderly call, While youth pulses strong the glad day long-. And love holds sway over all. Elizabeth Wallace. Corvallls,- Or.. July 27, 1911. Advertising Talks By 'William C, Freeman. I am indebted to Mr. Foster Gilroy, publicity manager for the Frank A. Munsey Company, for the following ably written analysis of the atook. sit uation i About two years ago, seats on the New York Stock Exchange were sell ing, at $.95,000. The last sale reported, a few weeks ago, was for $70,000. This shrinkage of $25,000, applied to the entire membership of 1100, repre sents a loss of $27,000,000 in what we may term for sake . of argument an industry. All this has happened within a com paratively short space of time, and I doubt if there is another industry In existence that would- face a deprecia tion in its chief asset so complacently , and so helplessly as our Wall street friends. Most business men, brought face to face with a condition of this nature, would turn to that arrest bualneaa-llfe-saver, advertising-. They would do something, to stir things up. There are not a dozen strictly Stock. Exchange houses advertising today. Most of them limit their publicity to the small three-times-a-week "card." The rules of the exchange do not countenance certain forms of adver tising that would be productive of re sults. Eleven hundred houses are seemingly prevented by false pride or over-stringent rules from taking ordi nary steps to conserve the value of their principal asset. On the other hand, the bond booses have been advertising for some' years, consistently and intelligently which may account for the fact that the bond business to date represents an ad vance of several million dollars over the corresponding period last year, while the stock sales are so hopelessly behind that even phenomenal business In the Fall can hardly hope to bring the figures up to a respectable com parison with 1910. Members of stock exchange every where have been rigid followers of custom have thought it undignified to advertise in a human interest way have thought that all that was neces sary was to 'ell the public the name and location of a broker. The time Is coming fast, however, when they will realize that to get business they will have to tell the public why John Jon, broker, Is a good man to entrust vrttb the pur chase of stock that his Judgment, by reason of long experience In the buy ing and selling of stocks, entitle bint to the patronage of people who want to deal with careful, sane, reputable business men. (To be continued.) Country Town Sayings by Ed Howe (Copyright, 1911, by George Matthew Adams) A good many town men devote nearly all of Saturday to waiting to get shaved. People always feel better in Fall and Winter than in Summer; in the Fall and Winter they can predict big crops next year. It Is 'so easy to see what should be done; but only a few are able to do it. Here is another reason they do not agree 'better: A. man is' away, from home all day, and wanfs to stay home In the evening. A woman is at home all day, and wants to go somewhere In the evening. Nearly every man believes a history of his life would make a book. When a farmer wants to intimate that the dry weather is becoming a menace, and that it may be necessary for the County Commissioners to vote aid, he says his taxes axe dropping off their handles. When a woman sends an order to her groceryman or butcher, and it does not arrive on time, she always learns by telephoning that it Is on the way. For a boy, the first course at every meal consists in washing his hands. A storekeeper' wife called on him. The man picked up a duster, and began cleaning up a little. "It beats all," he said, "how dust accumulates." "Huh," his wife said, "that's not dust; that's dirt." Half a Century Ago From Tho Oregonian, Auguet 1, 1861. The passenger fare by the overland route to the States has been reduced from $200 to $155 from Sacramento and $130 from Placerville. As the daily line is now fairly established and at moderate rates, will enable passengers to avoid the dangers and inconven iences of a sea voyage and experience the novelty of an overland trip with out the great waste of time heretofore demanded of it, the line will, of course, become more and more patronised by the traveling public. - The waters of the upper rivers are falling and it is said the Tenino will not be able to make another trip to Lewlston. Goods are going up rapidly. There will be a large -population to feed, clothe and supply with other nec essary articles. Quite a number of stalwart looking Indians are parading our st-eets. They belong to the Spokane tribe and have come on a visit to the Oregon metropo lis to see the sights. The Nez Perce Indians will not re ceive the goods sent them by the Gov ernment. They were purchased in New York and are not such as their wants require. Tljey will receive gifts, but not in payment of annuities. Brad's Bit o' Verse (Copyright. 1011. by W. D- Meng.) The experts tell us what to eat to make this life a Joy complete; the cook books furnish recipes for dishes that are sure to please; the magazines are filled with news of how , the proper chef to choose; 'tis printed large In every book. Just what and when and how to cook. I like to read the Jolly dope; It fills me full of cheer and hope.; It bolsters up my diet thin and makes me think what might have been. My dinner pail is full of dents; What use have I for condiments? I tighten up . the belt I wear and feed on gobs of ambient air. My -wife can cook to beat the band; as good as any in the land; but when the bin's devoid of flour, what then are gifts and skill and power? The thing that gives ma Inward pain is what these experts don't explain; for what I really want to know, is how and where to get the dous-h,