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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 10, 1911)
TIIE 3IORMNG OREGONIAN. MONDAY, APRIL 10, 1911. v A rOKTI4I. OREGOX. Entires at Portland. On go a. Pestorflea as I.op4i1m Matter. aaoecriptloa kM Invariably in Advance; 1ST Malt.) TaRr. Bandar InrlodL on yrar. .... --?? tai;r. Ruadtr lnludl. ! months.. 4.U Aally. PuBrttT InrlwtxL threa moatha.. I-en. witnout Sunday, an yaar. ....... XaHr. without sundav. f:i month.. ... rtnot Sunday, three tnontoa. Zwllv .IlKnij! aa null... !. oao ar. ............ ......... 1- luvi.j. oco i.ar aals aad atookly. eaa year..... (BT fARRlCHl 1M Ferry. 'aadaT Ineraded. ana roar...... avstir. Sunday Included, eoo Bionfh.... How to ILramlt oad Poatorflca noaa' TO mt. tiDFu ardor or Boroon&Z chock Vomr Inefel kink. Mtomoo- Mm or currency fo at tha coder's ri. Oira noatoffiee 44roM ia fo:t including county ana ra-. Rin 10 to U pacoa- coot-. o 2 as. a coat; w to o r"- ow to ow pas o, a cobta. roruB irw alonSio Mt. aVartrru flu-tor. offlrra Torro at Con Jn Now ljri KrauikL kiuldlas. CM rata. Sir bulldmc. roRTUMH MONDAV. APRIL la. The instoci-xts ad RunntociTT Now that tha necessity for action approaches) me begin to see a little mire clearly what the Insurgents 1M likely to do with the reciprocity agree ment. Senator Cummins threw loma liarrtt on tha subject by hi speech a Ies Molne. lie dor a not oppose reci procity. Ills position In that respect la preferable to that of his colleague, fir. Young, who took occasion In a perch before the Sonata on February to revive and rehash all the pro tectionist fallacies bearing; against the reciprocity agreement which have been hatched out from the beginning of time. Mr. Cummins Indulgr in no such exhibition of fully. While he has ob jections to the agreement which Mr. Taft wishes to conclude, he has noth ing to say against reciprocity In Itself and he seems to think that the bill ran be so modified that It will be free from defects, lie Intends to offer amendments which will tn his opinion accomplish that purpose. Mr. Cummins stated in his Tes Moines speech what the nature of his amendments would be. He proposes to Include free meats, flour, coal, lum ber and farm machinery In the reci procity agreement. He argues that the farmers of the United states have to buy these articles In order to live and carry on their business. The agreement as it stands now deprives them of protection on what they pro duce, while It maintains the old duties on what they buy. To Mr. Cummins this arrangement looks unfair. If the removal of the duties does any good at all It alii lower prices on the arti cles In question. Therefore, he argues. If the bill is passed In Its present form the farmers of the country will re ceive less for what they sell while they must pay the same prices as now for what they buy. To cure this supposed Inequity Mr. Cummins says that he will offer the amendments we have quoted. Speaking roughly. It may be conceded that the Senator from Iowa correctly represents the-feeling of the Iowa farmers In regard to reciprocity. They believe that the agreement Is un fair to them and they do not like IL No doubt Mr. Taft bad a definite purpose In mind when he framed the agreement so as to destroy the farm ers protection and leave all the rest untouched. He thought It wise to at tack the fortresses of protection one at a time, believing that the enemies cf reform would thus be divided and more easily conquered. It also seemed best to begin with the duties on farm products because they are compara tively Ineffective and their loss would not be missed. It may turn out that the President was misled by Ms pre conceptions In both these particulars. The hostility of the farmers to the reciprocity agreement has united the Insurgents with the standpatters tn opposition to It, while the friendliness of the Democrats Is uncertain, or at least conditional. They a III support reciprocity If the President and the Senate will concede something In re turn. Moreover, the fact that the farmer receives little benefit from protection does not make It any more tlrasant for him to 11 go of It. We may blame Congressmen as much as we like for standing by the views of their constituents, but we are Sot likely to scold them Into doing anything else, and the wisest course may well be to modify, if possible, the agreement to suit their taste. Mr. Taft himself would probably welcome some such amendments, while it la said on excellent grounds that they would make the agreement mora ac ceptable to Canada than It Is now. The great difficulty Is In modifying the agreement so It will not make foes cf Congressmen now Its friends. Tar iff reform is confronted by the ancient Ixal Issue wall. Our Congressmen are either standpat protectionists or for revision that will affect only the other fellow. rovn.xrm toiomit movement. The present week will witness the arrival on the Coast of the "tail-end-ers" of the 1I1 Spring colonist move ment. Statistics already available show quite plainly that the volume of the present movement is far greater than that of any previous beglra of a similar nature. Not only has there teen a heavy Increase in numbers over any previous Spring movement, but an unusually large percentage of the arrivals have brought their house hold effects and come prepared to stay. The colonist rates and the unusual efforts of the railroad com panies to drum up a big volume of business for these periods of low rates are of incalculable benefit to tha West. The big growth of this new country Is not. however, depend ent alone on the colonist movement. These low rates offer a good oppor tunity for the person desirous of mak ing a change to come out and look over the field and determine the wis dom of a permanent change of resi lience. A large number of very desirable newcomers, however, will continue to stream Into Oregon for the remainder of the year and for a good many years t come. t whom the difference be tween the regular fare and the colon ist rates is not enough of a barrier to prevent them making the trip. As matter of fact, but few of the better colonists who come out on reconnoit ering tours defer their final trip to Oregon until another period of col onist rates. The same attractions of cheap land, unsurpassed climate and opportunities that are missing else where are available in the Pacific Northwest throughout the year. Kor that reason, this region has been for the past two years receiving liberal additions to the popuUtlon between colonist rate periods. As the 111 1 colonist rush exceeded In volume any of Its predecessors, so also will the movement westward after the close of this period be Jn excess of that of former years. The severing of social and business ties and the moving of a family from the East or Middle West to the Pacific Coast are not small undertakings. They mean so much to the desirable Immigrant that in many cases the saving In fare by colonist rates does not present the allurements It would If the Intending newcomer were foot loose and homeless. It Is among such persons that our commercial organi sations will find a good field for their rfforts. The colonist movement looms large because it involves a very heavy traffic handled In a brief period. It Is necessary that It be supplemented by a steady movement of new settlers throughout the year. This is the kind of a colonist movement that has built up Western Canada. If the 'field Is worked as thoroughly by Pacific Coast publicity agents and railroads as It Is being worked by the Canadian railroads, at least a portion of the 200.000 American homeseckers who are this yesr expected to enter Canada may be kept on this side of the line. MAKING XO sriSTAKKS. The St. Helens Mist Is well named It cannot seo far through the fog of Its own prejudices. For example, it professes to find In recent statements by The Oregonian, discussing the early and later history of the initiative, a complete demonstration that Just the right thing has been done always through the Initiative and referendum. "Only the measures that are meritor ious have rone through and in this the people's way seems to be far ahead of tho Legislature's." declares the misty Mist. Far be It from us to Impeach the In. telllgence or the Intontlona of the peo ple: but It Is not necessary on that account to adopt the tactics of pan drrs and demagogues who seek to ratter the people by declaring that they can make no mistakes. All hu man beings make mistakes: the people In the mass err. The Initiative Is not a, perfect Instrument for registering their will, since numerous faulty measures are proposed and they must be adopted as they are, defects and IL or rejected. There Is no middle ground. If "rmly meritorious measures nave gone through." as the muddled Mist declares, will that enlightened Journal give us Its opinion on the two conflict ing fish measures passed through the Initiative In 1S08? Of this subject the Mist, being near the Columbia River, ought to know something. If It knows anything. Did the people make a mistake when they prohibited fish ing In the Rogue River except by hook nd line? Or docs the Mist think there ought to be no fishing except by hook and line? Did the people make a mistake wnen tney vmru uuu single tag In 190S? Or when they voted It up In 1910? There are other things we might inquire about, but these will do. dr. crurx and the miiools. What shall It profit us to educate a child If we wreck his health In doing It? Dr. Luther Gukclt asks this ques tion in discussing the work of tha Sae fund's department of child hy giene, of which he Li the director, and :ts pertinency Is hard to dispute. The public schools of the country gradu ate a quarter of a million pupils from the eighth grade each year and each year they refuse to graduate about the same number of failures. Why should there be any failures In the public schools? Why cannot all reasonably healthy and Intelligent boys and girls pass through the course with good marks and graduate with credit? We may reply that many of the fail ures are not reasonaoiy intelligent children. Their minds do not grade up to the normal standard. This may be admitted In exceptional cases, but as a rule the pupil who does not ob tain high marks In school has as good a brain as the others. It Is his body which Is at fault. Sometimes he brings defects to school with him. but not very frequently. In the great major ity of cases the school gives him bad eyes, tuberculosis, a crooked spine. adenoids or nervous weakness as the sauce to his geography and ciphering. Dr. Gullck thrusts his good sword into three of our public school re tlshes with glorious gallantry. May he powers grant him strength to slay them. The first fetish Is the belter that children must sit still while they learn their lessons. Schiller composed his plays walking up and down the garden. Wordsworth thought out his lyrics strolling through the green Eng ll.ih lanes. Sir Isaac Newton meditat ed his Immortal discoveries as he fol lowed winding paths through the fields. A grown man can think best when he Is moving about, but the tit le child, to w hom the need of motion Is ten times as great as for a man. must perforce sit cramped up at a desk with his spine in a spiral and his chest crushed together while he tudles. ' Did anybody ever hear of an equal absurdity? All fetishes are absurd. but this one Is wicked. It Is blighting the human race In the bud. School desks do a hundred times the mischief of child labor because boys and girls who are working at some occupation can at least stand up- and stretch themselves once In a while, no matter how hard they must work. At school It Is a crime to stretch except by rule nd rigid method. The reason why we compel pupils to sit still when they are studying Is because schoolteachers are nervous. It makes their heads whirl to see boys and girls moving about, so It is for bidden. The lessons would be better learned if the children took exercise while they studied. The second fetish which Dr. Gullck attacks is the worship of the inside of the house. Man was created to dwell out of doors. He has spent a million years contriving an air-tight house' and now that he has one It Is killing him. So everybody has begun to revert to primeval customs and be take himself to the open. Even the schools are moving out under the trees and where there are no. trees they migrate to the roof. The pic tures of classes studying and reciting In wind and snow which one sees In the papers now and then are inspiring. They prophesy great things for the human race by and by. They pro claim the glad gospel that a child need not be shut up in Jail In order to edu cate him. How strange It is that we should not have found this out long ago. The no tion that pupils must be imprisoned while they learn their tasks comes down to us from the monks who thought cleanliness and out-of-door life were, tricked. So they shut their pupils away from the world, the flesh and the devil. But they could not shut them away from tuberculosis and bad eyes. The third fetich which Dr. Gullck stabs is the notion that the mind can be educated while the body Is stunted The mind can be molded and carved and squeezed and polished In that way, but It cannot be educated. When the good Lord created children he so linked together mind and body that no pedagogue can separate them. The brain has" developed coincidently with the hands and legs, and largely by their aid. The child who does not learn to use his hands is only half master of his brain. He can do some things, but others that-he ought to d are beyond him. DIRECT PRIMARIES IN" THE EAST. In both New York and New Jersey the Legislatures are engaged in ef forts to agree upon some reform In nominating election methods. In New Jersey it Is Indicated that Governo Wilson's Ideas will be enacted Into law without material change. In the bill under consideration there is one nov elty which. If cumbersome operation do not offset the advantages, bears promise of correcting an evil. This pro vision deals with selection of election officers. It takes their appointment out of range of petty reward for po litical services and puts them under civil service regulations, where. It argued, selection of officers will de pend upon ability to do the work re quired of them with expedition and exactness. In Its other features the bill place the nomination of Governor and Rep resentatlves in Congress under the di rect primary, where other nominations now are In New Jersey, and provides for an advisory choice of candidates for the United States Senate. Like the Oregon direct primary law, the New Jersey bill makes provision fo the signing of either one of two state ments by candidates for the Legisla ture. Statement One differs from the Oregon Statement One, however. In that the candidate pledges himself to abide by the choice of his party only. Statement Two Is an advisory pledge similar to that In the Oregon law. It Is practically no pledge at all, and If the bill Is enacted will probably prove, as It has in Oregon, to be a useless appendage. The New Jersey bill also provides for direct election of delegates to Na tional conventions, but tiero the bill differs again from the Oregon plan In New Jersey candidates for delegates are to be grouped opposite the name of the candidate for President whom they favor. In Oregon the voters will have a direct choice of party candi dates for the Presidential nomination, The delegates will not be expected to pledge themselves prior to the pri mary election but will be required to make oath that they will carry out the wishes of their party to the best of their Judgment and ability. Provision is also made for the hold ing of state conventions for the sole purpose of formulating party plat forms. The delegates to this conven tlon will be the party candidates, pre viously nominated In the direct pri mary, for Governor and for members of the Legislature, the old-over mem bers of the Senate and the state committee. There Is not ruch clear sailing ahead of the New York bill If condl tlons may be Judged by past effort to adopt a primary election law. The New Tork bill now' under considera tion differs from the Hughes plan in Its failure to provide for the nomina tion of a ticket by party council which shall have preferential place on the ballot. The bill provides for direct nominations of all elective officers with, the exception of those voted upon by the state at large. Comparison of the two measures shows that New York advocates of direct primaries see hope only of a short forward step, while the New Jersey reformers are undertaking to travel the whole road. POWER OF SUGGESTION". The outcome of the midnight esca pade at tho Washington State College may well raise doubt as to the value of the testimony concerning things heard or seen by witnesses when tin der stress of great excitement or emo tion. Young Holgerson was positively Identified by two girls as one of the students who invaded Stevens Hall and overturned the beds of the young women. ' A third declared that she heard one of the other raiders say. Come on. Holgerson: you are caught." Yet it now develops from the confession of the guilty persons that Holgerson had absolutely no part tn the raid. In the light of history of criminal prosecutions In this and other coun tries it Is not really a remarkable thing that the young women of Pull man should have been so positive in their convictions and testimony and so thoroughly mistaken. Almost every public prosecutor has at some time discarded proffered testimony know ing It to have been born of hysteria, suggestion or the morbid devouring of crime's details. Undoubtedly, too, tes timony of this character, without a basis of foundation, has aided In the conviction of the Innocently accused and the Justly accused as well. .We may assume from the news ac counts of the Pullman episode that the testimony of the three young women which ultimately brought about the wrongful conviction of the Tacoraa youth was not originally the cause of his detention. The school authorities made a searching Investi gation and all young men who could not satisfactorily account for their whereabouts at the time of the raid were subject to suspicion. The pow er of suggestion on the human mind Is realized but not readily recog nized In such cases. Let one ques tionable act or eurcumstance involve one person when many are under sus picion and other suspicious circum stances follow pell mell. Suggestion calls them to the recollection of the normal mind and suggestion breeds them In the hysterical or overwrought mentality. As a simple experiment on the pow er of suggestion take the photograph of some Individual who is a total stranger in a community; pass the photograph around among ten per sons in that community with the ques tion, "Did you ever see that face be fore?" and In nine cases out of ten the answer will be either a positive or qualified "yes." The question and cir cumstance Imply that the interroga tor expects an affirmative reply and the average man will honestly and sincerely believe that the face Is fa miliar to him but that he cannot re call where or when he has seen It before. Astute criminal lawyers recognize the power of suggestion and In most trials employ It to such advantage that witnesses become tangled in their testimony or qualify their most posi tive .statements. The witness who goes on the stand and testifies posi tively on direct examination that the accused said a certain damaging thing often becomes confused and uncertain as to. what was actually said when, upon csoss examination, it Is suggested that the accused used practically the words quoted but In such arrangement as to give the state ment an opposite meaning. It Is idle to blame the witness and It is perhaps futile to attempt to draw the line between the imaginative and the actual impress made upon the excited mind. It Is partly because of the latter fact that some authori ties place such strong reliance on cir cumstantial evidence in comparison with direct testimony.. Yet both have wrought grievous wrongs wrongs not always so hap pily tr speedily righted as. in the Washington .College case. 'h American ship subsidy would vastly Increase American trade with Japan." says M. Surth, a Parisian financier, In an Interview In the Seattle Times. Mr. Surth has spent many years in Japan and he tells us that Japan "pays her steamship lines large sums of money and everywhere one finds the flag of Japan." The pres ence of the Japanese flag is Indeed noticeable even at Seattle. The "large sums" of money paid -wealthy ship owners by the Japanese govern ment enable them to carry our prod ucts to market at J1.60 per ton, or about one-half the sum paid by the Japanese merchants for shipping few hundred miles along the coast' of their Island. In other words, the sub sidy paid by the Japanese government adds about $3.50 per ton to the profits of the Oregon and Washington wheat grower. It would be Interesting to know how a ship subsidy would in crease American trade in Japan when already more ships are available than are needed to carry the freight of fered and rates are lower than they are on any other route tn the world There is a largo area of very rich land on the Warm Springs Indian res ervation and if It Is opened for settle mcnt, homes can be provided for many, hundreds of new settlers. So long as these reservation lands were Inacces sible except by team and packhorses there was not much Inducement for either the Indians or the white people to make use of them. The construc tion of the Central Oregon lines, how ever, has brought these rich lands Into easy communication with Port land and other markets. Every ef fort should be made to have them thrown open for settlement. v hlle the area available is small, compared with that which has been placed on the market with the opening of some of the larger Indian reservations in the West, the percentage of good land Is much greater than in other reser vations. For that reason, it will all be producing crops very soon after it is opened for settlement. Adjacent leaseholders have begun action against the blockaded corner of Fourth and Alder street, where an un sightly barrier has for many weeks forced pedestrians to make a detour into the street at risk of life and limb, There is said to be a question whether the law can force a removal of this obstruction until the six months' limit for which the permit was issued has .expired. It seems hardly light that such a technicality should enable a nuisance to be maintained on two of our principal streets. The permit was issued tn the belief that a build ing was to be constructed. Work on the building was suspended several weeks ago and the original lessees are reported to have said that they can prevent any work being done for two years unless their differences With the owner are settled. Even good-natured Portland will hardly stand for an eyesore .of this kind for two years, A notable immigration edition has been published by the Deutsche Zel tung of Portland. This number, which consists of 62 pages of reading matter and illustrations, is said to be the lar gest newspaper Issue, wholly in Ger man, ever printed on 'the Coast. The number should prove of value in pre senting Oregon's offerings to a most desirable class of homeseckers. There are numberless opportunities in Ore gon for the profitable exercise of the thrift and Industry for which the Ger man farmer ia noted. Probably because netrrly all the men In the Alabama mine were con victs, and negroes at that, conditions of safety were not well guarded, for nobody considers the black man down there. Yet the accident may have been due to carelessness of the vic tims, men without hope or ambition. The most desolate creature on earth Is the negro convict in a Southern state. The proposition to levy one-twenti eth of a mill to create a pension fund for municipal employes means but a trifling sum added to the taxpayer's bill, but the acorn grows Into" a big oak In time. Well-paid people can save enough to avoid necessity of pen- Ions If they wllL But there's the rub easy come, easy go. If Messrs. Peterson, Svenson, BJorn- sen and Sorrenson. whose resolutions on Portland bridges appear elsewhere, would change the document so that It referred to the present architecture of women's hats, we would be inclined to endorse It. The April moon will be .full Thurs day. As the weather changes with the moon, the groundhog Dureau feels safe in advising womenfolk that Easter Sunday will be fair and sun- hlny. Ten years hence Pendleton will sur prise the Census Bureau, for it will be the center or a great smau-iarra region. The right soil is there and all needed Is the carving knife. The town ofMonmouth Is not plac ing all Its dependence on normal ap propriations. By a decisive vote, the citizens carried the proposal to issue bonds for a school building. The CouJkcilmanlc controversy is becoming worse. Some of the belli gerents may yet be charged with sheepsteallng, which Is .a low-down offense. Announcement from the Demo cratic side indicates there will be gin ger and other spice as well as gall and wormwood in the Mayoralty cam SOMETHING DOING AT MEDFORD, Bring a Recapitulation, of One Orrgo: Town's Activities. Medford Mail-Tribune. Some interesting facts about Med ford were brought out at the Com merclal Club. meeting and some were forgotten. There is not a vacant storeroom In the city, nor an. empty residence. Buildings are rented before completed. Every line of commercial business, despite increased competition, snow material increase over a year ago, Business is better today than ever before on a sounder, better and more substantial basis. The income from municipal water works is steadily diminishing the tax levy. Medford leads all Oregon in percent age of increase gain in population In postal receipts, in bank deposits. in Dubllo improvements, in buildings. More additional orchard acreage i being planted this year In the Rogue River Vallev- than In any three ais tricts in Oregon combined, and th commercial orchard area tributary to Medford ia greater than that of any three other districts. The Rogue River Valley has doubl tlft. acreage In apples that any other section ctf Oregon has. and a greate acreage In pears than all the rest of the state. More placer gold is being yielded bythe mines of Southern Oregon this season than is produced in all other sections. More quartz mines are being devel oped this Spring In Southern Oregon than for many years past. More sawmills are preparing to open for business this Spring than in the history of the county. In brief, every line of activity re fleets and re-echoes tho prosperity of this eectlon by far the most promts ing In Oregon. , INQUIRIES FROM INVESTIGATOR. Harvard Profesaor Asks Pertinent Questions Concerning Initiative. PORTLAND. April 7. (To the Ed Itor.) An echo of the Oregon election reached me yesterday in the form of some questions from a Harvard pro feasor of economics. It Indicates (per bans?) that the "Oregon system" has aroused hopes that the elemental qual ties of human nature have been changed. An examination of these questions will show what importance Is attached to the doings of the peo pie of Oregon. It begins to look as If we had a reputation to live up to, and If we don't live up to It. we may have the pleasure of being granted the gift that Burns prayed for "To see oursel's as lthers see us." GEORGE A. THACHER. THE QUESTIONS. I. Why was not an argumeftt In behalf or raisins county revenues by the slngl tax oa land value Inserted in the pamphlet aent to the voters of Oregon by the oc-cre tary of state tn 1010? 2. Ia the abolition of the .poll tax con alstent with tho theory of local option; that Is. tho theory that counties should be free to choose such forms of taxation as tney d refer to adout? 3. Had the pot tax been abolished In Oreaon bv statute In 1007? 4. If the ooli tax was abolished In 1907, why was It necessary to introduce Into the amendment providing for county local op tlon a c ause abollshlnr the poll tax 7 5. Had any one proposed to re-introduce the poll tax? 6. The pamphlet submitted by the Sec retary of State gives three proposals relating to taxation, or which the nrst two were re Jected and tha third adopted. It presents however, but one argument In behalf of taxation legislation, and that argument ap pears to relate to all three proposals. Do you think that the average voter was able upon the basis of the information supplied by this pamphlet, to Judge concerning the purpose and effect of each of the three measures proposed and to decide lntclli ccntly between them? 7. It Is stated mat voters at tne last election voted for the so-called county op tlon amendment in the belief that they wen voting to abolish the poll tax and that the amendment was sometimes referred to the poll tax amendment." Is this true? 8. It la said that the amendment relat ing to woman's suffrage aubmltted to the voters of Oregon in 11)10 was presented In misleading form, in that Its title and tne accompanying appeal to voters conveyed the Impression that the amendment merely con ferred the auffrage upon women who were taxpayers, whereas. In point of fact, the amendment . granted the suffrage to all women without discrimination. Do you con alder the statement true. and. If true, do you consider the proposal an honest proposal? Down With the Bridges. PORTLAND. April 7. (To the Ed Itor.) Be It known unto all men by these presents, that we, the under signed. In honorable meeting assem bled, have arrived at the following conclusions: Whereas. It has been scientifically and psychologically proved that human beings are largely made up of what they see; be It therefore Resolved, That no more brtdgee be. constructed across the gentle Willam ette for the following excellent rea sons: Hhould a traveler from Europe, after crossing the American continent, de cHe to Judge the American people by the bridges that they design and build, his estimate of our refinement and of our artistic taste would necessarily hover around zero. On his own con tlnent he has been accustomed to see bridges that are a wonderful combina tion of strength, graceful curves and structural beauty, even a small bridge across the rippling brook is usually of such artistic design, that coming upon one unexpectedly one Is sorely tempted to Inflict unnecessary pain upon his brother man by breaking out into verse. The average American bridge, we must confess, 16 a miracle of strength and repulslveness. a grim and forbid ding monstrosity, a combination of severe, -brutal, warty-looking angles. To be strong must a bridge be ugly? Portland seems to be a patient and stient sufferer In this regard. After gazing at a Portland bridge lor a lew minutes, who Is not glad to look the other way before his artistic taste is completely debauched? Portland, one of the most beautiful localities of this continent. Is rapidly becoming architecturally hideous, and, as usual, her people are smilingly complacent, helplessly and hopelessly good natured about It; therefore, be it Resolved. That no more bridges be built, for the prevailing designs are a menace to our artistic growth, but in lieu thereof tubes under the river. here they will be mercifully out of lght. HEDWIG PETERSON. BRUNHILD E SVENSON. BJORN BJORENSEN. IVON SORRENSON. Men of Indian Ancestry. PORTLAND. April 8. (To the Ed itor.) I was Interested In the article about Miss Smith and the two boys with an eighth Indian blood. Please state in The Oregonian whether or not it is considered degrading to have In dian blood In one's veins. SUBSCRIBER. Prejudice exists against persons of part Indian 'extraction in some locali ties where there are Indian tribes of low order. Generally speaking, per sons who have Indian blood in their veins are measured In popular esti mation solely by their Individual at tainments and characteristics. Bob IngrraoIPa Brother. PORTLAND, April 7. (To the Ed itor.) Was a brother of Robert G. Ingersoll at any time a United States Senator from IUlnois? SUBSCRIBER. Eben C. Ingersoll, brother of Robert G. Ingersoll. was a Representative in Congress from Illinois from 1864 to 1870, but wae not a Senator. Timely Tales of the Day W. C. Bristol, ex-United States District Attorney, has qualified as an official contributor to the "Foolish Question" book. Bristol was a member of a party of anglers who went out on the opening day of the Spring fishing season, to try their luck at luring the frisky trout from his lair. As they were preparing their tackle, a gawky, freckle-faced lad of uncertain age came sauntering along whistling tunelessly. He had a fish-pole slung over his shoulder and a can of bait cinched in the belt, which had hard work keeping his clothes together. 'Wait till I have some fun with the lad." said Bristol to his fellow anglers. Whereupon the ex-prosecutor and for mer friend of Colonel Roosevelt hailed the youth: "Say, son, going fishing?" "Naw," drawled the boy, "I'm going down to the creek to teach these here angle-dogs how to swim. Wan' to come along and watch ' 'em?" After the laugh on "Bill" subsided, he found he had just enough cigars In his pocket to go around. Even those people who can only get children by adoption have to face the same problem of Increasing families as those to whom the argument against race suicide Is addressed. At least so learned one of Portland's well -to-do citizens and his wife. When the Heppner flood swept down the valley of Willow Creek in 1003, it left fatherless and motherless a little two-weeks-old girl. The Port land couple mentioned had an empty place in their hearts for just such a child, and they took it from the Baby Home. The baby grew up to be a Joy to them, and in the natural course of events learned to conceive her wants and to express them. Thus it nappened that one dav she looked up with yearn ing into the eyes of her adopted mother and said: "Mother, can't I have a little baby sister?" Realizing that the little one was lonely In the big house with only two grown-up folks, the mother carried tn Detition to the father, who fully syra Dathized with the child's desire. The result was another trip to the Baby Home and the adoption of another little airt. Now this little girl has grown to the age when she knows what she wants and knows how to ask for it. Hence she. too, one day recently snuggled up to the adopted mother and raid: "Mother, can't I have a little baby brother?" That request too was carried to the father. He became thoughtful and his brows wrinkled as he said with a weary smile: "If this goes on, I shall soon be the father of eight." But they are looking for the boy; In fact, they may have already found him. "It Is surprising," said R. F. O'Troy, of New York City, the other day, "how many men there are in business in a small way who do not comprehend even the first principles of salesmanship. T went Into a small grocery In suburb today to asK my way, and I made a. small purchase to excuse i y presence there. Give me a cigar, I said. 'I'll sell you one.' refjlled the clerk, as he opened' the glass top of the case Now that was a right good bit of a witticism when Noah, or Jermiah, or some of those old-timers made It. but It is not only threadbare now, but it doesn't sell any goods. There are places where a man would be dls charged for less if the boss knew about it. One New. York company that has a branch In Portland runs a school of salesmanship, and one of its rules is that if a customer mispronounces the name of an article he Is seeking to buy, the clerk shall repeat the mispronunci ation after him not correct him. It Is the goods the customer wants, not les sons In pronunciation or witty dia logue, and men who have the real mer chandislng instinct don't take chances on losing trade Just to tickle their own bumps of self-esteem." There was a man In the crowd sur rounding the Roosevelt train at Albany who yelled "Teddy, I'm a rough rider. The Colonel smiled and yelled: "Glad to see you. comrade." The incident attracted the attention of K. L. Simpson, the Associated Press representative on the train. When the train left the station, Simpson walked up to the ex-President and said: Colonel, I have been with von ror five weeks and when we started I was under the impression that you com manned only a regiment durlnir the Cuban campaign, but to my own personal knowledge you have greet ed several thousand Rough Riders on this trip. The only conclusion that I can draw from this fact Is that von must have been a General Instead of a ColoneL "Quite true. Mr. SimDson." said the Colonel. "The boys are. indeed, verv numerous. But let me tell you if snouid issue a call for the boys to come out, how they would flock out or the mountains to enlist under my oanner. n wouia he a grand army, a big army, and how I should delight In leading them." Then the Col his hands in glee as he thought of his mousanas or Rough Rider friends. Rldrs Horaehac-k at 77. Kelsonian. Riding horseback at the age of 77 is one of the accomplishments of Mrs. S. W. Embree, a pioneer of 1846. Mrs. Embree says she always remembers to pav her newspaper subscription on her birthday. Her experiences since cross ing the plans from Illinois have been many and varied. She states that 25 wagons made the trip at that time, six months being spent on the road before the company reached Oregon City. Mrs. Embree resided In Oregon for 35 years Dctore rr.oving to Pacific County, this state, and for the past six yearn she has lived at Hazel Dell, near Lexinar- ton. She has raised a large family of good citizens, and, although her years nave aeen many, the mild climate of tl-.e Pacific Slone has dealt so kinriiv that she remains in good health and retains her strength. v - It's Easy to Catch a Monkey. Philippines Monthly. The Filipinos catch monkeys In an odd way. Monkeys are fond of the meat of cocoanuts. They are lazy, though, about gnawing through the outer bark, and ill only do so when very hungry. The Filipino takes advantage of the greed and Indolence by cutting a email open ing through the shell Just large enough for a monkey's long, thin hand to pene trate. When he once gets inside he gets his hand full of delicious, dainty meat, and his hand Is naturally wider when in this act than when it was thrust through the opening. Finding his hand ill not come out, the monkey chatters and scolds, plainly shows his indignation the way he has been trapped, but ever thinks of loosening his hold on the cocoanut meat and withdrawing his hand as easily as he put it in. There he stands until the native who set the cocoanut trap takes him captive. The Chip on Ilia Sbonlder. Washington Evening Star. "Did you see Casey yesterday?" Dolan asked. "I did," Rafterty replied. "It's him that was walkin' up and down in front of my door raanooverin'.' 'Manooverin', was It? "Yes; shakln" his net and niakin' it clear he felt able to whip somebody, but bein careful not to mention any names." Advertising Talks By William C. Freeman, Within a space of five days It was my pleasure to meet the members of the business asaoclationa of the Joseph Home Dry Goods Company, Pittsburg, and John Wanamaker, Philadelphia. These associations exist primarily to do team work for their respective stores to discuss advertising and salesmanship to become thoroughly familiar with the policies of the stores, thereby effectively co-operating with the executive staffs. If employes in a business do not improve each shining hour if they are not enthusiastic if they do not have faith in their employers if they are not heartily in accord with the policy of the business then good work cannot be accomplished. Mr. J. B. Shea, of the Joseph Home Company, addressed his associates at their business meeting in a most Im pressive manner. He told them how much he appreciated their loyalty and co-operation; how the whole organi zation depended on them on their en thusiasm and confidence. In speaking of the advertising of the store he said he wanted It to be accu rate, because he regarded it as "Per sonal Publicity" the passing of the personal word of honor from managers of all departments of the store to the people, and that means keeping, lit erally, one's promises. v Mr. John Wanamaker addressed his associates as personal friends mingled among them, called them by name, told them how much easier it was to build a great business with their loyal assistance, and thanked them for per mitting LI in to be present nt their meeting! Mr. Wanamaker had breakfast nllH the heads of departments In his store at 7:45 A. M. that same day had talked all day long worked hard in planning a greater work' to be done In the near future attended the business meeting in the evening and afterward kept an other engagement which used up the time until midnight. The next morn ing, bright and early, he was on his way to his New York store. Yet, ho soon rounds out fifty years In busi ness. The two men Mr. Shea and Mr. Wanamaker and their organizations are doing a wonderful work In a gen eral and pronounced buaineas uplift and they are putting personality and honest merchandizing into their adves. Using with wonderful results. (To be continued.) Half A Century Ago From The Oregonian, April 10, 1S61. H. W. Corbett and family left New York In the steamer, March 11, for Oregon. A farmer, living up on the Clacka mas, having no better mode of bring ing his produce to market, construct ed rafts and brought down a cargo of apples. He also had some poultry aboard his log contrivance. The water being very swift and high he came very near being swept down the river. The mail from here to Olympia Is carried in 120 hours. The schedule says it ought to be carried in 36. Buildings are said to be going up like magic in Steilacoom, Washington Territory. No less than six handsome buildings are In course of erection and twice that number are under contem plation. The Place Where Any Portland Man Can Come Back From. Seattle Argus. A Portland man died the other day and there was a bow of crepe fastened to his door with a card over it bear ing the inscription: "Back in 20 min utes." And The Oregonian has been wondering which place he expected to get back from in 20 minutes. why, bless your hearts, my dear Portland friends, it is not surprising that you should have trouble in guess ing. But perhaps this will help you some. There is only one place to which he could possibly have gone from which he could get back to Portland in 20 minutes. But then It does seem strange that a man who should be content to spend his life in Portland should not be equally satis fied, at least. In the place I have in mind. I wonder if The Oregonian can guess the place I mean? Boy Scouts to Know the Hoboes' Sli Washington Post. Daniel C. Beard, National scout com missioner of the Boy Scouts of America, is teaching the boys the secret signs of the yegg fraternity, so that the boys may know them and tell what the mystical marks on fences, houses and other build- ngs mean. There are signs indicating whether there is a dog in the house, whether the housewife is kind, and whether it is easy to rob the house. If the signs are dangerous the boys can mb them off and warn the police. All this means that the secrecy of the hoboes will be destroyed. Origin of Audubon. PORTLAND, April 8. (To the Ed itor.) W. L. Finley's visit with 'Teddy" has brought the Auduoon so- ci lety somewnai into ine iiiiiciigui. ...... . . ...... Ailiorc wmilH Hslr 1, nmuiieaL 1 1 1 1. 1 1 j ........... The Oregonian to tell where the deriva tion of "Audubon" is to be found, and hat it means, as Webster aoes not give it. IGNORAMUS. The society is named for John James Audubon, an eminent American orni thologist. Pronunciation of Sierra Madre. PORTLAND, April 8. (To the Ed or.) What is the proper pronuneia on of the chain of mountains in exico which is spelled Sierra Madre? READER. See-er-a Maa-dray. Accent on "er," with short sound of "e," and accent on .iaa. One Idea of Loralty. Puck. He may be six kinds of a liar. He may be ten Kinas oi a iooi. He may be a wicked highflyer Ttevond any reason or rule; There may be a shadow above him Of ruin and woes that impend. And I may not respect but I love him Because well, because he's my Friend, I know be has faults by the billion. But his faults are a portion of him; I know that his record's vermilion. He's far from a sweet seraphim: But he's always been square with Tours Truly, All ready to give or to lend. And though he is wild and unruly, I like him because he's my Friend. I knock him. I know, but I do It the same to his face as away. And if other folks knock well, they rue It And wish they'd had nothing- to say! X never make diagrams of him. No maps of his soul have I penned. For I don't analyze I Just love htm Because well, because he's my Friend, A