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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 1, 1909)
10 THE 3IORXIXG OREGONIAN, WEDXESDAT, DECEMBER 1, 1909. PORTLAND, OREOON. Entered at Portland. Oregon. Postofflca aa ttec-ond-ciass Matter. Subscription Kates Invariably In Advance. (By Mall.) Dally. Funday Included, one year $S.OO j..-awy, ftunaay inciuciea, six montns.... .. Dally. Sunday Included, three monthi.. 2.25 tJaily, Sunday Included, one month 73 I-ally, without Sunday, on year 6.00 Daily, without Sunday, six months.... 8.25 I-ially. without Sunday, three months... 1.75 H'aily. without Sunday, one month GO Weekly, one year... 1.60 unaa, one year.... Sunday and weekly, one year 3.30 (By Carrier.) TDally, Sunday Included, one year..... 9.00 Xaly. Sunday included, one month 75 How to Kemit Send postofflce money prder, express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency tre at the sender s risk. jlve postoince aa drrii In full, tnclurllnv rnuntv itftt. Postage Katee 10 to 14 pages, 1 cent: 16 to paaes, a cents: 3d to eo pases. 3 cents; to tiO pages. 4 cents. Foreign postaga ooubit rate. Eastern Business Office The S. C. Beck wlih Special Agency New York, rooms 48- 0 Tribune building. Chicago, rooms 510-512 iriDune- DUiiains. PORTLAM), WEDNESDAY, DEC. 1. 1909. ONE SIDE AND THE OTHER. That Baron Rothschild should op pose the "budget, the programme and the bill of the Commons, is quite to toe expected. Whether his stand is Judicious or not cannot with certainty be asserted. In Great Britain there is a conflict between old principles and new that is, between conserva ttsm and Innovation; a conflict which Americans never can quite understand. In America we are embarked on a sea of experiment, and our voyage thus far has been successful, because we have been working upon a conti nent of vast extent and ot illimitable resources; and hitherto such as did not like the harder conditions of life, arrowing harder with increase of popu latlon and with appropriation of the hitherto untouched resources of a con tlnent, could move on Into new territory. But In old Europe, espe cially in Western Surope, and In the British Islands, the people have been forced to stay, Rnd to fight it out. Judgment therefore is that, in such a situation innovation should be slow and the consequences of it are un certain. Radical change, therefore, is deprecated; when the effort to force it becomes acute it is resisted to the uttermost. A Rothschild speaking in our Congress for a policy would ruin that policy at once. A Rothschild speaking in the British Parliament, obtains attention. His words have weight. The situation Is everything. No policy fit or suitable for one coun try is fit or suitable for another legislation, therefore, must be adjust ed to circumstances. This is the message that Burke, and all other great statesmen and thinkers, have delivered to the world. Democracy is innovation, of course. It disturbs the settled order. It has therefore in it a principle not only of change but of possible progress. In revolutionary times its methods often have awful consequences. Its natural tendency Is to extremes. Yet de mocracy embodies a principle that must get forward, or human society will stagnate. How far the tendency to new things (novls rebus, as the Roman phrase has It) should be re sisted, how far It should be yielded to, is the general problem of states manship and of government. It has changed littlo, since authentic history bcgan. Progressive government can not yield wholly to one side or to the other. This Is the conflict in the British Parliament now. Between these forces the contention must set tle to a balance; because somewhere in the endless Jar of these forces there must be, there Is, a basis or balance or proportional Justice. Neither party can have everything Its own way unless anarchy on one side or des potism on the other Is to have ab solute rule. The name of Rothschild represents wealth only. Tet It is associated un doubtedly with acts of benevolence and charity, on a great scale. T;he name of the family, associated with finance. Is perhaps also the best guarantee of the peace of the world; since war is not moved except (In . Milton's phrase) through Its main nerves, iron OJid gold. The money kings of the world therefore now are able to com- t mend peace. Money kings never be fore had this power In equal degree. Perhaps therefore these enormous ag gregations of wealth are not wholly evil. Thoy mitigate the ferocity of national pride and competition, which tends naturally to appeal to arms., As the Revolution in France was the beginning of modern history in Its other distinguishing phases, so it gave rise. Indirectly or directly, to concentrations of modern financial power. The leading example is the history of the Rothschilds. In one of the mean and dirty houses In tha Jewish quarter of Frankfort, Mayer Amschel was born in the year 1743. The house was numbered 14 2 in the Judengasse. but was better known by Its sign of the Red Shield, which gave Its name to the Amschel family. Mayer was educated by his parents for a rabbi; but Judging himself better fitted for finance, he entered the service of a Hanbver banker named Oppenheim. and remained with him till he had saved enough to set up for himself. Then for some years he dealt in old coins, curios and bul lion; then returned to Frankfort, estab lished himself in the house of Red Shield, and rapidly advanced towards opulence. In a few years he gave up his irregular trade and confined himself to banking. Such was his In tegrity that the landgrave of Hessen. In possession of largo treasure in the early days of Napoleon's career of European conquest, confided that treasure to the "Court Jew." who kept It out of Napoleon's grasp and re stored it to its owner later. Out of this transaction Mayer made a great . deal of money. So likewise, out of his transactions with the Danish and Prussian governments later. He left five sons, to whom upon his death bed his last words were, "You will soon be rich among the richest, and the world will belong to you." The prophecy was more nearly true for the period down to fifty years ago than it is now. The five sons con ceived and executed an original and daring scheme. While the eldest re mained at Frankfort and conducted the parent house, the four oth ers emigrated to four different cap itals. Naples, Vienna, Paris and K London, and acting continually in : concert, they succeeded In obtain ing a control over the money market of Europe, as unprecedented as it was lucrative to themselves. It was the third brother, Nathan, who settled in London. He had a com manding ability, a natural genius for finance; his grandson, Nathaniel Mayer, born in 1840, was raised to the peerage, as Baron Rothschild, in 1886. In our country we have a theory that government is an abstract thing, and ' should be disassociated from property. But we find it impossible to ' carry ' out the conception, since property is necessary for support of government. In the British Empire the. people are more frank on the subject than . we are, and more dis posed to admit the rights of property as an influence in government. Yet in fact, at the bottom of things, we acknowledge the principle, to as great an extent as they do, or even to greater extent. Hence when our radi cal politicians, breathing fire and slaughter against property, come into power, as they sometimes do, they become tamely conservative, and dis appoint their supporters. Property in terests will. Indeed, have their" Influ ence in government, or there will be no government. How far their influ ence should- be exerted is a question more acute in Britain than in the United States; since life, in a conti nent still abounding, in natural re sources, is not so difficult as in older and smaller countries of the Old World. But in all the history of the world the wealth of no family has been permanent, and probably that of. the great families of finance In our day will not be. The democratic spirit is against It; and it has more power ful agencies now at its command than those of mere revolutionary- violence, to which it formerly appealed. Agita tion often employs foolish and un just methods. But it succeeds. The difficulty always is to hold It within rational bounds. They who call prop erty privilege, mistake, in most cases. Most property Js the fruit of intelli gent enterprise, either in ourselves or in our ancestors. In the typical case of the Rothschilds, Isn't It pre eminently so? WHERE I'lIYSICAL ARliU.MEXT Ari'UKS A story comes from Clark County, Washington, of a rancher who seven years ago, in a fit of Jealous rage, got a divorce from his wife and abandoned his four children and the ranch. 'The divorced wife and children stuck to the ranch, and by hard work and pinching economy made a living and Increased the value of the land by about $3000. The woman was a good manager, gave her children ai public school education, and brought them. up to work. Finally, not having heard from the father and one-time husband for seven years, the thrifty woman asked the court for a vested right in the property. Publication of this plea brought the man to life, and he came skurrylng to Vancouver to es tablish his right to a half interest in the farm. The court took cognizance of this impudent plea and directed the woman to pay her late husband $1000, In Installments of $200 a year until paid. Thus will this woman's indus try and that of her children be taxed to the extent designated for five years. notwithstanding the fact that the man had been recreant to his duty as a father, and had not in seven years con tributed a penny to the maintenance or education of his children, or a day's work toward subduing the land. It was the province of the court, of course, to consider only the legal as pect of the case, looking to the proper adjustment of the title to the land. It would require a horsewhip, vigorously applied by a well-muscled arm to the back of this fellow, to settle Justly the score between himself and his family. There is a type of poltroonery that nothing but a physical argument can reach. STATE AND NATIONAL FUNCTIONS. Between the extremes of states' rights and supreme National control of local government lies & middle course. which the even-balanced mind of the Nation has always tried to follow, most of the time amid strife and , at one period amid carnage. Establishment of National sovereignty lias put out of the way the states' rights doctrine, but now the country Is confronted with the problem of how far the functions of the central Government are to be extended over affairs that can be best regulated by the government of the states. A noteworthy speech was de livered on this subject by Elihu Root before the National Civic Federation in New York City on Tuesday night of last week. Its clearness and forceful reasoning have attracted wide atten tion among commentators in Eastern States. Senator Root said: Are we to reform our constitutional sys tem so aa to put in Federal hands the con trol of all the business that passes over state lines? If we do where 1r our local self-government ? If we do. how la the central Government at Washington to be able to discharge the duties that will be Imposed upon it? Already the Administra tion, already the Judicial power, already the leglslatlva branches of our Government, are driven to the limit of their power to deal Intelligently with the subjects that are before them. This country la too great. Its population too numerous. Its Interests too vast and com plicated already, to say nothing of the enormous Increases that we can see before us in the future, to bo governed aa to the great range of our dally affairs from one central power In Washington. After all, the ultimate object of all gov ernment la the home. I am not willing for the sake of facilitating transaction of anv kind of buslnesa to overturn limitations that have been set by the Constitution wisely set between the powers of the National and state government. Great Is our Nation. Let It exercise its constitutional powers to the fullest limit, but do not let us In our anxiety for effi ciency cast away, break down, reject those limits which are to us the control of our homes, of our domestic affairs, of our own local governments. For there, in the last analysis, under the protecting power of our great Nation, tnere must be formed the character of free, independent, liberty-loving citizens upon whom our republic must depend for its perpetuity. Chief of the unnecessary extensions of National powers at this time, at tempted at the expense of local gov ernment, is the corporation tax; an other Is National control of water pow ers and conservation of local resources. Still another is the proposal to give the National Government exclusive control and regulation and chartering of all corporations. In all this business are vast possibilities for growth of bureau cratic powers, such as now exercised in forestry and conservation service. Regulation of power and Irrigation streams has always been a prerogative of the state wherein they flowed, nor until recently has it been proposed to tax the use of rivers of Oregon,- Wash- ngton and Idaho for benefit of the Na tional Treasury, while streams of ofder states shall be free from such tribute. Again, the franchising and taxation of state-authorized corporations has al ways been the business of the respec tive states, but in the National cor- ' poration tax is initiated a policy that. f sound, can tax to destruction im portant Instrumentalities of the states and Interfere with, a source of reve nue that hitherto has belonged to the ! commonwealths. On the other hand, the states cannot claim the right to tax Instrumentalities that belong to the National Government, such as pat ents and copyrights. Senator Root has touched upon a subject that Is very important to the country. Yet, strangely enough, he Is one of the sponsors for the corpora tion tax, and one of the most authori tative defenders of Its constitutionality. NEWER GROWTH OF MJSTHODISSt. Grace M. E. Church will celebrate this week the twenty-fifth anniversary of its organization. A year ago the parent church Taylor-Street cele brated Hs- sixtieth year. The pro gramme appealed to the older genera tion in a truly memorial spirit. It re called from day to day names that represented a past era in the religious, educational, social and business life of Portland, and only to a less extent of the state. Exercises commemorative of the quarter century of Grace Church will deal with a much closer period in our history, and one of im measurably greater growth than was covered by the thirty-five early years of Taylor-Street Church. Reviewing a period of twenty-five years, these exercises will epitomize the labors of half a dozen ministers who served Grace Church in its pul pit; of a laity loyal to the name, pur poses and traditions of Methodism and ready to attest the helpfulness of the community in which this church took its stand for righteousness quarter of a century ago. The city and the state have made history rapidly during these years. The review of that portion of the history with which this church is In touch, as will be recited from its platform dur ing memorial week, cannot fail to be of interest to a large number of our citizens. COMPLIMENTARY AND OTHERWISE. Portland has been "discovered" by another nomadic. Journalist; this time he or she is attached to the Rockville Republican, published in Western In diana, near the bank of the bucolic Wabash. The writer is pleased with some things in Portland, notably beau tiful women. Bull Run water, roses, Mount Hood, high wages and pros perity. But he or she conceives a dislike for other things, conspicuously closing of the banks at 3 P. M., high price of eggs, alleged scarcity of ice cream, fondness for gold currency genuine diamonds In pink shirt bos oms, cellar doors in sidewalks,- and shocking display of underwear in store windows. These were the chief landmarks ex plored by the writer when he or she viewed Portland little more . than montn ago. i he visitor makes no mention of insignificant matters like parks or streets; therefore his tor her findings can offer slight suggestion to the City Beautiful Committee, unless that body should decide to devote its energies to price of eggs, ice cream supply and modesty in store windows These subjects are herewith referred "I have never seen so many rosy- cheeked women," says the article. "I thought at first the pink complexions were due to a touch of rouge, but they are not. The climate is so healthful, the air so pure and bracing. It breeds wonderful complexions, and the sallow-faced girl has only to spend a sea son or so here to acquire an amazing color. Just as the weather condi tions are perfect for profuse quantities of roses, they are perfection itself for glowing cheeks and healthy-looking faces. It Is startling to see the roses blooming so late In the season, and I am told the grass is green the year round." We are prone to believe some Inspir ation of femininity lurks In this trib ute and In the prefacing criticism. Fine details of Ice cream and lingerie and rouge, we fear, would not be no ticed by a masculine pen. A man would devote his attentions to real es tate profits, skyscrapers and perhaps the brewery, and would hardly suspect rouge In the makeup of Portland's feminine beauty. ' This Rockville tribute to Portland's Mount Hood and facial fairness makes it Impossible to resent the aspersions contained in the article. If this city's candy and underwear stores will forget the animadversions the subject will lapse. They would probably suggest, however, that when the Rockville writer visits Chicago or New York, he or she be careful to shun the display windows of State street and Fifth ave nue, and not expect the soda fountains to have unfailing supply of congealed milk on hot days. NAVY DEPARTMENT REFORM. " Surprising but pleasant is the news from Washington that the ancient and honorable and thoroughly out-of-date policy of the Navy Department is to be supplanted by one with which Secretary Meyer "hopes to put the department on a business basis." If the sweeping changes announced, by Secretary Meyer are carried out, the men who navigate the ships and do the fighting with them are to have something to say about their construc tion and equipment. The "Sir Joseph Porters" of the service are to be dropped, along with other musty relics jf an almost forgotten past, and in their places we are to have practical, brainy naval officers whose abilities have not been deadened by bu reaucracy anesthetics. Perhaps the best feature of the Meyer plan is the abolishment of the Board of Construc tion, which was created principally to supervise ship designs and to decide questions In dispute between the bu reaus when their duties overlapped. The Board of Construction, of course, could figure out speed, dis placement and navigating possibilities of a craft to a nicety, but fighting ships, as those of the merchant ma rine, have peculiarities of their own, and they repeatedly refuse to act as the Board of Construction designs in tended they should act. In such cases it is obvious that one suggestion from the men who are actually engaged in handling the ships and fighting them, is for practical purposes worth more than volumes of bureaucratic technical knowledge. The bureau system un der which the Navy is now being handled was established in 1842. It has naturally made some changes to conform with the changes that have taken place elsewhere, but the red tape with which it was laden in the beginning is still to a large extent Intact. The Government sloop-of-war Pea cock, which gave her name to that low-lying spit at the mouth of the Columbia River, was wrecked there in 1841, and, the bureau system be coming effective a year later, the Co lumbia River Is still feeling the effect of the disaster. No later than last year an estimable California attorney, temporarily filling the place of our American Sir Joseph Porter, K. C. B., refused to permit any of the white squadron, then touring the world, to enter the Columbia River, the prece dent established by the Peacock being too sacred to be disturbed or sup planted. The fact that vessels having from two to five feet greater draft than the warships were coming and going in the regular order of business, with out danger or ' delay, in no manner affected the decision of the California attorney who for the time being was directing the movement of our Navy. The displacement of a precedent in the Navy, under the bureaucratic con trol, was too serious a matter even to be considered. Sugar and copper stocks suffered a heavy slump in the New York stock market yesterday. News dispatches conveying the Information say that the weakness was due to the Standard Oil decision. This explanatory note was probably deemed necessary lest the public get the impression that there had been a sudden decrease in demand for suear and Conner. There have been occasions In the past, and there will probably be others in the future, when the great American pub lic gently but firmly refused to buy sugar and copper stocks; but we have yet to see the time when It will not buy sugar and copper. This cold hard, commercial fact might suggest that if the public would confine it: purchases strictly to the commodities represented by our industrial stocks Wall street would lose some of Its attractions for the" bulls and the bears. If the plans of Secretary Meyer are carried out, due consideration will be shown to the practical men In the Navy? Who know their business. With the announcement of such pronounced reforms, we may reasonably" expect others. There will be no further con sideration shown the Seattle proposal that colliers chartered to bring cargo to the Pacific Coast shall return to the Atlantic seaboard in ballast at Government expense. Neither will there be any more Manila drydock fiascos in which the Government saved $10,000 in having the dock built in the East and lost more than $100,000 In getting it to its station. There are In fact almost unlimited possibilities for reform in the Navy Department, and Secretary Meyer should have the unqualified support of Congress and the people in carrying out his plans to the limit. The crew of the lost steamer Argo, after being marooned on the Columbia River lightship for several days, were safely landed in Astoria yesterday. It does not appear from their stories that they were in very serious danger at any time after they pulled away from the sinking ship and vanished In the night with a wild November gale howling around them. The sea has, however, taken soimuch toll from the ships that tempt its dangers that there were many anxious hours among the families and friends before the safety of the crew was reported. Whatever censure may be directed against Captain Snyder for a possible error of judgment which resulted In the wreck, there will be naught but praise for his skill and courage in steering his crew to safety through a very hard gale which left havoc In Its wake. "There was so much criticism, such bitter criticism, that it was more than I could bear," explained a Seattle white girl who had agreed to marry a Chinese capitalist, and at the last moment refused to proceed on the road to unhappiness and worse things. This ought to be encouraging to the friends of other half-witted white girls who attempt to throw themselves away by marrying Chinese or Jap anese. No good ever came out of any of these mixed-breed alliances. and the girl is fortunate indeed who once entangled escapes before It is too late. Still it should be remem bered that any girl who is so deficient in common sense as to promise to marry a Chinaman may be giving the confiding Oriental the worst of the bargain. - . Whatever difference of opinion may exist In regard to Secretary Balllnger's public lands policy, there can be none In regard to his estimate of the changes needed in the Indian service, as applied to reservation, schools. Cer tain of these schools should be abol ished. There Is no doubt of that. In competently supervised, carelessly taught,- they fulfill no purpose in the policy that attempts to make Indian children grow into industrious, self supporting citizens. In the view of Secretary Ballinger the energies of the department should be concentrated upon the development of agriculture and industrial schools to the end that the Indian may learn how to support himself by farming and by work in the simpler trades. This Is the common sense view of Indian education. Democratic candidates in Oregon think Republican foes of convention can give them fewer votes than Re publican supporters of convention; and the brethren are right. That is why they would like to see the foes of convention win the Republican nom inations. The parcels post as a financial ven ture should not be received with dis trust. That 58 per cent of express company's dividend lately declared ought to be reassuring. Even if Dr. Cook did not reach the North Pole, It is not proved that Wal ter Wellman and his airship ap proached it any closer. The sugar trust scandal in New York doesn't Interest Lyman J. Gage, even though he is there on his sweet honeymoon. A man named Harmon, In Ohio, is said to be a candidate for President. But there is a man named Bryan In Nebraska. President Taft doesn't begin his messages as early as Roosevelt did be cause he ends them sooner. Scores have been evened up In the Gadsby-Hill strife. There are other means besides money. Uncle Sam has entered Cuba twice and then gone away, but the third time should be a charm. Besides, If you buy the Christmas presents early, you can get In on the bargain sales. IT IS A SIMPLE MATTER. Confusing; Only to Oar Theorists, Who Will Not Understand. PORTLAND, Nov. 30. (To the Editor.) The Oregonian editorial articles of No vember 25 and November 26 on the Eng lish budget are confusing to your readers, and I believe the writer who penned them was somewhat confused while writing the same. As I always object to seeing The Oregonlan go wrong on the question of taxation, I am sending you this epistle as a guide, so you will not get the sub ject so badly mixed the next time. I see you are trying to believe that land monopolies are a bad thing fh England and a good thing in Oregon, and you would have your readers believe that It is only a question of how to raise revenue that is so agitating English people, and calling forth the wrath of the Lords, who are a lot of landlords and are doing the same as the landlords of Oregon namely, taking what does not belong to them. The English budget Is the first piece of heavy artillery that has been limbered on the stronghold of land mo nopoly. The siege Is now on all over the world. In Great Britain and in Germany the single taxers are behind the guns and you cannot disguise the fact that it is a single tax fight, the same as we have here in Oregon. David Lloyd-George is a single taxer and so Is Mr.- Asquith, the Prime Minis ter, and a great majority of the British voters. Many thousand readers of The Ore gonlan know that the British Colony of New Zealand? has the single tax in force ana that the Province of Manitoba, in Canada, the place that took 70,000 good Yankee farmers from us tHis year and will take more next year, has the same. People are going to Manitoba to get rid of land monopoly. Many of your readers know, and you should know, that land monopoly in East ern Oregon is stifling all kinds of business in that part' of the state. Land monopoly has closed about 50 school districts in the wheat section of the state. The Oregonlan has said that Eastern Oregon needed railroads, but Hill and Harriman interests may build all he railroads they wish to in Eastern Ore gon, and, as long as land monopoly has its strangle-hold on the wheat country, the schoolhouse and the farm home will have to strike their colors and retreat. What Eastern Oregon must have Is what that splendid bunch of single taxers, headed by Premier Asquith and Lloyd George, are giving the land monopolists in England a dose of the single tax. H. D. WAGNON. Bosh! This is the man who doesn't know what he is talking about. He never did; he never will. The English budget is not based on this Henry George jargon of single tax. It includes taxes on land values, liquor licenses, death duties. In come tax, stamp duties, and customs ana excises. The single tax theorist in our country is purblind. Besides, there is no land monopoly in Eastern Oregon, beyond certain grants made long ago, that ought not to have been made; but these cover only a small part of the country. Our land system Is essentially different from that of England; and, as to land taxes in the two countries, there are no points of comparison. In England it isn't "a single tax fight" at all, nor anything like it. it Is a fight for re valuation of land, for taxes, which the landholders oppose or deny. But In our country we have revaluation of land for taxes every year. A word about the assertion that "land monopoly has closed about 50 school dis tricts In the wheat section of our state." This is exaggeration: yet the tendency, undoubtedly, In wheat-growing sections, is towards large farms. It is an economic law, since wheat can be grown most ad vantageously by large farming. But is wheat-growing, then, to be prohibited? Small farmers, who can't grow wheat with advantage, sell out to those who push the Industry on a large scale. Is prohibition of wheat-growing the remedy? Why will men be absurd? PIERPONT MORGAN'S RARE BOOKS. Finest Collection of Volumes and Man uscripts In thef World. London Dispatch to San Francisco Chronicle. The manuscripts of Meredith's novels. which Pierpont Morgan has purchased for his New York library, will form part of the rarest and costliest collection of books and manuscripts ever got together -by any private person. Morgan owns the manu scripts of ten of S-'ott's novels, of Thack eray's "Vanity Fair," masterpieces of Dumas, Bronte, George Sand Reade. Lytton and Zola, originals of Horace Walpole's letters, notebooks of Shelley, writings of Dr. Johnson and of Swift, original manuscript of Byron's "Corsair." Book I of Milton's "Paradise Lost," and many other literary treasures for which he has given great sums. Here are some of his rare books and the prices he paid: Set of Aldines, $150,000; "Evangelia Quatour," bound in beaten gold studded with precious stones, $50,000; Syston Park Psalter, 5000 guineas: ' manuscript of Ruskin's 'Seven Lamps of Architecture," $25,000; manuscript of "Autocrat of the Break fast Table," $4000: set of Dickens, $50, 000; "Psalmorum Conex," described as the grandest book ever printed, $30,000: William Morris' entire library of 700 books. Including thirty-six Caxtons, for which Morgan paid nearly million sterling. Cross-Eyed Justice. New York Tribune. These two items appeared in the same column of a local paper Llllie button or ocean springs. Miss., an orphan, who had the care of an invalid brother, was arrested for stealing five eggs and half a pound of butter, and X-was sent to prison for a term of seven years." "William Kevelwlch of Balti more, a chauffeur, who ran down and killed Albert Pries, a little boy, in Buf falo last July, pleaded guilty to the charge, of manslaughter in the second degree, and was placed on probation for 10 days upon the condition that he would within that time pay to the boy's father $1000." Biggest Gold Mine. New York American. In all probability, the best paying gold mine In the two Americas is one near El Oro, Mexico. This mine last year Is said to have paid $1,180,000 on a capital of $2,250,000. Since its incor poration it has- paid 9,427,000, or 419 per cent on its capitalization.' The to tal production of gold in Mexico last year was something over $19,000,000. Mexico is producing $42,000,000 a year in silver, and is therefore very close in the position it held soon after its discovery by Cortez. Mr. Bill's Pessimism. Philadelphia Press. Here is one sentence from the inter view with Mr. Hill: "We are going a dangerous way; a yfa.y that if persisted in will lead us to national destruction." Mr. Hill is quite wrong. We are not going that way at all. We are going the sraight and direct way to inter national supremacy, and nothing can stop us. Not Worth Worrying; Over. Washington Herald. A college professor says, "There will be no births 150 years hence." If we were a college professor and could not find anything more interesting to worry about than that, we would get out of the professor business, if we had to peddle phonographs for a living. THIRD RAIL, PREVENTS COLLISIONS Former Laid Parallel to Regular Ralls, With Shoe on Locomotive. " Philadelphia Inquirer. A new device topreveot railway colli sions has been tested under the nrost unusual circumstances and under vary ing conditions with the result that noth ing happened where otherwise death and disaster would have resulted. If this device becomes generally adopted It ought to save & great many lives and much money. It is expensive, but noth ing is so expenslve'as a railway accident and the managers are willing to go to any reasonable expense to secure as much immunity as is possible. The new device Is simple In operation. A third rail Is laid alongside one of the regular rails and is in constant contact with a shoe attached to the locomotive. The track is divided into "blocks" as under the present system, but the beauty of this plan Is that it is automatic and does not depend on the vigilance of en gine men or signal men in the towers. By a simple application of electrical de vices the engineer has signal lamps in his cab which tell him whether the block ahead of him is clear or not. And if it is not clear the brakes are applied auto matically and the train stops, even if there Is no engineer in the cab. The experiment was made this week Of sending two loaded trains at each other on the same track at a high rate of speed, but both stopped automatically before any damage was done, and the engineer sat in the cab without touching his throttle. At the same time tele phonic conversations were carried on by passengers with amy person who had a telephone, in New York City, Chicago or elsewhere. Here is a double safe guard in that the train officials may keep in constant communication with the train dispatchers or signal men along the line. Our record of death and disaster on the railways is long and bloody, but It is growing less formidable and seems likely in the near future to reach the vanish ing point. HOW "THE BIG STICK" ORIGINATED. Varying Chans;? a That Cartoonists Have . Made in the Cudgel. Success Magazine. The first association of Theodore Roosevelt with the phrase, "the big stick." dates from a speech delivered by him at Chicago in 1903. On that occasion he said: "There is a homely old adage which runs. 'Speak softly and carry a big stick, and you will go far." " The New York World, in an editorial published September 29. 1904, revived the speech, contrasting It, in parallel columns, with Roosevelt's pacific speech to the delegates of the Inter parliamentary Peace Union, September 24, 1904. The first cartoon embodying the "big stick" idea was published in the World of October 12, 1904. It represented Roosevelt mounted on a fiery steed, throwing a lasso around the c flying Angel of Peace and carrying a cudgel bearing, the words ."big stick" upon it. It is interesting to notice the vary ing changes in cartoons in the char acter of this stick. At first it was simply a long, round stick of uniform thickness. It later changed to the knotted club or hludgaon type, and now it is often seen with a spear protrud ing from the large end. This latter form was derived from Roosevelt's ex pression, "My spear knows no brother." A marked contrast Is shown In Roose velt's emblem and the "mailed fist" of Emperor William. William's symbol typifies power and force nothing else. Roosevelt's "big stick," although for midable, means peace but peace backed up by the "big tick." ASSEMBLY IS RIGHT AND PROPER. Necessary to Existence of Republican ism In State of Oregon. EUGENE, Or., Nov. 29. (To the Edi tor.) Noticing the letter of Hon. C. B. Moores in The Oregonlan. I heartily concur, as a Republican In the views therein as to the convention and primary. If the Republican party is to maintain its existence, and do anything as to carrying out its policies as an Instru ment of government in the country which it saved from disunion, it must oreranize and maintain a system of party govern ment, and this can only be done through conventions where mutual discussion and conference can be had and carried to some purpose for ascertaining rjartv policies, and fitness of candidates as well. It is the same old party of treason and disunion (the Democratic) which is now trying to undermine the Republican party by indirection and trickery of underhand cunning and deception, in this state and others. Not daring or able to meet it in the open, it resorts to crooked methods and interference in the primary of the opposite party. Let the party of Lincoln and Grant assert its right and privileges as it should and it will down the skulking Indian foe of slavery and disunion. The methods of the Democratic party in this state are characteristic of Tammany Hall, and the old South lA natural ally. This game should be stopped If it has to be shot to death again to do it. JAMES N. NAGLE. Four Pairs of Pairs at His Houae. New York Telegraph. For the fourth time twins have been barn in the family of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Bernard, of Middletown. They now have ten children, the eldest only 12 years old. Their children, including the four pairs of twins, are healthy and smart and happy. The report of this hap pening says that the father is a railway man. and that he "joyously welcomes" the new additions to his family. It Is an nounced that Mr. Bernard 'said they "could not come too fast for him," and that he always "loved the last one Just as much as any of the others." It is gratifying to read that Mr. Bernard is in good circumstances and able to care for the children and is "glad to do it." Creosote for Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Medical Record, New York. Beverly Robinson, of New York, says that he has never found any treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, either curative or preventive, that is superior to the use of creosote internally and by inhalation, properly used and insisted upon. Sana toria are useful for the well off, but the poor must be treated at home, and for them the creosote treatment is the most practical one. This treatment is very simple and inexpensive and will cure many patients that would otherwise die. To the Early Shopper. E. A. Brlnlnstool, in the Los Angeles Express. Do your Christmas shopping; early; do it early, mother, dear; Do It ere the crowds are rushing; and tha bargains -disappear. Just at present clerks are gracious, and will gladly wait on you; In a month you'll rind stores crowded so you can hardly get through. I would rise ere dawn is breaking, and I'd snatch a hasty bite. Then I'd seek the shops and stay there till they'd all closed for the night. And I wouldn't say, "No. thank you. I'm Just looking; for a friend." But I'd "blow myself" as long as there was something left to spend. Do not wait three weeks or longer; do your shopping right away; You'll be saved a lot of worry if you'll start right in today. There are bargains simply waiting for your cash to pick them up. All the way from gloves and slippers to a dainty poodle pup. So, arise while It is early, while 'tis early mother dear; Snatch a bite and then start storeward ere the bargains disappear. Do your shopping with a fervor that is something- quite intense? Until papa's roll is melted, till It looks like thirty cental WOXDERFUL SEW ANESTHETIC Patient Under Influence of stovalne TsUhaj u S lira; eons Cut. London Cable to New York Sun. An operation performed today at the Seamen's Hospital at Greenwich by Pro fessor Jonnesco, dean of the University of Bucharest, demonstrated a noteworthy development in the application of the wonderful anesthetic stovalne. Hitherto the drug had been confined to operations below the waist, its depressing influence upon the heart excluding Its employment in operations involving the upper part of the body. Now. however, it has been discovered that this disad vantage .can be overcome by employing strychnine in combination with stovalne, and it was to demonstrate this that Pro fessor Jonnesco today, in the presence ot some 40 London surgeons, operated to re move a mass of tuberculous glands from a man's neck. He informed the surgeons that he had used no general anesthetic in any opera tion at the Bucharest Hospital in eigh teen months, having in that period per formed more than 700 operations of va rious kinds under stovalne injections. In the present case Professor Jonnesco inserted a hypodermic needle into the spinal canal between two of the verte brae at the base of the neck and inject ed three centigrams of stovalne and five centigrams of sulphate of strychnine dis solved in water. After a minute the pa tient was placed on tha operating) table and his head and shoulders were lowered so that the numbing fluid might spread upward. Two minutes later the operation was carried out In the ordinary manner. No chloroform or other general anesthetic was used. The patient was perfectly conscious throughout and answered ques tions of the surgeons rationally. "Do you feel any pain?" asked one. "No." replied the man cheerfully. "Are you quite comfortable?" he was asked. "Yes. thank you." he replied. There was something uncanny to the onlookers to see the patient's uncon cerned manner and hoar him talk while there was a gaping wound in his neck three inohes long. After the bandages had been fixed the man got off the table and walked to the next room, where a stretcher was waiting to take him to a ward! RU1VS PERFECTLY OX OXE RAIL. English Inventor Operates Gyroscopic Car With Forty Passengers. Ljondon Special to New York Times. Louis Brennan, who obtained a Com mandership of the Bath for the torpedo which bears his name, demonstrated re cently that the gyroscope can be prac tically applied to railway operation on a single track. Thus the monorail, which it has been claimed will eventually revo lutionize the railway system of the world, seems brought within the bounds of prac ticability. Mr. Brennan had previously given dem onstrations with a small model car? The secret was to be found in the application of that gyroscopic force which keeps a spinning top -from falling over on its side. Within the little model car was a gyroscope- which maintained its equilibrium. The Inventor has now completed a full sized car and fitted it with gyroscopes, and at Cullir.gham he gave a demonstra tion which was entirely successful. Forty persons wero carried in the car up and down a straight single-rail track and round and rosind a circular track 220 yards in length. The car is 40 faet in lenj-th, 10 feet wide and 13 feet in height to tl e top of the cab In which the machinery is contained. It weighs 22 tons empty and would carry a load of upward of ten tons. The two gyroscopes which balanced it on the sin gle rail were 3 feet 6 inches in diameter, weighing together one' and a half tons, and spinning at the rate of 3000 revolu tions a minute. A petrol engine on the car itself generated the electric power by which the gyroscopes were rotated and the running wheels driven. The car ran backward and forward and nego tiated with perfect ease the sharp curve of an eighth of a mile circle, which would he Impossible for a railway carriage run ning on double rails. Mr. Brennan does not hesitate to de clare that the monorail, which the gyro scope principle makes a practical possi bility for the first time, will revolution ize the railway systems of the world. A train running on a single, rail can attain with ease and safety, he declares, a speed which is impossible for double-rail vehi cles. Under the existing system the limit of safety in speed has already been reached. For the monorail a speed of 100 or more miles an hour is safely pos sible. Motorist's Signal Code. Puck. After running over a pedestrian: Honk, nonm When meeting elderly and timid ladies driving a spirited horse: Honk! honk! After the spirited horsa has upset and painfully injured the elderly and timid ladies: Honk! honk! When commanded by a country con stable to stop: Honk! honk! After running through and disorganiz ing a funeral procession: Honk! honk! In reply to all appeals for assistance or cries for mercy: Honk! honk! Uion making an armless man climb a tree: Honk! honk! After bisecting the only son of his mother, and she a widow: Honk! honk!. In reply to the devil's inquiry as to ex tenuating circumstances: Honk! hank! Civil War Figures. New York American. General S. G. French, a native of New Jersey, who- became a Confederate sol dier, says that in the United States Army during the war there were 490,000 for eigners 176,000 Germans. 144.200 Irish, 5S, 000 British-Americans, 45.000 English, and 74,000 other foreigners. In the same army there were 276.439 from the border states and 178,976 Southern negroes. The total Federal enlistment during the war was. In round numbers, 2,800,000. The total en listments on the Confederate side were 625,000. "A Beaut." December Everybody's. The golden-haired songbird had just bowed to her audience when a man rushed frantically upon the stage and cried: "Is there a physician in the house?" A young man in the third row, blush ing with embarrassment, arose. "Say, Doc," asked the man on the stage, with a jerk of his thumb toward the singer, "ain't she a beaut?" This Is So Sudden. Catholic Standard and Times. "Pshaw!" exclaimed Miss Yerner, impatiently, "I'm sure we'll miss the first act. We've waited a good many minutes for that mother of mine." "Hours, I should say," Mr. Sloman retorted, rather crossly. "Ours? Oh, George!" Bhe cried, and laid her blushing cheek upon his shirt front. Al In a Lifetime. Life. If we all lived within our means it would be a sad blow to -business. Aristocracy, under the microscope. Is a vacuum entirely surrounded by noth ingness. The reason why so many shows fail nowadays is that paying $2 a seat for a poor show has ceased to be a joke. How to Get Into the Limelight, PORTLAND, Nov. 30. (To the Ed itor.) No matter how brilliant a col lege professor is, he cannot attract as much attention as his duller brotrrer who stirs up a stink on heresy. RIP VAN WINKLE. i