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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (June 22, 1909)
i 8. (Biiwrtmtmt PORTLAND. OREGON. Entered at Portland. Oregon. Postofflce as Second-Class Matter. Subscription Rates Invariably In Advance. (By Mall ) Psily. Sunday Included, one year 8.00 Ially, Sunday Included, six months 4 25 Iaily, Sunday Included, three months... 2.25 Dally. Sunday Included, one month 75 I'ally, without Sunday one ytar. 0.00 Dally, without Sunday, six month; 3 25 Dally, without Sunday, three months... 1.75 Dally, without Sunday, one month 60 Weekly, oue year 1.50 Sunday, one year 2.50 6unday and weekly, one year 3.50 (By Carrier.) Dally, Sunday Included, one year .... 9.00 Dally, Sunday Included, one month.... .75 How to Remit Send postofflce money order, express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at the sender's risk. Give postofflce ad dress in full, including county and state Postage Ratrs lu to 14 paxes. 1 cent; 18 to 28 pages, 2 cents; SO to 44 pages. 3 cents; 49 to 60 pages, 4 cents. Foreign postage double .rates. Eastern Huslneaa Office The S. C. Beck wlth Special Agency New York, rooms 48 oO Tribune building. Chicago, rooms 510-512 Tribune bulldint;. PORTLAJfD, TUESDAY. JUNE . 1900. THESE FRF.QIT.NT TRAGEDIES. On the one hand It la not necessary, nor Is it well, that any man should be "devoted In his attentions" to another man's -wife. Not only just as well, but Immensely better, to leave the other man's -wife alone. But a lot of people haven't much sense or Judgment. One Paris, also named Alexander, "fooled with" Helen, wife of Mene laus, and carried her off. This gave rise to the Trojan War the war to re cover Helen and then, after Troy had been taken, the story of the return of the heroes, and of one hero in particu lar, which is the source of the Odyssey of Homer In its turn the source of all the imaginative literature of the world. Yesterday's tragedy in Portland was a "woman story" like that of the Homeric story, and so many more; only there is not a war over this inci dent involving a whole people. A man, lacking dignity, killed another, who was "fooling with his wife," who . was a weak creature. He had found reason before to divorce her. Then - he married her again. Again her be havior roused him to jealousy. Then he shot and killed the man, who, as he declares, had broken up his home for the second time. The story of the woman in the case resembles the story of her who be came the cause of the Trojan War, with Its Iliad of woes, and all the other consequences. Only there will be no stories about the ravishing beauty of this woman. Nor will any poet give her fame. She will never pass into history as a "taeterrlma causa." And yet this case is like all the rest whether less or more no torious. Human, history, begins with the fight among men for possession of , women. Probably the fight never will cease; for all men and all women probably never will lift themselves above it, or be able to act with dignity when infidelity appears orr one side or on the other. The Jealous woman will scratch at the eyes of her rival, and shriek, and carry her man off in triumph, if she can. The jealous or injured man unless a man of judg ment and dignity will make as great a fool of himself. He will kill and expect the jury to acquit him. Prob ably it will. It is little worth while to talk about the dignity of human nature. Of course, there is such quality, it does exist; or there would be no reason to talk about it. But it is not so widely developed that there is much reason to brag about it. It little becomes man to express disgust over the behavior of males of other animals which fight over their females, and fight to the death. We creatures of earth aren't we a cheap lot, altogether? LINK OF IEA8T RESISTANCE. Th Oregontan' has awaited with a mild degree of curiosity some expres sion from our Puget Sound friends re garding the coming commercial changes made necessary by the build ing of the North Bank road. Like the small boy with a-pair of new red topped boots, wo are proud of our lat est acquisition, but have modestly waited for our neighbors to introduce the subject. Our natural embarrass ment over the matter has been re lieved by the Tacoma Tribune, which under the heading "Seattle Taking Notice." announces that "the gradual recognition in Seattle of the serious disadvantage under which that city has fallen in relation to the Northern Pacific and Great Northern Railways, known as the North Bank line, has finally led to results." These results, if the Tribune is ap proximately correct in its diagnosis of the case, include "withdrawal (by Se attle) of its function as a shipper of grain and other commodities and as an entrepot of foreign commerce; portends scattering of the multitude of idle transients that have given a false metropolitan seeming to her thor oughfares; decline of the jobbing trade and harrowing slump in real es tate values, with other resultant mis fortunes." The Oregonlan has not previously been apprised of this "har rowlng slump." "apprehension." "m ,11 R,Kand "&ngry expression" which Luie an"! aTrtS " revalent Se attle, and is of opinion that the Ta . coma paper must be misinformed. T e note with interest the Tribune's theIlneeoV,hattMr- H1H "aveHng th! i, 6fSt r(,sistlinc9' Impelled by t,K rW f dem"d and sup- b ,V lui deal,n not w't Provincial, but w th momentous national and in ternational concerns of commerce" hewhte UlU the iVorth Bnk road. ater-I?vel "ne along the north ion?' n7vhleh a locoive can pull grides" C"mblns the old mountain 0."VnK 18 Sald by the Tribune as to fh."' Portland nlht have n PorHa0nrHhHBank : in fact' the word fS!"d desnot appear ln the entire or iit,deted l this omy forecast Vl ?rlbune s intention to have the North Bank trains run right through to Tacoma. "where every known fa cility exists for economical exchange between land and water carriers." In explanation of this decision to bar Se attle out of North Bank traffic, the iriBune continues: lJ?.Wra8rth.V ,houh y .r only 2S mns rurt her down stream on the wav to ill . ? . by Pr"nt railroad or by 1mT1c" lln tor cohtructlon that 0rU!ngbrre:h?0mlCa, ' ln '! tenVV1';, 2h: wh ha. ever Insistently demanded an the South ask tha Questions: Why should we " . - - -- . v ..... . liiio rAi m - miles to Se attle when we can load the -vessels right where we are here at Tacoma? Who will pay us for that extra haul? And these questions nobody answers, not even Seattle. That should hold Seattle for a while, but how about Tacoma?- Supposing, for example, "Messrs. Harriman. Hill and all railroad comers" who can roll 100 loaded cars into Portland with a single engine should ask the question. Why should we put on four engines to buck these 100 cars up the steep grades of th5 Cowlitz and haul them 145 miles farther to Tacoma when we can load the vessels "right where we are," at Portland, and use the three extra engines for bringing down more 100-car trains? This question Is un answerable in either Tacoma or Seat tle, and will remain unanswerable so long as ocean freights are exactly the same from Portland as they are from Puget Sound ports 145. miles farther away from the nearest point at which the traffic reaches tidewater. The Oregonlan has waited many years for this Puget Sound acknowledgment of the advantages of the line of least re sistance. MORE MISGUIDED EFFORT. - Yesterday the Baptist Ministerial Conference of Portland was ruffled, ap parently, in mind and temper by an editorial in The Oregonlan, in which the effort to "Christianize" the Chinese and other Oriental races was called "misguided effort." The following reso lution was adopted by the conference: The Baptist Minister Conference, of Portland hereby expresses , Its emphatic disapproval of the editorial In this morn ing's Oregonlan condemning ln wholesale manner the - efforts of the denomination! which are engaged In giving the gospel of Jesus Christ to heathen and pagan peoples. We regard the editorial as an Insult to the Intelligence of all Christian denominations and a sad reflection upon the Intelligence of the writer. The compliments of The Oregonlan to these brethren. We are all free with our opinions about the "intelli gence" of each other. Hence, no of fense. Some of the supporters of this resolution say they have devoted their lives to the "missionary work" whose efficacy The Oregonlan doubts. This, however, is not convincing; but though The Oregonlan hasn't questioned the sincerity and zeal of the "missionaries to the heathen." it has not expected them to admit the futility and failure of their undertaking. That wouldn't be human nature. No "missionary to the heathen" ever did tell or ever could tell why he or she should leave better opportunity for good work at home, and better ma terial among our own people to work on, and go off among distant peoples of other races, who can't understand them, are on a wholly different plane, hear with incredulity the mysteries and miracles unfolded to them and thfe tale of the fall and redemption of mankind, through an inconceivable system a system about which even the Christian world itself is in ever lasting dispute. But then we may re flect that most human lives are wasted in one way or another, and this method may not be the most irra tional. But it is not easy to conceive one more so. WHY DID HE DO ITT Probably Governor Hay knows why he called tefgether the Washington Legislature in special session; but to all not ln his confidence the reasons appear to be obscure. If the Governor thinks that the Legislature will take seriously his fanciful scheme of reor ganizing the state government by mak ing appointive all state officers except the Governor and Lieutenant-Governor, he has not much knowledge of the ways of Legislatures; nor is it likely that there Is the smallest demand from the people for such an extraordinary change. If the Governor is inspired by an altogether laudable desire to im peach Insurance Commissioner Schive ly, he has set for himself a difficult task which, ln the circumstances, prob ably cannot be accomplished. It takes a two-thirds vote in each house of the Washington Legislature to impeach a public official, and it Is well-known that Schively has powerful friends in the Senate, who will balk all efforts of this kind. Why did not the Governor leave Schively to the tender mer cies of the courts at Spokane, which have already Indicted the thrifty Insurance Commissioner, and which will doubtless convict him if they have a proper regard for the facts and their own good repute? Special legislative sessions are risky things. They should never be called except to perform some important and pressing public service, or to meet an emergency. From all appearances the Washington Legislature will take up legislation of every sort, and will determine the merits of every measure by the political or personal alliances of its sponsors or friends. The only thing, then, that the Washington Leg islature is likely to do is to engage in a series of beautiful rows. Why did Governor Hay do it? He seems disposed to rush in where angels fear to tread. PROTECTION'S NEW STRENGTH. If the country expects the tariff to be revised downward, it must be ad mitted that Congress Is not making progress that way. Yet it is doubtful whether, on the whole, reduction is desired by the country. Change of the attitude of the Southern States towards the tariff accounts, mainly, for the failure to reduce the schedules. As fast as Northern Senators and Repre sentatives withdraw from support of high protection. Southern Senators and Representatives supply their places. It is a sign, say rather nmnf nt i ln industrial conditions in the South, xne jNorth is passing the stage of Industrial development to an extent that made protection advantageous. But the South is moving toward the status that seems to rsmioi. able, and even necessary. In the North ...ou., u'uusinra are so wen established as to be able to do without protection or to accept a policy of lower duties' In the South the change that is going on, from the old conditions of agri cultural industry carried on bv slave labor, to the new conditions of a diver sified manufacturing Industry, under free labor, manifests Itself in the de mands of Southern men in Congress for protective duties in states and dis tricts formerly clamorous for low tar iffs or free trade. This change of attitude follows the course of the industrial evolution that is going on all over the country, and Is especially active and noticeable in the Southern States. Tha transition ln that part of the country from the policy of free trade, which once was the natural concomitant of agricultural production, based on slave labor, to a policy that is felt to be necessary for THE 3IQRXIXG the upbuilding of the larger variety of local industries, is one of the re markable phenomena of our political life. It is difficult to see how in polit ical effort for a long time to come parties can be divided on the tariff question, by any .distinct lines, since men who are sent to Congress, 'by whatever party, will vote for "pro tection" of the Interests of their states or districts, undeterred by party plat forms. The Interests, or supposed in terests of a people, always form the basis of their political action. In our Southern States rapid change is going on from one industrial condition to an other, carrying with It purposes that will be reflected in the next Congress even more strongly than in the present one. The South, during .. the next twenty years, will be a chief stronghold of the policy of protection. This will help to maintain many a monopoly in the North that otherwise . would be shorn of much of its privilege and power. - . REVIVAL OF AN OLD MINING CAMP. Pierce City, a mining camp in Idaho, which was the center of great excite ment in the Spring of 1861. is again, after the Silence of a generation, com ing prominently into, notice as a gold field. The camp was "worked out" as far as the primitive appliances of the mining industry, of the time pans and sluice-boxes held sway. Then the district swarming for a time with restless life, was practically abandoned. The mining excitement of which Pierce City was the center, poured a stream of gold for many months into the coffers of the old Oregon Steam Navigation Company, and In that time many fortunes were founded that yet endure notably those of the W. S.' Ladd, J. C. Alnsworth, S. G. Reed and R. R. Thompson estates. Railroads were unknown in the Pacific North west then, and for many years there after. Miners by thousands, with their equipment,, were taken' into the Pierce City and Florence camps, first by steamboat, as far as boats OOlllrt run on the Columbia and Snake Rivers, and tnence Dy pack trains, into the new Eldorado. The mines, as far as it was possible to develop then by the means then at hand, were soon worked out and back to their homes in the Wil-V lamette Valley trooped the disappoint ed gold seekers in the Fall, many of them thankful If they had earned enough outside of their expenses, which were heavy, to reach, in Oc tober, the sheltering roofs that they had abandoned in the Spring and early Summer. The story Is an old one, and is re called at this time by the announce ment that another rush to the Pierce City district is on a rush not sur passed since the palmy days of placer mining there. Quartz mining has suc ceeded placer mining in the old camp, and it is now announced that free gold ore at the depth of 5 57 feet has been reached, which promises rich returns to the mining and milling company that has uncovered the long-sought lead. The mines are easily accessible now as compared with the task re quired to reach them forty-eight years ago. Gold fever is still a contagious disease. The old mining camp, for many years abandoned, will once more hum with life. History repeats itself in. this as along other lines; the old, by rehabilitation, becomes the new the past is merged into the present. SLOW GRINDING. The disagreement of the Calhoun jury after a trial lasting a week more than five months, will be hailed by many persons as at least a partial vindication of a man who has been, re lentlessly persecuted. Others will see in it another of those failures of Jus tice which are unhappily frequent In all our courts and particularly com mon when the prisoner at the bar Is rich and powerful. .The disagreement of the Jury has at any rate saved the Appellate Court the trouble of setting Calhoun free which, according to much weighty opinion, it would have felt ln duty bound to do had he been con victed. The wrath of the magnate at his prosecutors, or persecutors, if you please, need not surprise one. Such emotions are common in the breasts of accused persons of high and low de gree. - To all of them the prosecuting attorney is a demon, the Judge a vin dictive monster and the Jurymen who vote for acquittal are angels of light. If Mr. Calhoun were an old criminal with a record of many trials he could not play the part of injured innocence better than he does. Doubtless, the nerves of Calhoun, Heney and everybody else who had a hand in the trial are exacerbated. It would be a wonder if they were not, considering how long it has dragged out its scandalous length. It has over run even the notorious Shea trial by a couple of weeks. That farclal affair lasted 141 days. The Thaw vaudeville excited alternate amusement and con tempt for 78 days. There is no need of recalling other instances of the de lay and mockery of Justice which have made American criminal procedure a laughing stock throughout Christen dom. It is admitted on all hands that the problem" of trying and convicting lawbreakers is one that the American people have thus far been unable to solve. Judge Lawlor, commenting on the shameful delays in the Calhoun and other trials, says the courts cannot help them. He throws the duty of correct ing the mischief back upon the people. Very likely there is where it belongs, and yet if an effective remedy is ever devised the lawyers must tell us how to do It. None knows so. well as they the true secret of the languorous dal lying, the cunning sinuosities, the heart-breaking procrastination of the courts, for all those tricks to thwart Justice have been Invented by lawyers and nobody but lawyers puts them in practice. Delay, Inertia, evasion, contempt for the value of time are characteristic of all our American courts. No man who has sat on a jury or been a witness could have failed to feel acutely the complete indifference to punctuality and notice the air of infinite leisure which reigns in the courtroom. "Yet a little more slumber, a little more folding the hands to sleep," is the uni versal watchword. In our tribunals of justice, as in the country of the lotus eaters, it seemeth always afternoon. A perpetual siesta is enjoyed by every body except the poor suitors. Samuel Scoville. a Philadelphia lawyer, writ ing ln the Outlook for June 12, flatly accuses the Justices of the Federal Su preme Court of laziness. Accustomed as we all are to adulate our Judges, Mr. Scoville's reproach reads like blas phemy, but when we peruse his sched ule of their recesses, vacations and the like, when we learn that five hours Is a day's work for them, and finally. OREGOXIAX, TUESDAY, when we compare their inactivity with the strenouos diligence of English Judges of similar dignity, we are not quite so badly shocked. , The Supreme Court of the United States works nineteen weeks out of the year and rests thirty-three weeks. This fact by itself goes far to account for a goodly fraction of. the delay which nearly every suitor suffers .before that tribunal. The calendars of state and city, courts are in arrears for a like reason. The simple truth is that all the dilly-dallying and time-killing ma neuversof the Supreme Court in Wash ington are copied and exaggerated in the lower courts. In London twenty three judges settle the high-class law suits for all England and Wales. They do it promptly, completely and with very few reverses on appeal. It takes forty-three judges to do the same grade of .work for New York City alone, and we know to. our sorrow how promptly they try cases and how their judgments stand on appeal. In the years 1900, 1901, for example; only 10 per cent of the London cases were ap pealed to 33 per cent of the New York cases. Of the small number appealed from the London courts, but 2 9 per cent were reversed, while 40 per cent of those taken up from the New York courts were reversed. There are only half as many of the London as there are of the New York Judges, but they do twice as much work, and since they do It threa times as well, we are con strained to admit, however reluctantly, that they are Just twelve times as ef ficient. To put it somewhat brutally, one British Judge is equivalent to twelve Yankee Judges.. Can the secret of the trouble lie in the fact that our. courts have been a little too much exempt from that calling to account which is moderately wholesome for every human being? English judges have to render a strict statement to the public, of their time and their work. Why should not ours do the same? This atmosphere of infinite leisure in the precincts of the law is' doubtless extremely elegant, but does it pay? How long can we afford to keep turning the mills of justice with no grist In the hopper and no meal in the bag? The American visible supply of wheat Is down to 13,000,000 bushels, not quite ten days' supplies at the av erage daily rate of consumption In this country. As a result of these dimin ishing supplies, cash wheat is selling more than 25 cents per bushel higher than it was when Secretary Wilson placed In circulation his ridiculous March report showing 143,000,000 bushels in farmers' hands. Meanwhile short sellers and speculators who still have faith in the Agricultural Depart ment are selling wheat which they do not own at prices from 15 cents to 35 cents under the cash price, in the be lief that an early harVest will provide plenty of wheat to be delivered on these "short" contracts. The situation is nearing an acute stage, and, un less there are heavy" arrivals of new wheat early next month, there will be a market for the July option that will make the figures prevalent during Patten's alleged "corner" seem mild in comparison. Down ln Salem this week a man waa hanged, and on the gallows he said it waa due to booze. A great many men who do an immense sight of damage ln the world through' the booze habit are never hanged, but they come close to the gal lows frequently. It is a curse so plain It can be seen with the ' eyes shut. It can be stopped only by stopping the booze. Albany Democrat." ' This is one of the most philosophical disquisitions, we have ever seen. But of all abuses in the world " the conse quences of abuse of the sexual relation are incomparably the greatest. Let us have prohibition. Let us abolish woman and get the temptation out of the way. . - ' While the ' Gould 'family is filling space in the news columns it might be timely to remark that the late Jay Gould made the mistake of many mil lionaire fathers In training but one son to take care of the business. That has been a Vanderbilt trait, too. With little or no responsibility and more money than they can use in the ordi nary walks of life, perhaps the younger sons are not wholly to blame for their seeming foolishness. For twenty-two years the best train between San Francisco and Portland and the one carrying the largest num ber of passengers passed through the Willamette Valley at' night, arriving here at breakfast time. Hereafter travelers from San Francisco on the new twenty-seven-hour train will see the finest agricultural section of the world by daylight. They will help to spread its fame. There was a slump in the stock mar ket yesterday on a report that E. H. Harriman was seriously 111. There may be plenty of men who are men ially equipped fcr taking up th Ha' rlman burdo.i. when the wizard goes hence, but the action of the stock mar ket would indicate that a great many investors and speculators do not be lieve that such is the case. Chicago women are unanimous in the testimony that they are able to dress on less than (40,000 a year. Good. All women should follow their modest example. We wonder if Eve is reading the newspapers nowadays? Appointment of Dr. C. H. Wheeler as : City Physician, as announced by Mayor-elect Simon, will meet with general approval. Dr. Wheeler is en ergetic, level-headed and competent in every way for the duties of the office. If Calhoun's lawyers had known that there were ten Jurors for acquit tal they might not so readily have cm. sentef! to a mistrial. Were they sur prised when they learned about it?. Mr. Dickenson will learn that the scandal in his family, which he strove to end by the "unwritten law," has Just begun to attract attention.- Radium is now quoted at $8,000,000 a pound. Howard Gould ovrght to be thankful that his wife needed none for her wardrobe. Binger Hermann, after hearing about the Calhoun jury, probably hung out the flag on the front porch. Of course Brother Brougher was merely given the deep-water degree by the Shriners. Without ice. Should not those discharged de tectives, still drawing pay, quit their "snaps" with Mayor Lane? JUNE 22, 1909. 1 . 1 ' " " : POLLINATION OF THE APPLE. Remits of Experiments Set Forth in Agricultural College Bulletin. That cross-pollination of apples is nature's rule, and improves not only productivity of orchards, hut sim and color of fruit.' are results of ex- ftnmems conducted by the Oregon Ag ricultural College Experiment Station A bulletin on the experiments, written by C. I. Lewis and C. C. Vincent, who had them in charge, has been recently issued. . It contains much information mat should be of value to apple. cul tufists. . - , . The subject is not a new one; in deed, cross-pollination has been upheld for some time both thenr.H-iiiv. unH practically by many orchardlsts. . But it du Deen attacked by a considerable number of other nrnn k inaiC that the claims made for it have not been justified by the results. Every well-informed orchardist, however, sets out his trees nowadays with varieties arranged for pollination according to the best Information he possesses. The Agricultural College Bulletin supports the claims for cross-pollination by a series of convincing, tests that apple growers should be prompt to read. Further experiments will be needed to determine the best varieties for pollenizers. This matter is little known in Oregon. Efficiency of cross-pollination depends on. "knowledge of the relative blooming periods of the dif ferent varlefies." This relation is not the same in all localities. Climate, site, soil, exposure and health of trees all have important influence. A variety of apple that is. a good pollentzer of the almost self-sterlle Spitzenberg in Hood River may not serve so wpll In Grand Ronde or Rogue River. Lack or mis Knowledge no doubt has done much to discredit cross-pollination. "In every locality where fruit-growing has become a specialty," says the Bulletin, "the blooming periods or the different kinds of fruits should be known." This knowledge will be acquired in time , for all localities of the Pacific Northwest; in some places, such as Hood River. RnniA t? !vd. -v some parts of the Willamette Valley mum naa Deen gained already. It will not do to condemn a. demnrmt m tori not. ural fact on Insufficient evidence that is, on lack or Information and occa sional failures resulting therefrom. A self-sterile variety la defined as "one that will not fertilize lis with its own pollen" and a self-fertile '"'"J one mat will perform this function." Betwenn I ho are varieties designated "partially seir- wnicn fertilizes themselves to limited degree. "In every case when a variety appeared to he BPlf-fci-nio an improvement could be made in cross ing witn some other variety." Varie ties that are abundantly self-fertile yielded better results when crossed with other kinds of apples. Out of 87 varieties experimented with, 59 were found self-sterile. 15 self-rertile and 13 partially seir-fertlle. Of the two most famous Oregon -arle.ties Newtown and Spitzenberg the former is classed among the self-fertile, but "in. every case where a cross was made a much larger and finer apple was obtained;" while the Spitzenberg, though partially self-fertile, "can almost be classed among the self-sterlle varieties and for commercial purposes should be cross pollinated." This characteristic may explain the variant .crops of the Spit zenberg; apples. In barren years, weath er conditions may Interfere with the carrying of oollen (mm th.- . or with simultaneus blooming of a vouenuing variety. These pollination experiments at the College covered the years 1907 and 1908. They are not complete and further in vestigations will be made this year, to determine chiefly color effects of cross pollinatlon and the relative effective ness of varied cross-pollinations on the Yellow Newtown and the Spitzenberg. The College Bulletin remarks, how ever, that the information gathered at Corvallis, may not be Invariable for other parts of the state, since there are differences in blooming periods ln different localities. Good pollenizers are listed as follows: For Spitzenberg Yellow Newton, Ortley Arkansas Black. Jonathan and Red Cheek SPP,n;n,al." Gravene'n. Stark. Mammoth Black Twig. Hanwell Souring. Washington Bottle Oreenlng, Hydes Keeper. Wagener King of Tompkins County, York Imperial and Delicious. For Yellow. Newton Spitzenberg. Jona than. Grimes Golden, Ben- Davis, White Bellnower. White pippin; also Hover's Red. Arkansas Biack. Tolman Sweet, Maiden's Blush. Hanwell Souring, Pewaukee. York Imperial, Bailey's Sweet, Pumpkin Russet. Hyde's Keeper, Twenty Ounce. Among the best known varieties the following are classed as self-sterile or partially self-fertile: Self-sterile Arkansas Black, Yellow Bell flower. Gravensteln, Hyde's Keeper, Jona- w,f. KAnf, OI Sompi,n's County. Maiden's Blush. Ortley, Red Cheek Pippin. Rome Beauty, WInesap. Self-fertile Baldwin. Grimes Gold. Yellow xtewtown. Partially self-fertile -Ben Davis. Rambo, Spitzenberg. Wagner. Insects must be depended upon to dis tribute pollen. "Wind cannot be re lied upon as an agency to transfer pollen from tree to tree throughout the orchard." This is a fact, says the Bulletin, established by the ex periments. It is necessary that api aries be established in the fruit sec tions. . . . "From the observations made in the past two years. It Is evi dent that bees play an Important part in the fertilization of the blossoms." Results of these experiments will be valuable aids to the apple . industry. The tests further extended will assist all. branches of fruit culture. It is the logical use of scientific principles. . I e Professor Taiuck Makes Explanation. WILLAMETTE UNIVERSITY, Salem Or., June 20. (To the Editor.) The writeup In last Saturday's Oregonlan concerning my dismissal from Willam ette University does not state those reasons which the committee on teach ers gave me last April. First, they said they had to readjust their teaching staff. Second, I was not able to speak English sufficient for the work I had to do. Third, I had not taken as deep interest ln the revival meetings at the college as the presi dent demanded of his professors. Fourth, I had confused the theology of my students. -It is not for me to decide whether I was a "misfit" in Willamette Univer sity or not. But it is a serious matter for my reputation as a spiritual char acter and an able educator to be charged with "lack of tact in dealing with the other members of the faculty," or even with having caused "friction." If I am too short-sighted to be aware of the former. I ought to have noticed at least the latter. On the contrary, I wish here publicly to express my high esteem of the men and women con cerned, and to thank them for the pleasant fellowship and co-operation I was able to enjoy for so short a time only. PROFESSOR EDWIN TAUSCH. ORGANIZATION FOR EX-REGULARS Veteran Snararrsts Old Soldiers Have a Military Order of Their Own. ' PORTLAND. Juno ! (T th. rait.. Many must have noticed on Decoration nay. when the heroes of two wars are gathered on the streets to honor the memory of former comrades who have answered "Here" to the last roil call, that here and there among the people are men who cannot keep their feet still When the Toll Of tha Hmm Kwm. onrf Old Glory is unfurled. With head erect u. SIVOUIaers thrown back, thetr eyes shine with military excitement when the assembly is sounded, and they feel like railing in" along with other ex-soldlers. Vho are these men? "Oh. only regu lars, as a woman waa heard to ex claim when her attention was directed to a squad or such men recently. True, they wear no badges upon their breasts, neither have they membership ln any G. A. R. or Spanish-American War Vet erans' Association, and they have no standing or recognition anywhere among civilians, even ir they have braved the heat and sand storms of Idaho, the fierce Winters of Montana, and bravely fought an ambushed foe in Oregon, Washing ton and Wyoming. These are the men who served under Crooks, Gibbon, Reno and Howard; men who endured great hardships, long marches over dreary wastes of uninhab ited country, and suffered from wounds and 111 health as a consequence. These are the men who subdued the savage tribes of the West, who cleared the way for civilization, and made it possible for the thrifty husbandman to erect his dwelling and cultivate the soil where once the campfire of fierce tribes burned and the war trail led. Why hava these ex-soldlers no organ ization similar to the G. A. R.? Are they unworthy of recognition, these men who fought the Modocs, the Sioux and the Nez Perces? Do not the Big Hole, the Rosebud and the lava beds fights entitle them to something better than to be spoken of ln a contemptuous manner? All hail to President Taft for giving the regulars, ex- and otherwise, the meed of praise due them, and ha'l to The Ore gonlan for voicing his sentiments m a recent editorial. Why cannot the ex-regulars have their organization, and why not- lay the found ation Of it In Clvnimn? T ... T- . . its birthplace, and from here Its ramifl- sureoo to tne Atlantic. Comrades, even if we are but "ex-regulars," let us join in this movement, and a year hence all those who have not an swered to the last "taps" fall ln line on Memorial day. in the rear ranks, ir nec essary, but let us be there, one and all. led by the flag we followed ln years e? & A. B. COE. 237 Mitner street. - . IS IT "MISGUIDEp EFFORT"? A Word About the Chinese and Chi nese Missions. PORTLAND. June 21. (To the Edi tor.) As touching your editorial. "Mis guided Effort." ln this morning's Issue. I am bound to acknowledge, after five years' connection with a Chinese mis sion, that a great deal of It is true, while some again is not. It is simply waste of time to Are the Bible and the prayer book at men who are not suffi ciently versed in our language to un derstand the phraseology or the mean ing of the words, but many can be reached by other means. If the secu lar teachers are kind, gentle, . consist ent, truthful and dependable as to at tendance, the Chinese, "seeing their good works." may be led to "glority their Father who is in heaven." The Chinese are a literal people, and with them no excuse Justifies a broken en gagement. One breach will cause a greater loss of faith in Christianity than 20 subsequent attendances will rectify. , But the Chinese can be reached. I have in mind one here in Portland who is. I think,, the most consistent Chris tian, white or Oriental, of my acquain tance, doing constantly personal mis sionary work among his compatriots. Into the hands of such Chinamen as he should be given the work of teach ing the tenets . of Christianity, since such men can do more, using their own tongue and idioms, than all the minis ters and Sunday-school teachers in town can do in a language with which they are but little" acquainted. So far as the case in New York is concerned, I fall to see why It should reflect in any way upon Chinese mis sions in general. A few years ago a fiend in human form, -Theodore Durant, a Sunday-school teacher and not an Oriental, foully murdered two young girls whose acquaintance, if my mem ory serves' me, he made in the Sunday school room. Yet it has never been proposed to drop the Sunday schools nor to prevent young ladies from at tending them; and while the Chinese missions may not be a decided success, so far as the inculcation of Christian ity is concerned, they at least make in telligent, law-abiding, Americanized citizens, among whom the young ladies who do most of the teaching are as safe as anywhere else, so long as they at tend strictly to the business for which they are engaged. W. E. TYRRELL. " KEEP - OFF - THE - GRASS " SIGNS Call for Reform on the Grounds Sur rounding the Postofflce. PORTLAND, June 16 (To the Ed itor.) It is the privilege of a great organ like The Oregonlan to rouse the real spirit or the people. The Portland spirit is growing, for which give praise, but not ail have yet learned how to spell Progress with a capital. If the editor has never observed be fore, let him take the trouble to see the "keep-off-lhe-grass" signs on the Yamhill-street side of the Postofflce building, and then let him point out to the public that some new signs would be a good Investment for the post-" master, the custodian of the building and grounds. There is something lack ing somewhere, or those signs would not .have been there for over two years. We are to have many visitors here this Summer, and most of them come through these grounds at one time or another, and we do not want to be ashamed of anything that belongs to Portland. Too bad they were there last week. Yours for progress, ELIZABETH REDDE. Says Tobacco Is "Nasty." VANCOUVER, Wash., June 21. (To the Editor.) In a recent issue of The Ore gonlan W. V. Lance takes an ormortu- nlty to defend tobacco, using over 1200 useless woras. it nas long been known that tobacco is a useless drug, and that t'o very many individuals it is not onlv harmful, but In some cases exceedingly fjuiflunuus. i nere is no airect good in it. and no benefit to be derived from Its use. From an aethetlc point of view a hoa- could not defend the use of tobacco Here is a familiar dialogue: He "Is it onensive ror a gentleman to smoke in your presence?" She "I do not know. No gentleman ever did." All men of good breeding- and gentlemanly -habits rerrain irom smoking in the presence of women. They do not smoke in a parlor, church or theater. And If so ciety cannot tolerate tobacco in the home or in the public gathering, why should It be tolerated in the street? Whv is the glue factory moved out of town? It is not offensivs to the eyes. But tooacco cnewing is otrenslva to both nose and eyes. I have never looked into the diction ary ror the word "nasty," but I have been told many times by tobacco-users that chewing tobacco la hasty. Don't tall your friend. Mr. Lance, to write again. - H- 'S. GODDARD. RELIGIOtS PRIVATE JtDGMEXT. Answer to Dr. Brougarr'a Remarks on Catholics by a Portland Priest. PORTLAND, June 21. (To the Ed itor.) Sunday evening Dr. Brougher undertook to preach from the text. h", kow the truth and the JJl sha , make you 'free " The contended that the Masons, tfaptists and many other denominations are one in their fundamental doc trines. He earnestly pleaded for "co operation In the great work of bring ing about that reign of truth, when 0r,d "hal1 be free from 8i d cL f,qiences and th Kingdom of God shall be supreme." "The 'doctor's sermon would have been more Interesting and none the less in structive had he taken pains to lndl cate Just what doctrines are funda mental, and which truth he wished to reign. It is eminently desirable in deed that the kingdom of God should out it is also important to understand lust h t n.iw.. citizenship in such a kingdom involves. ouciors pronouncements are too vague. The ororioaitinn h Heavenly Father has a right to be sov- !s simply worded, to be sure but it bristles with a thousand prac tical difficulties. We have read the New Testament ofr and on and have tound therein verv little enih,i..,i.. praise or private judgment. "J uon 1 Know just what texts one could quote in support or the conten 1 every man has a right to think as he sees fit. That may be good Baptist teaching, but it Is hardly in accord with the notions or St. Paul " n H"8el irom heaven preach to vou . doctrine dirrerent from th.t ,-m you have received from us, let him be anathema" Possibly St. Paul was nar row, but he is generally credited with having a good hold of Christian princi ples. Christ himself, the author and finisher of our faith, spoke frequently to the same purpose. The admirable text about "Knowing the truth." which me ooctor selected, but does not em brace, sets forth clearlv enough the mind of the divine teacher on "funda mentals" and "private Judgment." wnen jnrlst spoke of believing as a condition of salvation, he had in mind the definite, coherent body or truth which he had come to reveal. His whole mission was to do a wav . -with private judgment and private error, and put in their place authoritative teach- ins ana iniauioie truth. "Going there fore, teach ye all nations, teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you." ... . "Ha who hears you. hears me: h whn rf- splseth you, desplseth me." Dr. Brougher reads his Bible to little purpose if he thinks he finds therein any justifica tion of the absurd notions which he propounds in his sermon of last Sun day. "Private judgment," and "funda mentals" did not come in with Christ and the Apostles; no, they came with the so-called reformation, and they have since been steadily grinding Protestantism rnto so fine a powder. Protestantism into so fine a-powder away. Perhaps the doctor was only Joking the Masons when he gave them the text, "You shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free." But ne snould not impose on the Baptists. But what concerns us mora than hi travesty of real Bible teaching. Is his gentle tribute to Roman Catholics. He says: "The Roman Catholic Church has always regarded the soul as incom petent to deal alone with God." Before delivering himself of this the doctor said he did not wish to be unkind. Well, sugar-coating does not . make a lie more palatable even to a Catholic. Catholics do not believe that they are robbed of their sotl freedom by the priests, but they are glad to be saved from the perpetual flood of White Temple buncombe. And, as to the right to worship God according to tho dictates 'of their own conscience, they have the idea universally that they are enjoying that privilege to the full. They come to mass on Sunday precise ly because their conscience dictates that course of action, and for no other reason. When they get down on their knees at divine service and raise their minds and hearts to God to praise him. and thank him, and ask his help and beg his forgiveness, they do not feel that any priest is clogging the activi ties of their souls. As to the functions of the hierarchy, that is a large question, and we shall not try to deal with it here. The point is that the church of the Bible is a church with a hierarchy. God had bis priests and prophets in the old dis pensation, and Christ adopted the plan of human instrumentality in the new. He selected his apostles and sent them out to be his ambassadors. He might have done difrerently, it Is true, but we are concerned with facts, not with pos sible plans. And he established a hierarchy not as a hindrance but as a help to mankind In its search for truth and guidance. Ir I were to fur nish all the scriptural evidence for these propositions, I would have to embody the whole New Testament in this brief .article, and the result would be that I would not get even this much printed. If we look around us for a minute, and compare the hierarchical system of the Catholic Church with the merry-go-round organization of sectarian bodies, it will not be hard to discover where the higher efficiency lies. A Catholic bishop gets something done because he is a real power and not a weather-vane to Indicate which way ne clerical winds are blowing. Priests have some degree of efHciency and some real hold upon the affections of their people, because they have some practical knowledge of obedience, self sacrifice, chastity and prayer. "I am with you all days even to the end of time," that is Christ's compact with his priesthood. The priest knows that if he leads a truly priestly life, and does not go wrong like the sons of Heli, God will bless his endeavors and make him a power for good. "I have chosen you, that you may go forth and bring forth fruit, and that your fruit may remain." And the Catholic priesthood Is bring ing forth fruit. Go where you will throughout the United Stares, and you will find multitudes of devout Catholic people, whose hearts are near and dear to God, willing to testiry that, their attachment to faith hnd the charitable enterprises of their religion is due in no small measure to the labors and virtues or a zealous, devoted priest hood. The essence or religious freedom is the possession of truth, and the means to fulfill its obligation. When Christ speaks of truth making one free, he contemplates that liberation which frees from blindness, from error, from evil passions, from the tyranny of in dividualistic guidance. He was not thinking of the Masons, of private judgment, or of fundamentals, when he uttered those words, except as so many oppositions to the evtdent purport of his revelation. A little honest inquiry will convince Dr. Brougher that he does the Catholic Church an injustice when he judges the priesthood and the hierarchy a stum bling block in the way of the spiritual advancement of the people. The obvi ous fact that there is an abundance of piety and devotion and healthy moral life among Catholic people and very little of it elsewhere, is sufficient evidence to contravert his unpardon able calumny. GEORGE THOMPSON. Assistant Pastor Cathedral of the Im maculate Conception. . Maybe the Name Tempted Him. Pittsburg Dispatch. At the primary election in Chester County, Pa., one voter cast his ballot for Miss Isabel Darlington,, a West Chester attorney, for judge. A