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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 24, 1908)
THE MORNING OKEGOyiAN, TUESDAY, XOTmiBER 24, 1903. PORTLAND. PRECOX. Entered at -Portland. Orfan, poatolllca a Scoad-Claaa Matter. Batrtcriptioa Bates Inwtablr I" il"oc (By Malt) Pally, eunlay Included, oaa year. Dalir. Sun lay lucluded. aim montna... J Pally. fiun.Iay Included, ttirea montna.. -- pally. Sunlay Inclurted. m month.... Ili r, without tun-lay. one year I.aiiy. anion Sunuay. six montna..... a . pally, wltr out BunJay. thraa months... Iai:y. without Sunday, ona mantn Weekly, oca year i Sunday, ona year Sunday an 1 Weekly, otja year a Br Carrier ) Dally. Fun-lay Included, ona year...... w Xal.y. suntiay included, ona month.... Haw hVmll Send poatodlca money order, xpreaa order or pernaj cheek on your local bank. Stampa. coin or currency a-e at the sender's risk- Olve postofflc ad dress In foil. Indudln county and lata. rmtin Kales 10 to 14 paea. 1 nt: ! to : paea a cent.: 80 to 4 Hft. cent.. 4o to So resea. 4 cenla. Foreisn posiasa double rate. FMrra Baalneaa OITic The 8 C. Feck wttli Bp.4sl Anency New Tork. roornr 4M SO Tribune bul..lin. Cacao. ruoina Trifoone buildma FORTtANI". nFCDAV, OV. M. 1BOS. rARNEcrfra AirvifTC Havlng gouged the people of the United States, by means of so-called protective tariff, out of his snug Uttle fortune of liOO.000.000. Andrew Carnegie now expresses the opinion that the "Infant" has outgrown the need of further' protection. Accord ingly, that protective duties should 1ther be abolished, or greatly re duced. It Is like talking to the wind. Carnegie has made enough out of the system, and now advises Its aban donment. But there are yet others who want to make fortunes out of It. too though none can expect the measure of success that Carnegie ob tained. Smaller fortunes, however, will suffice. Whoever, therefore, is engaged In any line of Industry for whose products there Is hope of higher prices through protective tariff, will stand against repeal or re duction: and all who are so Interested will stand together. In support of the svstem. The working people of the country are easily persuaded that they get higher wages, as a consequence; and in meir canes doubtless It is true. But It is all achieved at the higher cost of goods to consumers, of whom the working people constitute the larger part. It is useless to keep this subject under the hammer. For the whole country has Just Indicated, by a gen eral election, that it Intends to main tain tariff for protection. Everything that could possibly be said or urged against the system and Its abuses was presented during the recent political campaign. Now, it Is certain that since the system Is to be maintained It will be impossible to sacrifice some parts of It for protection of others. All will stand together, on the prin ciple or plea that any breach in the system will produce combinations for its overthrow. Carnegie's advice wjlll not be foi:owed at all; first, because he, as the chlefest of the beneficiaries of the tariff, is in no position to give such counsel, at least till he shall have accepted the advice that was given to the man who was told, "Still thou lacket one thing"; and second, because his example and success greatly excite the desire of others, who wish opportunity to Imitate him, even In small ways. The committee that in "taking tes timony" will make some kind of re port to Congress; but such sugges tions as it may make will be useless, certainly ineffective, because when the subject shall come before Con gress the representatives of each state and of each district will Insist that their own particular Interests not only shall not be sacrificed, but shall be conserved, according to their merits as estimated by themselves. Any considerable changes, therefore, that may be recommended by the committee, will be turned down by Congress. But In fact no radical changes will be proposed. The elec tions show that the time has not come for what critics of protective policy and politie-.ans who take up the cry call tariff reform. It may come some time; but the country still believes that protective tariff is the key to its prosperity. The Oregonlan finds this so evident that It Is forced to the con clusion th.it itself and other free traders might better devote their studies to other subjects, say those of the law and the prophets. NEW St'BSIDV DISCOVERY. Ship-subsidy boosters discover all sorts of strange reasons for the de creasing size of the American mer chant marine, and among the latest additions to the list la something new from a Seattle man. Editor Parkin son, of a Seattle marine paper, is the discoverer of this new reason. At a public meeting in Seattle last week he stated that the true reason for this decline in American shipping was "the Congress of the United Slates and the presence at Washington of a gigantic foreign ship lobby." Further particulars of this "gigantic foreign Fhlp lobby" would he interesting. Every foreign shipowner is permitted by his government to buy ships in the open market, regardless of the flag they sail under. As a result there Is no other nation on the high seas to day that Is forced to do business with such high-priced tonnage as is forced orf the Americans by our absurd laws. The foreigner with a chenp ship costing about one-half as much as the American Is forced to pay has such an immeasurable advantage over the lat ter that there Is no reaosn why he should pav a lobbyist to prevent the funds of the American taxpayers be-' ing given to millionaire shipowners In the form of a subsidy. With ocean freights down to bedrock in all parts of the world, .with Idle tonnage rust ing In all of the big ports, and with Oregon and Washington wheat being carried 13.000 miles by tramp steam ers for ti per ton. the foreign ship owner has plenty of use for his sur plus funds without wasting them on a lobby to prevent legislation which could not possibly affect their micro scopic earnings. The past season would have been an excellent time for us to secure an American merchant marine, for the foreign shipyards accepted orders during the dull season at the lowest rates on record, and this country could not pay a subsidy large enough to offset thin enormous saving on the original cost of vessels. But a re vision of our navigation laws that would enable us to enter the race for icean business on even terms with our competitors, would not bring with it a whol y unnecessary subsidy. American shipmasters on trans-Atlantic liners are paid the same sal aries as the foreign masters, and In the trarr.p steamers they are paid slightly higher wages. In the case of the crew, in the foreign trade tne wages are the same on all ships. For eign ships taking a crew from Port land. Puget Sound or any otnPr American port, pay the "going wages" of the port.- and the American ship does the same. The only real insur mountable handicap that Is suffered by the Americans Is the refussl of the Government to grant to American clt ly.ens the right to purchase vessels at as low a cost as they can be purhcased under the flag of other countries. It would be a sickly merchant marine we would have if it became neces sary to subsidize our patriots In order to secure It. fOIXMBIA KIVKK rOUft. To the long letter on Columbia River pollcv, printed today, in which the position of The Oregonlan as to the right course to be pursued Is ques tioned. The Oregonlan has but brief reply to make. For brief reply will cover the main points. (1) What will be the good of an open upper river when ships of suffi cient size for the trade of the country cannot enter and depart from the Co lumbia River? (2) What will be the good to Portland of pressing Improvement of the upper river, with neglect of the lower river and bar? (J) Of what use more than merely local and small and temporary use will be any facility for trans portation down the Columbia Klver, If the products can't be carried out to sea? Observe that large vessels are necessary now. Not at all. nor for one moment, does The Oregonlan oppose any Im provement of the navigation of the Upper Columbia and its tributaries. But it says, because It knows, that an open way to the ocean is the first necessary thing. Every conduit must be widest towards Its mouth: and the outlet must be made to suit the In take. When you build a house you should begin with the foundation and basement; not with the roof and the rafters. What Is the position of Portland? It is for Portland herself to consider. A deep river must be maintained from Portland to the sea, or Portland will cease to exist. But Portland will not cease to exist. Therefore' she will maintain a deep river to the sea, and will continue her work to Increase the present depth. Already Portland has put a great deal of money into this work. She must put more. She must put in creasing sums. She must raise them by taxation since Government will do nothing for relief of the situation. But what manner of man is that citi zen of Portland who urges tha: main effort of the Government be concen trated on rocky points of the upper river, while the ship channel Uelow Is left without Government aid, and Portland is forced to go deeper and deeper into her pocket to maintain the necessary channel to the sea, for the whole Columbia region? All the traffic of the Columbia Val ley will be nothing, or Insignificant, without communication by deep ves sels with the sea. Some of our people, it seems, find it difficult, or Impossible, to understand simple propositions. They don't know that the up-river navigation they contend for will be useless, or nearly so, without deep lower river navigation and exit to the sea. Nor can they for a moment comprehend Portland's position, or her relations to the problem. But Portland knows: and therefore Port land Is taxing herself enormously to pay sums that the United States ought to pay. The General Government ought to do for the Lower Columbia what It Is doing for the Lower Dela ware, and for the commerce of Port land what It is doing for the com merce of Philadelphia. But it seems there are some people In Portland who do not think so. That la because they are short-sighted, and haven't Judgment to keep silence. orEN-AIR SCHOOLS. A novel method of overcoming the plague of illiteracy that literally scourges the province of Abruzzi, Italy, has been instituted by the Minister of Public Instruction in that kingdom. Elementary Instruction has been sadly neglected In Italy. In the Abruzzi, for example, over sixty-eight tion. without which men can neither read nor write and to the density of their ignorance is ascribed a long train of evils. The majority of the In habitants of the Abruzzi live for the greater part of the year In huts In tha mountains, far from towns and vil lages, tending their flocks, and In their large leisure hatching mischief. To reach these people with instruc tion, without which men can neither be good subjects nor worthy citi zens, the Italian Minister of Public Instruction has suggested the employ ment of what he calls "ambulant teachers," 1. e., teachers who. Instead of conducting clases In the schools, expecting the children of these moun tain shepherds to come to them, go themselves to the mountains and there teach them in the open air. In sight of their grazing flocks. In pursuance of this plan a number of teachers have been provided with horses and every morning they ride up and down beating tha coun;ry for pupils. These being rounded up, so to speak. in sufficient numbers, classes are organized, and study. In struction and recitation go on In the open air In sight of the grazing flocks. The plan is working well. Not only the boys, for whom it was' first insti tuted, but the men as well, attend these open-air classes, and thus It often happns that the father and two or three sons are seen side by side in the same class. What the fathers lack in the quickness that belongs to youth is more than made up by their earnestness and devotion to the work in harrd. A more ideal situation for study than that presented by a care-free peasantry on the hills under the blue of the Italian sky can scarcely be Imagined. The effort, though scarcely a season bid. Is already bearing fruit. The signs of vanishing illiteracy ap pear In men and boys who spend their spare time In studying their lessons or In writing exercises on the black board, which Is usually placed next to the sheep pens, and It is predicted that in a few years every Abruzzi shepherd will be seen reading a book while tending his flock. This educational effort and oppor tunity does not extend to the women and girls of the province. The idea of educating the women of the peasant class has not yet Invaded Italy. They are chief among menials In a condi tion of life in which a-li are menials. Mothers of numerous Children: the most servile of caretakers: densely Ignorant of the world beyond their line of vision their native beauty soon fades, and early old, they live on and on, the petty details of their narrow lives sufficing to 'fill the measure of their existence. Before the new ed ucatlonal movement becomes fully effective among the Italian peasantry tt must include In Its endeavor at least the girls and young women, since all experience has proved that Ignorant wives and mothers are a handicap upon civilization. PESTROVIN'G JfATVRK, . BALANCE. When man interferes In the wild animal kingdom and slays Its denizens the balance set up by nature is usuaily destroyed and special indus tries suffer. Thus, when the ranks of the predatory coyote are decimat ed the prolific Jackrabblt Increases to the detriment of the alfalfa fields; when a bounty is put upon hawks and every gunner is abroad seeking this despoller of chicken coops, field mice multiply and the farmers' grain fields are looted by the busy, voracious In vader; the slaughter of lnsect-eatlng birds is followed by an Increase of orchard, garden and field pests. The crow and the skunk are about the only predatory creatures, the kill ing of which will not affect disas trously some industry. According to a statement recently made, these pests are the chief enemies of the Chinese pheasant, being perniciously indus trious In hunting out the nests and destroying the eggs. The skunk, not content with eating the eggs, has an appetite also for the young chicks and the pheasant, has no defense what ever against this depredator. It Is suggested in connection with a close season of three years for these birds that the Legislature offer a bounty for crow and skunk scalps, since neither of these creatures protects any Indus try by their depredations and they are the most despicable of sneak thieves of the wild. But why the Legisla ture? Why not the several counties that have pheasants to protect? ADVICE TO DEMOCRATS. What the Democratic party needs Is not reorganization, but dissolution. It must be analyzed by fire into Its ultimate elements before It can ever amount to .inything effective. Once entirely free, those elements would re combine into a party which might play a worthy part In history. That the Democratic party as such can ever do so, few unprejudiced persons be lieve. It has no distinct, principles, no purpose and no leadership. It per forms no function which is not better and more congruously performed by the Republicans. It is absurd to think that party government can subsist on two conservative parties. Their prin ciples being substantially the same, neither can effectively criticise the other. Constitutional opposition de generates to insincere word play and political campaigns amount to noth ing but a sordid scramble for office. The Democratic party has already been reorganized to death. It ought now to confess frankly that it is dead, to cease its uncouth and. somewhat ghastly mimicry of life, and after a decent funeral mingle peaceably with the spherical all. From its revered ashes would arise, Phoenix-like, a new party which would supply the country with much-needed opposition and criticism. Party government im plies two parties of opposite princi ples, not two which differ merely in the fact that one outnumbers the other. The Democratic party, if it does its duty to the country, will re organize by disbanding. rNEQCAA YOKING. It is rather startling to learn from Rabbi Emll G. Hirsch. of Chicago, that Unitarian and Catholic Chris tians have more in common than have reformed and orthodox Jews. Relig iously, he means, of course. He does not iwtsh to imply that the reformed Jew becomes of different flesh and blood from his orthodox brother, but that their beliefs and practices are far apart. George Eliot depicted some of the orthodox practices in "Daniel Deronda," probably to the life. There Is nothing repulsive about them. ' On the contrary, to one who has an in nate predilection for martyrdom they must be attractive. But a congenital taste for martyrdom is so rare that one fancies Dr. Hirsch is pretty shrewd when he urges the maidens of his congregation to beware of making orthodox matches. ' He is correct in saying that in most marriages the woman's mind is sub dued to the man's unless they agree at the outset. Methodist girls who wed Catholics may be looked for at the confessional within a few years, and the children are fairly certain to go to parochial schools. By the same rule a girl of strict piety who marries a "liberal" husband presently finds the bonds of her faith relaxing. This is the normal process In wedlock, though there are exceptions where the woman not only keeps her creed intact, but converts her husband. Dr. Hirsch is therefore Justified in his fear lest Jewish maidens who marry orthodox husbands may themselves relapse Into orthodoxy. At first glance one would not suppose this to be a very dreadful fate, but Dr. Hirsch evidently thinks there Is noth ing much worse and he is a man who usually has good reasons for his opin ions. He remarks, for one thing, that hi3 own God Is a different being from the one the orthodox Jew worships. We Infer, therefore, that Dr. Hirsch's concept of the Almighty is substan tially the same as other cultivated and progressive men's. To him the deity Is not a mere magnified simulacrum of an Assyrian monarch reveling In cruelty and delighting In slaughter. Far from it; he is a power that makes for righteousness. Justice and uni versal kindliness; and he dwells not apart from his universe on a throne of rpyal state, but he Is everywhere present. Walt Whitman said in a powerful verse that he found in the street every day signed letters from God. One fancies that Dr. Hirsch might express himself much In the same way If he were a great poet in stead of a great preacher. On the other hand. It seems that the strictly orthodox Jew, like the prehistoric Presbyterian, worships a being not unlike the Jehovah of Genesis. This tribal deity had many unlovely traits. He was revengeful, cruel, a foe to culture and exceedingly narrow minded. Evidently the Chicago rabbi means to Intimate that his worship ers resemble him. This does not necessarily follow. It is wonderful how much better men In general are than their creeds. Still, one who de liberately prefers the ancient Jehovah to a deity of modem type may with out injustice be supposed to have some of the same characteristics. He must, in fact, be of a mental type totally unlike the person who instinc tively prefers the enlightened concept of the Almighty. Here, then, we come upon the true reason why Dr. Hirsch advises progressive girls not to marry orthodox men. It Is not be cause their creeds differ and they have fqrmed their lives in diverse habits. All that can be Harmonized easily enough. It is because they be long to mental types so fundamentally unlike that they cannot be reconciled. Some marriages are miserable be cause husband and wife are fools. Excluding these from consideration, one may affirm pretty confidently that a couple can manage -to pull in har ness together in tolerable comfort if they look at life in the same general way. Otherwise they cannot George Eliot said a different taste in jokes was apt to wreck a marriage. Noth ing could be truer, because nothing strikes deeper root into one's being than his feeling for humor. Sectarian differences are not very profound as a rule, but between the mind which clings to the old Biblical Jehovah and the mind which accepts the modern enlightened universal Father the gulf that yawns Is impassable. The re formed Jew is much nearer to the progressive Christian type than he Is to the orthodox reactionary. Hence a woman of the reformed party in Israel is better assured of spiritual as well as mental sympathy from a Gentile husband than from a reac tionary of her own race. It appears, therefore, that Dr. Hirsch counseled wisely when he urged progressive Jewish women not to shun Christian marriages. Such marriages are also commendable on the broad ground that they tend to break up sectarian and racial excluslveness. The course of the Chicago wheat market Saturday and Mo"hday would Indicate that the heavy frost which was reported from the Argentine early last week had a greater effect in the bull camp in the Chicago wheat pit than at any other point. Liver pool, which follows the American ad vances with heavy and dragging foot steps, failed to show signs of cold feet when the Argentine frost was report ed, and yesterday suffered a further decline. Testerday's statistics were all bearish, the visible showing a heavy increase, with world's ship ments also 1,000,000 bushels greater than for the preceding week. For all this, there is a great deal of under lying strength in the market. With sixty pounds of corn selling for 80 cents, the same quantity of wheat at II to $1.07 does not seem abnormally high, and the price of the coarser cereal has been maintained at high figures for a much greater period than that of wheat. "The poor, benighted Hindu" seems to think the "best he kin do" is to remain In British Columbia; there fore, the offer of the Canadian gov ernment to send 2000 of these swarthy British subjects to British Honduras has been declined without thanks. Two of the Hindus made a trip to Honduras for the purpose of Investigating conditions there, and on their return advised their countrymen to remain where they are. It is. of course, the right of these men from the Far East to endure the slings and arrows, brickbats and clubs of out rageous fortune as exemplified by union labor rather than to rush boldly Into those of -which they know not. Still, In view of the treatment they have received, and with a cold Win ter approaching, it would seem that almost any place other than the Pa cific Northwest would have attractions for them. Ministers of twenty-five towns In the Kansas-Missouri zinc-rr.ining dis trict, in their petitions to the Al mighty on Thanksgiving day, will pray for a tariff on zinc ore. While the foreign zinc miners will probably fall to observe Thanksgiving day, they are undoubtedly Christians; if they should hear of this Missouri plan It might lead to an embarrassing di lemma. It seems reasonable to be lieve that prayers for a tariff on zinc, and also for free zinc, would place the Almighty in a position where he could hardly please both factions. There is, of. course, a possibility that he might regard the tariff as "a local issue" and decline to take any action in the matter. The Almighty would get drawn into many unpleasant com plications if he followed the petitions of some of his people, or all of his people. The citizens of Eugene have set themselves to the task of raising J50, 000 for the construction of a' T. M. C. A. building. So earnest and active have been those who have the details of the work in charge that something over 31,000 has already been pledged and there Is every reason to believe that the full sum will be realized. The example set in this matter by Eugene Is one that might commend- ably be followed by other prosperous Valley cities. The university town is jertalnly entitled to credit for the public spirit displayed in this under taking. Without doubt the desired end will be gained. The Shah of Persia has finally de cided that the people shall not have a constitution, and his proclamation to that effect has been issued. The leaven of reform is working in Persia as well as in many other outlying pre cincts throughout the w-orld where civilization has not yet secured a strangle hold. It would not be sur prising to learn before many weeKs pass that the people of Persia had decided that they did not care to have a Shah and that their proclamation was written in blood. Nearly two years ago Banker Ross, in one of his confidential letters, pre dicted that the legislators who put through the Oregon banking law would look back on their achievement with anything but pride. It thus transpires that one of Banker Ross distinguished accomplishments is that of being a prophet. The law has been a farce so far as he is concerned. The Statement legislators of Mult nomah County have been meeting be hind closed doors and developing their political secrets within. Not since the old boss days have the mem bers of the Legislature dared to shut out the public from their confidences. It surprises nobody who knows Salmon King Hume, of Rogue River, that sickness has been unable to "do him up" or carry him off; a lot of other enemies have tried that before. Official vote of Illinois: Taft. 630, 020; Bryan, 450.702. Plurality for Taft, 179,318. For Governor Deneen 648.385, for Stevenson 625,067. Plu rality for Deneen,-23.31 8. Remember, you growlers, that this warm rain makes the grass grow and helps the cows bring down the price of butter. Should the Kaiser ever meet Roose velt he should take some talking les- TOO ' LONG BETWEEN" DRIXKS Buyers of Liqnor by Freight Com plain of Slow Service. SALEM. Or., Nov. ' 23. (Special.) Buyers of intoxicating liquor in Linn and Lane counties are evidently having a hard time securing much desired thirst quenchers, for slow freights have added to the difficulties Imposed by the local option law. For relief an appeal has been made to the Railroad Commission. Robert Denton, of "Harrisburg. in Linn County reently complained to the Stan dard Liquor Company, of this city, that his order of a week ago has not yet been filled. The Standard Liquor Company transmitted his letter to the Railroad Commission with the further complaint that its shipments to Albany and othr Linn County towns are three days on the road while shipments to owns farther south are not delivered in less than four or five days. The liquor company says It has appealed to the Southern Pacific agent and he can not promise quicker dellverlfs, so Uie company asks the Railroad Commission to help secure better freight service. POWDER BADLY BURNS GIRL Lighted Match, Thrown to Floor, Drops Into Explosive. ALBANY, Or., Nov. 23. (Special.) Rose Osborne, a young woman residing at Waterloo, Linn County, was ternbly bumed last night in an explosion which occurred In a most peculiar manner. She was awakened during the night and believing she heard someone in the house struck a match. As the flame died down she threw the match toward the floor and it fell in a powder box. The explosion which followed moved the house partially off Its foundations and burned the girl severely about the head and body. Her Injuries are se vere but she will recover. The powder had been used by the girl's brother in mining and had been left in the bedroom, so as not to he near the stoves in the other parts of the house. In some manner the lid on the box had come partially off and left a hole through which the burning match dropped. PACIFIC HOXORS PEARSONS Philanthropist Loudly Cheered When He Appears at Chapel. PACIFIC UNIVERSITY, Forest Grove, Or., Nov. 23. (Special.) Dr. D. K. Pearsons, the noted college benefactor of Chicago, who has been visiting Pacific Uni versity for the past few days, left this afternoon for Southern California, where he will spend the Winter. The philan thropist has been acquainting himself with the needs of the university and ex pressed himself as much pleased with the work of the institution. Dr. Pearsons has" donated J6O.O0O to Pacific University and has stated his intention of doing more for the school in the near future. A large gathering of students and citizens of Forest Grove was held this morning in the college chapel in honor of the visitor. When Dr. Pearsons, accom panied by President Ferrin, stepped on to the platform, he was greeted by an ovation lasting many minutes. MAY HAVE TO SEND FOR VOTE Special Messenger May Go to Curry County for Returns. SALEM, Or., Nov. 23. (Special.) That the prolonged delay In securing election returns from Curry County Is not due to poor mail facilities is fully shown by the fact that Secretary of State Benson today received from Curry County an official letter mailed at Gold Beach on November 19. The letter came through In less than four days. Twenty days have passed since election and the returns have not yet been re ceived from Curry County. The statutes authorize the Secretary of State to send a special messenger after the returns if they cannot be ob tained In any other manner, and it may yet be necessary to send some one out to Curry County to find out what the official vote in that county was. HOPE TO ARREST RIPLIXGER Federal Aid Promised in EfforJ to Secure Defaulter. SEATTLE. Wash., Nov. 23. (Special.) Unless the plans of the State Department officials at Washington miscarry, John R. Rlplinger, Seattle's defaulting City Controller, who fled to Honduras after embezzling an amount in excess of J50. 000, will be arrested and brought back to this city within the next four weeks. Ripltnger, after leaving this country, fled to Honduras, where he hoped to evade arrest from the fact that Honduras had no extradition treaty with the Uni ted States. The fugitive is now located 12 miles from Irona, on the coast of Honduras, where he is operating a banana planta tion under the name of J. R. Rich. HENDRICKS FORGED CHECKS Missing Aberdeen Bookkeepei Leaves Bad Record Behind. ABERDEEN, Wash., Nov. 23. (Spe cial.) Forged checks amouning to a known total of $103 are now believed to have been issued by J. A. Hendricks, ex-bookkeeper of the American Con tracting Company, who has been miss ing for several weeks. The checks had been turned back to the company by the bank as cancelled when the forger ies were noticed. Hendricks' books are In bad shape, but this was attributed to neglect. A careful accounting will now bo made to determine the exact amount of the shortage. Hendricks comes from a well-to-do r ti oulvflnlo fnmllv. and freouentlv re ceived remittances from home. KILLED BY STRAY BULLET Seattle Youth Felled While Hunting Lost Cow on Fifteenth Avenue. S BATTLE, Wash., Nov. 23. (Special.) Roy W. Gager, who lived at 2101 Tenth avenue. South, was killed about S o'clock this afternoon by a stray bullet. Gager was found in a dying condition in the 3100 block on Fifteenth avenue South. Before he died he told G. Lively that some one had shot him, but he did not know who. It was evident he had walked a block after being struck by the bullet. Gager worked in the freight yards of the Great Northern Railroad and was hunting a stray cow when the accident happened. He was 22 years old. The police are investigating. Storm Abates at Coos Bay. MARSHFTELD, Or., Nov. 23. (Spe cial.) The storm of several days past has abated somewhat, but the sea is still rough. The Breakwater, which left yes terday for Portland, was the only boat to leave here. The Plant, Nan Smith and several other vessels are still in port. The breakers along the rocky coast south of here are exceptionally heavy. Yakima Seeks Jobbing Rates. NORTH YAKIMA. Wash.. Nov. 23. A movement is on to make North Yakima the jobbing center for all the valley from Kennewick to the Cascades. It was begun by the Hartung-Larson Hardware Com pany, which is seeking a local freight rate from the Northern Pacific with a view to establishing a wholesale hardware house. ENROLLMENT IS NOW 1072 O. A. C. Reports 135 Students From Outside State. CORVALLIS. Or.. Nov. 23. Special.) The total enrollment in the Oregon Agricultural College for the present semester Is 1072 students, distributed in the various courses as follows: Agricul ture. 168: forestry, 23; domestic science and art. 167; civil engineering. 114: elec trical engineering. lt)o; mechanical engi neering. 134; mining engineering. 52; commerce. 122; pharmacy. 89; music 40. Classified by counties, states and for eign countries,, the students are distrib-, tited as follows: Baker 17 'Wallowa 10 Benton . .ltl3:Wasco 14 Clackamas Clatsop Columbia . . . Coos Crook. ...... Curry Douglas Giin.im .... Omnt Harney .... Hood River. Jackson . . . . Josephino . . 4.'. Washington 42 . . 22 Wheeler . . Hi, Yamhill 52 . . 12 Alaska " .. SlCallfornla 18 4 Idaho IS leu1 India .ri Indiana 11 Iowa T K Illinois 1 21 Japan 1 IS Kansas " 12 Montana '2 lit Michigan 2 Klamatn J.ake Missouri - Lane 32: North Dakota .... 1. Lincoln ., SlOklahoma 1' llnn 4.1, New York 1 Malheur lilJNeoraska 9 Manon 3S Nevada 1 Morrow 26j Pennsylvania 3 Multnomah ?R;South Carolina 2 Polk "4South Dakota 3 Phetman l."!Texas 1 Tillamook ....... 7 rtah , I'matllla ill Washington . .... S Union 22 Wisconsin 3 SfMMARY. Whole- number from Orea-on 937 From other state and countries...... 133 Total 1,072 BUY CANNED STUFF SATURDAY Spokane Stores Not Allowed to Sell on Sunday. SPOKANE. Wash., Nov. 23. fSpe clal.) Every store In Spokane selling conned goods is warned to obey strictly the Sur.day-closing law. Grocers, bakers or any dealers in these goods whose store is found open November 29 next Sunday will be prosecuted under the state statute. Tho Prosecuting Attorney's office, through Deputy George A. Lee. has Is sued notice' to 75 stores, coming under this classification, that any violation of the Sunday-closing law by stores open ing for the sale of groceries or canned goods on November 29 or after will be prohibited. A committee of six or seven men will be in evidence Sunday to sea that the day is not desecrated. The order Issued by the Prosecuting Attorney's office does not apply to the canfectioners or cigar stores. It is un derstood that the order issued by Dep uty Lee was made because of complaints filed by members of the Spokane Retail Grocers' Association who were obeying the law. ASK CHAMBERLAIN TO SPEAK Oregon's Executive to Represent Governors at Washington. SALEM. 6r Nov. 23. (Special.) Governor Chamberlain has been Invited to represent all the Governors of the United States in an address at the open ing of the National Conservation Con ference at Washington, D. C, on De cember 8. He has accepted this invita tion as also an invitation to deliver an address before the Rivers and Harbors Congress, wich will be In session the same week. The invitation to speak ac the con servation Conference was conveyed in the following telegram from Gifford PInchot, head of the Bureau of Forest ry, who Is making the arrangements for the conference: "We are planning a Ereat meetlnp here to open conservation week on the afternoon of Tuesday. December 8. The President will u . :.- n ..necl. Tudrfl Taft al0- We want you to speak for the Governors. On acceptance I will write full particulars. SEEKS HER LOVER'S RECORD Ohio Girl Fears to Wed Man Lest He May Be Married. SPOKANE, Wash., Nov. 23. (Spe cial.) Fearing to wed a man with whom she had yept company for a year, lest he may have a wife and children or child in Spokane, Miss Grace William son, of 243 West Second street. East Liverpool. O., has written to Chief of Police Rice to learn of Frank Lowe's Spokane record. Miss Williamson states in her commu nication that she has heard that Lowe, who is seeking her hand in marriage, has been married for three years and that a wife and at least one child of the man live in Spokane. Miss Will iamson writes that, according to infor mation that has reached her. Lowe and his wife lived about four doors from the Gonzaga College, here in Spokane. No trace of "Frank Lowe" can be found in Spokane's city directory for 1906. 1907 or 1908, and it Is strongly sus pected that the lover has been slandered and that the wedding bells may soon ring for Miss Williamson. STOCKHOLDERS MUST PAY Receiver of La Grande Bank -Calls for 100 Per Cent Assessment. LA GRANDE. Or., Nov. 23. (Special.) Receiver Walter Neldner, of the defunct Farmers & Traders National Bank, will notifv stockholders of the suspended in stitution during the next week that an as sessment of loo per cent will be levied on all stock. The $60,000 capital stock will be used to defray expenses of the re ceivership and apply on the repayment of the depositors. Only Scriber, the bankrupt cashier of the defunct bank, cannot meet the as sessments. Scriber holds a majority of the stock and the assessment on that stock will be made a claim against the Scriber estate. The estate may pay 80 cents on the dollar, meaning a similar payment against the receiver claims. There are 25 shareholders In the corpora tion, most of them holding limited num bers of stock. HELD AT BAY BY AVILD MAN Four Men Make Capture Only After Promise of Auto Ride. TACOMA. Wash., Nov. 23. (Special.) Surrounded by two Deputy Sheriffs and two plain clothes men of the police force, John Kohobbofr, a Russian, about 28 years old, who. last night, viciously resisted the police and was left In his hut by the Puyallup River, near Dead Man Cut. this morning surrendered after being promised a ride in an auto mobile and a "square" breakfast. Last night three big officers tried to arest the wild man. but Kohobbofr braced himself In his den and bellowed like a mad bull. .Then he began to bite and scratch. He tore Detective Huckabas' coat with his teeth and left marks on the detectives hands. Spokane Eagles Challenge World. SPOKANE, Wash., Nov. 23. (Spe- , cial.) A challenge to all dril teams of the word for a competitive drill at the A.. Y. P. for a prize of not less than ilOOO is proposed to be issued by the Spokane Aerie, No. 2. of this city. "The degree team of the Spokane Eagles under Captain Robert A. Koontz will be pitted against any drill team in the world at the A. Y. P. if entries can be secured." stated Delegate Cary Smith today. "We have the matter under con sideration and a challenge will be Is sued by the Spokane Aerie." LEGISLATOR AXIJ THEIR DUTY War PTesiqeartnl Elector Vote- for Somlsef of Party. PORTLAND. Nov. 22. (To the- Ed itor.) Some appear to think there is analogy between Legislators and Pres idential Elector:.' The difference Is radical. There was a time when there was resemblance, but there is little or none now. Originally, Presidential Electors were chosen, not by the peoplo ) of the state directly, as now. but In such manner as the Legislatures of the several states directed. Our fathers originally intended to repose In Elec toie absolute control In secret ballot the final election of a President. This theory has become completely subvert ed in practice and years of acquies cence, though still much the same mechanism is employed. Shortly after our Constitution was adopted, our Electors became, to all in tents and purposes, absolute servants of political parties, merely to carry out party wishes, and to this day they for mally vote, the party Instruction not i the wish of even the whole people, sim ply the wish of a party. Today all Re publican Electors will vote for Taft, and all Democratic Electors will voto for Bryan. You will see no Bryan men voting for the whole peoples choice. Electors today are unlike Legislators, who are free for their own discretion ary action. Each Elector must act under oath of office, to support the Constitution as it Is now construed, and be a mere automaton to carry out, not his own will, nor even the people's will, but simply his party's will. For an Elector to act contrary to this National understanding would be a bneach of his well-understood pledge to the party that elected him, and also a violation of the now universally adopted construction of oun Federal Constitution. It Is also well under stood that Electors are In duty bound even to disregard people's choice and to respect only that of their own party. Not a Bryan Elector is expected by anyone to carry out or respect the whole people's choice by voting for Taft. It is claimed that Republican Elec tors are not bound by legal require ments to vote for Mr. Taft. but they are. They are bound to support the Constiti tion as now construed as much as they were formerly bound to sup port its actual wording. Each Elector will have to take oath to support the Constitution its established construc tion being a part of It and for yea's it has been construed, through univer sal assent, that each Elector is In duty bound to support the National nominee of his own party ticket. Owing to long contemporaneous and unanimous prac tical construction, such action Is now as much our Elector's plain Constitu tional duty as, under its former literal reading. It was their duty -to choose for themselves. Really, It is a striking historical illustration of virtual amendment, not by ordinary process 'but through uni versal acquiescent construction by the whole people for years, and today It is exactly the same as though it were ac tually written into the Constiution It self, In so many words, that It Is their duty to support party cholqe. The Nation has so made it. It is a com plete metamorphosis . of t the original constitutional electoral system. While a state like Oigon cannot amend or construe our Federal Constitution, our Nation can. It would today be Just as much a breach of oath for the Electors to violate this construction as it would have been a hundred years ago to have violated the literal reading. The Nation, also by unanimity, might virtually amend our Constitution con cerning election of Senators, but it has not; and it was monumental folly for. Oregon ever to start In to disregard existing supreme law. L,ffuui. iiayo paiii-!"-.! dis cretion duty. Electors have none. A Legislator cannot divest himself of this final duty, but an Elector through long custom, which makes law, is now a mere clerical officer, to record the vote of his party nominee and that alone. Electors are pledged to observe the Constitution, as now universally under stood, while with our Legislators, under Statement No. 1, Oregon is trying to "pledge" them and to "instruct" them to disregard It, and to permit someono else to choose and select a Senator for them. A Legislator, is or now should be unbound, and free to do his duty, and select a Senator, and free fiom unlaw ful pledge to the contrary: while an Elector is now constitutionally tied to the National nominee of his own party. The Nation can so bind an Elector but no state, through any statement, can tie up a Legislator's constitutional pow er to cast his own oath-duty vote as he pleases for Senator. As to the Dakota decision, all concede its soundness but some deny Its appli cation to Statement No. 1. However, our Statement lawyers are careful to limit their comments to the Statement alone and to say nothing about the Da kota knockout to our futile state at tempt to require all Legislators to vote for Oregon's people's choice, Why not frankly admit that any "instruction" law, ours Included, is null and void, be cause it violates the National Constitu tion, and that the Dakota case so de cides? Of course, the provisions In Da kota requiring members to make a statement differs from our primary law, which says they may. Yet the principle of the Dakota decision, name ly. Its ruling constitutional doctrine that legislative discretion to vote as they themselves please must remain vested in Legislators on the Senatorial question, destroys the lawfulness of any voluntary pledge to assign or transfer their own discretion to Oregon voters, and It Is quite unnecessary to add, an nuls also all attempts by our state "in struction" act to compel it. In Dakota, it was held violative of the Constitution to force members to take a pledge to support other than their own choice, because of their own Con stitutional authority and duty to choose. So a fortiori wolud be any at tempted "pledge relinquishment" of their sworn constitutional duty. Though the situation may be differ ent, the principle is applicable the same In Oregon as in Dakota. As the Dakota court said: "He" the candidate "by any such pledge di vests himself of all disctetioned free dom of action In the discharge of a por tion of his official duties if elected." Certainly, Statement pledges are against the Constitution, and the oath to do the duty it requires. No Legis lator has any right to sign away his own constitutional discretion duty in the choosing and electing of a Senator. It's immaterial how much "word" he gives the more the worse. No Constitution-supporting voter should ever de mand it and the more urgent the de mand, the woie. Will some Statement No. 1 partisan tell where a Legislator gets authority to pledge or sign away to any voter the Legislator's own .final sworn duty to select the Senator? And where do Intermeddling voters, bound, like the candidate, by allegiance to supreme law, get any right to hold up a candidate and make him promise to yield up to them his constitutional duties of office if elected, and to vio late his oath of office to exercise his own final duty in choosing and electing a Senator and "divest" himself, as the Supreme Court of Dakota said, of his official duty?- Nelthen can be shown. The wonder fully weighty response "sophistry" will not "answer. M. C. GEO RGB.