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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (May 16, 1908)
3 ,THE 310RXIXG OREGOXIAX, SATURDAY, . MAY 16, 1908. SUBSCRIPTION BATES. INVARIABLY IJJ ADVANCE. (By Mall.) Dally. Sunday Included, one year $8 .00 Sally. Sunday Included. six month!.... 4 23 Dally. Sunday Included, three month.. Z.Z3 Dally. Sunday Included, one month.... iS Dally, without Sunday, one year J.uo Daily, without Sunday, all month!.... B.ZJ Dally, without Sunday, three months.. 1T5 Dally, without Sunday, one month 0 Sunday, one year ,Ti CVeeklT. one year (Issued Thursday)... 160 Bunday and weekly, one year 3-5u ' BY CARRIER. Dally. Sunday Included, one year 9.00 Dallv. Sunday Included, one month 73 HOW TO REMIT Send postofflce money order, express order or personal check en Four local bank. Stamps, coin or currency ire at the sender's rlek. Give postoftics ad Iress la full. including county and state. POSTAGE KATES. Entered at Portland, Oregon. Postofflce as Fecond-Claes Matter. 10 to 14 Pares 1 l to 28 Pages " !0 to 44 Pares ? cen" 18 to 60 Pages cents Foreign portage, double rates. IMPORTANT The pos-tal laws are strict. Newspapers on which postage Is not fully prepaid are not forwarded to destination. EASTERN BUSINESS OFFICE. The B. C. Beckwlth Special Agency New Tork, rooms 48-30 Tribune building. Chi cago, rooms 510-312 Tribune building. KEPT ON SALE. Chicago Auditorium Annex: Postoftics News Co.. 178 Dearborn street; Empire News Stand. St. Paul. Minn. N. Ste. Marie. Commer cial Station Colorado Springs. Colo, H. H. Bell. Denver Hamilton A Kendrlck. 906-J1 Seventeenth stteet; Pratt Book Store. 1214 Fifteenth street; H. P. Hansen. S. Rice. Cleorge Carson. Kansas City, Ma Rlckaecker Cigar Co Ninth and Walnut: Yoma News Co. Minneapolis M. !. Cavanaugn. 50 South Third. Cincinnati; O. Yoma' News Co. Cleveland. O. James Fushaw. 307 Super ior street. Washington. T. C. Ebbltt House. Four teenth and F streets: Columbia News Co. Pittsburg. Pa. Fort Pitt News Co. t. ( i-i.. .. n.an't Theater Ticket Office; Penn News Co.; A. P. Kemblo. 37SS Lancaster avenue. V-n- -VArlr f it r Tint n Unff'l TlSWS Stands. 1 Park Row. 38th and Broadway. 42d and Broadway and Broadway and 29th. Tele- ! Jione 0374. single copies aenverea. nnen & fn.. Ator House: Broadway The ater News Stand; empire Newa stand. Ogden. D. L. Boyle; Lows Broi- 114 Twtnty-nfth street. Omaha. Barkalow Bros.. Union Station; Atageath Stationery Co.; Kemp & Arenson. les Moines. Ia. Mose Jacobs. Fresno, Cat. Tourist News Co. Sacramento. Cel. Sacramento News Co.. 430 K. street: Amos News Co. Salt Lake. Moon Book & Stationery Co.. Eosenfeld A Hansen; O. W. Jewett. P. O. turner; Stelpeck Bros. Long Beach. Cal. B. E. Amos. Pasadena. Cal. Amos News Co. San liego. B. E. Amos. an Jose. Kmerson. W. H'mston, Tea. International News Agency Dallas, Tex. southwestern Newa Agent. 844 Main street; also two street wagons. Fort Worth. Tex. Southwestern N. and A. Agency. Amarllla, Tex. Tlmmons & Pope. Son Francisco. Foster A Orear: Ferry News Stand; Hotel St. Francis News Stand; L. Parent; N. Wheatley; Falrmount Hotel News Stand: Amos News Co.: United News Agency. 14 hi Eddy street: B. E. Amos, man ager three wagons; Worlds N. S.. 2t2i A. Sutter street. Oakland, Cal. W. H. Johnson. Fourteenth and Franklin streets; N. Wheatley; Oakland News Stand: B. B. Amos, manager nve wagons: Welllngham, E. G. (filtllleld. Xn. Louie Follin. Eureka, Cal. Call-Chronicle Agency; Eu reka Nows Co. PORTLAND, 8ATURIAV, MAY 18, 1B08. THE REPUBLICAN PLATFORM. As matter of fact, almost everything that Is worth anything, in the Repub lican party, is expressed In the plat form adopted by the Republican con vention of Oregon on Thursday. The rest is but chatter and gibberish, the froth on the glass' of new milk! or, if your habit teaches you to Ike the slm .ilo better, the froth on the glass of beer. This platform is the only ra tional word that has come from the Republican party of Oregon in recent years. It stands by old principles, yet applies old principles to new condi tions: and It repudiates modern fool eries and fads. This platform ought to be read through and through. It comes from sane and rational men. It is not a complete book of political wisdom, it does not contain The Whole Duty of Wan: but it reaffirms necessary prin ciples and purposes, and it eschews modern fooleries and fads. It opposes abuse of initiative and referendum by submission to the peo ple of large numbers of measures of cranky nature mostly on the same ballot. It opposes such chimeras as proportional representation and recall. It urges voters to use caution on the many initiative measures submitted on the ballot, and demands that the appeal to initiative and referendum shall be checked, by requirement of a larger proportion of the electors on every petition or appeal. "Further, that the number of measures submitted at any one election shall be limited, and that a measure or proposition once voted down shall not again be submit ted for the space of six years. These are rational suggestions. Oth ers, not just like them, but of similar purport, are made by the Oregon State Grange. Efforts like these ought to stop the tide of folly. But to stop it effectually It is necessary to vote down the larger number of the propositions now pending on the ballot. Amendment of the primary law is tailed for to prevent and to punish registration of voters on their false oaths as Republicans or as Democrats, for the purpose of fraudulent partici pation In primary elections. It is not apparent how this abuse can be dealt with effectively; but if there is no practicable way, this form of primary should be abandoned, for it opens a door to intolerable perjury and fraud. On National questions the platform is sound. It expresses approval ol the administration of President Roosevelt, demands tariff revision, holds for re tention of the Philippines and insists on exclusion of Asiatic immigration. More, it supports the President's de mand for Increase of the Navy, and speaks for protection and assistance of our Interests in Pacific commerce. It is, not popular now to refer to his tory! that is fossllism. Xevertheless the convention ventured a word of re mark on the achievements of the Re publican party during fifty years. It was not necessary, perhaps: yet it is something, when a party is not wholly ashamed of its history nor trying to escape it. THE BROTHERHOOD OF THE BOLO. . It was machine work, the work of the Republican State Convention; but there were two machines, one more powerful than the other; and the more powerful one controlled the situation. Of course the; weaker machine will have much to say against machine rule; which, indeed is deplorable un less it is your machine. It has been common knowledge that Senator Bourne wished to lead the Re publican delegation to Chicago, so he might be able to handle it for support of his project for a second elective term. But the people of Oregon, not Questioning Mr, Roosevelt's sincerity. but taking him at his word, have not fallen In with Mr. Bourne's Idea; and besides, there are many, probably a great majority, who are unwilling to accept Mr. Bourne's leadership In its entirety. Again, Mr. Bourne had de clared against Mr. Taft, and the Re publicans of Oregon have thought it best to follow the example of Mr. Roosevelt and take Mr. Taft for their candidate. This just naturally let Mr. Bourne out. Besides, there is a mighty and solid body of Republicans who do not accept the Holy Statement, to which Mr. Bourne and his supporters are fervently we might better say fatuously devoted; and the irritation of this difference led to doubling up and heaping up various old materials of dispute and dissension. All these things are incidents of the general hara-kiri, or self-exenteratlon, of the Republican party. The like has been going on for years, with nearer and nearer approach to a crisis. First one faction and then another turns gut-cutter, or Jack-the-Ripper. Re taliation was due this time from those upon whom it has been rubbed in' heretofore. "Let one spirit of the first-born Cain reign in all bosoms." exclaims old Northumberland, In King Henry IV. It is a fair motto for the kind or quality of brotherhood that exists in the Republican party of Oregon. THE AT) HOMINBM ARGUMENT. The Oregon Tax Reform Association prints the statement that "H. W. Scott, of The Oregonian, owns 320 acres of suburban land out at Mount Scott, which he is holding for speculation." Also that he is holding city property "which he is waiting for other men to make valuable." Now, since the argumentum ad hom inem is employed, let us see. H. AV. Scott owns 335 acres of land at Mount Scott. But he is not holding it for speculation. He holds if for use, and is using it. He has expended upon it, down to this present, more money than it is worth, and more than it would sell for: and he is still ex pending money upon it. But he would be glad at this time to take out of it the money he has put in it. He will sell the whole for less than it has cost him. It is land that has cost more than $100 an acre to clear, yet he has cleared large part of It, is clearing more, and is growing crops on it, and rearing blooded stock on it; not that it is a good business proposition as to money, but he has simply had a notion that way, and the land must be. cleared and subdued, some time, by some body. Such work never will be done by Brother Cridge, or by Brother Wag non, of the Oregon Tax Reform Asso ciation; for they are men of the sort who haven't energy enough or purpose enough to do anything of importance, but content themselves with envious snarls at those who actually accom plish things. That is the basis of their single-tax effort. If this use of the argumentum ad hominem doesn't quite please Mr. Cridge and Mr. Wagnon, they may be reminded that they are the persons who have Invoked the use of it in this case. The land at Mount Scott never would be brought into use by men of their feeble energy. They would rather live on taxation of the property of others and bawl for "reform." Again, the little city property that Mr. Scott possesses he has improved to the limit of his financial ability, and intends to do more, in that direction when he cant Besides, this property has cost him all it's worth even more counting first cost, street and other improvements and taxes. When Mi. Cridge and Mr. Wagnon class him with "monopolists and land thieves," he considers the source; but it doesn't oblige or compel him to silence. One thing is certain: , Your self-styled tax reformers will never do anything themselves for improvement of lands, streets or roads, in country or in city. Their noble ambition is to prey on the property that others have created by industry. Intelligent effort and patient self-sacrifice. And what H. W. Scott has done and is doing at Mount Scott, and in the city, is but one small incident or in stance. Thousands have done and are doing the like, on a scale greater or less. The presumptuous scoundrelism that would deprive these citizens, men and women, of the fruits of their ef forts, of their foresight, self-denial and labor, well expresses itself in the argument put forth by the so-called "Oregon Tax Reform Association." Its basis is in robbery; its advocates are land thieves the term they so delight to apply to those whom they would despoil. But it is not a Portland proposition, merely. It concerns the whole state, for the robbery amendment is to ap ply to the whole state. No person who owns landed property, whether the amount be large or small, no person who expects ever to own any, or has ambition to rise above the status of parasites, living without rendering so ciety service, and snarling at all whose energy secures to them a piece of land to dwell on, can afford to vote for this scheme of agitators and land thieves, whose argument on the eco nomic side is as weak as on the moral side it is rotten. THE GRANGE ON EDUCATION. The Oregon State Grange, in session at Eugene, expressed its preference for a number of things, some very good and some rather dubious. There will be argument over most of them, and perhaps unanimous agreement upon none except one or two of the recom mendations of the educational com mittee. We must concede that this committee has good ideas. In fact the general interest of the State Grange in education seems to be sound and Intelligent. The particular recommendation to which we refer asks that school money be distributed among the districts of the state in proportion to the number of teachers they employ. At present it is divided according to the number of pupils in each district. The pro posed method would encourage two or three innovations which would be for the decided good of the schools. For example, the tendency now is to keep as many scholars as possible in one room and under one teacher, in order to save salaries. If the district with two teachers drew twice as much school money as the district with one teacher, this deplorable habit would be discouraged. It might be thought that districts would be tempted to employ more teachers than they need under the proposed rule. but a little reflection shows that they would not. More teachers require more school room, and the sta,te does not pay for build ings, only, tot Instruction. Hence there is no danger that any district would employ more teachers than it really needed. The new method of apportionment would, however, lead to the erection of two or more school houses In very large districts where one is now made to suffice to the great discomfort of the children. This would be an excellent thing. One of the worst hindrances to the education of children in country districts at pres ent is the long dally tramp through the rain over muddy roads. Any thing that would lessen this disadvan tage is to be commended. The lauda ble purpose of the state Is to educate all its children. If in order to accom plish this the distribution of the school fund must be changed from the strict numerical basis, let the change be made. . MB. HILL'S VIEWS UPON RESOURCES. J. J. Hill is a "practical" man if there ever was one. He has dealt with cold facts and stern realities all his life. He is neither a theorist nor an alarmist, but a man who sees things as they are. If he took a some what discouraging view of the coun try's future in his speech at the Wash ington conference, it was because the facts permit no other so far as our natural resources are concerned. The truth cannot be too often reiterated nor too vigorously rubbed in that our natural resources are almost gone, and the question "What are you going to do about it?" must be kept before the people until it is answered. Other wise we are on the road to National ruin. Prophets of evil are never popular. Cassandra was ridiculed in the streets of Troy with the wooden horse stand ing in the public square. Most Of us prefer to Uve in a fool's paradise if we possibly can and as long as we can. and then berate divine Providence when the evils fall upon our heads which a little forethought might have prevented. Mr. Hill sang the same old song and told the same old story. Our forests are nearly exhausted; our mines will give out before the end of this century; the surface soil of the farms 1s everywhere washing away into the rivers and the rivers are heap ing it up in bars or carrying it away to the bottom of the ocean. When this work of destruction is complete, says Mr. Hill, the country "will suffer as a man would suffer by the with drawal of the air he breathes." What shall we do for power when there is no more coal? This is not an idle academic question. It is intensely practical. It Is even pressing, for the last Qf our coal supply is almost in sight. When there is no more coal we must depend on water power and upon alcohol produced from the soil. But destruction of forests means destruc tion of water powers. At any rate, it will make them irregular and unrelia ble. Loss of the soil of the farms means loss of what the soil produces, including food and the substances which distil alcohol. We see, there fore, how fundamental to our very life is the preservation of the forests, since both water power and soil depend upon them. From the office bf the Louisville & Nashville Railroad Milton H. Smith has sent out to the press a foolish letter in which he says that he cannot see how . the preservation of forests would prevent soil wash. There are none so blind as those who will not see. Forests prevent wash by- withholding rain in their mold like great sponges, allowing it to trickle out - slowly instead of sweeping the country In floods. He says also that he cannot understand how forests would mitigate floods in the Ohio River. We can, and so can the people of Pittsburg, who have seen the floods in their city grow worse year by year as the forests have heen cut away. Mr. Hill points out that the ultimate reliance- of this Nation for food and power must be mainly upon the soil of the fields. Hence we should neglect no precautions that will maintain fer- tility. In the South, he remarks, fully one-tenth of the arable land has been ruined by ignorantly vicious farming. The fertility of the entire Mississippi Valley has been depleted, in the same way, though the farms have not been ruined yet. The salvation of this country, according to Mr. Hill, depends not upon its Army and Navy, nor upon the Supreme Court, nor upon any of our other fetiches, but upon forest preservation, rotation of crops and fer tilizers. In the light of his sane common sense, how perverse are the sentiments of the Governors of Montana and Wyoming, who whined and complained at the conference because they had too many forest reserves. They are like the Israelites in the wilderness, who rebelled because they had too much manna. Without manna the Israelites would have starved: With out National forests Montana and Wyoming would be barren deserts within a few years. Poor, silly Gov ernors, to curse the Instrumentality which saves them and their states from ruin. THE GRAIN-SACK PROBLEM. The fact that Pacific Coast business men do not. In all lines of industry, follow the methods that are in vogue In the other states usually suggests to the Eastern visitor that the Western methods must be wrong. To thi3 im pression is due the periodical appear ance of Eastern grain men with a proposition to inaugurate in Western ports the Eastern system of shipping grain in bulk. Thus far but one of the newcomers has ever with coin backed his faith In the bulk method, ana the results were far from satis factory. The late F. H. Peavy was for many years the largest grain elevator operator in the Middle West, but his attempt to establish a line of elevators and ship wheat In bulk from Pacific Northwest ports was a dismal failure, and he spent a large sum of money in changing his elevators into warehouses better adapted for the handling of sacked grain. A Duluth, Minn., grain dealer has recently visited this port, and in an in terview announces his intention of sending out a cargo of bulk wheat. It is highly probable that he will recon sider his determination when he makes a more thorough study of the experience of Mr. Peavy and others who have already tried the bulk sys tem, une Pacific Coast is dependent, and until the completion of the Pan ama Canal will be dependent, for grain-carrying tonnage on the sailing vessels, which, having no bulkheads and no compartments, are utterly unfit for bulk grain loading, and In them bulk grain cargoes would be practical ly uninsurable. These carriers, even when loaded with sacked grain, well protected by "shifting boards" to pre vent its moving vita the rail of the) ship, frequently shift their cargoes. and with bulk grain it would be sim ply Impossible to prevent shifting and there would be no means for "trim ming" ship, as is now. possible with sacked grain. But, even were It possible to secure specially constructed carriers for this business, there would be the danger while passing twice through the trop ics of heating, and it would be Impos sible to sell cargoes on which heavy reclamations for damage would nearly always be causing trouble. Another feature of the bulk system with which the Duluth man is unfamiliar' Is the necessity of using sacks on the big combines" with which grain is har vested in this country. The combined harvester is unknown in the wheat fields of the Middle West, but it is a very essential machine in the harvest of the big wheat yields of the Pacific Northwest. Some time in the future, possibly soon after the completion of the Pan ama Canal, it will be practicable to handle Oregon and Washington wheat in bulk, and as soon as it can be han dled to advantage by that method, the men who have bsen experimenting with it for years will readily adopt the new method without the necessity of any instructions from Eastern men who are not at all familiar with local conditions. Meanwhile it is the duty of the farmers to grow cleaner and bettet- wheat, in order that when the change from sacks to the bulk method is made, they will not be "docked" S to 10 cents per bushel when their grain is indiscriminately mixed with that of other growers in an elevator. Since the agitation began for quit ting the practice of having deeds re corded at misleading figures, there has been some improvement in the matter, and dollar transfers are much less fre quent than before. At the same time there is still room for Improvement, and if the parties who are guilty of this method of misrepresentation could be made to understand that nothing is gained by the deception, Portland's real estate transfers would make a much better showing. The failure of the deceptive "dollar transfer" to cover up the actual value Involved Is seldom more than partly successful, for nearly every day the records show some property that is transferred at $1 consideration, while the official list of mortgages, where deception is impos sible, makes note of a mortgage placed on the same property for hundreds, and In many cases thousands, of dol lars. As an attractive showing, a thousand-dollar real estate transfer Is preferable to the notice of a thousand- dollar mortgage. That fiction that a piece of land 100 feet square in Portland recently sold for $800,000 is still doing duty In various hysterical appeals for single tax. We notice it now in a Marion County paper. The statement never had any foundation in truth. There is no 100 feet in Portland, with the best $500,000 building in the city on It, that would sell for 1800.000. The piece of land to which this fable is supposed to relate Is on Washington street, and the buildings are practical ly without value. The land wouldn't bring over $250,000, as an outside fig ure; and it pays taxes fully in propor tion to its value. Sam Smith, of Crook County, may be guilty as charged. Upon this point we do not pretend to speak, but his trial was a strange performance. One juror admitted prejudice against him. That same juror's son was a wit ness against him. One of Smith's at torneys seems to have acted more for the prosecution than for his client, and that attorney's son was permitted to overhear confidential conversations among Smith's lawyers and afterward to repeat them to the jury. All this is amazing. It is to be hoped that the Supreme Court will give the affair a thorough sifting. ' Those Episcopalians who withdraw from their church because ministers of other denominations have been in vited to occupy its pulpits once In a while are either very holy or very silly. Do the Methodists, Presbyterians and so forth, pollute the pulpits? We Imagine that the ministers of one de nomination are about as pure as those of another, and that a pulpit which has stood the presence of an Episco palian without defilement would not lose Its immaculatene'ss if a Baptist should preach from it. To reasonable people these sectarian conceits appear idiotic. One of the propositions that is easily understood the easiest perhaps of all of them is the woman's suf frage amendment. It is a simple ques tion, namely: For equal suffrage constitutional amendment, permitting women to vote on equal terms with men. Vote Yes or No. The thought of the state seems more favorable to the proposition than heretofore, and it may carry this time. Disgusted with people and events, a Florida paper exclaims: "Hades is here and now." Possibly true in the far Southeastern part of the United States, but on the opposite corner, in the Pacific Northwest, if we would be truthful, we must say "Paradise is here and now." Come and see. Agricultural College authorities say this Is the time to spray apple trees to destroy the codling moth. If you want wbrmless apples, get busy with your arsenate of lead, with some lime sulphur added as a protection against apple scab. The Republican State Convention put its disapproval upon the "recall" amendment. The constitution already provides an adequate means of getting rid of dishonest or incompetent offi cials. Senator Bourne must have excited the astonishment of all passers-by as he rushed up the White House steps to inform President Roosevelt of the action of the Oregon state convention. The single land tax is simply an ex pedient of those who haven't any dis position to work, and energy only for shallow agitation. The Republican platform speaks rightly and strongly for the State Uni versity appropriation. The Oregon Republican conventions pleased Mr. Roosevelt, If not Mr. Bourne. A big machine is run by bosses, but a little one by patriots . ASKS RELIEF FOR SMALL DEBTORS England Begins Movement to Limit ImprlsOBDieat for Mosey Owed. London Letter in New York Sun. The institution of the new court of crimlgal appeal !as called attention to a serious grievance with which It has no power to deal. It Is generally be lieved by English people that the act of 1869 abolished imprisonment for debt, but as a matter of fact it con cerns . only debts amounting to over 50. The smaller debtorB were left to the county court Judges, who had the power to imprison a debtor It they considered that he was able to pay, but refused to do ao. Thus the small debtor runs the risk of Imprisonment, while the large debtor is immune in general. Statistics show that the number of cases of Imprisonment for debt steadily Increased until 1907. during which year several judges declined to make committal orders unless the plaintiff was able to prove the debtor's ability to pay the debt. In 1S9B the number of cases of imprisonment was S190: in 1903 they had risen to 10,527, In 1905 to 11.4U5, In 1908 to 11.986, but in 1907 they declined to 11.427. The majority of the present county court judges are in favor of the entire abolition of imprisonment for debt. This attitude is largely due to the action of the large firms selling goods on tne instalment system using the process of the courts as a debt collect ing agency. Failure to pay the instalments on time Is followed by an application to the local, county court for a summons for the buyer to show cause why an order for payment should not be made. The summons Is sent to the debtor by registered mall, by which -means a re ceipt is obtained, thus proving the service of the summons. The debtor, finding that the sum mons is returnable at a town perhaps 100 miles from his home, either remits the money or falling either ability to pay or to put In an appearance has to let judgement go by default. Later a judgment summons is applied for, and falling the attendance of the debtor on this the judge makes an order for committal, suspended for a period within which the debt may be paid. Fail ure to pay within this period is followed by imprisonment for contempt. This imprisonment does not release the debtor from his Indebtedness In the least degree and on his release the problem of discharging his debt is Just as perplexing as before, and debt has been swollen by the amount of the court fees. The majority of the county court Judges agree that an amendment of the law Is needed, and among their recommendations are the following" That the law should be so altered as to allow execution to be levied upon the debtor's goods. That the county court Judge may provide for the pay ment of the debt by instalments or otherwise. That committal orders should be limited to amounts of over Recovery at law of amounts less than 1 should be prohibited. FORESTRY AXD FINANCE. ' - The Recent Great Thinning; Out of Tall Financial Timber. Wall Street Journal. As a result largely of the rise -In the level of moral sentiment, in corporate, business and public relations, there has been a remarkable thinning out of tall timber In the forest of prominent char acters in this community. One can easily count a score or more of the names of men who stood in the first rank of publio attention when the Armstrong commit tee began its work with the first public hearing September 6, 1905. Meanwhila there has been a vast amount of investi gation, legislation and litigation. The puonc attitude toward business responsi- ao uccume more critical and the measure of public control over corporate entemrise has Wn m .,'.. n.. , ........ .naiciwiij enlarged. As a part of this transformation many ml me oiuer personages who had made careers for ItipmRoii-aa . , disappeared from the field. The change uu uiaue room tor younger growths, and the end of displacement is not yet. To follow thA annlnra nf l- - . - " t-liC LVICSl, when the monarchs of ancient growth inse ineir tooting Dy decay or are blown down by storms, they leave a large place in the timbered district Into which the sunlight pours its nutritive powers for 'the stimulation of the younger timber which the elanta nf t h o vnnta v. .... l shadowed. This is what has been taking piace m tne management of large finan cial, commercial and industrial institu tions. Within a couple of years or so, an old order of things has passed away, and with it a new era of more critical stanaaras or ousmess Integrity has be gun. More light has been let in from the top. It has called for a type of leader ship which is more responsive to the de mands of the age for cleaner business methods. It Is enough to say . that this public de. mand will get what it wants, although it may have to wait somewhat for all that it desires. Most of the tall timber has reached its growth. What is left may still flourish, but only on condition that It Is adaptive enough to adjust itself to the vitalizing requirements of the new moral sense which occupies the throne. The failure to forsesee this means grad ual death at the top, the loss of a grip on the roots of affairs, and the gradual dwindling of almost regal power. On the contrary, the capacity to appreciate the newer standards of public and business life is the guarantee of permanency to whomsoever is given the gift of reading the signs of the times. Rarely has there been a time when more large places were opening for types of men of large pos sibilities in them than today. - In "Little Old" New York. Buffalo Commercial. What a great city New York is what a population is constantly on the move there was illustrated one re cent Saturday in the tally kept of the number of persons who passed through the doors of the Waldorf on that day. That even the proprietors were aston ished when the count proved that over 19,000 went in through the eight entrances, can 'be readily believed. Son of the Self-Same Race. Alfred Austin. What Is the Voice I hear On the wind of the Western Sea? Sentinel! listen from out Cape Clear. And say what the voice may be. " 'Tls a proud, free people calling loud to a People proud and free." "And It says to them. 'Kinsmen, hail! We severed have been too long; Now let us have done with a worn-oat tale. The tale of an ancient wrong. And our friendship last Ions as Love doth last, and be stronger than Death Is strong.' " Answer them, some of the self-same race. And blood of the self-Bams clan; Let us speak to each other face to face. And answer as man to man. And loyally love and trust each other, as none but free men can Now fling them cut to the breexe. Shamrock. Thistle and Rose! And the Star-Spangled Banner unfurf with these. A message to friends and foes. Wherever the sails of Peace are seen, and wherever the war-wind blows. A message to bond and thrall, to wake. Form whenever we come, we twain. The throne of the Tyrant shall rock and quake. And his menace be void and vain: For you are lors of a strong, young land, and we are lords of the main. Yes. this the Voice on the bluff March gale; "We severed have been too long; But now we have done with a worn-out tale, The tale of an ancient wrong. And our friendship shall last as Love doth last, and be stronger than, Death la - strong." SOCIALIST VIEW OF SINGLE TAX Woit Lessen Existing; Qovernlng; Ex penses. Say Sladdesu PORTLAND, May 14. (To the Editor.) I start with the assumption that all will possibly admit that a tax was a certain sum assessed against tangible wealth for purposes of government and that gov ernment was the administration of public affairs. From these two definitions I arrive at the conclusion that there must be some thing to base that tax upon, and some one to benefit by the administration of public affairs. Without the institution of private property, taxes would be an absurdity and government inconceivable. Who needs a government must neces sarily pay the expense of that govern ment. Governments are instituted in the interest of property and property alone. Starting at the top of the list with one who has accumulated the greatest amount of material wealth, and coming straight down, I find that the person who had the greatest amount of material wealth needed the most protection from a gov ernment, while the person who had absolutely none would see in government simply a restrictive agency. Consequent ly, any system of taxation which could be regarded as a Just system and it is only a person who has private property who is at all interested in a tax ques tion, except of course as to amount and how it shall be spent, must necessarily be based on market values of different forms of property, on tangible evidences of wealth. The person who has nothing, needs no law to protect that nothing.. But as individuals accumulate wealth, each one seeks- to avoid paying his pro rata for the protection of that wealth, and schemes to place the burden on other people's shoulders. Thua is single tax borr.. The single tax advocate would place all taxes on unimproved ' and nonproductive property, but he falls to tell you where he would place the tax after they had confiscated all land not in actual use, for it necessarily Implies that if all taxes are placed upon unimproved property this practically amounts to confiscation if carried to the fullest extent. Let me see what would result to the farmer. The farmer is primarily a man who owns and tills his own soil. At least the. ideal farmer of the story-book and the political platform is he who is in dependent and has his own piece of land, of whatever size. unmortgaged and clear. That farm Is worth a certain amount stated In dollars and cents, and that farm, all other things being equal, is worth just exactly as much as an un improved piece of land next door to it, plus the value of the improvements that have been placed upon It. Thus, if I had a farm which would bring in the market under ordinary cir cumstances, 5000, and an unimproved piece of land adjoining would bring in the same market $3000, it would neces sarily Imply that the value of my Im provements was $2000. Now. it does not make a particle of 'difference what law is passed, if It lowers the value of that unimproved land from $3000 to $2000, it lowers the value of mine from $5000 to $4000. And yet the single tax dodger goes directly to those property-owners and asks them to vote the value off their .own property, and quite likely many will swallow the bait. The same thing holds good with city real estate. Nominal values are only relative and can be determined only by comparison with something else. It is held by alt single tax advocates that vast holdings of unimproved land prevent the people from going back to the soil. Back to the land is their cry. Nothing could be more absurd. The migration from the land was not caused by fences. The number of people who can and will be supported by the tillage of the soil is determined not by 'cost or prices of land, but by the amount of labor actually required upon the land to satisfy the purchasing ability of a nation. When more people are engaged in agri cultural enterprices than are necessary to supply the market with its food supply, then as a necessity the market prices of agricultural products must full until the surplus population is driven off the land, even though that land were as free as air. It was not the desire to live in cities or the change in ideals or theories that drove the- people from the- land to the Industrial centers, but It was the im provements in farm machinery which in creased the productive ability of farm labor and rendered a certain amount of it superfluous. The same thing holds good with lawyers, as a big corporation can't use as many lawyers as can 1000 small firms, but there is no room for the lawyers at present to go back to the land. Behind every law on every statute book of every land, lurks some individual or class Interest. The peanut merchants in the stores of this city seek and obtain a law to drive the itinerant peanut mer chants off the streets of the city, back to the land. He gleefully claps his hands on the successful termination of his efforts, but with rueful countenance will behold his next year's lease with the amount of that Itinerant street peanut merchant's profit tacked on to his rent for the occupancy of that space in the great ten-story brick and stone "im provement." Behind the single tax law, is the pea nut manufacturer seeking a subsidy in the form of an exemption from his share of taxation. I am a Socialist. I do not care any thing about taxes or who pays them. I won't. I know that somebody who owns something that can be taxed, will. I know that government Is necessary. I know that In order to have a government, there must be a means to conduct that government. I know that taxes must come from industry. I know that if all taxes are taken from one thing, they will be placed on others. And I know that no matter what it is put on, It will be added to the market value of the article. If the tax is placed on farms, I will pay more for food and less for clothes and shoes, and If It is placed on factories and taken off the farms. I will pay more for shoes and clothes and less for food. I will be a disinterested spectator. I do not own houses or land, farm or factory. I work for wages and from some source or another the tax will be paid out of what the wage-earner earned but did not get. They can tax the moon if they want, and let those who want to scramble for it. bid on the title. The farmer who would support the single tax proposition to make the unproductive land productive, by forcing it on the market, would seem to me like an unem ployed meeting of working men in a big city taking up a collection to advertise for more men. THOMAS SLADDEN. PADEREWSKI'S BEAUTIFUL CITIES Modest Mention by a New York Paper of the Artistic Side of Portland. xNew York Evening Post. American cities are not proverbial for their beauty, but the time is coming when they will be, if we may believe Paderew ski. That eminent pianist le a close ob server of many things that do not usually interest professional musicians. He made his first tour of this country 17 years ago, and has Just closed his seventh, which covered about 35,000 miles. What im pressed him most on this tour Is. he tells his friends, what he is inclined to call "the universal movement toward the beautifying of cities." He thinks that there are now more beautiful cities in the United States than in any country In the world, if we except the smaller cities of England; yet the beginning is only being made. Concerning Memphis, for instance, he says that "the great, broad avenue which leads to the park is a masterpiece of landscape art, and the whole effect is magnificent." He Is enthusiastic over the splendid park system of Chicago. That city, he thinks, bids fair to become one of the most beautiful In the world. Some of the cities of the far West have "possi bilities beyond description." Great trav eler though he Is. Paderewskl knows of no city in the world which has a tithe of the natural beauties of Seattle's environ ment. He might have excepted Portland, .Preiun. BY LILIAN T1NGLBL THE word "salad" Is one of the most powerful magic expressions of mod ern American cookery-more power ful even than "pie": and that is saying a good deal, for pie is still a name to conjure with (especially among men folk) in spite of the efforts of many writers on alleged "hygienic cooking" and of the trend of fashion towards so called "light" desserts. Speak of good pie,' and you are sure of sympathy among at least a part of your audience; but mention salad, and every woman present begins to alt up and take notice, and a gleam of Interest appears in most masculine eyes. Every one in stantly begins to tell everyone else his or her likes and dislikes, triumphs or failures in this line- to hint at the possession of certain salad secrets, while trying to get knowledge of those which any - one else may happen to possess: and to tell of marvelous combinations encountered at famous or expensive eating places. Surely it Is a magic name, and Shakespeare must have had an Inkling of this, ven In his day when salads were ataSmuch simpler stage In their evolution, for he makes Jack Cade say. "I think thts word 'sallet' was born to do me good." - The origin of salads, historically as well as artistically, is "all wrap up In mystery." One well-known writer says: "Salads were Invented by Adam and Eve, probably made of pomegranates, as today In Spain"; but I do not know upon what he bases his assertion. Nebuchadnerzar Is regarded by certain as the original discoverer of the Joys of green salads; but It Is plainly recorded that he "ate grass like the ox" unwashed and unseasoned, and it Is really the dressing that makes the salad. The as sertion lias been made that one of man's proudest distinctions is that of being a cooking animal and a salad-eater. The writer goes on to state: "The lion is generous as a hero; the rat artful as a lawyer; the dove gentle as a lover; the beaver a good engineer; the monkey a clever actor; but none of them can make a salad. The wisest sheep never thought of culling and testing his grasses, season ing them with thyme or tarragon, soften ing them with oil, exasperating them with mustard, sharpening them with vinegar, spiritualizing them with a sus picion of onion; so that no sheep has made a salad. Their only sauce is hunger." The early Jews, who . ate the bitter Pascal herbs lettuce, tansy, camomile, dandelion and mint, combined with oil and vinegar, knew the wisdom of salad eating. So did the Romans, who regulated the use of "garden sauce" by penal statute. Any one In search of a really classic salad may like to Imitate one thus de scribed In Cowper's translation from Virgil: With hasty steps his garden round he sought. There, delving with his hands, he first dis placed Four plants of garlic, large and rooted fast; The tender tops of parsley next he culls. And the old rue bush shudders as he pulls; And coriander lart to these succeeds. That hangs on slightest thread her trembling seeds. I cannot say I altogether like his methods. I think that he should have used knife or scissors for cutting the rue. I am sure his wife would be vexed when she saw" the plant all pulled to pletes. And there is no mention of his washing those hands that "delved" for garlic be fore his next proceedings: Placed near the fire, he now demand The mortar at his snble servant's hands: When stripping all his garlic first, he tors The exterior coats and ess them on the floor. In my kitchen he would have been re quired to pick them up and otherwise dispose of them. The garlic having passed inspection, 1 am glad to say that it was "rinsed" be fore being "disposed within the hollow stone." Note the next Ingredients: Salt added, and a lump of cheese With his injected herbs be covered those. Then, "tucking with left hand his tunic tight," he works with a .will and grinds the mass until the ingredients ,"not wholly green appear, nor wholly white." With cautions hand that grudges what it spills, fiome drops of olive oil hs next Instills; Then vinegar with caution scarcely less; And gathering to a ball the mealy mess. Last with two flngens. frugally applied. Sweeps the small remnant from the mortar's side. And thus complete In color and in kind Obtains at last the salad hs designed. Then, though it does not say so. I be lieve he licked those "two fingers" and told his long-suffering women folk that his was ' the only kind of salad really worth eating. s The mention of garlic in salads re minds me of an Invitation I once received to taste "the perfect salad" as made by one of these wonderful masculine ama teur cooks. This particular one ought, of course, to have been a chef. . but had become a mathematics" professor" by mis take; and his wife was a charming, silent woman, with a keen but controlled sense of humor, who had the knack of soothing the cook when she threatened to leave and the tact that refrains from "I-told-you-80's." For months this man had raved over the salad concocted by a certain French waiter in a famous old London tavern. Then one day I was summoned In haste. The waiter. In return for a golden sov ereign and honeyed words, had deigned to impart his receipt. A special pepper mill had been obtained from Paris; spe cial oil from London; and extra special cos-lettuce from a haughty market gar dener addicted to fancy prices. The .professor directed operations, first In the kitchen where he kept his wife and me, two maids and the cat, all busy fetching him things and getting out of his way; then at the table, where with, awful solemnity he mixed an ordinary plain French dressing! We tasted in silence. "It's good." ie said, "but I don't seem quite to have the hang of it yet. There's a subtle something lacking. Such artists those French fellows are!" His wife and I had a conversation while he was hunting for a cigar. "Will he eat garlic?" "No; won't have it in the house." "Get some and rub the bowl with it without his seeing it; and you mix the dressing next time with fresh tarragon vinegar. Waiters don't always tell all they know." And we smiled the smile of the Sisterhood of Balkis. Next day I saw the professor. "Wonderful woman, my wife!" I heartily agreed. "Do you know," he went on. ' "after my once showing her how, she made that salad for lunch today; and, by George, she got it right, first try! Exactly like that Frenchman's. Just the flavor! Most de licious thing you ever tasted. Come in and try it tomorrow." I did; and his wife and I smiled again at each other, and held our peace con cerning gaxiic and all other secret matters.