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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 18, 1907)
10 TJIE MORNING OREGONIAN, FRIDAY, . OCTOBER 18, 1907, fflp Bm$$nmr SUBSCRIPTION RATES. INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE. (By Mall.) Dally, Sunday Included, one year. . .$8.00 Dally. Sunday Included, six months.... 4.85 Dally. Sunday Included, three months.. S.23 Dally. Bunday Included, one month 75 Pally, without Sunday, one year 6.00 Dally, without Sunday, six months.... 8.25 Dally, without Sunday, three months.. 1.78 Dally, without Sunday, on month 00 Sunday, one year , 9.50 JV'si-kly, one year (Issued Thursday).. 1.50 Sunday and Weekly, one year 8.60 BY CARRIER. Dally, Sunday Included, one year 9.00 Dally. Sunday Included, one month 75 HOW TO REMIT Send postofflce money order, express order or personal check, on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency ar at the sender's risk. Give postofflce ad dress In full. Including county and state. POSTAGE RATES. Entered at Portland, Oregon. Postoffce as Second-Class Matter. 10 to 14 pages 1 cent 18 to 28 Pages ........3 cents 80 to 4 Pages 8 centa 48 to 80 Pagea c Foreign postage, double rates. IMPORTANT The postal laws ara strict. Newspapers on which postage Is not fully prepaid are not forwarded to destination. EASTERN BUSINESS OFFICE. The 8. C. Beckwlth Hpecial Agency New York, rooms 48-60 Tribune building. Chi cago, rooms B10-512 Tribune building. KEPT ON SALE. Chicago Auditorium Annex. PostolYloe News Co.. 17R Dearborn st, St. Paul. Minn N. St. Marie, Commercial Station. Colorado Springs. Colo. Bell, H. H. Denver Hamilton and Kendrlck, 808-911 Seventeenth street; Pratt Book Store, 1214 Fifteenth street; R. P. Hansen, 8. Rloe, Geo. Carson. Kansas City, Mo. Rlcksecker Cigar Co., Ninth and Walnut; Toma Newa Co.; Harvey News Stand. Minneapolis M. J. Cavanaugh, 00 South Third. Cleveland. O. James Pushaw. 80T Su perior street. Washington, D. C Ebbltt House, Penn sylvania avenue. Philadelphia, Pa. Ryan's Theater Ticket office; Penn News Co. New York City L. Jones A- Co. Astor House: Broadway Theater News Stand; Ar thur Rotaling Wagons; Empire News Stand. Atlantic City, N. J. Ell Taylor. Ogden D. L. Boyle, Lowe Bros., 114 Twenty-fifth street. Omaha Barkalow Bros., Union Station; Mageath Stationery Co. Des Moines, law Moss Jacob. Sacramento, Cal Saoramento Newa Ctk. 430 K street; Amos News Co. Salt J-Mitc Moon Book Stationary Co.; Rosenfeld & Hansen; O. W. Jewett, P. O. cornerj Los Angeles B. SI. Amos, manager ten treet wagons. San Dlesro B. E. A mo. Long Beach. Cal. B. E. Amos. Ban Jose. Cal St. James Hotel News Etand. Dallas. Tex. Southwestern News Agent. El Paso, Tex. Plata Book and News Etand. Fort Worth, Tex. F. Robinson. Amarlllo, Tex. Amarlllo Hotel Newa Etand. New Orleans. Ls Jones News Co baa Francisco Foater & Orear; Ferry News Stand; Hotel St. Francis News Stand; L. Parent: N. Wheatley; Falrmount Hotel News Stand; Amos News Co.,; United News Agents, lift Eddy street; B. E. Amos, man ager three wagons. Oakland, Cal W. H. Johnson, Fourteenth and Franklin streets; N. Wheatley; Oakland News Stand; B. E, Amos, manager five wagons. Ooldneld, Nev -Louie Follln; C B. Hunter. I Eureka, Cal. Call-Chronicle Agency; Eu- I reka News Co. PORTLAND. FRIDAY. OCTOBER 18, 1907. DEMOCRACY AND PROPERTY. By use of their power the voters of Oregon can make the constitution of the state, at any single election, just what they please to have It. No con stitution exists, therefore, but the un known thing; that floats In the public mind. This is the condition created by the new method or system known as the Initiative, with which also the referendum is correlated. However, the people cf Oregon, with some ap pearance of deliberation adopted this system. But they did not know much about It. They have found out a lit tle, and yet will find out more. A book has been written by a pro fessor In the University of Washing ton in which It is argued that the Con stitution of the United States was adopted as a restraint on democracy, chiefly for protection of property. To this end, he insists, a series of checks upon any sudden action of the states or of the electors was studiously elab orated. Amendment, therefore, is next to impossible. The Impression, he says, was that the poor, being a great majority, If not restrained, would plunder the rich. Hence it was deemed necessary to permit them to exercise self-government only under such re etrictlons as would assure safety to property; which condition is further confirmed and riveted by the Four teenth Amen Iment, adopted as one of the settlements after the war, when the attention the people was turned to the necessity of securing human rights rather than property rights, but when, and by which, nevertheless, property rights became Intrenched more strongly than ever. It Is entirely conceivable that the powers of the National Constitution may be invoked against the use and consequences of the initiative and ref erendum by the states, and even against the primary election law If either shall go very far. In the State of Washington, suit already has been Instituted against the primary law, on the grounds of Its alleged conflict with the Constitution of the United States. But the Washington primary law fol lows that of Illinois, rather than that of Oregon. During many years state legislation has been attacked in the courts of the United States and often declared null, because In conflict with the Fourteenth Amendment. Law adopted under the Initiative could fare no worse. It Is undoubtedly true that In mak ing the Constitution of the United States great thought and care were employed to secure rights of prop erty. For no government can exist which does not adequately protect property rights. Tet clauses having this bearing are not conspicuous in the Constitution, till we come to the Four teenth Amendment. But many olausest Intended to protect the persons and liberties of the people are met with. Such Is provision as to habeas corpus, right of trial by jury, bills of attainder and strict limitation of the definition of treason and of forfeiture therefor; together with the guarantee that the citizens of each, state shall have the privileges and Immunities of the citi lena of the several states. Further, the right of the people to keep and bear arms Is guaranteed! their right to peaceable assembly, with freedom of speech. Is assured; soldiers are not to be quartered upon thera, and no religious test is to be required as a qualification for any publlo trust. In all the matters of prime Importance to the Individual citizen this Consti tution Is sensitive to personal rights. If there was any thought of making it "a rich man's Constitution." such thought or purpose appears nowhere In it. Tet probably there la more reason to suppose that a state, under the Initiative system, might enact laws as to personal and property rights that would be antagonistic to the National Constitution, than It would under the. legislative and representative system; but before any alarm Is raised on this probability it is well to wait and see. Tet the supposition that there may be danger here Is an argument presented In the Eastern press against - the initiative and referendum, which now is under pretty general discussion. HEINZE. - F. Augustus Heinze, the most spec tacular "high limit" gambler that the age of Frenzied Finance has produced, has added another exciting chapter to his remarkable career. This latest ex perience differs materially from any thing that he has previously encoun tered for now, for the first time since he became a National figure, he feels the Iron of defeat. The mag nificent nerve which enabled Heinze to' annex, without money and without price, some of the best mining proper ties in Montana and to fight to a stand still, the greatest corporation the world ever saw, apparently reached Its limitations when Wall Street got the strangle hold on the young plunger. Heinze, a young man, still In the thir ties, has a record which In many fea tures reads like an Arabian Nights tale.- Going to Montana when but lit tle more than a boy and with" no other capital than a good strong physique, a clear head and a colossal nerve, in less than ten years he be came a figure of world-wide Import ance In mining and financial circles, and a political dictator of almost su preme power In the Copper State. Time after time he met and van quished the - foroes of Standard Oil, winning now by the brute force of his loyal employes in the mines, and again by the subtler but equally pow erful Influence which he wielded in Judicial circles. But Heinze made the mistake of his life when he shifted his fighting ground from Montana to Wall Street. Out In the wild free West, his Jovial careless air of good fellowship rallied to his standard a following on which he could .depend In all emerg encies. But in Wall Street, sentiment long ago died from lack of nutriment and Heinze and the millions which he wrung from Standard Oil, were only a little more fresh meat for the wolves. And yet It would be hardly fair to enroll this spectacular plunger on the lists of the "Down and Out" Club. Heinze is not the first Westerner to take his bankroll down to Wall Street and leave It, but some of them have shown wonderful recuperative powers ana there is nothing in the past record of Henze to Indicate that he is not the peer of any men who have ever In dulged In high finance either In tin East or West. It will never be defin itely known how much of the credit for the remarkable victories which Heinze won in Montana is due to his own talent and nerve and how much should be apportioned to the unfavor able sentiment against his opponents. Montana, in permitting Heinze to take everything he found on the Standard Oil premises that was not nailed down, was prompted less by love for Heinze than by hatred for the men he was fighting and robbing. The Montana experience of this bold operator quite clearly Illustrates that considerable elasticity Is per mitted in any code of morals which gives the oil octopus the worst of the bargain. Without making any apolo gies for Heinze and his methods, it is perhaps a good thing for the country that some such financial buccaneer as Heinze comes along occasionally and engages in the pastime known - as "fighting the devil with fire." The cli max which was reached In New Tork yesterday ought to give Tom Lawson material for another chapter on the "Crime of Amalgamated." MORE WOE. The New Tork Sun will soon achieve established fame a3 the worst calamity howler In the country. When it is no longer able to wall over what has been done It conjures up shadowy visions of future woe and shakes the universe with sounding sobs over trib ulation yet unborn. For a year or two The Sun has applied its store of wit and satire In setting forth the calam ities which Mr. Roosevelt's policies of rate regulation and law enforcement must Inflict upon the country. The months have passed and the calami ties have not taken their cue. The stage Is all ready for them but they do not appear. Now, there is a change In the tune. Berating the President in the usual spirit, The Sun declares that "It is not what he has done or is now doing that destroys, confidence. It Is that which he proclaims so violently that he Is about to do." The Sun thinks that Mr. Roosevelt's "destructive pro clivities" disturb not only the United States but also every other civilized country In the world. The President is in fact an earth-shaker. This Is querulousness gone mad. It Is rancor foaming at the mouth. It Is uttered in fancied championship of the railroad Interests of the country but It is ludicrously malapropos, for almost every representative of the carriers whose opinion Is of any con sequence has already recorded his pub lic approval of the President's plans for the National control of corpora tions. They look upon it as their only refuge from the "destructive" legisla tion of the states. The Sun Is singularly unhappy In Its prejudices. In this instance it de nounces what the carriers and the pub lic both want and which Mr. Roosevelt wants only because It Is for the ad vantage of both. The cry that the President's policies have lessened the value of the railroads Is - nonsense. They have more business than they can attend to. and they are well paid for doing It. This Is what gives real value to the transportation lines. The figures which rfre chalked up or down In Wall Street are of little conse quence. As long as the railroads earn comfortable dividends for their share holders sensible people, will not worry over their "value" as it is seen In Wall Street, SOUND ADVICE. . Whatever may be thought of E. H. Harriman as a monopolist of railroads, and an autocrat of traffic, it must'be conceded that he Is sound upon the domestic problem. His advice to the young man who Is setting out In life to "pick out .a good woman, a co operative woman, one who will Inter est herself in whatever work he has to do, marry and have as many chil dren as he can take care of." Is sound, whether viewed from the standpoint of personal happiness, good citizenship or public morals. Upon the founda tion thus outlined and carefully laid lies the assurance of natural prosper ity In the best sense of that over worked term and of natural perpe tuity. Benlamln Franklin gave the same advice to the young men of the Re public's early days with the Important exception that he did not limit the number of children to the parents' ability to take care of them. In the early days of our National history this consideration was not as essential per haps as It Is now. The boys of that era Early learned to pay Their cheerful, self-reliant way. And the girls, following the example of their mothers, went soon to homes of their own, where the details of the "simple life" were worked faithfully and uncomplainingly: Albeit they oft en bore hard upon the young mother of many children. The conditions of life, and of living; of National life, educational life and home life; of finance, of industry, and of opportunity, have changed. Liter ally speaking, "old things have passed away," and with the passing it has be come an attribute of prudence, even of necessity, to lay Intelligent stress upon the clause of Harrlman's advice that1 makes it. differ from that of Frank lin. "Marry early and have all the children you can," said the latter, as he pointed out the road to honorable, successful manhood to the young men of his time. "Marry early and have all the children you can take care of," is the advice of the man of af fairs of today. SARATOGA. Why should we not have satirical monuments as well as satirical poems? If the time ever comes when the American people begin to commemor ate the Ironies of fate by erecting monuments to their involuntary ben efactors, Sir . John Burgoyne, whose surrender at Saratoga occurred 139 years ago yesterday, will be among the first to have one. There were few Indeed of the Generals or statesmen on the patriot side who did as much to bring victory to the American cause. His expedition from Canada down through the heart of the colonies by way of Lake Champlaln and the Hudson to meet Clinton, was theoret ically the perfection of military strat egy. It failed from causes entirely similar to those which brought dis aster to Braddock at old Fort Du Quesne and, in our .own day, to the British in South Africa. His troops were ignorant of the country,' incap able of individual action, and trained to fight only by established rule. The Americans fought every man for him self. They chose their points of at tack; advanced or retreated as they liked and knew no rules except the necessities of the moment. Troops fighting In this way on . their own ground have always proved superior to invading armies and' their con quest, when possible at all, has only been effected by dint of extraordinary persistence or uncommonly brilliants generalship. Tiberius overcame the Gauls about the head of the Adriatic by a com bined movement which -involved a march of the Roman armies through Germany to stride their rear while he himself attacked them in front. Thus penned in the barbarians lost the ad vantage cC the guerrilla methods and the Romans finally exterminated them. The German troops employed the same strategy In their late campaign against the rebellious natives In Africa. To a front attack the blacks were Invinc ible; but by a combined movement which took them on all sides at once they were defeated piecemeal and driven back into the desert to perish of want. The English in America were utterly unable to make headway against tin French and Indians in the old wars until Pitt conceived a simul taneous attack upon Quebec, the Great Lakes and the Ohio Valley. The exe cution of the plan fell far short of Its conception everywhere but at Quebec. Still it was successful and it made the British race supreme on this conti nent. The failure of Burgoyne's movement decided which branch of the British race should rule here. Burgoyne simply repeated the old blunder of Braddock. He marched with infinite pomp and parade into a trap whence there was no exit. All the lessons of history warned him of the peril of his attempt and he knew those lessons well, for he was an edu cated man, a thinker and a poet as well as a soldier. But he gathered his army In Canada, a brilliant force for those days, and took up his march along the Champlaln Valley and down toward the Hudson as gaily as If he had not undertaken to solve an Im possible problem. It was Impossible for Burgoyne acting alone; but had Clinton supported him effectively from New Tork there would have been a different tale to tell. The sheer force of his numbers gained him a little skirmish or two as he came up the lake; but the result of the expedition to Bennington after supplies ought to have revealed to him what sort of a task he 'had undertaken. Very likely it did; but then it was too late to think of retreat to "Canada and he had reason to believe that aid was ad vancing from New Tork. Had Clin ton sent an army up the Hudson to meet him the ancient strategy of Ti berius against the Gauls would have been repeated, but Clinton only played at war and Burgoyne was left to mach to his grim destiny. At the battle of Saratoga, which de cided the fate of BurgOyne's army, both Gates and Benedict Arnold ex hibited the greatest bravery and not a little of true generalship. Arnold was particularly fiery without in the least losing his head. But neither one of these men was of sufficient caliber to endure the glory he had won with out injury to his character. Gates rushed presently to the belief that the man who had compelled Burgoyne to surrender ought to be Commander-in-Chief of the continental armies, and he began that series of intrigues against Washington which marred his career and made his name odious In American history. Arnold felt that he had received no adequate reward for his services. He grew morose, envi ous, malignant, and ended by betray ing the country which his great vic tory had rescued from destruction. Few tragedies are more complete and bitter than the career of Benedict Ar nold. The importance of the surrender of Burgoyne was twofold. A line of Brit ish posts from Canada to New Tork would have effectually separated the New England colonies from the rest of the country. This would have been an Immeasurable calamity. Except In Virginia, devotion td the patriot cause burned nowhere so fervently as in New England. Perhaps the principal source of men, money and supplies would have been cut off by land, while intercourse by sea was out of the question because the British held un disputed supremacy on the water until near the end of the war when the Frenoh wrested it from them. Bur goyne's surrender saved the American cause from a calamity which would, have been fatal. It also decided the French to accede to Franklin's Im portunities for an alliance. From every point of view, therefore, the battle of Saratoga is of the first im portance in the annals of the Revolu tion, and it has the unique interest of being the only important victory which was won by the unaided Amer ican arms throughout the eight years of the contest. Some two weeks ago President Rip--ley of the Santa Fe road made an ex tremely pessimistic statement, to the effect that the outlook for the railroads was dark, so long as the attitude of the public remains as it is today. Tet now we have the annual report of the Santa Fe, which shows thct the-gross earnings of the road for the year ended June 30, 1907, showed a gain of no less than $12,882,000 over 1906. The following comparison of the ac count for three years tells what the Santa Fe has been doing: 1B0T. 1906. 190B. Gobs ino S94,4.'(S,575 879.890.740 IS9.1JS0.7.1O Ebtp. and tax. 61,779,910 61,035,356 47,835,883 Net ... 832,656.659 128,355,393 21, 853,856 Fixed charges 11,487,935 10,622,184 9,611.510 Surplus ...$21,168,724 17,733,209 $11,742,346 What's the matter with "these rail road managers, when they put up complaints in the face of such show ings as this? Tet President Ripley is obliged to refuse business because he hasn't cars enough to meet the de mand for them. The wind has been let out of many a bladder, no doubt; but the solid business of the railroads grows all the time. It Is announced that the Govern ment will place a line of steamers on the Panama route In opposition to the Pacific Mall, which is now giving a very poor service. There are great possibilities in this venture for an American merchant marine. It is so difficult to secure American steamers at this time that the Government would be obliged to exercise its pre rogative and buy foreign steamers. It would, of course, be unfair for the Government to compete with a line that was obliged to operate high priced American steamers, and to equalize matters, permission might be given for any line which cared to do business on the ocean to purchase vessels wherever they could be se cured to the best advantage. At the present writing such a boon for Amer ican shipping seems like a Utopian dream, but time works wonders, and the Bhip subsidy at last accounts was gasping for breath. The wheat market, in response to the law of gravitation, went down with a rush yesterday, Liverpool reg istering a decline of nearly three cents per bushel with the American markets following suit. For the first time since the Pacific North-west became an important wheat country, the growers in Oregon and Washington have mar keted their crop with great rapidity. The price, since the season opened. has been sufficiently high to make the crop ve'ry remunerative and the farm ers have shown a disposition to per mit some one else to take the chances on lower prices. There is, of course. a fair prospect that prices will again advance, but the Chicago market, which is theworld's market, is at present so much at the mercy of spec ulators that natural conditions have been temporarily "side-tracked. Those hopdealers who are now try ing to prove that they lived up to their contracts at the time when pick ing money was due, might have saved themselves trouble if they had taken receipts showing the payment of the money. A receipt is pretty good evi dence In this country. In the ab sence of a direct receipt a bank check bearing the indorsement of the farmer is fairly good evidence that the money was paid. But, of course, this little matter of getting receipts or indorsed checks Is rather difficult of accom plishment unless the money is paid. A preacher at the Congregational conference at Salem said he would rather have his daughter marry a man worth a million and without a cent than to marry a man with a million and not worth a cent. Very good. But It would be rather nice to marry a man with a million and worth it. Bull Run Is a pretty good name. It's better, certainly, than Skunk Riv er or Louse Creek, names well known In other states. But why not try the fishes? Now, there's Smelt Run. How would that suit those people who are so fastidious about Bull Run? There is ' great activity In football circles in showing how the team has been weakened by the loss or Injury of the best men. It is well to prepare the public mind for news of a defefet, and then there will be all the more glory in a victory. People who plant bombs at gate posts or send them through the mails might appropriately be condemned to spend the rest of their lives blowing out stumps from lands needed for or chards and grain fields. But catch them first. There were seven deaths in railway accidents in Oregon' last month. Un der the new law regarding damages for causing deaths, a man's life Is es timated to be worth $7500. Seven men are worth $52,500. Had that woman succeeded In her designs upon the Mayor would It have been proper to Invoke the unwritten law against her? Is there any Bauce for the goose that shouldn't be sauce for "the gander? Despite pessimistic predictions, the country is safe: President Roosevelt and President Harriman are agreed that early marriages and a houseful of children solve thev problem of the future. Maybe Harriman publicly Indorsed the President's views on race suicide to get Into the good graces of the man with the big stick. " Tom Johnson, of Cleveland, Bryan's second choice, Taft, of Cincinnati, Roosevelt's can the Presidency once more escape Ohio? In Louisiana the bears slunk away from Roosevelt, but how differently the Wall Street animals acted toward Heinze. There's one comfort: F. Augustus Heinze won't blame the administration. BRYAN GOIXG TO KEEP OUT. Story That He Will Not Ron for Pres ident In 1008. Washington Letter to Philadelphia Pr,ess. William Jennings Bryan may announce his determination not to be a candidate for the Democratic nomination for Presi dent. There are some Democrats who ex pect him to make such an announcement in Washington on the 25th of next month. On that date he will lecture before the George Wasnlngton University here, and it has been advertised that In the course of his lecture he will make "an Important political announcement." There are reas ons for the belief that this "important political announcement" will be a decla ration that he will not be a candidate for the nomination of his party next year. He has been advised by some of his closest political friends not to.be a candidate. It is asserted on good authority that ex-Senator James K. Jones, of Arkansas, who was chairman of the Democratic Na tional committee during the Bryan cam paigns, has written a letter to the "peer less leader," advising him to keep out of the race next year Mr. Jones declines to discuss the matter, pleading-that he is now practicing law in Washington and no longer in politics. There is good au thority, however, for. the statement tuat he has written tne letter. The ex-Senator apd ex-National chairman Is a very close friend of Mr. Bryan and the latter has much confidence in his experience and political acumen. It is said that Mr. Jones urged Bryan to keep out of the fight on the ground that he was foredoomed, to defeat if he became a candidate. In Mr. Jones' opinion ths Republicans are likely either to renominate Mr. Roose velt, or. If the third-term idea is too un popular, to nominate a man who will stand for all the Roosevelt policies. The Republican platform, he believes, will de clare strongly and clearly for the policies which Mr. Roosevelt has been advocating and against such declaration of principles Mr. Bryan wou.u have no show whatever. The popularity of President Roosevelt and the faith the people of the country have in his policies forecast victory for the Republican ticket,, and hence Mr. Jones is understood to have advised his friend Bryan to stay out. t "MEM AND WOMEN IN COLLEGES. Tufts' President Alarmed About Co-EducatIon--The Facts. New York World. The president of Tufts College warns the trustees that coeducation must be abandoned if the institution is to continue to attract male students. Young men, he says, are showing a de cided preference for men's colleges, where they are undisturbed by feminine associa tion. Only by the segregation of the women students in a department of their own. President Hamilton thinks, can the drift away from Tufts be checked and the college of letters prevented from soon becoming a girls' school. The warning is interesting as following by Just a year the adoption of the plan of sex segrega tion at the University of Chicago. Are college youth becoming fearful of mollycoddling influences at coeducational Institutions? At least there were o mol lycoddles In the Cornell boat at Pough keepsie, nor on the Michigan and Wis consin University elevens. Doubtless the main cause Is a discontent with the in vasion of their ancient domain by women in numbers which threaten soon to reduce the male students to a minority. In ten years the growth of the great coeducational colleges has been phenom enal, Cornell increasing its numbers from 1800 to 3399, Michigan adding 1800 and Wis consin i400. At the University of Chi cago the college population almost trebled, advancing from 1881 to 6097. Tufts Itself Jumped from 500 to 1160. Meantime the strictly women's colleges have grown greatly, Smith, wWch this year has a freshman class of 500. increasing from 850 to 1375, and Vassar doubling its numbers. The gain Is suggestive when contrasted with the Increase of 111 at Williams, 227 at Princeton, 135 at Bowdoln and 21 at Amherst. Dartmouth, to be sure, nearly doubled under President Tucker. Bnt the prepon derance of feminine growth may well ex cite masculine concern. Is the male stu dent to be entirely submerged at the co educational colleges? Will he be forced to take refuge in colleges where no wqm an may obtrude? Perhaps it would be wiser for Tufts to accept the Inevitable and let its men students go. Mixed Marriages. London Chronicle. Mixed marriages seem the Autumn fashion. We have Just heard of an Austro-Saxon Princess marrying an Italian pianist, and of some hundreds of British maidens seeking husbands In the United States. Mme. Waddlngton has Just been asking whether English or American women make the best wives for French and Italian hus bands. - And her opinion is that the American woman is the more success ful. She may be a careless house keeper, a slack mother, but she makes her husband proud of her as a wife. - Well, ' the woman who marries has usually to play four parts at least companion, lover, housekeeper and mother and, according to Mme. Wad dlngton, the American girl will take the stage admirably as companion. The English girl remains aggressive ly English. And the other day fhla writer caught the hint of the perfect mixed marriage from an overheard re mark in the street: "Git me an English husband and a Sherman wife!" It was a woman who spoke, and her happy face suggested that she had an' Eng lish husband. CURRENT COMMENT. Question of the hour: How soon is bear meat going to be cheap enough to affect the cost of beef? Washington Star. e Prohibition seems to be fast gaining ground throughout the country In spite of the Prohibitionists. --Toledo Blade. We have It on the best authority that there Is a lot of trouble bruin dn Louisiana at the present moment Rochester Democrat and Chronicle. see Mr. Cheats says "the discussions at The Hague were conducted In all seriousness." If we remember rightly, that Is Just what we were smiling at. Washington Fo'st. Mrs. Chadwick's career was a rare chap ter in American finance. Harriman, Ryan and a, few others ought to raise a monu ment to her memory, now that death has mercifully claimed her. Springfield Repub lican. What a traction manipulator Cassia Chad wick would have made! The ability which looted an Ohio bank by means of forged promissory notes would have shone resplen dent In the unloading of paper carllnes on confiding stockholders. New York World. Colonel Bryan still Insists that Okla homa will have the best constitution In the world. It certainly will have the only one In the world that provides a flash test for kerosene. St. Louis Glbbe-Democrat. After 'a while prohibition may become so uncompromising that anyone who sings When the swallows homeward fly," will be considered a violator of the blue laws. Louisville Courier-Journal. - - e A. minister In New York State has taken to reading novels to his congregation in stead of preaching them sermons. But aa he writes the novels himself It seems rather an unfair advantage for an author to take In seeking readers, as the congregation can not very well get away. Baltimore Ameri can. - Public control of railroads has come to stay and to be made broadly and minutely, effective, in one way or another; and If this cannot be done under private ownership of the roads it will be done through public ownership. Competition as a sufficient regu lative force Is out of the question and those who cling to that Idea and fight all kinds of mergers on the strength of It are about 30 years behind In the procession for the discovery of nractloal truth. Springfield LABOR LESS EFFICIENT. One of the Consequences of the Pres ent Extraordinary Demand. Iron Age. The gravest evil from which this country is now suffering, graver by far than the exaggerated dangers from mo nopolies or from freight rebates, is the decline in the efficiency of labor. It finds expression In slouchy work on the part of those who know how to do better, and poor worn on ;he part of those who have never been taught or are incapable of learning. To the more serious defect of lowered quality is added the troublesome feature of les sened quantity. It is a curious fact that the one question above all which is uppermost lr. the minds of manufac turers and other employers of labor, and which is privately discussed by them with helpless Iteration, is so rarely touched upon In public . utter ances. The hope of developing some remedy Is the only consolation to em ployers when they face the prospect of a decline in the volume of business. There has been an extraordinary de mand for labor of all kinds. So far as that has raised wages and directly increased' the cost of production em ployers have had no grievance, al though it is a troublesome and difficult matter to carry them back to the nor mal level. Manufacturers know that prices for their products usually de cline mor6 rapidly than the iaborcost, and must be willing to face that con tingency; The laws of supply and de mand never operate so promptly in the one case as they do in the other. As for the quantity of output of la bor, that, too, responds fairly well, when the demand for labor declines. The process of weeding out the lazy and the inefficient begins promptly and it may be accepted as a general fact that few managers have not thorough ly examined their rolls with a view to ward making their selections. The per centage usually will be small, but the moral effect is quite out of proportion to the numbers. During the past two years the knowledge that a Job was waiting for any man who was willing to take it has had a demoralizing ef foct upon all labor throughout the country. The fact will be firmly real ized soon that steadiness, reasonable industry and acquiescence in, necessary measures of discipline are primary con ditions for employment, and that sim ple application for work, is not the only qualification. COW PATH SECTION'S APPEAL. May Annex North End Clackamas County and Carry Line to River. PLEASANT VALLEY. Or., Oct, 17. (To the Editor.) Before the next Legisla ture meets, why not agitate the question of annexing the north end of Clackamas County, and extend the line to the Clackamas River. The people of this sec tion are directly Interested in marketing their produce in the city, and will sup port any movement that will give them relief, and afford the same faculty for good roads that is in evidence in Multno ham County. Cross the line anywhere south and east of here and the highways are no better than trails, and bear no resemblance to a road, winding as they do around stumps and irregularities of the ground. It is obvious that the officials of Clacka mas County neglect these remote districts from the county seat, considering that it is but a matter of time when the section spoken of will be annexed to MultTfomah, as the Interests of the people will ultimate ly cause them to secede. An electric line will eventually bring this vicinity within an hour's service of the business center of the west side making the slope of Mount Scott an attractive portion of the city for suburban homes. The present ap pearance of the section is a reflection on the country at large. It Is safe to say that no city the size of Portland has the original cow-paths classed as roads within an hour's walk of the city limits and almost in sight of The Oregonlan tower. - A. J. . "The Average Consumer." New Tork Evening Post. Just as the brewers are bewailing the epidemic of "sumptuary laws" which are destroying the legitimate markets for their products, comes the announcement that the price of beer is to be raised. Unless economic forces have themselves grown tipsy, the restriction of demand ought to make prices fall. and not rise. Or, possibly, the political power of the liquor Interests has been suffi cient to repeal the old law of supply and demand. In any case, the retail sa loonkeeper's tremendous margin of profit protects the average consumer. Taxes on liquors go up and down, -raw materials fluctuate, and pure-food laws compel the use of genuine and costly hops and malt, but the price "per glass" Is likely to remain, as Mr. Dooley said, "the legal standard of value" for many a day to come. - i The Gnawing; Missouri. Kansas City Times. In two years the Missouri River has de stroyed 60,000 acres of farm land. The average Missouri farm contains 120 acres. That means that each year fifty Missouri farms are tumbled over into the muddy water for want of adequate pro tection. Nor Is this cheap land. It sells at an average price of $100 an acre, even with the menace of the river hanging over it. Feeltnnrly Said. Louisville Courier-Journal. Even if prohibition proves as eternal as the hills, and the weeds grow knee-high In the paths to the prohibition drng stores, there is no good reason why the mint Julep Joke, which is probably one of the original 13. should pass from our literature, or why the Southern Colonel of fiction should be shelved by the il lustrated weeklies. A FEW SQUIBS. Blobbs Every man has his price. Blobbs Oh, I don't know. Many a man gives himself away. Philadelphia Record. She Do vou believe that man la really made of dust? He Well, he wouldn't be able to travel far in your company If he wasn't. Judge. "Say, pa. won't you buy me a drum?" "No, I'm afraid you would disturb me with the noise." "No I won't, pa: I'll only drum when you're asleep." Life. The Millionaire Henri, fetch a car. at once. The Chauffeur Which one, sir? The Millionaire (astounded) You don't mean to say there's more than one out of the repair shop? Puck. "So, Archie, you have proposed to the girl, have you?" "Yes." "And what did she say?" "She said she would refer my pro posal to her father." "Well, have you seen him?" "No; I'm a lltle dubious about that. She referred It to him with r power to act." Chicago Tribune. "Sammy." said a Germantown mother recently to her youngest-born, "when you divided those eeven pieces of candy with your brother, did you give him four?" "No, ma'am," replied Sammy, "I knew they wouldn't come out even, so I ate one be fore I began to divide." Harper's Weekly. "Of course." said the analytical question er "there Is a great deal to be said on both sides of the question." "Yes." an swered Senator Sorghum. "Too many of us are getting the idea that all a publlo ques tion is fit for nowadays Is to- serve as tha topic for a good talk." Washington Star. "What does your father do to earn his living?" asked a New York principal of a pupil who was being admitted. "Please, ma'am, he doesn't live with us; mamma supports me." "Well, then, how does your mother earn her living?" "She gets paid for staying away from papa," replied the child, artlessly Harper's Weekly. "I suppose. Henry, you are going to be Initiated into the order of Antelopes to night. Anything to spend an evening away from home." "No, dear; I have decided to withdraw my application. A friend of mine who belongs to it has told me I would be sure to be blackablled." "The Idea! Do they think you're not good enough for them? Henry, you go right off and Join the Gazelles! Show these cheap skates yon can get Into a good deal better secret society than theirs." Chicago Trlbun.e. BT LILIAN TINGLE. AT A London dinner party, some time ago, some one had men tioned the gatherings of a fa mous club which Included among the members many of the most distin guished literary men of the day. "Oh." said an enthusiastic debutante, "how I wish I could be present when so many clever people get together. Just tuink of all the splendid, witty things that outsiders never hear! I wonder what they talk about" Her dinner partner was an undistinguished (and possibly slightly envious) member of the same club. "I think I can tell you, If you. really want to know," he said. "They always begin on books, but pretty soon you'll find they all get to talking about something good to eat." Now, I don't know whether this is true or not; but the young girl's reply Is rather interesting. She said, ,re proachfully, 'What a horrid lot of epi cures!" Now, what did she mean? Have you noticed how so many people use the word epicure as if it were synonymous with glutton, and fall to make the dis tinction made by the French, between "gourmand" and "gourmet"? "Epicure" with many people means one (usually a man) whom plain fare will fail to satisfy. But Thackeray says, "An epi cure is one who never tires of brown bread and fresh butter"; and another famous authority sums up the matter by saying, "Your true epicure can dine well on one dish provided it be ex cellent of its kind." e e e After all, I think I must have been an epicure, myself, Just about this time last year, although I imagined that I was something entirely different. Still the fact remains that I not only dined, but breakfasted and lunched, many days In succession, on "a single dish." We were traveling In the interior of China, quite away from the track of the globe-trotter, and we deemed It best to subsist almost entirely on ome lets. For the rest the eggs were un doubtedly of the freshest Indeed, we often had to await the convenience of the hens who provided them; moreover, although I do not wish to appear con ceited, I must confess that I always made those omelets myself; and as they were apparently the only ones In the district, I think I have reason to believe that they were almost certain ly "the best." Q. E. D. Certainly we were epicures without knowing It. Still, on the whole, I rather think that "for a steady Job" I would prefer to be an ordinary eater of ordinary square meals, with a certain amount of va riety in them. But then It Is really doubtful If any woman ever can be a true epicure. A gourmand, yes, one can give many instances of such, and watch many of them In action on steamers, in hotels and in other publlo places. They are unfortunately almost as numerous as the unreasonably abstemious food-faddists of both sexes. A female gourmet, however, one who takes an Intellectual Interest In the pleasures of the palate and studies the art of dining as others study the art of dressing, is rarely to be discovered. The natural feminine tendency towards "jlcked-up" meals when alone and towards large prepara tions for company is utterly opposed to the teachings and practice of either gourmand or gourmet. Listen to this, written by a man, of course: "Fillets cut from the breast of plump under roasted ducks (that have been stuffed with chopped young sage and onions before they were roasted), served In hot orange gravy and the Juice that flows from the birds, with cayenne and high seasonings, are esteemed a rare luxury by the skillful gourmand. This is a dish for the solitary epicure, not for a table. Wives, children and friends have no portion in such dainties." eve Less exclusive, though equally greedy, was the 16th Century French poet Malherbe. He gave a dinner to six friends. When all were assembled, it was found the dinner consisted of seven fine boiled capons. The poet explained that he loved his friends all equally, even as he loved himself, and could not bear to think of serving to one the breast and to the other 'the drumstick; therefore h had provided a fowl apiece, so that eac'fl might enjoy his favorite tit-bits. A somewhat similar difficulty seems to have troubled a well-known million aire member of a certain yacht club, who recently sent In a letter of complaint t the house committee: Gentlemen: I have the honor to inform you that I lunched at the club this after noon and had as my guests three gentle men, all well-known gourmets. Among tha dishes that I ordered, an omelet was served which contained only three flies. As an old member of the club. Jealous of Its reputa tion as to generosity of portions, this nat urally touched my pride; it was, moreover, embarraslng. because In order to make an equitable division of the omelet It was necessary either to divide a fly a nice bit of carving, as you must concede or to forego a fly myself. 1 beg to suggest that In future when an omelet is ordered for four persons. It should be served with either ta four flies, or (b) no flies at all. My early Victorian friend "Hortense" writes a pleasing story of good eating to meekly receptive "Eloise": "Have we not also heard of the great sea serpent, which a very serious American, who ap pears to have been in company with him, says that he was so tarnation long that whilst engaged in dining out upon 4000 or 5000 turtles in Honduras, the end of his tail was at the same time hunting the white bear In the crystallized moun tains of the North Pole for his supper, being something of an epicure and con sequently fond of a change. These, dearest Eloise, are facts that no one can deny, I guess." Of course after that there is no more to be said, but it does seem extraordinary to what lengths some enthusiastic epicures will go In their search for favorite delicacies. A Rare Epitaph. Boston Herald. The following epitaph commemorat ing what would nowadays be called a "strenuous" career Is taken from Lady Nugent's Journal, Jamaica, 100 years ago: Here lies the body of LEWIS GALDY. ESQ.. Who departed this life at Port Royal, the 22d of December. 1730, aged 80. He was born at Montpeller In France, But he left that country for his Religion, and came to settle In this Island, where he was swallowed up In the .great Earth quake, In the Year 1692. And by the providence of God, was by Another Shock thrown into the Sea. and miraculously saved by swimming until a Boat took him up. He lived many years after in great Reputation, beloved by all who knew him. and much lamented at his Death.