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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 18, 1906)
VOL. XLVI.-XO. 14,361. PORTLAND. OREGON, TUESDAY. DECEMBER 18, 1906. PRICE FIVE CENTS. ELECTRIC III TO Will Ask Company For Advance in Wages. WALKOUT TO FOLLOW REFUSAL Men Believe They Can Tie Up the Power and Lighting System. MEETING IS ENTHUSIASTIC w Wage Schedule Formulated Which Must Be Itererred to Sa lem Union Definite Action to Be Taken Tonight. STRIKE SITUATION TODAY. Crisis In strike will corns tonight with first attempt of company to run cam after nightfall since Saturday. Electrical workers prepare for sym pathetic strike. . ' Pickets fall in attempt to prevent cars being run yesterday. Two switches jammed, causing de railment, and few windows broken by strike sympathizers yesterday. Citizens' Alliance comes to support of streetcar company. Movement for arbitration to set tle strike Is a failure. Stopping of cars at dark last night causes discomfort to thousands of working people. Car will be started from the barns; on all lines at 7 A. M. and run as usual during the day Whether they will run In the evening; will depend on developments during the day and whether or not it Is safe for the ear men to run. General Manager Fuller Electric linemen employed by the Port land Railway, Light & Power Company took the first steps leading to a sym pathetic strike last night. If the Salem uWon will subscribe to the demands for a new wage schedule an ultimatum will be presented to the company. If the company rejects the demands, the line men say, they will strike. About 40 linemen are employed by the company and nine-tenths of them are members of the -union. The linemen be lieve they hold the key to the situation and that If they strike at this time when the carmen are out, the company will be powerless t operate its cars. The electric lighting system may also seri ously suffer. A complete tie-up is pre dicted if the linemen and the company fall to come to terms. Last night the members of the local union .of electrical workers, to which the linemen belong, held a lengthy meeting at Drew hall, when a committee was appointed to draft a new wage schedule which will be submitted to the company. Another meeting will be held tonight, which will be attended by the linemen who are employed . by the electric and power system at Salem, which is owned by the Portland Railway, Light & Power Company. Owing to certain rules which govern the actions of the local unions no defi nite action can be taken until the line men at Salem who are employed by the same Interests have an opportunity to have a voice in the proceedings. To night they will have this opportunity, but it Is understood that those who favor a readjustment of the wage scale are In the majority and that they can con trol the meeting the same as they did last night. Before a strike can be de clared the consent of certain officials and executive bodies of the International union has to be secured, but this can all be done by telegraph, and It Is believed that It can be accomplished within a few hours. The higher officials have been closely following the situation and have been kept informed of all the develop ments, and it Is understood that they will sanction any action that the Port land local may take. ' If the linemen go out it. will probably be either Wednes day of Thursday. Carmen Think Battle All but Won. The carmen are Jubilant over what they term splendid prospects of a sympathetic strike being declared by the linemen, and believe that the battle is all but won. Last night a committee from the linemen conferred with the union carmen, who were holding a meeting In the same .building. The meeting of the linemen which was open only to those who belonged to the union was wildly demonstrative. Vigorous and enthusiastic speeches were made, the speakers pleading with the men to accept this opportunity to demand of the company what they believe to be their Just deserts. All the speakers were loudly applauded. The meeting began at 9 o'clock and did not break up until 12:30 o'clock this morning. . Most of the linemen are employed by the company to do repair work. If they walk out on a strike the linemen declare that it will be impossible for the com pany to fill their places at any Immediate date, and that within a few days the en tire system would be in a complete state of demoralization. The electrical workers employed -by the company have two different unions. The linemen belong to one and those who work indoors belong to another, and they have no connection. The Inside workers have taken no action whatsoever, and it IKE DEMANDS Is not known how they regard the situ ation.. - Crisis Will Be Reached Tonight. The crisis in the streetcar situation will probably be reached tonight, when it is expected the Portland Railway Company and the Oregon Water Power & Railway Company will attempt to run cars after nightfall. The question will be whether; the authorities can protect the cars, and the men running them. If cars can be run tonight, the company will consider that the back bone of the strike has been broken. Fair service was maintained on all the city lines yesterday, but at dark the cars were run to the barns, ths company fearing a recurrence of the riot scenes of Saturday night. Cars will resume at daylight this morning. The union tailed in its efforts to pre vent cars from leaving the barns yes terday morning. Attempt at Arbitration Falls. Arbitration has apparently failed to end the strike. A committee headed by Dan McAllen and W. P. Olds sought to effect a peaceable settlement in this manner and the union committee agreed to adjust its differences with the company by this means. However, recognition of a union committee is something the company will not con cede. The Portland Railway Company feels It has no communication before it from Its, carmen, and no request which has not been considered and an swered, arid officials think there can. therefore, be nothing to arbitrate. 'A rumor gained circulation yesterday afternoon that the strike Tiad been called off. From unusually reliable authority it was learned that the exec utive committee. In session yesterday morning, after the unsuccessful at tempt of the union pickets to prevent cars leaving the barns, voted to call the strike off. It was reported that both President Sorenson and Secretary McKenney, of the union, voted to end the trouble, but their action would, not be sanctioned by the general strike committee, made up of members of the Federated Trades Council. This was hotly denied by Secretary McKenney last night, who branded the whole story as false. He said it was the attempt of the opposition to dis credit the strikers. There was but little Interference with the cars yesterday, although men at work on them were hooted along the streets by strike sympathizers. Carmen Hold Secret Meeting. Nearly 300 carmen attended a secret meeting held last night at 10 oclock In the Drew building. "No compromise" was the battle cry at the session and the leaders and all the men now say they will not give in on ' any of the points for which they are-fighting. The officers of the union say that by actual count 275 carmen attended' the meeting, and It is believed that their esti mate ls about correct. Another meeting will be held at 10 o'clock this morning and the strike leaders say that It will be at tended by at least another 100 carmen. President 0orenson denied from the plat form the report that he had advised sev eral of the strikers on the O. W. P. lines to return to work If they could obtain their old positions back. The speakers all declared . themselves against making any compromise If nego. tlations are opened with the company and their remarks on this score were received with the wildest enthusiasm on the part of the assemblage. The rules of the union provide for arbi tration at all times. The carmen are will ing to leave the settlement of the strike in .the hands of any body . composed of fair and Impartial citizens and whatever decision they would arrive at would be accepted. But If they have to deal -directly with the company they declare they will not compromise on anything. Kair Service Maintained. Regular -schedules were, operated on the Piedmont and O. W. P. divisions of the Portland Railway, Light & Power Com pany yesterday. On the East Ankeny and Savler street divisions, about 60 per cent of the usual number of cars were in com mission. Many cars on all lines carried double crews. Qood service was given all day, but the care were ordered to the barn at 5 o'clock on all lines' except the O. W. P. division to avoid possible con flict with mobs. Rocks were thrown yesterday at differ ent points throughout the city. Windows were broken In about a dozen cars from the Piedmont barn, and ' carmen were dared to come back on the streets after dark with their cars and see what would happen. Rock throwing was confined to euburbs where the police were not In sight Men In charge of the Piedmont barn say that, despite the possible dan ger to men running cars, not over 6 per cent of the men reporting at that barn are unwilling to work. Many of the men express unwillingness to expose them selves to possible danger, but say that as soon as they are given protection they will go back to work. Two switches were Jammed by strike sympathizers yesterday,, one of which caused a wreck of a merchants' express (Ooncluded on Pa tee 4.) One result of walk lug. Facial owner PROMISE RELIEF WITHIN HI Railroads Will 'Raise Fuel Famine. REBUKED BY COMMISSION Asked Why Freight Trains Move Like Ox-Teams. HOT BOXES GET THE BLAME Presidents of Roads in Northwest Tell Commission Scarcity of Lo comotives, Inadequate Termi nals, Etc., Cause Shortage. MINNEAPOLIS, Minn., Dec. 17. The fuel famine In the Northwest will be broken within 24 hours as a result of the Interstate Commerce Commission's Inquiry In this city today. The com mission was represented by James S. Harlan, of Chicago, and Franklin K. Lane, of San Francisco. Mr. Lane Is taking personal charge of the fuel in quiry, while Mr. Harlan is busily en gaged In the car shortage inquiry. It was decided that the fuel famine was the more important, there being al ready many reports at hand of the suffering. Relief Within One Day. Mr. Lane questioned E. C. Blanchard, division superintendent of the 'North ern Pacific at Duluth, and D. M. Philbln, assistant general agent for the Great Northern road at Duluth, today. Before Mr. Lane "had finished his ex amination both witnesses had promised that relief would be forthcoming with in the next 24 hours, and orders have been given to rush coal to the suffer ing towns, all other traffic being made secondary until supplies shall have been furnished. The secretary of the Minneapolis Chamber of Commerce submitted a statement showing that the movement of the crop this year had fallen off many millions of bushels,"lcompared with previous years. Why Are Cars So Slow? It puzzled the attorneys and mem bers of the commission at the after noon session why It took a freight car on the average about 13 days to make a trip that could be made at a 10-nitle rate in 25 hours. Mr. Blanchard. by whose testimony the situation was brought out, ex plained it by stating that hot boxes frequently delayed the progress of a car, and that various causes contribut ed to the delay of the car in transit. According to his testimony it would not be uncommon for a freight car to move from point to point at the rate of not less than a half mile an hour. He stated that there was an Increase in shipments of every commodity grain and lumber from the Coast, mer chandise, coke, coal and wood products. All Year to Get Ready. , Mr. Lane asked the witness for how. long a period it took so long a time as from 10 to 13 days to move a freight car 250 miles, and he was told that the conditions were most unfavorable to speed during September, October and November. "And you know ahout this every year, don't you7" asked Mr. Lane. "Yea, we expect It," was the reply. "You have nine months to prepare for It?" stated the commissioner. "Yes, we try to do ohr best," was the answer. APPEAL TO .r-riblSLATXRKS. Each Northwestern State. Will Act on Fuel Famine. MINNEAPOLIS. Minn., Dec. 17. Inves tigation of the present fuel famine crisis in the Northwest may not stop with the Investigation of the Interstate Commerce Commssion now on In Minneapolis. It Is probable that In every affected state, notably Minnesota. North Dakota and Montana, the subject will be made a HUMORS OF THE STREETCAR STRIKE, AS SEEN BY expression of the of automobile. Golnjr home at night, pre pared for fog, footpads, and obstructed streets. matter of legislative Investigation. North western coal dealers have indicated to the large shippers here that they plan to stir up official investigation In their states. Towns that are- suffering now or have been held in the grasp of Win ter and the famine are laying their cases before their legislators and asking that the subject be brought up at the coming sessions of the State ' Legislatures and action taken to prevent a repetition. The race Is on between the railroads and the cold. If the weather wins, cut ting down the' efficiency of motive pow er and bringing on heavy blizzards, there will be suffering and loss of life. But reports today indicate that the rail roads are rushing fuel Into the districts where there is actual want or where stocks are low. The Great Northern Is taking no full carloads west of Grand Forks other than fuel. The Northern Pacific has sent out 300 cars of fuel for commercial use In the last two days. At the storage docks at the head of the. t v - - y t F. P. Shouts, Whose Work on Panama Canal Wlos President Approval. lakes the dock companies are ordered to load as far as possible for commercial use. According to the Great Northern officials, the coal shortage at' Great Northern points In North Dakota will be a thing of the past In a very few days. From Mlnot, N. D.. reports say that in some portions of the county farmers are tearing up their fences and using them for fuel. PRESIDENT'S EYE ON RAILROAD Suggestion That Government Oper ate Railroads In Emergencies. WASHINGTON Dec. 17. President Roosevelt is taking a deep interest In the situation aa to car shortage, complaints regarding which have come from many sections of the United States. Some time ago a partial statement bearing on the car shortage was submitted to the Presi dent by the Interstate Commerce Com mission and, when the more complete report, which the commission has under way in the Northwest, has been pre pared. It will be sent to the President for his information in the event he de cides to make any recommendations to Congress on the subject. He has not yet taken any steps Indicating his probable course. Among suggestions that have been made to the President Is that he recom mend legislation by Congress empowering the Government to take charge of rail roads and operate them under certain contingencies, especially In a case like the present, where the shortage of cars affects the transportation of fuel and necessities of life. This proposition, how ever, It is stated at the White House, has never been even remotely considered by the President. CAUSES OF CAR SHORTAGE Lack of Locomotives and Deficient Terminal Facilities. WASHINGTON, Dec. 17. Three morja responses have come to the interstate Commerce Commission from North western .railways in response to Chair man Knapp's telegram of last week calling attention to the reported short age In cars and the complaints of "a lack of transportation for the neces sities of life and of fuel.. The telegram was sent to the presidents of six of the great Western and Northwestern roads, and replies have now been re ceived from all of them. From infor mation conveyed by the railroad com panies today, the Commissioners ex press the opinion that one cause of the shortage in' fuel Is that the deal ers have not stored up In advance suf ficient quantities for the Winter's sup ply, but have, as stated in the reply (Concluded on Pace 2.) "Haven't X got as morh right to eat tenderloin steak a the president of the road?" , Tough cop. PEOPLE'S MONEY LENT POLITICIANS Another Million Gone in Pennsylvania. WAYNESBURG IN DEEP SORROW Rinehart Good to "the Boys" With Others' Cash. OTHER BANKS ALSO LOSE Whole Population Trusts Him, While He Discounts Xoies of Political Friends Rinehart Arrested and Others Suspected. PITTSBURG. Dec. 1". The wreck of the Farmers & Drovers' National Bank of Waynesburg, Pa., tonight appears to have been much more complete than It at first seemed. It Is apparent that the hungry politicians of Pennsylva nla have once more got in their work, as on the recent ill-fated Enterprise National Bank of Allegheny. Instead of falling for a few thousands, as at first reported, it comes out today that the Waynesburg bank was short about $1,000,00 when Its doors closed. This afternoon late, warrants were served on Cashier J. B. F. Rinehart of the crippled bank. He is charged with having made false reports to the Comp troller of the Currency regarding his bank, thereby showing It to be about $1,000,000 richer than it really was. Rinehart, who Is also vice-president of the bank and Its owner, having S22 of the 1000 shares, at once gave $10,050 ball for a hearing at court and waived a hearing before the United States au thorities. Many Notes From Politicians. It is believed that investigation will show up much of a sensational nature. Examiner Cunningham is still at work in the bank at Waynesburg, and after a talk with him by phone this evening, Uniierf States District Attorney Dun kle wired the Department of Justice at Washington asking that a man be detailed at once to work on the crim inal end of the business. This leads to the belief that there are other ar rests of a sensational nature to fol low. According to an authentic, yet not official, source tonight, it Is learned that at least 60 banking Institutions In Pittsburg and Western Pennsylva nia, as well as one or two in Chicago, had a bit of the. flood of politicians' paper, which the Waynesburg bank had re-discounted recently. The name of none of the banks supposed to have been nipped his been made public, but It is well understood that the $000,010 In politicians' paper was well scat tered. Rinehart in his statement ' to the Comptroller of the Currency gave the figures on re-diecounted paper as $80,000, which. If true, would have shown the bank to be in the best of shape; but this wa untrue, and the real amount was $520,300 more. Rinehart Has Strong Pull. Every effort is being made to keep details of this paper from the public, and that Rinehart has some very strong men behind him was shown when he came to Pittsburg last night registered at a downtown hotel and remained there most of today, while no effort was made to serve the war rant on him by the Federal authorities. Rinehart spent a very busy day, and. when be got ready to be caught, he telephoned to the United States Dep uty Marshal to come and read the, war rant to him: also to come prepared to accept lila bail bond of $10,000, which had already been made out. After giving ball, Rinehart disappeared. SAD CHRISTMAS APPROACHES Business Almost Suspended by Fa 11- , nre Rinehart Good for Loss. WAYNESBURG. Pa., Dec. 17. With the closing of the Farmers' & Drovers CARTOONIST MURPHY somnolent That overworked yarn abont "being at the club" can lay off for awhile. National Bank last Wednesday, the ar rest at Pittsburg today of Cashier J. F. B. Rinehart. charged wltn making false reports to the comptroller of the cur rency, and the discovery of an alleged discrepancy amounting to J&A000. busi ness in this city is almost at a stand still. Many merchants sold scarcely a dollar's worth of goods today, and some contemplate closing their stores until the bank difficulty has been adjusted. Hundreds of men, women and children In Waynesburg and the surrounding re gion have their money deposited in the Farmers' & Drovers' Bank, and as a re sult, of their Inability to get at their savings the holiday season promises to be a sorry one. It Is feared that a short age of cash will cause further business depression. It was announced tonight there was no reason for depositors to be alarmed, as Rinehart's personal assets were suffi cient to cover any amount that might have to be made good. It is estimated here that he Is worth considerably more than $1,000,000. BISHOP M'CABE'IN SHADOW Venerable Prelate of Methodist Church May Die Any Minute. NEW YORK. Dec. 18. At 11:30 last night Dr. Peabody, the attending physi cian, said that Bishop C. C. McCabe. of the Methodist Episcopal Church, was extremely low and likely to die at any moment. Late last night he was unconscious. Last Tuesday the bishop was stricken with apoplexy while passing through this city on his way to his home In Philadelphia and was removed to the hospital. He Is 70 years of age. Declare Against a World's Fair. LOS ANGELES. Dec. 17. A special committee of 25. representing the Mer chants' and Manufactures' Association, Chamber of Commerce and the Los An geles Clearln"Houe Association, today agreed upon a recommendation to the effect that It would be undesirable and Inexpedient to promote the project of a world's fair in 1915. Members of the com mittee argued that the reaction follow ing such an exposition would overbalance the benefit received. CONTENTS TODAY'S PAPER The Weather. YESTERDAY'S Maximum temperature, 49 degrees; minimum, -40. TODAY'S Ratn; southerly winds. Foreign. French bishop who compiled with law to be repudiated by Vatican. Page 4. ' National. President ttoosevelt sends mesnage recom mending reform of land laws. Page 1. President reports on Panama canal trip. Page 4. Reform in naval promotion recommended by President. Page 8. House debates Indian bill. Page 8. Humphrey gies Roosevelt arguments for ship subsidy. Page 3. Japanese Amhansador tH-f I r m--Ja p--vn' .warm friendship for United Spates. Page 8. lHimestlc. Railrbads promise Immediate relief from conl famine and all make excuses. Page 3. Waynesburg bank fnllure causes one arrest and Involves many Pennsylvania politi cians. Page 1. Chancellor Day takes up cudgels for trusts. Page 3. Lumber vessel's perilous voyage around the Horn. Page 2. Direct evidence of poisoning against Chi cago hypnotist. Page 2. Strothers telfs why By waters was killed. Page 3. Pacific Coast. Rudolph Bpreckels on witne-m fftand tells of infamous1 proposal made to him by Ruef. Page 4. Million bushels of wheat rota on Northern Pa cific platform In Central Washington, while sidings axe crowded with empty cars. Page 6. Widow of the murdered Ju1re EJinory take stand at trial of Chester Thompson. Page e. Spokane's threat eon-corning fair appropriation does sot alarm Seattle. Page 11. Eccentric German farmer Uvea like hermit for nearly quarter of a century. Page 6. Commercial and Marine. Livestock market glutted with poor cattle. Page 15. Coeur d'Alene stocks stronger. Page 15. Belllnjj weakens New York stock market. Page 15. Increase In visible wheat supply. Page 15. Bark Prussia believed to have been wrecked by storm at sea. Page 14. Hamburg-American liner Victoria Louise ashore on Jamaica. Page 14. Portland and Vicinity. Klectrlc linemen vote to demand higher wages, with strike as alternative. Page 1. Crisis In streetcar strike situation will come with attempt to operate cars after darkness tonight. Page 1. John Barrett guest of honor at banquet at Commercial Club. Page 4. Quarter block at southwest corner of Fifth and Washington streets, occupied by de partment store of Olds, Wortman & King, sold for $350,000. Page 7. Trial of B. F. Boynton, charged with per jury In connection with Sellwood election frauds, begun. Page 14. Hodson men deny Haines hes 12 votes pledged for Presidency of State Senate. Page 7. And be can't put It in the slot-machine either. ! LID LIS NEED DRASTIC REFORM President Condemns Without Mercy. PROVISIONS TEMPT TO FRAUD Monopoly Fostered in Coal, Timber and Farming. GRAZING LAWS DEFECTIVE Special Message Points Out Man? Vicious Provisions and Warns Congress Lawbreakers Will Be Prosecuted. WASHINGTON", Dec. 17. Three mes sages from the President were re ceived by Congress today, and their reading took practically all the time of the Senate. The reading was de layed in the House by the fact that it was suspension day. The messaged were In relation to the public land laws and the naval personnel bill and on account of the President's visit to Panama, The latter message at tracted great interest because it was elaborately Illustrated, showing the work on the great waterway in its various stages. It was in the form oC a story of the President's visit. As It was read the Senators followed it closely from handsomely bound copies Which had been laid upon their desks. The message on the public land lawa read as follows: 4 The development of the ifast year empha size with Increasing force the need of vigor ous and immediate action to recast the pub lic land laws and adapt them to the actual Fltuation. The timber and stone act has demonstrated conclusl vely that its effect 1 to turn over the public timber lands to great corporations. It hen done enormous harm. It Is no longer needed, and it should be repealed. The desert land act results so frequently In fraud and comparatively seldom In nink lng home on the lend that It demands radl- cal amendment!). That provision which per mits assignment before patent should bo repealed Bnd the entry man should be re quired to live for not les than two year at home on th-er Jemd -tT-efrf-rt ratnnt issue. Otherwise the desert land law will continue to assist speculators and other large holders to get control of land and water on th-s public domain by Indefensible means. Repeal Commutation Clause. The commutation clause of the homestead act serves, in a majority of cases, to defeat the purpose of the homestead act itself, which Is to facilitate settlement and create) homes. In theory the commutation clause should assist the honest settler, and doubt less in some cases ft does so. Far more often It supplies the means by which speculators and loan and mortgage companies Recurs possession of the land. Actual, not con structive, living at home on the land for three years should be required before com mutation, unless It should appear wiser to repeal the commutation clause altogether These matters are more fully discussed III the report of the Public Lands Commission, to which I again call your attention. I am, gravely concerned at the extremely unsatis factory condition Qf the public land laws, and at the prevalence of fraud under their present provisions. For much of this fraud, the present laws are chletiy responsible. There Is hut one way by which the fraudu lent acquisition of these lands can be defi nitely stopped, and therefore I have directed the Secretary of the Interior to allow no patent to be Issued to public lands under any law until by an examination on th ground actual compliance with that law has been found to exist. For this purpose an Increase of special agents In the I -and Office Is urgently required. Unless, they are given, bona fide, would -be -settlers will be put to grave Inconvenience, pr else the fraud will in large part go on. Amend Coal Land Law. Further, the , Secretary of the Interio should be enabled to employ enough mining experts to examine the validity of all min eral land claims and to undertake th supervision and control of the use of the mineral fuels still belonging to the United States. The present coal laws limiting the Individual entry to 160 acres puts a premiums on fraud by making It Impossible to develop certain coal fields and yet comply with th law. It Is a scandal to maintain laws which, sound well but make fraud the key without which grat ' natural resources must remain cloit. The" law should give individuals and corpor ations, "under proper Government regulation and control (the details of which I shall not at present discuss), the right to work bodies of coal land large enough for profitable de velopment, own belief Is that there should be provision for leasing coaJ, oil and gas rights under proper rentrictions. t the additional force of special agents and mining experts I recommend Is provided and well used, the result will be not only to stop land frauds, but prevent delays la patenting claims and conserve the indis pensable fuel resources of the Nation. ReviH Rfght-of-Way Laws. Many of the existing laws effecting rights) of way and prevlllxcs on public lands and reservations are Illogical and unfair. Some work Injustice by granting valuable rights tnj perpetuity without return. Others tend to pro tect the grantee In his possession of permanent Improvement made at large expense. In fair ness to the Government, to the holders of rights and privilege! on the public lands and to the people whom the latter serve, I urge the revision and enactment of these laws la one comprehensive act, providing that the reg ulations and the charges now In force In many case may be extended to all, t the end that unregulated or monopolistic control of great natural resources may not be acquired or mis used for private ends. Exchange Land With Railroads. The boundaries of the National forest re serve. unavoidably Include certain valuable timber lands not owned by the Government. Important among them are the iand grants of various railroads. For more than two years negotiations with the land grantees have been In progrees, look ing toward an arrangement by which the for est on railroad lands within National forest reserves may be preserved by the removal o the present crop of timber under rules pre scribed by the Forest Service and its perpetu ation may be assured by the transfer of ths land to the Government without cost. The advantage of such an arrangement to the Gov ernment lies in the acquisition of lands whosa protection Is necessary to the general welfare. Tbe advantage to the railroads Is found la the proposal to allow them to consolidate thetc Concluded on Pave 3.).