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YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem
perature. 82; minimum temperature, 55; pre
cipitation, 0.
TODAY'S WEATHER Fair; northerly winds.
SOR.TLAXDf WEDNESDAY, JULY 29.
ASPECTS OF THE LABOR. SITUATION.
New York's experience with the build
ing trades is parallel with Portland's,
The tendency is for separate trades to
handle their -own affairs, masters and
men. The boss painters and journey
men painters can get together and set
lie their own difficulties better than
they can with outside help or hindrance,
The Building Trades Council in New
York got its component unions into a
good deal such a mess as the unions
of Portland were got Into by their
Building Trades Council.
In New York the break-up took the
form of an offer of separate arbitration
agreements from the employers, and
though the Building Trades Council
opposed the arrangement, so many
unions have accepted the offer of the
bosses, In spite of the Trades. Council's
discipline, that some 35,000 men have
gone back to work. In Portland the
strike went to pieces a good deal in the
same way. The experience of both
sides was that more was lost than
gained by the actions of Buttinskis
among employers and men .alike.
It is possible that this experience
points out the ultimate solution of labor
troubles and the limit that must be 'set
to organization. United action is be
neficent for masters on their side and
for men on their side, and up to the
point of complete control of any given
trade; but to seek to mix carpenters
and painters, or masons and laborers,
seems to complicate the situation attd
impede settlement. It is noticeable that
in the more successful and least
troubled trades this jealousy of outside
Interference is very marked. The .as
pect of the building world, at least,
tends to call in question the feasibility
of Mr. Parry's plan for a universal or
ganizatlon of employers, aiming at pro
miscuous warfare on employes all along
the line.
Comes now this Spokane eplsodte, to
becloud the whole situation with fresh'
doubt. In no industry has the principle
of organized employers and organized
employes in a single trade been car
ried to such perfection as In the jiews
paper business. There is a standing
agreement, under which disputes are
submitted to arbitration, work mean
While going on without strike or lock.
out. ontracts are signed for one year
or three years, and strikes have been
practically eliminated. Yet in the face
of this highly successful and mutually
pleasant arrangement;the modus oper
andi has utterly broken down in Spb
kane, with all the operators out on
strike, three dally papers unable to ap
pear, and, until yesterday's precipitate
settlement, every indication of a pro
tracted fight, ruinous to both sides.
We have no purpose to discuss the
merits of the Spokane controversy, least
of all to pronounce judgment on the
xight of the case. All the facts are not
at hand, and generally it is some one
or more remote circumstance, kept in
the background by one or both parties
to the controversy, which would deter
mine the decision of a just judge, rather
than the points so ostentatiously parad
ed by the contestants. On Its face the
publishers' statement stamps the union
and the typographical president as the
most idiotic and unprincipled of earthly
creatures a hypothesis which is,
course valueless for any practical pur
pose. On the other hand, the union';
firm belief that the arbitration award
was irregular In its legal status and un
. fairly obtained seems to us inadequate
as an excuse for rupture of all further
arbitration proceedings and deliberate
appeal to force.
Leaving the merits of the case on one
side, therefore, the Spokane outbreak
Is interesting as calling in question the
complete satlsfactorlness of a working
agreement between masters and men
in a single trade for the entire country.
It will certainly be hailed with delight
by General Otis, of the Los Angeles
Times, and all other antagonists of or
ganlzed labor, who hold that contracts
with unions are useless, because unions
will not keep their agreements. It will
also suggest the query whether, after
all, one course of procedure can be
made to fit the widely differing condl
lions of distant places and unlike clr
cumstances. It Is, moreover, a forcible
reminder that arbitration, after all. Is
a mere Instrument and not the cause
in itself which dreamers sometimes
seem fondly to Imagine. It. Is possible,
also, that if a settlement had not been
promptly reached the sequel might hav
carried a warning for employers as well
namely, that it is sometimes better to:
"agree with thine adversary quickly,
while thou art in the way with him.''
It is seldom that the victor In these
battles rises unscathed from the com
bat. Notwithstanding the fact that the
busiest season of the year in agricul
tural occupations, in logging and rail-
road camps, in woodch'opplng, handling
and- storing, on dairy ranches, In clear
ing land every phase, Indeed, or what
is known ns -common labor la on. there
are a great many idle men In this city
ho profess to he .unable to find work.
The able-'bodled beggar Is a' frequent
visitor at back doors In the suburbs,
and men lounge around the billboards
on various corners under pretense of
finding something to -do. But now a
flaxgrower of Marlon County, utterly
falling Jn the attempt to get men or
boys to pull his crop, was compelled to
put a -mower at work upon It; dairymen
find it Impossible to get steady, sober
men to milk : their cows, and wheat-
growers approach the harvest time anx
iously as the prospect of securing hands
that can- be depended -upon to work
throughout the season is anything but
encouraging. Hopgrowers are some
what less apprehensive on the labor
score, since women and children rany
to the hopflelds in picking-time, and
this class of help is generally reliable.
The fruit season is already on, and
here, again, .the .grower Is .handicapped
in his effort to secure, clean, sober, re
liable men to handle his crops. '"Wages
in all of these branches of industry are
good higher, indeed, than employers
can afford to pay and yet the -"can't-get-work"
vagrant hangs around the
cities and towns of the country, begs
food from back doors to keep base life
afoot, -and sleeps In odd corners with
his clothes on. It may be hoped that
no one out of sympathy for the hungry
will feed these Idlers. Sympathy for
any able-bodied person who will not
work Is misplaced. It discredits the
judgment of the sympathizer and en
courages indolence and all of its mis
chievous train of public Ills and pri
vate vices to . feed idlers. Let good
housewives turn a deaf ear -to the pet!T
tlon of back-door beggars for "a little
bite to eat" and send them about such
business as they have with few wordsl
BRITISII COMMON SENSE.
Thirty-seven residents of Walla Walla
County,. "Washington, have been listed
as habitual drunkards by order of the
Superior Court Liquor dealers are 'for
bidden to furnish them with drinks
under severe penalties. The law pro
vides that a violator shall forfeit his
license, and subjects him to the penalty
of selling liquors without a -license.
The line Is not less than 550 and not
more than $300, or unprlsonment In t!he
County Jail of not less than one or not
more than six years.
This law Is inferior to the new British
statute, which not only punishes the
liquor dealer, but the alcoholic. Under
the British law, when a man Is listed
as an Inebriate, he is notified that if
he is found Intoxicated In public he will
be promptly arrested and confined for a
16ng term In a reformatory. This Im
prisonment may be for years if he
should prove to be an Incorrigible after
undergoing a thorough course of med
ical treatment The British thepry of
justice in the matter of liquor legisla
tion Is sounder than our own, which is
usually a jug-handled law that places
all the responsibility for the existence
of the Inebriate and all the punishment
for his .pranks upon the liquor dealer.
The British law says that the inebriate
Is either responsible or irresponsible for
his acts. If he is responsible, he de
serves exemplary punishment as a pub
lie nuisance and ultimate economic
burden on the community. It he Is Ir
responsible for his actions through the
mental or physical wreck caused by his
disease of alcoholism, he must .be sent
to a reformatory to remain a longer or
shorter term until by enforced medical
treatment and restraint ne is deemed fit
again for a life of full human freedom
and responsibility.
England Is an old civilization. It has
been confronted with the social evil of
intemperance for two centuries. That
Is, intemperance has been a serious sub
ject for the consideration by her states
men and philanthropists for about that
time. England has In the past tried
the sentimental method of reform,
which nlaces the chief moral resnonsl
blllty and all the legal penalty upon the
liquor-seller to no purpose, and now
her lawgivers have reached solid ground
when they say that a liquor dealer who
shall sell Intoxicants to "a listed drunk
ard shall forfeit his license, and that the
listed drunkard shall be arrested and
punished by a long term of Imprison
ment In a reformatory whenever he is
found intoxicated. The' British law Is
more Instinct with the spirit of equal
justice than the prohibitory law In
Maine, -which forbids under fine and
imprisonment the sale of ardent spirits,
and yet does not make it an offense for
a man to offer a premium to a liquor-
seller to break the law for the satlsfac
tlon of the drinker, who knows that the
sale is illegal. The logic of prohlbl
tlon Is always lame when it punishes
the liquor-seller for selling that which
any man may buy with impunity
knowing that its sale Is forbidden. by
law. The British law Is far more just,
for It tells the saloonkeeper, "You may
not sell to a drunkard, or even a
drunken man, with impunity," and also
tells the listed Inebriate that If he
is found Intoxicated he will-suffer most
exemplary punishment
The British law holds the alcoholic
incorrigible to be a public enemy,
man to be held In public restraint of his
liberty all his days, if necessary. If It
be "urged that this is rather heroic
treatment in many cases, the answer
Is that it is the best, In the long' run,
for the vast majority of habitual drunk
ards. If you cannot turn a man's
moral pride, sense of self-interest, self-
respect and family affection Into an ag.
gresslve determination to reform him
self, then he Is a subject for science,
for the doctor not a fit object upon
which to lavish eloquent prayers or
sympathetic tears. Any other treat
ment of the Incorrigibly Intemperate
than this bitterly tonic method is de
moralizing and dangerous. Nine times
out of ten an able doctor who with un
sparing veracity tells his patient that
his so-called "craving" for alcohol Is
only catarrh of the stomach produced
by excess, and that under the restraints
of the hospital and tonic treatment of
the nervous system he can be restored
to a condition of normal health, when
he will feel no craving for alcoholic
stimulant does more good than all the
temperance quacks who make the in
temperate weak brother a more peculiar
object of sentimental sympathy than
any other kind of weak brother or
erring sister.
The great mass of intemperate people
dp not really need such heroic treat
ment as Imprisonment They need only
the lash of stern social public rebuke
and withdrawal of business confidence.
The men who reform' do not yield to
sentimental treatment, which only
makes fat the vice on which they feed.
T,he men who reform are those who
are capable of self -hate and self-con -
tempt because of self-abuse. A man
capable of sincere spiritual shame and
self-reproach Is capable of reformation,
but sentimental treatment Is not calcu
lated to rouse the mood which makes a
man want to scourge himself from head
to foot. Sentimental treatment minis
ters to the vice of self-extehuatlon and
self-pity Instead of creating the aggres
.slve mental atmosphere of self-accusation
and reproach. Lashing the vice
on which the saloon grows fat, as the
.British law does, is not only common
sense, but stern complete moral justice,
while mere sighing over the saloon
smacks of maudlin .reform methods
that are debilitating to the public con
science and to the Inebriate, who needs
the bracing, honest horsewhip of public
opinion and harsh private rebuke rather
than 'any weak coddling or condoning
of his vice. The British law has only
enacted the view urged In the North
American Review more than ten years
ago by Dr. Crothers, who argued that
the Inebriate, like the Insane, should
be controlled by the state through the
commitment of the Incorrigible drunk
ards to Industrial hospitals for an In
definite time.
A CONTEST JOP CIVILIZATIONS.
A Southern man, Dr. McCaleb, recent
ly reargued the question whether Aaron
Burr was a traitor or only a filibuster
in 1S06-7, and now another Southern
man, George P. Garrison, of the Univer
sity of Texas, contributes to the series
of "American Commonwealths," pub
lished by Houghton, Mifflin & Co., a very
interesting book, which he calls "Texas
A Contest of Civilizations."
The region known as Texas was tra
versed by Spanish explorers several
times during the sixteenth century, but
the first European settlement was made
by the famous French explorer. La
Salle, who in 1685 built a fort at the
head of Matagorda Bay. In 1689 the
Spaniards found this settlement com
pletely destroyed. When the American
filibusters began to pour Into Texas
there were only three centers of Span
ish population between the Sabine River
and the Rio Grande San Antonio, Gol
iad and Nacogdoches. San Antonio was
the capital of Texas during nearly the
whole period of Spanish and Mexican
rule, and it . became the scene of the
most desperate fighting in jthe cam
paigns of 1S35 and 1836t including the
defense of the Alamo, which Mr. Gar
rison deems the most dramatic episode
in American history. It was surely
dramatic, but no more so than any des
perate battle in which It is known that
the besieged may expect no quarter.
Custer's men, who fought in the open
till the last man was slain, against an
overpowering force of hostile Indians,
would have made just as good a fight
as the-men of the Alamo If they had
found themselves cooped up In a fort
by an overpowering force of merciless
Mexicans. When no quarter Is expect
ed, men always make a desperate fight,
whether it be against a barbarous In
dian or Spanish-Mexican foe.
When Anglo-Americans first entered
Texas Is not precisely known. The first
recorded Anglo-American entry Is No
lan's expedition, which took place In
1799-1801. The members of this expedi
tion were all killed or captured. In 1812
a band of Americans, led by Magee, an
ex-officer of the American Army, in
vaded Texas and captured San Antonio,
but in July, 1813, they were beaten In a
desperate battle with Mexican soldiers,
and only a part of them escaped to
Louisiana.
Then James Long, an ex-officer of the
American Army, Invaded Texas in 1819,
and with his companions established at
Nacogdoches a provisional government
and declared Texas, an Independent re
public. This was the last of the fili
bustering expeditions, for the triumph
of the revolutionary movement in Mex
ico against Spain made It possible to
enter Texas peaceably. The peaceful
Anglo-American colonization of Texas
was begun by Stephen F. Austin, who
conducted a party of settlers to the
Lower Brazos In December, 1821. One of
the provisions of the land grant ob
tained from the Mexican government
stipulated that the colonists should fur
nlsh evidence that they were Roman
Catholics or should become such. These
settlers seem to have given up for a
time their Protestant practices and to
have accepted the ministrations of an
Irish priest at marriages, christenings,
etc. In 1820 the white population of
Texas was estimated at only 4000, but
so many Anglo-American Immigrants
flowed in that by 1830 the number of
white Inhabitants was computed at 20,
000. When Santa Ana In 1835 assumed
autocratic power in Mexico, Texas alone
held out against this overthrow of the
constitution established by the people
of Mexico In 1824.
The new Anglo-American Republic of
Texas was brought Into existence by. a
convention that met Marh 1, 1836, at
the town of Washington, on, the Brazos,
This convention published a declaration
of independence and framed a constitu
tlon which was In many of its features
copied from the Constitution of the
United States. This constitution was
proslavery, because the great major
ity of the colonists were from the
slaveholding states, and many of them
had brought their slaves with them, but
the African slave trade or the Introduc
tlon of negroes from any country save
the United States was prohibited and
declared piracy. Mr. Garrison is con
vlnced by his historical investigations
that there is no foundation for the old
time view that the colonization of Texas
was deliberately planned by slavehold
ers In order to expand the slaveholding
area.
The defeat and capture of Santa Ana
at San Jacinto, April 2L 1836, secured
the independence of Texas. The anni
versary of the battle was long the spe
clal holiday of the Texans, but of late
years Independence day, March 2, Is
gradually becoming the chief red-letter
day of Texas.- The Independence of
Texas was recognized by the United
States In 1837, by France In 1839, by
Holland and Belgium In 1840, and by
Great Britain in 1842. Texas did not
need the assistance of the United States
to maintain her Independence; its re
conquest by Mexico was out of the.
question, for Texas was quite capable
.of self-defense.
This Anglo-American colonization of
Texas successfully achieved about what
Burr probably intended to accomplish
he was a brilliant filibuster by Intent
not a traitor. The founders of the
Texan Republic Included a number of re
markable men of heroic performances
and romantic antecedents, Houston and
Crockett, had both been distinguished
for courage and constancy under Gen
eral Jackson In his campaign against
the Creek Indians. Houston, dlsap
pointed In conjugal love, resigned the
Governorship of Tennessee, joined the
Cherokee Indians and led a degraded
drunken life for several years, but he
suddenly cast aside his Indian garb
and Indian vices, and, going to. Texas,
became Its military hero and savior.
J Crockett was killed at the Alanio. The:
there was Thomas J. Rusk and James
H. Reagan, who were notable men in
the history of Texas before her inde
pendence was fully assured. The story
of Texas Is well named "A Contest of
Civilizations." The French were -the
first to settle Itfthe Spaniards quickly
succeeded the futile settlement of La
Salle; then came the Anglo-Americans,
who brought with them energy, intel
ligence, and progress, and because they
did the dld-tlme Province of Texas has
become an empire, and the old-time
Empire of Mexico has dwindled to a
province.
For 379 years the reigning pope has
been ah Italian, though the Sacred Col
lege Is not limited by law or regulation
to any nationality. The cardinals are
not bound to choose one of their own
body. A layman, even a married man.
may be lawfully elected. There can be
no Intervention by any state In the elec
tion. Austria, France and Spain, In
modern times, have been allowed to'
exclude any single candidate, provided
they give notice of their objection be
fore the election Is made, but this Ima
mere concession, not a right Charles
Astor Brlsted, of Lenox, Mass., a mem
ber of the pope's household, who has re
sided many years In Rome, Is now In
this country. He says that It Is an un
written law that none save an Italian
shall fill the place o'f the pontiff. Ger
many would support an Italian rather
than a Frenchman for the exalted of
fice. Emperor William of Germany
would throw his Influence for an Ital
lan. A French pope might disturb the
pleasant relations of the Vatican and
Germany. A' German pope was out of
the question;-therefore the new pope
would be an Italian.
David M. Parry, of Indianapolis,
president of the National Manufac
turers' Association, Is after "social
brigands," otherwise known as walking
delegates, hot foot He charges organ
Ized labor, through them, with laying
claims to the rights of sovereignty that
have not often been exercised by the
most despotic governments, and de
clares that the entire contention Is for
the purpose of 'compelling the country
to -acknowledge that labor unions pos
sess, first, the right to say that no man
shall work without their consent, and,
second, that no Industry shall be oper
ated without their consent President
Parry supported these statements by
citing a number of strikes. His position
Is a strong one, and his words are bold
ly uttered. It becomes the reasonable
and reasoning men who are high In the
councils of labor to ask themselves and
each other whether or not the points
In his Indictment are well taken, to the
end that, If true, a restraining hand
may be laid upon the agitators and ir-
responslbles who pose as the friends of
the laboring man only In the end to
work him evil.
Of the thirteen convicts who oyerpow
ered the guards and made good their
escape from Folsom prison Monday
morning, all but one were doing time
for robbery or burglary. . All were in
carcerated for long terms, and two for
life. The latter were also "third-term
ers," which means that they are pro
fessional thieves, and only await -occasion,
as developed by the resistance
of their victims, to become murderers
as well. Desperate men, alL of them,
the safety of a wide community depends
upon their recapture-04 death. Califor
nia justice, notably slow, will scarcely
halt in its duty In regard to any of
these criminals who may again be haled
before the courts. And since murder
has already been added to the other
crimes of some of them, it may be .that
some too long deferred executions will
follow. Catjching comes first, however,
and Ihe public can only hope that It
will come soon 'without the sacrifice of
the lives of good men.
It will devolve upon Reliance to hold
America's cup against the third attempt
of the plucky Sir Thomas Llpton to
carry it back across the Atlantic. Loyal
Americans have full confidence in her
ability to do this, but If she should be
outsailed they will accept the result
gracefully, glad. If the cup must be re
linquished, that so game a sportsman
-as Sir Thomas carries it away. In tha
meantime let us shout for Reliance and
confidently expect victory, and thus be
sure of such pleasure as waits upon an
ticipation. Over in Colorado they are going to
form a new party out of the left-overs
from the various reform organizations
of the past dozen years or so. The mot
ley aggregation has not yet been chris
tened. No qld hack name will do, for
any one of these would be fatal to the
organization In its early Infancy, and
the country would thereby miss the pe
riodical return of the new party circus,
with its grand company of performing
clowns clothed with wild theories as
with a garment.
The "thought-lt-was-a-deer" man Is
again abroad In Southern Oregon, gun
In hand. Unfortunately," he Is a good
marksman, and Dr. Cooper, of Curry
County, Is dead in consequence. The
idiocy that induces a hunter to shoot
at a moving object In the bushes can
only be diagnosed as mental aberration
accompanying "buck fever." Like any
other idiot, such, a man cannot be held
responsible before the law for his act
The spectacle "of negroes fleeing from
Illinois to the South for protection is
one that discredits history and shames
the state that holds the dust of the
Great Emancipator.
International Geography.
) London Times,
received from our New York
correspondent ihe text of a. telegram sent
by the King on Thursday to President
Roosevelt:
"July 9. 1903. To tho President of the
United States of America: I have the
pleasure of entertaining Captain Cotton
and the captains of his squadron, and
have Just proposed your health with every
feeling of cordiality and friendship.
"EDWARD R. AND I."
Our correspondent adds that the mes
sage reached-PfesIdent Roosevelt at Oys
ter Bay, In South Florida, where he is
making a short stay.
South Florida Mercury.
Wo have received from our North Sur
rey correspondent the text of a telegram
sent by the President to King Edward:
"Oyster Bay, South Florida, July 21, 1903.
To the King of Great Britain and Ireland,
St James Palace, near Spring Gardens:
I have the pleasure of wishing you Joy
on your Irish trip. The best of my regi
ment were Irishmen. I have Just done
myself the honor to drink your health in
Lipton's Irish. Reciprocating your
friendly expressions.
"THEO. O'ROOSEVELT, President"
Our correspondent adds that the mes
sage was' delivered to His Majesty at
jaonn-on-iica, county os.erry, wnere ne
Is spending a few days.
"OUR DEBT TO RUSSIA." '
Letter In. New York Tribune.
The very remarkable letter, which you
print this morning from' an Englishman,
signing himself James Hall, requires a
reply. Argument seemingly .would bo
useless, so I offer him the comfort of the
following facts:
McCarthy says ("History of Our Own
Times," VoL II, pp. 224-223): "The vast
majority of what are called the governing
classes were on the side of the South.
London club life was virtually all South
ern. The most powerful papers in Lon
don, jmd the most popular papers as well,
were'opeii partisans of the Southern Con
federacy."
Edward A. Freeman, the eminent his
torian, shortly after the breaking out of
the' war published a famous volume,
whose title page Is as follows: "History
of Federal Government from the Founda
tion of the Achaian League to tho Dis
ruption of the United States." Among the
list of federal governments Is "The
United States, A. D. 177S-1S62."
Sir Edward Bulwer Lytton said in an
address before the Agricultural Society of
Hertford Coupty, September 25, 1S61: "I
venture 10 preaict mat tne younger men
here will live to see, not two, but at least
four separate and sovereign common
wealths arising out of those populations
which a year ago united their legislation
under one President and carried their
merchandise under one Hag. I believe that
such separation will bo attended with
happy results to the safety of Europe and
tho development of American civiliza
tion." The Earl of Shrewsbury said in his
Worcester speech, 1S61: "I see In America
the trial of democracy and Its failure. I
believe- that tho dissolution of the Union Is
inevitable, and that men now before roe
will live to see an aristocracy established
In America."
Tho Rt Hon. William E. Gladstone, in
a speech at Edinburgh In January, 1S62,
said: "The Federal government can never
succeed In putting down the Rebellion.
If it should. It would only be th preface
and Introduction of political difficulties
far greater than the war Itself."
Again at Newcastle, October 9, 1862. ho.
said that Jefferson Davis had made an.
army, had made a navy, and, more than
that had made a nation."
Lord John Russell said in his speech
at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 1S61: "The
struggle Is on the one side for empire,
and on the other for power."
A writer in "The Westminster Review"
(Vol. XXi; p. 212) has this to say: 'With
out nicely balancing the virtues of tho
contending parties, they (Englishmen)
cannot help believing that moderation,
justice and national honor will find ample
development In a divided republic."
Now, aa to Russia: John Blgelow has
already said, in a similar connection, that
It is not the fashion of diplomacy to
trumpet Its deeds from the housetop. But
this much Is certain: Shortly after the
seizure of Mason and SHdell, fleets of
Russian war vessels appeared simultane
ously in New York' and San FranclScd
harbors, and remained In them for
months. The Russian Admiral, in a call
upon Admiral Farragut at the Astor
House, replying to a question as to why
he was spending: tho winter idly in Amer
ican waters, said: "I am here under
sealed orders, to be broken only In a con
tlngency which his not yet occurred.'
He said also that the Russian CommanU
er In San Francisco was under similar or
ders, And, further, that they were under
orders to break the seals If, while they
remained here, the United States became
Involved In a war with any foreign na
tion. In an unofficial call upon the Russian
Chancellor at St Petersburg at this time.
to a prominent American was shown the
Czar's order to his Admiral to report to
the President of the United State's for
duty in case the Northern States became
involved in a war with England. (See
"Life of Thurlow Weed.i' Vol. II, pp. 316
347.) C. A. H.
New York, July 20. 1903..
. - .- "
One View of the Secrctarr of State.
Chicago Inter Ocean.
An incident of life In the National capi
tal on Tuesday will further explain, If
further explanation be necessary, why
President Roosevelt prefers Oyster Bay
to Washlnuton in Summer.
John H. Hamilton, a farmer from Silver
Sorlnsr. Md.. had driven a load of hay Into
Washington and was reclining on the seat
of his wacon under tho glare 01 tne at
tcrnoon sun when a thin thread of smoke
curled above his head. In a few moments
the load of hay was ablaze. Hamilton to
save himself had to jump over the dash
board. The fire department was called
out and the fire was put out only after a
strenuous effort. Tho dispatches say that
the hay was ignited by the extreme heat
of the sun.
While Incidents of a similar character
are not uncommon to Pasadena, Tampa
and St Louis, as well as in the National
caDltal. nothing of the kind could possl
blv happen In Oyster Bay, for the reason
that precaution is taken there to prevent
anything unusual or startling, anu par
ticularly anything in the nature of spon
taneous combustion.
There is probably no safer place In the
country, as the President, has doubtless
discovered, for a load of Hay. '
Direct Election of Senators.
Baltimore Sun.
The creat reason why the people desire
the popular election of Senators Is that
the United States Senate Is no longer
amenable to public sentiment Tho Sena
tors represent politicians and political
machines rather than the people. They
are thus made Independent of the people
and find It perfectly safe to defy the
public will. There Is another objection to
the present method, and that is that the
Senatorial elections interfere witn tne le
gltlmatc work of the Legislatures, con
suming time which should belong to law
making. It also has a bad effect upon the
personnel of Legislatures. Men arc elect
ed to the General Assembly frequently
with regard only for their vote for Sena
tor and -with no regard for their fitness
as lawmakers, and it has almost come to
pass that the constitutional plan has been
reversed, namely, that the Senator ap
points the Legislature rather than that
the Legislature appoints tne benator,
The Ungrrntcfnl Chinese.
Springfield Republican.
The Chlneso arc such curious people
Their newspapers In China are reported
to be bitterly Incensed over the regula
tions Issued by tho United States Govern
ment controlling the admission of Chi
ncse visitors to the St Louis world's fair
and of those Chinese who will take part
In the show. They have the temerity to
resent such requirements as the $500 bond
on each one wbo comes over to help make
the fair a success, the photographic Iden
tlficatlon scheme, the police supervision
and tho prompt expulsion from the coun
try of the whole delegation as soon as
the exposition ends. After John Barrett's
eloaucnt pleadings with the Chinese gov
crnment to make an exhibit and encour
age the people to send their best these
critics really seem to have expected that
those countrymen who honored us with
a - visit would be hospitably received,
Well, John, you have yet to learn the
possibilities of a "white man's country.'
That's all an American can say.
"Poor Bryan!
Detroit Free Press.
It Is really pathetic to see a man who
possessed the possibilities of real leader
shin: who showed at one time marked de
votion to moral Ideals, even though those
Ideals were wrong; whose sympathies
were strong and In the main correct even
though he lacked the intellectual force
to Kovern them when such a man surren
ders himself unconditionally to his per
sonal prejudices, and his private hatreds
and attempts to use a great political party
merely to avenge fancied wrongs to his
own dignity and ambition, it Is a specta
cle that nobody can view with IndhTcr-
X ence.
OUR SNAKES BEAT THE WORLD
Chicago Inter Ocean.
The two-headed snake discovered in Cal
ifornia, and evidently brought to that
coast. from South America by a trading
vessel, will not divert serious attention
from our more familiar and versatile
home-grown snakes. Even though this
snake can back up as well as move for
ward. It obviously cannot hope to enter
Into the more active life of the native
snake, even with two heads.
It is impossible to conceive of any two
headed snake from South America, for
example, active enough to take part in
the warfare between snakes and harvest
hands in Adams County, Pennsylvania.
"Thrice," telegraphs a correspondent In
great haste, "have the harvesters been
driven off by the reptiles, which literally
swarm through the wheat, and not only
sting the workmen, but clog the harvest
ing machinery. Harvesting is not only
slow, but extremely dangerous. Jake
White, who is an expert shot, stood on a
thrashing machine the other day, anA
in 15 minutes killed 25 rattlesnakes. This
has suggested the Idea of calling out the
local militia company to kill the snakes."
Snakes near Iron Springs, Pa., have in
terfered with work on a railway line since
the workmen have taken to killing rattle
snakes ' and copperheads on wagers.
Thirty, snakes were killed by one grader
the other day. Other scores were 2S, 21, 16
and 8, the low figure having been contrib
uted by a water boy, whose duties pre
vented him from freely entering into tno
contest
Uncle John" Castner, who lives near
Blalrstown, Pa., and who is accounted
the champion rattlesnake-killer, has just
captured the largest rattler of the season
five and a half feet In length while D.
H. Koch, at New Ringgold, recently killed
a snake with 19 rattles, and presumably
2L years old. At Tamaqua. Pa., snakes
have been entering the kitchens of the
residents, and one family cat at Dallas
Green worsted a snake after a "fierce
fight"
How, In view of such native snakes, can
one regard a two-headed snake as any
thing more than a mere curiosity? Tho
California story is commonplace. The
snakes that Jake White shoots, that Uncle
John Castner captures, and with which
the housecat battles are the snakes the
people want to know about What is the
use of a two-headed snake, anyhow out
side of Pennsylvania?
An Isolated Colony.
London Times.
In January Tristan d'Acunha was vis
ited by H. M. S. Thrush, and Lieutenant
Watts-Jones and Surgeon Lobb, of that
vessel, drew up a report on the Island
which was forwarded by the admiralty to
the Colonial Office, to be laid beforo the
Secretary of State on March 26. The pop
ulation, says this report, now consists of
6 persons, divided Into 17 families or
households. All but four of the Inhabi
tants were born In the Island, two pf tho
exceptions being Italians, who are de
scribed as being probably the best educat
ed persons there. There have been no mar
riages in the Island for three years. The
Islanders, though sun-burned, are de
scribed as being practically "white." The
men are hardy, but not of fine physique
"the women are decidedly finer specimens
than the men; their features are regular,
pleasing and of somewhat Semitis type,
The children are clean, fat, healthy and
well cared for, and surprisingly well clad.'
There Is no definite sign of mental or
physical deterioration arising specifically
from the system of Intermarriage. The
people generally, say tne ofneers, wero
very anxious about the education of their
children, and the difficulties attending
this seemed largely responsible for the
views they expressed on the subject of
leaving the island. Their staple food Is
potatoes, milk, beef, mutton and poultry
produce, and of these there Is an ample
supply, but for anything beyond the in
naoitants are entirely dependent upon
passing snips. Rats, which prevent the
growing of any grain, are the curse of
tho. Island. Fish 1 are plentiful, but the-JsLoo lim contractor "admitted' having
landers are chiefly a farming community.
It is pointed out that the island might
in the future have a alue, should a largo
carrying trade be established between
South America and the Cape, as an Inter
mediate station for wireless telegraphy;
but tills and the occasional assistance
given to shipwrecked people seem tho
only Imaginable reasons for occupylnjr It.
The great majority of the people said they
would like to quit tne Island if they could
reallbe or receive compensation for leav
ing their stock behind them.
Sir. Itoosevelt and the Unions.
, Chicago Chronicle.
President Roosevelt Is to "re commended
for his action In ordering the restoration
of a nonunion worklngman to the em
ployment In the Government printing of
flce, from which. In spite of the civil ser
vice law, he was removed In obedience
to the demands of organized labor.
It Is to bo hoped, and the Chronicle
believes, that the President will stand his
ground In this matter, even to tho point
of inviting a Btrike, If need be.
The Government printing offlce Is the
largest and the most recklessly managed
printing establishment In the world. It
supplies every day In the year a more
convincing . argument against National
and state ownership than Is to be found
even In the wastefully conducted Post
office Department
A strike In the public printing office
would give a courageous man in the Pres
idency an opportunity to wipe out one of
the most scandalous abuses now existing
by authority of government
Mr. Roosevelt Is that sort of a man,
and If the nabobs of organized labor who
maintain headquarters in the public print
ing office do not care for a fight to a
finish, they wlll'do well to drop the pres
ent controversy right where they are.
The Picket Gnnrd.
Ethelln . Eliot Beers.
"All quiet along: the Potomac," they say,
"Except now and then a stray picket
Is shot, as ho walks on his beat, to and fro.
By a rifleman hid in the thicket.
'TIs nothing; a private or two, now and then.
Will not count In the news of the battle;
Not an officer lost only one of the men.
Moaning- out, all alone, the death rattle."
All quiet alons tho Potomac tonight.
Where the soldiers lie peacefully dreaming;
Their tents In the rays of the clear Autumn
moon,
Or the light of the watch fires, are gleaming.
A tremulous algb, as the gentle night wind
Through theforest leaves softly is creeping;
While stars up above, with 4helr glittering,
eyes,
Keep- guard for the army ts sleeping.
There's only tho sound of tho lone sentry's
tread
As he tramps from the rock to the fountain.
And. he thinks of the two In the low trundle
bed.
Far away In the cot on the mountain.
His musket falls slack; his face, dark and
grim.
Grows gentle with memories tender.
As he mutters a prayer for the children asleep
For their mother may heaven defend her!
The moon seems to shine Just as brightly as
then.
That night when the love yet unspoken
Leaped up to his lips when low, murmured
vows
Were pledged to be ever unbroken:
Then drawing his sleeve roughly over his eyes,
Ho dashes oft tears that are welling.
And gathers his run closer up to Its place,.
As if to. keep down the heart swelling.
He' passes the fountain, the blasted pine tree
The footstep Is lagging and weary;
Yet onward he goes, through the broad belt of
light.
Toward the shades of the forest so dreary.
Hark! was it the night wind that rustled tho
leaves?
Was it moonlight so wondrously flashing?
It looked like a rifle: "Ha! Mary, good-byl"
And the life blood is ebbing and splashing.
All quiet along the Potomac tonight
No sound save the rush of the river:
While soft falls the dew on the face of the
dead
k The picket's oft duty forever..
NOTE AND COMMENT!
Looks a. little like Snow.
Tracy may be dead, but his, example
lives. . , '
Does "the" mean "that"? Just hear a
woman talk of "the . Smith girl" and or
that Brown creature" and you'll -stake
your life It doesn't
Nome Is in Seattle, according to the
Pittsburg ChronlcIe-TeIegrap"h; .which tells
of the burning of a Nome lodging-house
under the caption, "Seattle Hotel De
stroyed by Fire."
The isles of safety, placed In the' center
of some New York streets where the
traffic was densest, have beep removed.
Tho isles of joy. the Isles of joy,
"Where timid hayseeds weot and6 clung.
Were but a street commission's toy.
And on th6 wastepile have been flung.
What cares New York If Reubens die?
It means for undertakers pic.
Merrill Is credibly reported to be alive.
Booth, of course. Is not by any means a
dead' one. Andre, it is well known, lias
been running a faro bank in Boston since
the Revolution. Washington Is said to
bo the proprietor of a ferry over the Del
aware. Noah was recently seen at To
peka, and Adam Is supposed to be manu
facturing aprons In California.
All this kindly worry over Lipton's deter
mination to act as judge in a beauty con
test Is unnecessary- Tho fato of Paris
has been held up as a warning to the man
who has rushed in whero Supreme Court
Justices might well fear to tread. As If
Paris counted. Ho wasn't even of Irish
descent, let alone a son of the soli. Had
Lipton been In the youngster's place ho
would have lost the apple, and made each
of the contestants believo she was bis
unalterable choice.
ipoOOjOOO Reward.
A reward of $300,000 will be paid by tho
Gritsand Company for the conviction of
any person 'spreading a report that Grit
sand contains any traces of wheat A
similar reward will be paid for the con
viction of any person spreading tho re
port that Gritsand is drugged with, as
phalt Gritsand, as Its name implies, Is:a pure
food composed solely of the finest grit
and sand, held together with sterilized
glueine.
Mothers, boys fed Gritsand are full o
grit and sand.
AH Been There Before.
What is a Mazama to do?
Not a feat that's unique
On an Oregon peak
Remains for Mazamas to do.
What can a Mazama now do?
Not a mountain to climb
For the very first time,- 5
Not a virginal summit in view.
What Is a Mazama to do?
Coming back from a trip
To the very top tip.
Believing it's thoroughly new
What is a Mazama to do,
When a gray pioneer,
With a quizzical jeer.
Says he climbed it In '62?
It makes the Mazama men groan;
And, between you and me.
All tho hope they can see
Is In building a mount of their own.
Fairies In Texas.
Colonel Clem, quartermaster in Texas.
fnunri n hnr nf Hsmrs nn his 1vl- tcJUi
sent the cigars, but said that he knew
nothing about the money.
Happy the life of a quartermaster
Down in tho State of Texas,
Dealing with princes of bricks and plas
ter,
Easy to make his exes.
Boxes of smokes he finds on his table,.
Useful In any contingency.
Richer than any you read of in fable.
Putting &xi end to his stringency.
Laundry comes back with blllsof all sizes,
Bills packed away in pajamas;
Life to a soldier Is full of surprises.
Beating the Bowery dramas.
Fairies must flourish and rule it In Texas,
Holding an endless corroboree;
Contractors, pure souls, It surprises and.
vexes,
Hinting of such things as Jobbery.
A Senatorial Sailor.
Half a dozen Government vessels are
being used by junketing parties In tha
East
Senator Podunk, tenth aide to the Elev
enth Assistant Deputy Under-Secretary
of the Kalamazoo Navy-Yard, sings:
Sing ho, yo ho, for a wind that's free.
And a yacht that foots the. billow;
A life on the deep Is the life for me,
With the bounding tide as a pillow.
Sing ho, yo ho that's all I know
From the nautical dictlon-ary
Blow high, blow low, old Sam has dough
And an excellent commis-sary.
So oh, yo ho, for a yacht that's free.
And a government foots the bill, oh,
A life on tho cheap is the life for me,
And the people tied for a pillow.
It's oh, yo ho, this yacht is mine,
And that is as It oughter,
For pickling pork, of course, In brine
I'm posted on salt water.
And then, yo ho. I'm aid the tenth
To the' Under-Secre-tary,
And so my cruise at any' length
As may suit my own vagary. . ,
Yo ho, oh yo, It's not so slow
To live as a legislator;
And to teach what's what a Government
yacht
I3 an excellent edu-cator.
Then oh, yo ho.for a yacht that's free,
Arid a government foots the bill, oh,
A life on the cheap Is the life for me,
With the people tied for a pillow.
PLEASANTRIES OF PAIUCIUPHBRS
Edna What a graceful swimmer Stella 1st
Lillian Well, seven seasonsrin the social swim
may make us good swimmers, too. Chelsea
(Mass.) Gazette.
"I wish to marry your daughter," said the
young man. The old man was a sensible old
man. "Can I support you In the style to which
you have been accustomed?" he asked. Puck.
"So you expect your new dress home today,
do you?" asked Air. Suburba. "Oh, no," re
plied Mrs. Suburba; "I said the dressmaker
promised it to me today." Cincinnati Commercial-Tribune.
Mrs. Newllwed I don't see why you ask 20
cents a quarter peck for your stritfg- beans.
The other man only asked 15. Huckster-?-Well,
ma'am, yer see, these beans of mine are
all hand-picked. Philadelphia Press.
Boy (who has spent sixpence upon a knife for
his father's birthday present) Look, father,
nere Is a knife I have Bought you, all with my
own money". Father Thanks, my boy, It's
very good of you. Boy But, you know, yqu
ought to give me something for It. else it
unlucky. Father How much? Boy Oh, about
three-an'-sJx-pence. Punch.
In the Intorest of Sleep. "What did you
mean by telling those new neighbors that they
needn't buy a lawnmower, as you will alway
be glad to lend them ours?" asked Mrs. B1&
glns. "That's pne of my best ideas." an
swered her husband. "No one Is going ta have
the bland assurance to come around at a
o'clock la the morning to borrow & lawn
soower." Washington Star,