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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 20, 1902)
12 THE MORNING- OREUONIAN, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 20, 1902. LINCOLN CONSPIRACY AND ITS CONSPIRATORS sr BY SAMUEL BLAND ARNOLD, WHO VAS IMPRISONED AT DRY TORTUGAS. Daring the first year and ahalf the Dry Tortugas was anything hut a paradise. There did not pass a day hut men could be seen tied up by their thumbs, x between the sky and the earth, until the Joints of their . thumbs were nearly pulledsfrom their" sockets; come carried to the -Gulf Stream, bound In cords and nearly drowned, and others tied up in the guard house and lashed upon their naked backs. Many of these cruelties were inflicted because the victims had followed the ex ample set by some of the officers in charge of them and had dared to become intoxicated. There was another mode of punishment applied in many Instances. Men were what they termed'nalled to the cross or spread eagle fashion, and others were tied with their hands behind them to swinging limbs, the tips of their toes bare ly touching the earth. If these same cruelties were practiced in other portions of the Army to the same extent as was done at Dry Tortugas the cause of so many desertions from the service could easily be discerned. Had the soldiers at that post the facilities of deserting there would have been but few of the, command left to do garrison duty. Many left in small boats, to make their -way from the scenes of torture, across 200 miles of sea, preferring to risk their lives upon the deep than to remain, dally dunned to death by such brutal measures enforced there. These particular cases I will hereafter refer to, it being my desire, as far as possible, to relate each thing In order, as far- as memory can recall. A short time after Colonel Grenfell's removal to other quarters a case of. small pox broke out upon the island. The pa tient, instead of being placed In a remote corner of the fort, there being many un occupied casemates available at the time, where the disease would, not endanger others, was brought and placed midway between our quarters and those of Colonel GrenfelL We came in contact with it daily as we- passed to and from our la bor. Colonel Grenfell receiving the full benefit therefrom upon each puff of wind that passed. "We failed to become inocu lated with the loathsome disease, how ever. Finding the patient still remaining in close proximity to each of our quarters, Colonel Grenfell obtained a large black board and upon it in large letters In scribed "Smallpox Hospital," directing all persons on the island to shun it. This drew the attention of the ofiicers, to gether with the murmurings heard all over the island, and the patient was re moved to another portion of the fort. The action of the authorities in this af fair was so pointed that not only our selves, but each man upon the island, firmly believed that it was done lor the express purpose of inoculating us with this fearful and loathsome malady. Joke Kot Appreciated. Colonel Grenfell was severely repri manded for his action and sternly com manded to take in the board and to be very careful in his actions In the future. He was not in the least Intimidated, but strictly garnered the actions of the offi cers at the fort, recording them In a diary, which he kept during his imprison ment, and which, I learned, is now in the possession of Captain MacElrath, Com pany L. Fifth United States Artillery. At this period sustenance was horrible and of the most disgusting nature. "We sus tained ourselves from our own resources. It was a Godsend that we possessed it. otherwise starvation would have stared us in the face. Colonel Grenfell's quarters were papered over its woodwork front inwardly with his daily rations of bread and meat, a nail having been placed through It to fasten it to the wall. Soldiers were loudly com plaining about their rations and the qual ity issued. Often when guarding us the? requested something to eat, stating that they were nearly starved; that they -were robbed of their rations, etc. Many a one's hunger was relieved by us from our own scant supply, through which we gained their friendliness in some Instances, but, as a general thing, they were kind, and sympathized with us in our misfortunes, and would have per mitted us to have escaped If in doing so they would not have been compromised In the matter. They complained bitterly of the distribution of the company fund, stating that the benefit therefrom was not received by them, but used by the company officers themselves. This was the general complaint among them all i during the first two years of our incar ceration. I make no assertion myself or J accusation in this matter, as I am en tirely ignorant upon the subject, and J j give but the statements of others in this special instance. I Recralt Were Maltreated. Never -were a lot of recruits worse mal- treated. They were beaten, bruised and I maimed by the harsh treatment and pun ishment awarded. Inhumanity seemed to be the ruling element, and barbarity and injustice the only thoughts of those in power, our rulers. Sunday morning would always find 20 or 30 .packing balls at the guardhouse in the boiling sun until some of them, exhausted and overcome by the heat, would fall in an almost lifeless con dition and lie there, no notice being taken of them until after the fact had been re-. ported to the officer of the day, when they would be picked up and conveyed to the hospital for medical treatment. A French Canadian died about a month after his arrival, superinduced from the cruelties practiced upon him by the first Bergeant of his company, receiving knocks on the head, body and limbs from the butt-end of the musket, used until nature gave way, and he was consigned to a pre mature grave on the adjacent island of Key "West. The man who perpetrated this piece of cruelty was afterward, through examination, made a lieutenant in the United States Army. This was not the only instance of his cruelty, as every soldier who was in the company can tes tify. He misused, with but few excep tions, every man in the company. A private soldier of his company by the name of Street came into the hospital one morning while I was there, with the blood streaming down his neck from a wound Inflicted at the hands of this sergeant during drill. I saw the man myself, and received my information directly from him. I cannot remember the names of the many so ill-treated, but they were numerous. In one instance he struck one of the soldiers of his company over the fingers with his saber, nearly severing them from the hand. Often was I shown, also, by roommates, deep and black bruises on their bodies. Alleged. Inhumanity. Another instance of heartless Inhuman ity was perpetrated upon a soldier in Company D, Fifth Artillery, by name of Christian Conrad, a German. Conrad had been afflicted with fits, and suffering so much therefrom that he was unable to perform his duties in his company. He was placed in the hospital. While there his condition grew rapidly worse, the lower portions of his body becoming near ly useless to him, it being with the ut most difficulty that he could drag one foot after the other. The doctor In charge stated that this was mere pretense, and that he would bring him around to duty. He was dis charged from the hospital; placed in the guardhouse and ordered to carry a .24 pound log, which was done under the most excruciating pain, as the man trem bled like an aspen all over from the ex ertion required to execute the Imposed task, his limbs being dragged along al most devoid of life or action. During the performance of this task, a cruelty un surpassed, his frame was violently con torted with repeated fits, the command given being that no spldler should inter fere or offer any assistance, in the pre tended spells, and he was left writhing in hie agony without any helping hand being permitted to reach forth to relieve his suf ferings. For a week he remained In the guard house, attacked repeatedly with these fits. Buckets of water were ordered to bo thrown over him when under this influ ence, and his condition grew worse and worse. He was again removed to the hos pital, where he remained until some time in November, 186,when he was discharged from the service of the United States. He was borne upon a stretcher to a steam er lying at the wharf, a helpless man, un able to stand up or move his lower limbs. He frequently expressed the opinion that the doctor was trying to kill him, and whenever the physician made his appear ance in his ward his entire frame shook with fright and horror. Severe Arraignment. Harshness began to increase in manner, both to the soldiers and prisoners. Drunk enness ran riot on the Island. There was not a day passed but that officers could be seen reeling under its influence as they staggered down the walk leading from their barracks to the sally-port of the fort. Gaze where you would, the eye would come in contact with some of them, inebriated, a disgrace and dishonor to the service of the country which they repre sented. Liquor was obtained from every boar that entered the harbor, and if the supply became exhausted before the arrival of a boat again inroads were made upon the hospital supplies, so that, when needed in case of sickness, the supply was exhaust ed. I state this not upon mere hearsay; I have -witnessed all these things myself; have seen orders sent to the hospital for the liquor; have seen the orderly as he re turned bearing the bottles; have un wrapped the covering and read the label, "Splrltus Frumentl," and have seen the peculiar bottle containing the fluid upon the officers' table. But with this I have naught to do. If the Government permits its officers to live under the Influence of liquor and advances supplies for such purposes, we, the people, have no right to complain, but must sup port It, From the barbarous treatment daily received from the officers from under the influence of intoxicating draughts, many of the soldiers began to contem plate desertion. Many succeeded in their efforts, until it became necessary to re strict them from going to Key West upon passes. Passes of every description con sequently were rescinded, and soldiers be came as much confined on the island as prisoners. . One of the most heartless acts witnessed in this age of civilization happened on the occasion when the paymaster had arrived at the fort to pay off the troops. It was a counterpart of the Middle Ages in cru elty and barbarity. The prisoners were engaged in unloading a vessel moored at the wharf, containing commissary and Quartermaster stores for the post. Dur ing the work the prisoners, whose duty It was to unload vessels on arrival, in dulged freely In spirituous liquors, in company with soldiers who had charge of them. A prisoner by the name of James Dunn became beastly intoxicated, in com pany with two of the soldiers who were acting as provost guards. Tied Up to Bell Pout. The occurrence was reported to the offi cer of the day, when he gave orders to the Sergeant of the guard to place him on the ring to carry a ball, but, finding he was too drunk to comply with the order, he ordered him to be tied up. Accordingly he" was tied to the bell post erected In front of the guardhouse, by his wrists. it being about 11 o'clock in the morning. On returning to my quarters for dinner Dunn was still tied up to the post, re maining there until my return to the office, about- 2 o'clock in the afternoon. I returned to my quarters about 5:30 P. M. and found Dunn transferred from the bell post and tied up by his thunbs to the iron bars or railing Immediately beneath our quarters. He was in drunken Insen sibility, swinging to and fro, bound around by a small rope, his legs stretched out wardly, the whole weight of his body resting upon his thumbs. The ends of .the thumbs were fearfully swollen and puffed out,- navlng the appear ance of a mortified piece of flesh. His head was drooping backward, the burning rays of the sun striking him full in the face, and the face, red, blue and In some parts nearly black, the veins in the neck swollen and extended like cords, there being practically no circulation of blood. I viewed him hanging In this condition until after 5 o'clock. Commander Interfered. There is no telling how long he would have remained In this position, had -not Major-General Hill, commanding, hap pened to pass that way, and,, seeing this ntcra nf 'harhnroiiR prupltv inflicted linnn an insensible being, immediately directed the Sertreant to take him down and nlor-A "him in the guardhouse. He commanded tnat in future no man, while in a drunken condition, be punished Jn like manner. In stead or undoing the cords from his thumbs they were cutuwav and TJunn fAii heavily upon the ground, not even awak ening from the deep stupor as his head came In contact with the hard ground. He was tnen dragged bodily into the guard house, where he remained until retreat. t xne omcer or rne day came down to In spect the sruard. and. lnoltlnp- grmmii failed to find Dunn. Inquiring of the Ser geant wnere ne was, ne was told he was In the guardhouse. The officer ordered that he be taken out and martn tn nam, ball and lift, the Sergeant to execute his order. Dunn, was brought out, and from the tortures already practiced upon him, was unable to clasp the ball. It constantly slipping from his grasp. He essayed to balance it upon his shoulders, to comply with the orders, in his Intoxicated condi tion. In his endeavor to do so he fell twice, once the 42-pound cannon-ball fall ing directly upon his chest as be fell back ward, and again as he plunged forward, the weight of the ball giving impetus to his fall, he. horribly mutilated the entire left side of his face as it plowed through the coral sands. The Sergeant, to execute the" orders re ceived, strapped the ball upon his back in a knapsack, but Dunn, staggering here and there, caused the material to give way, which again, when relieved from the weight upon his back, caused him to fall forward upon his face. At this point the" officer arrived, and, seeing the man's lac erated face, ordered him back to the guardhouse, there to remain until S o'clock, then to be taken out and made to carry the ball. This scene was witnessed by many persons on the island and tho entire crew of the steamer which was lying at the wharf. A Short Respite. All of the excitement attending the affair had. died away and quiet prevailed throughout the fort, except loud peals of laughter from the officers' quarters tell ing in unmistakable terms of the revelry which existed there. The poor torturtd drunken victim, with his lacerated hands and face, was temporarily forgotten, but the time was again approaching when they would again place their victim on the rack. Eight o'clock was pointed by the hands of the clock, and Dunn, to the minute, was led from the guardhouse to renew his task and take hla punishment. There were .others confined in the guardhouse, all of whom were brought forth and ordered to pick up a ball and carry it. Armed guards were stationed over them to enforce the order, they being authorized to bayonet them in case the orders given were not strictly complied with. The severity of the punishment already inflicted upon Dunn made it a physical im possibility for him to conform ' to the Orders Eriven. !Rlfl hnnflts vara imoMo t perform their 'office. Repeatedly he grasped me uau uiiiy tor me nanas unconsciously to relax their hold, letCing "the ball fall to the earth. When, after repeated efforts, he found it Impossible to obey the com mands given, the sentinel threatening him with the point of the bayonet If he still persisted in not complying with the orders, in piteous cries he appealed from one to the other, saying to the sergeant that, could he, he would willingly carry the ball as ordered. "Sergeant," he said, "I am willing to Carry the ball. God knows 'the truth of what I say, but I cannot do it. If you do not believe me, come, oh, come, look at my bleeding liande." It was an iron heart to whom he ap pealed. There was one answer: "You must carry the ball. Sentinel, if he refuses to carry it pbey your orders received and run him through with your bayonet" Conld Not Hold Bali. To prevent this he again tried to carry the ball, but to no avail. Tho ball fell from his grasp, and as it dropped to the earth he fell with it, crying out: "Sentinel, I cannot carry the balL Perform your duty bayonet and kill me." The sentinel endeavored In various ways to cause compliance, and failing to move him in the matter, repeatedly pricked him with the baypnet. Finding Dunn did not move from its touch, the. sentinel called upon the sergeant of the guard. Corda were again brought Into requisition, and in the roughest manner twisted and bound around his bleeding hands, wrists and thumbs. In the midst of his cries of agony, which reached every portion of the fort, his appeals for mercy could be heard. Useless his pleadings, tilB prayers, his cries, as the form to which he appealed possessed a heart aa hard and callous as stone, which had become more hardened through frequentMmbibings by him during the day. There was a gentleman residing with Tils family upon the Island, in charge of the lighthouse, whose family was disturbed by the piercing cries of the tortured man as he screamed out in his agony. He was forced to call upon 'the officer of the day to ask that other measures be adopted 'in the manner of punishment. The officer sent forthwith for the sergeant, who re ceived orders and returned to his guard. In a few moments Dunn was removed from the close nroxlmlty of Captain Henry Benmer's lighthouse, and retleQ to a pair of steps by his hand and wrists, ms piercing shrieks during the operation fill ing every space. Cries "Were Smothered. Tot smother these cries he was taken down, gagged with a bayonet and hur riedly hoisted, up again. His smothered tones could now alone be heard as he hung suspended between heaven and earth. For the most part of the, night he hung in this manner in an almost lifeless condition. Next morning at guard mount, while seat ed on the steps of the guardhouse, I re quested that he would allow me to see his hands. I found them swollen and lacer ated In many places, having a gangrene appearance, and perfectly helpless, not being able to move them in any partic ular. From the guardhouse he was taken to the hospital, placed under medical treat ment, whero he remained during the period of his confinement, some three or four months. It was decided at one time that; it would become necessary to. resort to amputation of one of hie hands, but, through careful attention paid "to him, he finally recovered sustaining the loss of nearly the entire use of his left hand. Colonel George St. Ledger Grenfell made Tiote of the tortures to Dunn, and in a communication to a friend of his residing in Richmond. Va., gave a truthful and graphic description of the inhuman punish ment which, was being inflicted upon ootn soldiers and prisoners. His friend, deeming that the country should be Informed, sent the article to a New York newspaper for publication, and In the month of Novem ber it appeared in print. By chance one of the officers attached to the garrison had been sent North In charge of four pris oners from South Carolina, and in over looking the dally paper his eye came In, contact with the article. The officer returned to the fort before the malls had been received. at the post, bearing with him the paper -containing the article, which he presented to Brigadier General B. H. Hill, commanding. That it was startling" news to them proved Itself in the rigid search that was made csf the effects of the prisoners. Suspicion cen tered Itself upon Colonel Grenfell as Its author, and his quarters and his papers were carefully searched, when In a diary kept by1 him was found a copy of the ar tide sought after. For the heinous offense of publishing to" the world the brutal tyranny existing upon the island he was removed from his quar ters and placed within a dungeon in soli tary confinement, where he was denied pen, paper or ink, reading matter of every description and all intercourse and com munication with everyone at the fort. Small openings which had been left in the construction of the fort for ventilation were tightly boarded up and closed by or ders from the commandant. His quarters were visited frequently during the day by tho officer of the guard, who caused the person of the Colonel to be carefully searched to prevent the secreting of paper, etc. Truth had awakened them and startled them from their seeming security when finding that the cruelties practiced had been exposed to the country, and they be came very careful that It should not again happen. Colonel Grenfell from this time out became the object of all their atten tion, ho being kept closely confined and guarded from, the 15th of November, 1SS6 until September, 1S67, in the miserable celi allotted , to him. suffering intensely from the heat and other ailments arising from ; his Ill-ventilated quartern Trouble Begins Again. Feeling secure, now that the object of their solicitude had been placed beyond the power to do more harm, as they sup posed, the cruelties depicted in his pub lished article were again enacted. Private Gosner, of Company D, a mere boy was cruelly maltreated, his body being cov ered with bruises received at tho har. of a noncommissioned officer of his com pany. I saw this myself, he havinc- on to my quarters. He disrobed himself to show his bruised person to me. Duffy, another member of his company passed through the same ordeal; in fact these Instances were so numerous that it would be impossible to give a full account of them. Suffice it to say they were of dally occurrence, and inflicted by the com- ",aUB ameers wno were-more or less under the influence of liquor. The press of the country soon cried out against these practiced cruelties and de manded that an Investigation of the mat ter should forthwith be made. In the meantime General B. H. Hill, command ing, wrote a denial In toto of the entire article and forwarded the same to the Adjutant-General, United States Army assigning many untruths as to the cause which led to its publication by Grenfell In a very short time after the War De partment had been communicated with an officer was sent from General Sheridan's 'department and ordered fo proceed to Fort Jefferson, Fla. General Hill was absent at the time on leave at Havana, a subaltern officer being in command. The Investigation was a farce. Parties desiring to lay complaint were denied speech with the officer, and others were fearful of opening their Hps for fear of after-consequences. They had become slaves to their tyrant rulers and trembled at their approach. The officers had a picnic over the matter, indulging in frequent draughts from the Old Brown Jug, and in this manner were their cruel acts smoothed over and for the time being hushed . up. Other Side of Affair. Lieutenant had lately assumed" command of Company Major . having been placed on detached service nnd branded the entire article as a lie' as will be seen by the following article published by him in a Philadelphia paner of-date July 7. 1S67; Rebel Slanders Aboat Fort Jefferson. "I desire to make a statement through your columns relative to some reports which have been goinsr the rounds, of the .newspapers In the North. An abstract of a letter purporting to have been written from this post was published In New York, containing false and scandalous accounts of the treatment of prisoners by the officers here. The author of this letter,, itj is ascertained, Is one G. St. -Iieger Grenfell,, and Englishman, and an' ex-Rebel officer who is now confined at hard labor for life for infamous crimes. rAfter exhausting every means of procuring his release, this man seems to have hit upon the plan of endeavoring to excite public opinion In the Nor,th and also in England by having pub lished in such papers as were willing to lend themselves to the. transaction the statement referred toln hopes that more active measures would, be adopted by hls( friends " in the latter . country and else where to effect his release. "This man has been treated with marked kindness by all of the officers here, and, by orders of General Hill, a very pleasant and easy duty was assigned him, and greater limits were allowed. him than any other prisoner, ay some means he secured a j medium of corresponding secretly, and an examination of his papers shows that he has forwarded similar falsehoods to var ious places, and that the letter published in New York wad sent through Bradley Johnson, of Richmond, Va. Formal Investigation. "An. Investigation Into the subject was made a few days ago by a member of Gen eral Sheridan's staff, and full reports have also been forwarded to the War Depart ment by General Hill, which, I suppose, will be made public In due time, it de manded by -the Interest of the service. In relation to this subject I will say further that I am In no way concerned in anv of the allegations contained in the letter pub- llehed, and can therefore speak and write iwctjf uu me auujecy i. recently joinca me command of, and assumed command of, Company , Fifth Artillery, on October 1, or thereabouts. "Several of the cruelties referred to in that letter and said to have occurred in that company. I have called upon the ser geant and men of my company and ques tioned the .men reported to have been thus maltreated in a public manner, and now unhesitatingly pronounce the whole state ment to be falso upon the evidence of the parties most vitally concerned. "Similar Investigations have been made by other officers, the result of which tends to show the entire statement, as pub lished, is what it is characterized in the communication of this letter scandalous and false In the greatest degree. "I am, gentlemen, truly, "Your obedient servant, "Second Lieutenant Fifth U. S. Artillery. Arnold Says "False." Never was a more base falsehood bla zoned to the world than that contained in the above communication. His expres sions are similar in purport to those writ ten by the commanding officer to the War Department, proving that concert of ac tion had been agreed upon between them. Grenfell, it Is true, had not been punished in the inhuman manner cited In his ar ticle published; he referred to others than himself, and, as written by him, was correct, far worse than depicted. His ef forts in the matter were, alone to break up these heartless acts of cruelty and barbarity, which dally were being prac ticed upon the Island, feeling that con tinuation of them might revert upon his own shoulders, as none knew what a day would bring forth, as every officer seemed to be Invested with unlimited authority, practicing every kind of, cruelty the mind could conceive of. It Is natural that brother officers would uphold one another, as the acts of one re flected upon the whole, but doubly the dishonor when ho stoops to deception and debasing falsehood. I speak, of nothing herein but that can. be substantiated by intelligent and respectable witnesses, if living at the present day, and pronounce that Grenfell's statement, with but few exceptions, was truthful in its whole tenor, notwithstanding all that has been said by General Hlil and others. Its truth could be seen in all parts of the island. Punishments heretofore practiced were abolished, ball-carrying and tying men up by the thumbs were strictly prohibited, and for a few months the island, which had existed as a hell, assumed brighter appearances. The heavy cannon balls were removed from the guardhouse, leav- lng only a 24-pound shot to b carried by offenders against military rules, and or ders were Issued from headquarters di recting that no man be punished except on orders directly from the commanding officer. Orders Were "Violated. These orders were daily violated by the company commanders. Private soldiers, Instead of being sent to the guardhouse, as formerly, were taken back of the bar racks, beyond the observation of the com manding officer, and punished with the usual severity. When it became appar ent that the effect of the article published by Grenfell had died out tiey gradually Increased the punishment, restoring in many instances to the inhuman practice of throwing men Into the sea. Drunken men were frequently wheeled to the wharf in a barrow and submerged beneath the water and almosjfsuffocatcd. v There was a prisoner by the name of Brown, who had been suffering from sick ness for some time, and on the morning in question had gone to the doctor's call, and by him had been excused from labor during the day. Contrary to custom, he was ordered out to work byMhe Provost Marshal. He stated his case, that he was excused; in fact, that he was so weak that he could not labor, when to cure him of his ailment he was ordered to carry a 42 pound shot. He did as commanded for some time, until overcome by the sun and his affliction, when he dropped the ball and refused to carry it longer. Forthwith he was bound around the feet, his arms being tied behind him, and he was con ducted to the sea and submerged beneath the waves. The officer In charge repeatedly asked him, when his head was brought above the surface, if he could carry the ball. The man, from swallowing so much salt water, was unable, no matter how much he desired to do so, to give him the re quired answer when he was submerged again. Finally, when nearly drowned, he was raised from the water to the wharf, where he remained until sufficiently re stored to speak, and, finding it was death by drowning if he refused to obey the order, he acquiesced to the demands, and in his 111 condition, his entire clothing sat urated with salt water, plodded, more dead than alive, around the ring with tot tering footsteps, carrying the ball until sunset. Then in his wet clothing he was thrust within the guardhouse, to remain during the night, without bed or covering of any kind. A Peculiar Happening. . Some time afterwards quite a number qf colored prisoners were released by orders from the War Department, many of -whom had been waiting upon the officers at headquarters as cooks, waiters, etc. It seems' as If a theft had been committed, In the shape of clothing, money, pistols, etc., by some. of them, and before being allowed to leave the Island, which was perfectly just, their baggage was searched. Some of the missing articles were found In their possession, and they were clossly questioned by tho officers relative to the other articles, but of nb avail. Innocent and guilty alike were marched to the wharf, with General Hill to view the sport, occupying a, prominent position on the stern of the schooner Matchless, moored at the wharf. Bound up In cords, with their hands, as usual, tied behind them, 1 they were cast Into the sea. As they were pushed off the wharf Into the sea their cries filled the air, to be suddenly quenched as their bodies sank beneath the waves. .This was repeated several times, when they were reconducted Into the fort. General Hill seemed, to enjoy the scene wonderfully, his wjible frame being con vulsed with laughter. After being con ducted Into the fort a consultation was held among the ojueers, when one of the prisoners, named James, of Baltimore, from the evidence, being deemed Innocent, was released and ordered to his duties at headquarters. Finally all but one were released, a colored man from Louisiana, who was taken Into the guardhouse, his clothing stripped down from his shoulders and back and given 29 lashe3 upon thr back, laid on well. -by .the enlisted men o tho guard. (Copyright, 1802, Baltimore American.) TO. JELL OF DAYS OF '57 JUDGE 1 . M'BRIDE WILL, ADDRESS HISTORICAL SOCIETY. ' ' At the Annual 31eetlnsr He Will qivc . " an Account o'f Oregon's Conatl . tntlonal Convention. Judge John. R. McBride' yesterday was looking oyer the files of The Oregonlan of 1S57. They contained accounts of Oregon's Constitutional Convention. These records took him back 45 years and released a flood of entertaining recollections. Today the Judge will make an address on this convention before, the Oregon His torical Society. The society will hold its annual meeting, beginning at 2 P. M., on the third floor of the City Hall. Old offi cers will submit reports, and new officers will be elected. The present officers are: H. W. Scott, president; C. B. Bellinger, vice-president; F. 4G. Young, secretary; Charles E. Ladd, treasurer. Judge McBride is a pioneer of 184S. Ho was the youngest member of the Oregon Constitutional Convention, and was a Representative to Congress from this state in 1S63-5. He was the first Republican after Senator Baker that Oregon sent to Washinptnn fh rnniHhitinnai r?rmvn tlon had CO members, nine of whom are now living James K. Kelly, of Washing ton, D. C.; William H. Packwood. of Sumpter; H. B. Nichols, of Monroe, Ben ton County; Judge R. P. Boise, of Salem; W. A. Starkweather, of Mllwaukie; L. F. Grover, George H. Williams and R. V. Short, of Portland. Every living member except Judge McBride and- R. V. Short is past 75 years of age. "This speaks well for Oregon clfmate," said a pioneer yesterday. "The fact is that Oregon has more old people to its population than any other state in the Union. All the surviving members of the convention have been active throughout their lives." Yesterday Assistant Secretary" Himes, of the Historical Society, telephoned to Mr. Packwood, who Is in Sumpter. "Mr. Pack wood asked to be remembered at the meeting," said Mr. Himes. "He sent re grets that he was unable to be present. The distance to Sumpter is 390 miles. Forty-five years have certainly brought Improvements." The Constitutional Convention organized August 17, 1S57, at Salem, and adjourned September 18. Matthew P. Deady was elected president, and Chester N. Terry secretary. The following were delegates: Benton County John Kelsay, Haman C Lewis, Henry B. Nichols, William Matz ger. Clackamas County James K. Kelly, Asa Lawrence Lovejoy, William A. Stark weather, Hector Campbell, Nathaniel Rob bins. Clatsop County Cyrus Olney. Columbia County John W. Watts. Coos County Perry B. Marple. Curry County William H. Packwood. Douglas County Matthew P. Deady, Solomon Fitzhugh, Stephen F. Chadwlck,' Thomas Whltted. Jackson County L, J. C. Duncan, John H. Reed, Daniel Newcomb, P. P. Prim. Josephine County L. B. Hendershott. W. H. Watklns. .Linn County Delazon Smith, Luther tilklns, Reuben S. Coyle, John T. Crooks, JameB Shields, J. H. Brattain. Lane County Paul Brattain, I. R. Moores, A. J. Campbell, Jesse Cox W. W. Bristow, U. Hoult. Marion County L. F. Grover, George H. Williams, Davis Shannon, Nicholas Shrum, Joseph Cox, .Richard Miller, John C. Peebles. Multnomah County S. J. McCormlck, W. H. Farrar, David Logan. Multnomah and Washington Counties Thomas J. Dryer. Polk County R. P. -Boise, Benjamin F. Burch, F. Waymlre. Polk and Tillamook Counties A. D. Babcock. Uropqua County Jesse Applegate, Levi Scott. Washington County E. D. Shattuck, John S. White, Levi Anderson. Wasco County C. R. Meigs. Yamhill County J. R. McBride, R. V. Short, R. C. Kinney, W. Olds. In November, 1857, the constitution was ratified by popular vote. The act of Con gress admitting Oregon into the Union was affirmed .February 14, 1859, and on that day the constitution went Into effect. About one-third of the constitutional del egates were Republicans and indepen dents, and the rest were Democrats. The vote by which Oregon ordered the framing of a constitution was 7209 In favor, and 1616 against. At that time Oregon had just emerged from local politics and had entered upon the politics of the Nation. Already it was aligning itself on the Issues which brought on the Civil War. The Whig party had fallen into innocuous desuetude. Opposition to the Democratic party survived the disintegration of the Whig party and had arrayed itself under various names. That opposition now had crystallized under the name' of Republican party. Three years later that party car ried the state. In 1857 the Republican organization was perfected, but it was not strong enough In all the counties to make nominations. The headquarters of the growing Republican power was Southern Oregon.- Ju'dge McBride will explain all these po Itlcal relations in his address today. No CroNK-Exnmlnntlon Dcalred. Chicago Inter-Ocean. These sworn statements of employes of John Markle were not questioned by the attorneys for Mr. Markle. No attempt "was made to cross-examine the witnesses. No foundation was laid for their refuta tion. They were permitted to go upon tne rccora ana Deiore me American peo- i pie os absolutely true. "When we contrast I the pictures, drawn by Henry Coll and j Kate Burns, of the conditions under which men and women employed by John Markle had to live, we seem to see the cause of the anarchy in the anthracite regions of which Mr. Markle complained, and to be able to place the responsibility for that condition. No further comment upon these two pictures seems necessary. To look upon them Is enough to enable any thinking American to form his own conclusions and to put the responsibility for the coal strike where It belongs. "W. J. Splllman, astrologlst for the United States Department of Agriculture, Is preparing a map of the United States made of plants, to' be. exhibited at the St. Louis Exposition. DRBURKlTARfSWONDERFUL OFFER, i 30 Cays' TRi Dr. Burkhart's Vegetable Compound has won the unanimous verdict of being the universal remedy. It cures Sleeplessness, Stiffness In the Limbs, Want of Appetite, Headache, Dizzi ness, Pimples, Blotches, Catarrh. Tired Feeling in tho Morning. Palpitation of the Heart, Rheu matism, etc. 10 days' trial free. All Druggists. DH. W. S. BURKHART, Cincinnati, O. Promotes the growth of tho hair and gives it the lustro and sllklness of youth. When tho hair la gray or laded It BRINGS DACK THE YOUTHFUL COLOR. It prevents Dandruff and hair falling and keeps the scalp clean and healthy. Kadway's Ready KeUef.ls&curerorvery patm. iMtbache. Head acne, neuralgia, rbeuaiatlsak i Balsasw ; " A Place for Every thing arid Everything in its Place " "A, grandsire phrase" in Shakespearean parlance, but worthy to be the motto of any household. That is why the GORHAM Co. Silversmiths has designed an abso lutely novel chest for the bestowal of house hold silverware. Never before has an oppor tunity been afforded for . "packing away so miich household sil verware in so small a space. ah responsible jewelers keep It its Secret The choicest of select grain and thorough maturing is the secret of the purity, the perfection and tho excellence of Hunter Baltimore 5 Rye 5 it is the only one of its kind and S nothing like it. $ It is particularly recommended to women because of its age and ex cellence. ROTH CHILD BEOS Portland. Ore. DANDRUFF CAUSED BY A GERM. A. Xew Discovery That Kills the Germ and Prevents Baldness. Pretty nearly all. the hair preparations for dandruff have seme merit- In allaying itching of the scalp, and In being- a fairly good dressing- for the hair, but there Is only one that recognises what causes dandruff, falling hair and baldness, and that destroys the cause, a little germ and that Is Newbro'y Herplcide. This germ eats its way. into the scalp, down to the hair root, where it saps that vital ity, causing dandruff as It digs up the scalp Into little white scales. Unless It Is destroyed there's no permanent stopping of falling hair and cure of dandruff and baldness. Newbro's Herplcide kills the germ. "Destroy the cause, you remove the effect." For sale by all druggists. Send 10 cents .In stamps for sample to The Herplcide Co., Detroit. Mich. I CURED BT WHITE RIBBON REMEDY No taste. No odor. Can be given in glass of water, tea, or coffeo without patient's knowl edge. "White Ribbon Remedy will cure or destroy the diseased appetite for alcoholic stimulanta, whether the patient Is a confirmed Inebriate, a "tippler." pocial drinker or drunkard. Impos sible for any one to have an appetite for alco holic liquors after using "White Ribbon Rem edy. Indorsed by Members of W. C. T. U. Mrs. A. Mi Townsend. Secretary of the Wom an's Christian. Temperance Union. Boston, Mass., writes: "I have tested White Ribbon Remedy on very obstinate drunkards, and the cures havfr been many. In many cases the Remedy was given secretly. I cheerfully rec ommend and indorse White Ribbon Remedy. Members of our Union are delighted to find a practical and economical .treatment to aid us In our temperance work." For sale by druggists or by mall, $1 per box. Trial packags free by writing. MRS. T. 3. MOORE CO.. State Supt. of Press. W. C. T. U., Ventura. Cal. Sold In Portland. Or., by Woodard. Clarke & Co.. Fourth and Washington streets. M I MADE STRONG I illn-itin- i lcsi vuaiuj nssiorea Urr DR. LOBB'S DAMIANA TABLETS MAKES MANLY MEN LOST VITALITY i NERVOUS DEBILITY 1 VITAL WEAKNESS IMl'OTENCY 5 ; Recommended and used by the leading Pby slclans and Sanitariums of the world. v Makes Old Mn Young, Yung Men tronQ. Prie 50 cents a box. or 5 boxes for S3 00. FBEE A trial nWklim enil Tl-r Tjhh'a to. I mouB book for men only by addressing .OB. tQBB 320 N. 15th S'reet For Sale by EYSSBLIS PHAR3IACY, U27 Morrison t., Between 1st. Jfc 2nd. PORTLAND, OitEGOX. Those suflerlnc from ireakneauea which aap the pleabures of life should take a dollar bottle ot Juven Pills. One bottle will UU 68 a story of marvelous results and create profound w.onder. This, medicine has more rejuvenating, vitalizing force than has ever been offered. Bent by mall In plain pack age only on receipt of this "ad" and $1. Made by Its originators. C. I- Hood Co.. pro prietors .Hofld'a 3arsanarllla. Lowell. Masa. BLt G IS a non-Doisonu'ui i remedy for Gouorrbcea.. ' Gleet, tipcrmatOrrhico. Whites, unnatural di charres, or any baflamma iPmrjt caaMetaa. Hon. or mucous roeur THEEwNSChMKWICo. bflhws. Mon-sstrlncent br exult nrtn&id. fbf ILttSs'bottK 72.74 i Circular an xasafifii. I uwuar M...oa XH I ii I wiHifi'1 i iwi'iii'i'i'MMiSiaaiifflssi 5 raxwn iCJMKWE Cgise mi 1 XX 1 Tv OURESI THE: PALATIAL mm Bin JV'otNU darlc office In the bnlldlnsi absolutely fireproof; electric lishts and artesian vrnter; perfect aanlta tion and thorough, ventilation. Ele vators run day and night. Rooms. AINSLEE, DR. GEORGE. Physician... 413-414 ANDERSON. GUST A V, Attorney-at-Law..012 ASSOCIATED PRESS; E. L. Powell. Mgr-.SUO AU5TEN. P C. Manager for Oregon and Washington Bankers' Life Association of Des Moines. Ia 502-M3 BAKER. G. EVERT, Attorney-at-Law COT BANKERS' LIFE ASSOCIATION OF DES MOINES. IA. ; F. C. Austen. Mgr 502-503 BENJAMIN, R. W.. Dentist 3U BERNARD, G.. Cashier Pacific Mercantile Co 21X BINSWANGER, OTTO S Physician and Surgeon 407-403 BROCK, WILBUR F.. Circulator Orego nlan 501 BROWN, MYRA. M. D 313-314 BRUERE. DR. G. E.. Physician. ..412-413-414, CAMPBELL. WM. M.. Medical Referee Equitable Life TOO CANNING, M. J ..G02-G03 CARDWELL. DR. J. R.. Dentist 50 CAUKIN, G. E., District Agent Travelers Insurance Company 713 CHICAGO ARTIFICIAL LIMB CO.; W. T. Dickson. Manager 601 CHURCHILL. MRS. E. J 71C-717 COFFEY, DR. R. C. Surgeon 405-40S COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY 604-005-000-013-614-015 CORNELIUS. C W.. Pbys.. and Surgeon. ..200 COLLIER, P. F., Publisher; S. P. McGulre, Manager 415 COX, RALSTON, Manager American Guar anty Co., of Chicago 502 CROW, C, P.. Timber and Mines 515 DAY. J. G. & I. N 313 DICKSON. DR. J. F.. Physician 713-714 EDITORIAL ROOMS Eighth Floor EVENING TELEGRAM 325 Alder Street EQUITABLE LIFE ASSURANCE SO CIETY; L. Samuel. Mgr.; G. S. Smith. Cashier ..30S FENTON. J. D.. Physician and Surg. ...503-10 FENTON. DIt. HICKS C. Eye and Ear....5ll FENTON. MATTHEW F. Dentist 503 GALVAXI. W. H.. Engineer and Draughts man COO GEARY, DR. E. P., Phys. and Surgeon.... 40(1 GIESY, A. J.. Physician and Surgeon. .709-710 GILBERT, DR. J. ALLEN. Physician... 401-402 GOLDMAN. WILLIAM, Manager Manhat tan Life Ins. Co., of New York 209-210 GRANT. FRANK S.. Attorney-: I-Law CX7 GRISWOLD & PHEGLEY. Talurs 131 Sixth Street HAMMAM BATHS. Turkish and Russian.. SUU-301-302 HAMMOND. A. B...; ....310 HOLLISTER. DR. O. C. . Phyaiclaa .and Surgeon ..I .. .?5U4-505 IDLEMAN, C. M.. Attorney-at-Law..41t!-I7-ia JEFFREYS. DR. AN NICE F.. Phys. and Surgeon Women and Children only 10O JOHNSON, W. C... 315-316-317 KADY, MARK T., Supervisor of Agent3. Mutual Reserve Life Ins. Co 605 L1TTLEFIELD, H. R... Phys. and Surg 'Mii MACKAY. DR. A. E., Phys. and Surg.711-712 MANHATTAN LIFE INSURANCE CO. OF NEW YORK: W. Goldman. Mgr 209-210 MARSH, DR. R. J., Phys. and Surg....404-40tt McCOY, NEWTON, Attorney-at-Law 715 McELROY. DR. J. O., Phys. & Sur.701-702-703 McFADEN. MISS IDA E.. Stenographer. . .201 McGINN. HENRY" E.. Attorney-at-Law..311-13 McGUIRE. S. P.. Manager P. F. Collier. Publisher 415 McKENZIE. DR. P. L., Phya. and Surg..512-13 METT. HENRY 218 MILLER. DR. HERBERT C, Dentist and Oral Surgeon 608-000 MOSSMAN, DR. E. P.. D.entlst 513-514 MUTUAL RESERVE LIFE INS. CO.; Mark T. Kady, Supervisor of Agenta..604-005 NICHOLAS. HORACE B., Attorrvey-at-Law.7la NILES, M. M., Cashier Manhattan Life Insurance Company of New York... 209 NOTTAGE. DR. G. H.. Dentist ..600 OLSEN. J. F., General Manager Paclflc Mercantile Co 211-212-213 OREGON CAMERA CLUB 214-215-210-217 OREGON INFIRMARY OF OSTEOPATHY 409-410 OREGONIAN BARBER SHOP; Marsch St George. Proprietors 129 Sixth Street OREGONIaN EDUCATIONAL BUREAU; J. F. Strauhal. Manager .- 200 PACIFIC MERCANTILE CO.; J. F. Olsen, General Manager 211-212 PORTLAND EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY ., Ground Floor, 133 Sixth Street QUIMBY. L. P. W.. Game and Forestry Warden 713 REED. C. J.. Executive Special Agent Man hattan Life Ins. Co. of New Yor 200 REED, WALTER. Optician. ..133 Sixth Street R1CKEN BACH, DR. J. F., Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat j 701-703 ROSEN DALE, O. M., Metallurgist and Mining Engineer. 510 RYAN. J. B.. Attorney-at-Law 515 SAMUEL. L., Manager Equitable Life 30S SHERWOOD, J. W., State Commander K. O. T. M 517 SMITH, DR. L. B., Osteopath 409-410 SMITH. GEORGE S.. Cashier Equitable L:fe ..... 308 STOLTE., DR CHAS. E.. Dentist 704-705 STOW, F. II.. General Manager Columbia Telephone Co 60S SURGEON OF THE S. P. RY. AND N. P. TERMINAL CO 706 SUPERINTENDENT'S OFFICE 201 THRALL. S. A., President Oregon Camera Club 214 TUCKER, DR. GEO. F.. Dentist 610-611 U. S. LIGHTHOUSE ENGINEERS. 13TH DIST.; Capt. W. C. Langfltt. Corps of Engineers. U. S. A. 803 U. S. ENGINEER OFFICE RIVER AND HAltBOK IMPROVEMENTS; Captain W. C. Langntt, Corps of Engineers, U. S. A. .810 VESTER. A.. Suecial Agent Manhattan Life 209 WILEY, DR. JAMES O. C. Phys. & Sur.708-9 WILSON.- DR. EDWARD N., Physician and Surgeon 304-305 WILSON, DR. GEO. F.. Phys. & Surg.706-707 WILSON. DR. HOLT C. Phys. & Surg. 507-508 WILLAMETTE VALLEY TELE. CO 613 WOOD. DR. W. L., Physician 412-413-414 Offices may be had by applying to the apcrintendent of the building, room 201, aecond lloor. N NO CURE HO PAY OS THE MODERN APPLIANCE. A positive way to perfect manhood. The VACUUM TREATMENT cures you without medicine of all nervous or diseases of the generative or gans, such aa lost manhood, exhaustive drains, varicocele, impotency, etc. Men are quickly re stored t perfect health and strength. Write for circular. Correspondence confidential. THE HEALTH APPLIANCE CO.. rooms 47-43 Safe Deposit building. Seattle. Wash. Blood Poison Is the worst disease on earth, yet the easiest to cure WHEN YOU KNOW WHAT TO DO. Many have pimples, spots on the skin, aorta la the mouth, ulcers, falling hair, bone paina. ca- tarrn, aon t Know it is sluuu fuiso.n. send wrw oxw vou svrcn di.. j-anaaeipnia, Pr, f0r, ROW,S BLOOD CURE. boUIe- one month. For sate oaly ij rsia Kau; Pwtlaad Kottl Pharmacy