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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 24, 1902)
THE . MQBKINQ. OEEGONIAN, .FRIDAY, OCTQBEB 24, 1902. Entered at tha'Postomco at Portland. Oregon. , . as second-class matter. REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. ' By Ms.ll (postage prepaid.' In advance) Sally, with Sunday, per month r.$ gs pally. Sunday excepted, per year ' 52 Ually. with Sunday, per year 52 Sunday, per year.... , 2 00 The Weekly, per year - 50 The Wceky. 3 months 50 ETo city Subscribers . ,, ally, per week, delivered. Sunday excepted.lBc ally, per week, delivered. Sunday lncluded.208 POSTAGE RATES. United States. Canada and Mexico: 10 to 14-page paper JC M to 28-page pancr Zc Foreign rates double. News or discussion Intended for publication In Tlie Oregonlan should be addressed Invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan," not to the name of any Individual. Letters relating to adver tising, subscriptions or to any business matter should be addressed simply "Tho Oregonlan." Eastern Business Ofllee. 43, 44, 45. 47. 48, 40 Tribune building. New Tork City: 510-11-12 Tilbune building. Chicago; the S. C. Beckwlth Special Agency. Eastern representative. For sale In San Francis- X,. E. Lee. Pal fcce Hotel news stand: Goldsmith Bros.. 233 Sutter street: F. TV. Pitts, 1O0S Market street: J. IC Cooper Co.. 74G Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Foster & Oiear. Ferry news stand; Frank Scott. SO Ellis street, and N. Whcatley. &Z Mission street. For sale in Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner. 250 South Spring street, and Oliver & Haines. 305 South Spring street. For sale In Kansas City. Mo., by Rtcksecker Cigar Co.. Ninth and Walnut streets. For sale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co.. 217 Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald. 53 Washington street. For sale In Omaha by Barkalow Bros.. 1612 Farnam street: Megeath Stationery ' Co.. 1308 Farnam street. For sale In Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co.. 77 West Second South street. For sale in Minneapolis by R. G. Hearscy & Co.. 24 Third street South. For sale in Washington. D. C, by the Ebbett House news stand. For sale In Denver. Colo.. b,y Hamilton & Kendrick. 90C-012 Seventeenth street; Louthan Jackson Book & Stationery Co.. Fifteenth and Lawrcnco street; A. Series. Sixteenth and Curtis streets. TODAY'S WEATHER Occasional rain; cool er; brisk southeast winds. ' TESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem perature, C5; minimum temperature, 51; pre cipitation, 0.03 inch. PORTLAND, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 24. "PROTECTION" OF VICE. A dispatch from Boise says that the gambling-houses have been raided by the police, because public opinion had become restive under the activity those establishments began to display under cover of a friendly understanding with the police authorities. This is just what is likely to happen anywhere under the so-called license system. When this sort of industry Is so handled by the police as to give .it a status of perma nence, safety and semi-respectability, the creation of a hostile public senti ment against it Is- only a question of time. There is Just one thing that society will never consent to, and that is the recognition of vice as a "business." It la the darling hope of the gambler and the courteran to get a standing in the community as the proprietors of an occupation with rights the public Is bound to respect. We are human be ings, they say; we want to be treated like others. This is our vocation, to which we have given our study and our earnings, and we don't want to be harassed like common criminals. We want to be able to speak as business men to business men. We don't want to-ride In the patrol wagon.- We don't wantto be persecuted. All we ask Is fair 'treatment We are willing. to do andto pay what is fair and just, and then we feel that we have the right to expect Immunity from personal Indig ' nity and from confiscation of our earn ings and our property. All of which is vain. No such situa tion is possible. The world of honest men and virtuous women can never be brought into acquiescence with an ar rangement that puts these predatory occupations on a level with legitimate production of wealth or satisfaction of demands for Innocent pleasures. Be tween the heaven of home and the he of the half-world there is a great gulf fixed; and even those who essay to cross from the happier to the lower realn-. with cooling drops of kindness and sympathy incur grave dangers. Lucky interests more properly their care, and even contamination and derision from those they seek to help. It is a matter of recent and demon strable experience that official regula tion and protection of vice builds up a powerful opposition to itself in the ranks of the law-abiding. The process Is natural and measurably the same everywhere. The protected gambler and prostitute begin to lift their heads. Their new freedom begets arrogance and ostentation that excite hostility from the law-abiding. The same offi cials that were wont to levy blackmail for protection now sell or bestow for political influence or friendship many other favors. The number of houses is regulated; so are the amounts of fines, the recurring periods, the hours of clos ing, the extent to which victims are re dressed.. These things are apt to" go by favoritism or corruption, just as under the Tammany system of blackmail. Protection and recognition soon be come an abuse, which produces public Jipstility and brings raids and molesta tion. It is this way at Boise. It was this way in Portland two years ago. It is expected by competent observers to be this way ere long in Seattle -and other placeg now employing the so called license system. A public graft is better than the private graft. But It is developing under experience that tHe public graft does not insure against the perpetuation of the private graft, and there Is Increasing Indisposition to re gard the private graft as the only al ternative to the public graft. There Is an increasing disposition to try what merit there Is in honest and not pre tended suppression, and there is an In creasing indisposition to supply the deficit created by inadequate taxation by earnings of discreditable occupa tions. Nothing is clearer than the transfor mation of public sentiment toward im morality, not only in Portland, but all over the country. It is obvious to all except to -those who never wander out side the realm of the abandoned and dissolute. Nothing has done so mucu toward this uplift of the general mopd tone as the presence of Theodore Roose velt in the Presidential chair. The pro found Influence exerted by a man of such known righteousness of public and private life is signified in the remark made by a good woman of Portland: "I never wanted my boy to choose a political career, as it all seems so cor rupt; but when I see ,a really good man like Roosevelt in such high place, and Judge Williams at the head of our city government, I feel that public life, after all, may have room for a good man." The price of an honest man is above rubles, and his Influence for good ex tends to the farthest bounds of the uni verse. It sets the people to reflecting upon the true greatness of men and of nations. . It discovers over again the great world of high endeavor and high thinking, where our great men and wqmen lived, and where the palfry ar guments and specious reasoning of our "wide-open'' advocates can never be regarded except with loathing and con tempt These pitiful pleas would 111 comport with the lessons drawn for our boys from the lives of Washington and Lincoln. In almost every home there is a framed group, showing the portraits of Bryant, Longfellow, Whlttier, Holmes,' Lowell and Emerson. It is well to look upon their faces occasion ally and reflect that of this immortal galaxy of America's greatest writers and thinkers not one would have stooped to a dishonorable act. not one would have been found advocating the recognition of vice as a business. , It is a dangerous thing for the public con science to put away these high ideals of thought and conduct for the baser theories of the bar-rooms and the slums. EXPERT TESTIMONY. R. B. Molineux, who is on trial for murder in New York City, is the son of General Molineux. who was a very gal lant soldier, winning great distinction at the head of his brigade under Sheri dan at Winchester and Cedar Creek. General Molineux is a man of large wealth and Influence, and his son, who is accused of the murder of Mrs. Ad ams, is a man of education and high social environment. He Is an accom plished manufacturing chemist. Mrs. Adama died of poison taken from a silver bottle addressed to her friend, Harry Cornish, who innocently gave her a dose of what purported to be a harm less form of mineral salts, but which! proved to be mixed with cyanide or mercury, a most powerful and deadly poison. It was clear that the sender of the bottle Intended to kill Harry Cor nish. Molineux was known to be a bit ter enemy of Cornish; he was entirely familiar with the nature of cyanide of mercury. The prosecution succeeded in convicting him upon evidence that rest ed entirely on that of medical experts and experts in' handwriting. Molineux obtained a new trial on some legal point concerning the admissibility of certain evidence, and In our judg ment It will be most difficult to convict him, not because there is any reason able moral doubt that he is guilty, but because juries are reluctant to con vict a man of a capital crime solely on expert testimony, because the experts have come to be regarded as so many paid witnesses called on either side, who are not subject to the pains and penalties of the ordinary witness. It is true that the jury convicted Carlyle Harris, the young medical student, who murdered his. wife by giving her a box of quinine capsules among which he had placed three capsules loaded with mor phine, but the guilt of the accused was entirely clear without any expert testi mony. But in the case of Molineux his conviction was obtained entirely through the testimony of medical ex perts and experts in handwriting, chiefly the latter. Judge Woodward, of the appellate di vision of the New York Supreme Court, contributes to the current number of the North American Review an excel lent article on expert evidence, in which he says that grave criticism of Its worth and wisdom has not sprung from re cently celebrated criminal cases, but as far back as the reign of Henry VII of England experts in language w.ere called before the court, and medical ex perts were called before the court as early as 1353. Lord Mansfield in 1760 discredited the testimony of a policy broker called as an Insurance expert "as a mere opinion, which Is not evi dence, an opinion after an event." Lord Campbell attached small weight to "scl entlficvwitnesses; they come with a bias on their minds to support the cause In which they are embarked." Judge Woodward himself says that "so notori ous Is the abuse of expert evidence, es pecially in the matter of handwriting, becoming that If It is not checked a reaction must Inevitably come that will abolish such testimony altogether." Judge Woodward quotes Justice Good rich, of Brooklyn, as recently speaking of "paid experts swearing for or against the sanity of a prisoner, according to the amount of their fee and the person who. calls them." Justice Adams de clares that "expert witnesses are far more anxious to destroy each other than to elucidate the particular question in issue." Professor R. A. Wltthaus, tho famous chemist; declares that one of the causes of "the just disrepute of ex pert -.testimony is the employment of blatant, Ignorant persons, or even of persons who do not hesitate at plain perjury." Judge Earl, of the New York Court of Appeals, said: "It is generally safer to take the judgments -of unskilled jurors than the opinions of hired experts."- The names of a number of other New York Judges are cited who believe that the evils of expertlsm are very great; that as a rule, "such testi mony is quite valueless." In France, we believe, the Judge calls the expert and examine him; and this expert is not selected by either side; the Judge simply summons the first "members of the medical profession for enlightenment as to matters of scientific knowledge; so In other things that need the testi mony of a specialist for elucidation. Judge Woodward thinks that the naming and summoning of expert wit nesses, who are able and honest special ists, might be appropriately delegated to the appellate dlvlson of the Supreme Court, and the rate of compensation for expert witnesses should .be a stated sum per diem, fixed by the court The temp tation to perjury by an expert Is great, since he is not punishable for perjury, even in cases of willful falsehood. It is clear from this confession of Judge Woodward that expert evidence, whether given by medical men or stu dents of handwriting, does not count for much today with the bench or the bar, and why, then, should It expect to have supreme weight with the jury? As It stands today, it Is almost impossi ble to convict any person accused of having done murder through poisoning the victim, for the whole question of guilt or innocence rests upon medical experts who seek, on both sides to swear their own side through and of course flatly, contradict each other. The jury .cannot convict on belief of the prisoner's guilt. It cannot hang a man as a-poisoner with eminent medi cal men swearing against each other, so that the probabilities are the jury will either disagree or acquit Molineux. The wonder Is that intelligent men who seek to do murder do not always work through poison. Judge Woodward holds that the jury should remember that the value -of an expert's evidence is propor tioned to his reputation in the commu nity for honesty, and to his standing in his locality or profession. "It is ndt enough that he be thought wise, he must also be accounted honest." HILL. -David B. Kill is not only the engineer but the architect of the Democratic machineJn the political battle which Is raging furiously tpday in New York State. The bitterness of the smug gle may be gathered from the fact that Governor -Odell, in a pub lic speech, alludes to Hill as a man who "never knew the love of woman, who never heard the. prattle of Innocent children, Tand who would sacrifice his best friends to his ambltiona" This language was unworthy of Governor Odell. It is true that Hill has never married, as it was true of Samuel J. Tilden, and true of President Cleveland when he was first inaugurated. David B. Hill has-some very' great public vices, but he has many private virtues. He has never been- a dissolute man; was never a user of alcohol or tobacco; was never a gambler. He has risen to a high position from humble parentage by dint of' his own exertions, and as a lawyer is in the flrst rank of his pro fession. As an able," astute politician he is easily the leader of his party, and has been .for .more than twenty years. Since Tilden retired from active poll tics In 18S0, David B. Hill has been the intellectual leader of the New York Democracy. He "has been twice elected Governor; has been United States Sen ator, and has always sustained his repu tation as a man of excellent abilities. The trouble with Mr. Hill is that in his intellectual strength and his moral -limitations he Is too much like Aaron Burr. Like Burr, he is a man of cold, passion less exterior, whose craft allows noth ing to interfere with the attainment of his purposes. He is 'so tenacious In his temper that the only great defeat of his life was due to Tils persistence in try ing -to elect Maynard, a discredited law yer, who had unlawfully diverted some. election returns from the hands of their proper custodian, to the bench of the Court of Appeals. The whole bar of New York State rose up in protest and the Democratic state ticket In 1894 was snowed under by an enormous majority. This terrible defeat stamped Indelibly upon Hill the mark of a man without public conscience, for he deliberately tried to force upon the highest court of the state a lawyer who had unlawfully detained an election return and diverted it from it .proper legal destination. The Bar Association of New York City, headed by a famous Democratic lawyer, James C. Carter, protested In the name of the profession against the election of Maynardi and without distinction of party the lawyers throughout the state labored for Maynard's defeat and ac complished it. A man of any less re markable force of will and character than Hill would never have recovered from this defeat, but today he Is easily the foremost" man In his party at the East. During hiB career in the past Hill has been counted as not friendly to ex Presidenb Cleveland, but today ex-Secretary Carlisle and all the -conspicuous old-time Cleveland men are hand and glove with Hill; Hill made the plat form, which includes a plank soi radical in its departure from the Jeffersonian theory of government that Coler, the candidate for Governor, virtually repu diates it in his speeches. Mr. Cleveland, too, gives the glad hand to Mr. Hill and wishes him success. The fact that Hill Incorporated this 'National ownership and operation" plank in his platform illustrates the, cool daring of the man as a politician, but he knew he could make Carlisle, Cleveland & Co. swallow it Cleveland ignores it by saying that on the great tariff issue before the country the New York platform deserves and obtains his support. Cleveland knows that plat forms do not mean much. McClellan ac cepted the Presidential nomination In 1864, but repudiated its peace plank. WJien Cleveland accepted the nomination for President in 1892 he expressed his disapproval of the very radical freeT trade plank that had- been adopted by the National Democratic Convention. When politicians are determined to win they are already willing to behave like a pirate ship that does not hesitate to run up the flag of all nations in order to capture a prize. Hill was shrewd enough to see that, whether thecoal strike was quelled or not, his "Govern ment ownership and operation" plank would do him no harm. It might win him a good many thousand votes among the wageworkers, and would lose him none among the broadcloth Democracy, for the broadcloth Democracy knows perfectly well that Hill means it for buncombe; it is good enough campaign fustian, and for thls-reason the Democ racy is dangerously likely to win this year. Governor. Odell made a good many enemies among the plutocrats by his peremptory talk to President Baer, and altogether it looks as if the Democ racy in New York State were united this year In an effort to win the battle, even at the cost of swallowing David B. Hill's plank and rejecting Jefferson's principles. The hope of Republican suc cess lies In appeal to the decent, inde pendent vote of the state for support of able and upright administrations in state and Nation. . j A COSTLY' AND UNNECESSARY LES SON. All formalities incident to the settle ment of the great coal strike having been satisfactorily concluded, the strik ing coal miners have returned to work. That is to say, as many of them have done so as .can be placed pending the rehabilament of a number of mines damaged by disuse, and without preju dice to the nonunion men who have been at work in some of the mines all along. These are drawbacks to the full resump tion of work and the employment of the entire number of strikers, which ar bitration cannot overcome potent force though it la As far as the actual conflict is concerned, however, the strike of Ave months Is ended, though the questions at lssuewlll occupy the atten tion of the Board of Arbitration for some weeks at least The public is now face to face with a momentous and impressive fact. There Is no reason for arbitration now that did not exist before the strike was called. What has now been conceded should have been conceded Ave months ago, forestalling a train of evil conse quences that it will require, years to efface. The effect of the strike," both material and moral, Is almost beyond the power of the human mind to grasp. The loss to the coal companies includes damage to flooded mines and idle ma chinery, and to the stoppage of an enor mous output of coal for which there has been a steady and even clamorous demand. Approximate estimates of these losses can be made. The loss In wages to miners has been enormous, andr gauged by their necessities and the hardship suffered by. their families, it has been a cruel one. This also can be approximately estimated. An inventory of the loss suffered by the public is more difficult, and indeed it Is practi cally impossible, since it covers anxi eties and inconveniences, individual hardships that border closely upon, ac tual want, and vexations and cares the details of which .cannot be written. But the most serious because the most ineradicable feature of. the long conflict, is in the hostility that It engendered between capital and labor. Seeds of discord have been sown broadcast be tween these two great forces in the in dustrial world where those of harmony and good will should have been, and might have been, planted by an early arbitration of differences. While, there fore, we may hope with John Mitchell that both labor and capital have learned lessons from the miners' strike that will enable them to adopt peaceful, humane and business methods to adjust wage differences in the future, we can but regret that s'o heavy a tuition fee was exacted for these lessons, since, after all, they have, only demonstrated the In ability of unreasoning etubbornness to reach reasonable conclusions a fact so wellj known thr.t Its demonstration should not have been necessary to men of intelligence. " The city may be congratulated in that the Health Commissioner has succeeded in convincing the City & Suburban Rail way Company that Its cars should be fu migated as well as cleaned daily. This, it is promised, will be done hereafter, thus affording intelligent if tardy pro tection to the patrons of Its lines from the germs of tuberculosis and other more or less communicable and deadly diseases. To understand and appreci ate this action it is only necessary to take passage In the evening on one of the densely crowded cars that carry laborers, shoppers and school children to their homes and take note of the con ditions favoring the dissemination of disease. If in the dry season the dust that is created by the motion of the car and finds Its way into every crevice Is the winged carrier of dlssnse germs as well ao of many other, things that are disagreeable and disgusting, if .not necessarily noxious. If in the wet sea son the catarrh-laden breath, the ex halations from wet and soiled clothing and from bodies long overdue at the bath are the ready carriers of mis chief. It is not within the limits of reasonable belief that a car returned to the barn at midnight after" eighteen hours' passenger traffic, during which its carrying capacity has been taxed to the utmost, Is fit to resume the road without thorough fumigation. What is the use of sanitary knowledge if It Is not applied to the common things of life? And surely the commonest of all common things these days are street cars and their traffic. Let them be fu migated on all lines. It Is nauseating tc reflect that they have not been thus rendered inoxious heretofore. William J. Bryan is loading the ambi ent air of Idaho with his peculiar the ories, from which all the power of pros perity has been unable to extract the essence of calamity. He concluded a speech to the voters of Pocatello the other day, in which he exhorted them with all the fervid eloquence of which he is master to elect the Democratic nominee for Congress and a Legislature that would elect a Democratic United States Senator with the declaration that "Republican principles fostered trusts, promoted imperialism and ground down the common people while enriching the few." And still the tin bucket brigade goes smilingly to its dally labor; farm ers are still getting good prices for the products of the soil, and mechanics are still dictating the wage scale for their respective crafts. And still, by a com bination of circumstances which Mr. Bryan deplores as calamitous, the rich are getting richer, the Industrious poor are becoming well-to-do, and, Indeed, are poor no longer, and still the Nation grows and prospers though It hne twice refused to elect this oracle of disaster to the Presidency. Dr. George D. Barney, of Brooklyn, N. Y., announces a new specific for the cure of consumption, which will be of Interest to the world, as are all remedies that hold out a' hope of relief from this scourge of the human race. He has treated 100 cases in the past year. Of these, thirty were of persons suffer ing from the third or worst stage of the disease, of whom he claims" to have cured twenty-nine. His process and formula, which he will give to the Med ical Journal In a few days, he declares are simple. By It, according to Dr. Bar ney, the lungs are made uninhabitable for germs of all kinds, as a sickroom is ordinarily uninhabitable for germs after a strong disinfectant Is used. The hope held out by this announcement will be eagerly seized by thousands who are anxiously seeking relief from the germs of this most insidious and pernicious disease. , The accident b$ which George Rog ers, of Hillsdale, near this city, lost his life Wednesday afternoon, though exceedingly distressing, can scarcely be called preventable as long .as the present close affinity exists between boys and guns. The lad was handling a rifle and it was unexpectedly discharged, Inflict ing a wound in the breast which he survived but a few minutes. Such an occurrence may well be taken from the list of accidents and classed as one of the ordinary vicissitudes of life to which any boy with the ordinary boyish love for a gun Is liable. It is deplorable, nevertheless, since its victims are usually, as In this case, bright, energetic-lads who promise to make enter prising, useful men. We learn from the Capital Journal, of Salem:. The slime and morass of politics has sunken our fair state about as far as the people can stand. They are -wading to their necks In a sea of burdens and abuses that can only be lifted by a fight for what is right. The Journal's heart Is evidently in the right place, but for perspicacity It leaves something still to be desired. Slime and morass seldom go about sink ing things, especially In the singular number and obsolete perfect participle. Equally difficult is the task of lifting seas. The power of mixed metaphors to clarify the political situation must be limited at best, and their use should be conflned to St. Patrick's day. Patient and Energetic. Baltimore News. President Roosevelt Is to be congratu lated most heartily on the successful Issue of his patient and energetic efforts, and he will not fail to receive the thanks of the people for what he has done. With out resorting to any doubtful exertion of official power, he was in a position to me diate between the opposing sides as no other person could .have done,( and he has made successful use of his opportunity. GAMBLING AND LAW. , i S Brooklyn Eagle. :We are rapidly learning what 2Tew York really Is, in contrast to what the law says it shall bo. The discovery of the desk of a police captain with $100, C00 df unsuspected wealth is followed by the disclosure In safes of the raided gambling-houses fit sums estimated at any where from $300,000 to $800,000. Either sum Is big. enough to establish the extent Importance and habitual security of the gambling business, which the law says shall not exist It has existed, does exist and will exist hereafter. It has existed by an alliance with the police which gave the gamblers assurance that If they were not protected from raids they would be at least notified long enough In advance to prepare for the' visit Otherwise the bookmakers, whose daylight business at the racetracks the law does recognize, would never have formed the custom of leaving even $50,000 over night In the gamblers' safes, to say nothing of six times that sum. The treasure trove was bo large that its mere" weight has over borne the idea of sending It to the prop erty, clerk at police headquarters for Iden tification. The contents of the safes will be turned over to tho lawyers who have the combinations of the safee. This remarkable condition in the gambling-houses could not exist if the busi ness was generally regarded as disrepu table. Last Summer the patrons of the gambling-houses at Saratoga were pub lished dally as fashionable intelligence, ana the lists Included many names famil iar in business and In the reports of social festivities. The publicity has not gone so far in New York, but the patron age is recruited from the same class and is wider because It involves no publicity. The men who make no distinction be tween playing the stock exchange and playing faro or roulette are many, and the number who Insist upon their right to play the latter because law and soci ety give their sanction to the former is very much larger. The Idea of suppress ing by law the exercise of an instinct so nearly universal is as idle as It would be to expect to establish celibacy .by law. In fact, the law Is not able to estab lish even monogamy, and it makes only a pretense of trying. The most that is expected by Intelligent men of anti-gam-bllng laws, as of prohibitory laws against human appetites. Is restriction. Every body admits the necessity for restriction. So long as laws, in their terms prohibi tory, accomplish restriction, they are jus tified by the common sense of the great community, which knows that restriction can be only partial and Imperfect at best In New York, as this Incident proves, It Is highly partial and exceedingly Imper fect. The point at which prohibitory laws break down, so that they should be succeeded by regulation and restriction by statute, is a practical question of ad ministration, and not one of fundamental morality, as so many of the political pro hibitionists believe. So long as prohibition produces a closer restriction of admitted evils than regu lation would do, prohibition is Justified In practice. In liquor regulation almost the whole country has agreed that prohi bition Is practically worse than license and regulation. In regasd to gambling and social evils the common sense of the country Is on the other eldc; save In iso lated spots like Saratoga, the Hot Springs and the mining camps. It Is not probable that a dozen break-downs of prohibition, like that of New York laws against gam bling, will change public sentiment in this respect- Whichever way the law should read. It would not touch the root of the matter. The fundamental thing to re member is that you cannot make men virtuous by statute. The law at best is a clumsy device for approximating toward the ideal. The basic work Is that of education and the appeal Jsl conscience made, entirely out side the law, by social and religious or ganizations. When that work is. thor ough and far-reaching restrictive laws will not bo needed, while, without. such sup port, those laws will be ignored,' precise ly as they were in the case of the raided gambling-houses. HOW PETROLEUiM IS "PROTECTED" Minneapolis Tribune. Some queer Journal in, Illinois thinks that the Standard OH is a protected trust, because the retaliatory clause of the Dingley law permits the President to col lect on petroleum Imports from any par ticular country a duty equal to that Im posed on our petroleum by the producing country. Russia, It is said, levies a tariff of 14 cents a gallon on all petroleum im ported. Therefore, it Is said, our pe troleum is protected to the extent of 14 cents a gallon and this has built up the trust. The figures may be right or wrong; that Is not Important, though of course a tariff of 14 cento a gallon would be pro hibitory anywhere. "We send so little pe troleum to Russia that the amount is included in about 4,500,000 gallons export ed in 1900. to the "other countries" at the bottom of the European list The only evidence In statistics that we Import any petroleum from Russia is the appearance of less than 20,000 gallons In the dutiable list In the same year. Now, let us look at the petroleum In dustry as a whole. In 1900 the last sta tistics available we produced about g,400, 000,000 gallons, which Is not far from the average for the last five years. We ex ported 45 per cent of this, and sold it in the markets of the world. Of course the price, at home as well as abroad, was fixed by the price obtained for this ex portable surplus, exactly as the price of wheat and cotton is so fixed; so the duty could have had no effect, had there been one. But there was no duty except against Imports from Russia. In 1900 wo imported only about 2,400,000 gallons, or about one-tenth of 1 per cent of our own production. All but 20,000 gallons of this camo lrt free, so it must have come from other countries than Russia; perhaps from Canada and Mexico. Nearly all of it must have been re-exported after refin ing, because our net Imports for that year were only 17,000 gallona If any body thinks the Standard Oil trust grew under this protection, let him remember that the trust was full grown a dozen years ago, and the Dingley law has been In force only since 1S97. The Retort Spirited. Portland Catholic Sentinel. The English Episcopal Established Church started In sin, and the whole system of English Frotestantism was cor rupt Judged by the practical test of the fruits that It has produced, every man not utterly debased In mental perception and moral sense must know and declare that of all the curses that ever blighted suffer ing humanity the miscalled gospel of "en lightened" English Protestantism has been the most bitter. No, Mr. Churchman, it is- too late In the day to try to prop up the decaying struc ture of the "American Episcopal Church." Bishop Potter ia true to the traditions es tablished by Henry VIII, and In his old age marries a buxom and wealthy widow. Such la the character of your sect, and before you attempt to revile the Church of God by slandering Its noble priesthood, remember your dark record of sin and corruption from Hal to Edward. Revolution!!. William Shakespeare. Like as the waves make towards the pebbled shore So do our minutes hasten to their end; Each changing place with that which goes bo fore. In sequent toil all forwards do contend. Nativity, once in the main of light ' Crawls to maturity. 'wherewith being crown' d. Crooked eclipses 'gainst his glory fight. And Time that gave, doth now .his gift con found. Time doth transfix tho flourish set on youth. And delves the parallels in beauty's brow;' Feeds on the rarities of nature's truth. And nothing stands but for his scythe to mow: And yet to times In hope, my verse shall stand Praising Thy worth, despite his cruel hand. SPIRtT OF THE NORTHWEST PRESS ! His Sterling; RepHbllcanlsm. Spokane Spokesman-Review. j Jqhn L. Wilson is opposing, the anti trust policy of the National leader of the Republican party, and he is opposing, too, 'the anti-trust and anti-merger policy of the party's leader in this state. Governor Mc Brlde. It 13 matter of party record that he and his lieutenants here fought the McBrlde railway commission plank before tho Spokane County convention until they were overwhelmed In defeat. At the same time, his newspaper, the Seattle Post-Intelllgencer, has openly re pudiated the commission policy of Gov ernor McBrlde. The same paper, on the morning following the last Seattle Re publican convention, declared. In Its lead ing editorial, that It would not support the nominee of that convention. Mayor Humes, for re-election, although it ad mitted that the Humes wing had won In a fair contest, and that Mayor Humes was the unanimous choice of the conven tion. The truth ls,j Wilson, while strong for party regularity when he controls the party, does not scruple to knife and bolt whenever the party doctrines run coun ter to his selfish schemes, or whenever the party nominees have the courage and independence to reject his dictation. He is not a Republican, and membera of the party who are loyal to President Roose velt and Governor McBrfde owe him and his machine no party allegiance. Ill-Advised Sentiment. Seattle Post-Intelligencer. The suicide of one of them Is the direct result of this 111-advlsed and cruel kind ness. These men found themselves utter ly unfitted for free life. They were con vinced by this time that society had done them an Injustice, and chafed against the denial of a full pardon that would permit them to go anywhere and restore to them all the privileges qf citizenship. They did not discredit themselves by their behavior, they had ample opportunity to earn an honest living, but they fourid everything out of joint Age and illness overtook them. The last words of the suicide show that he took his life In a spirit of bitterness against all the world; an attitude that was never assumed dur ing the long years In confinement when the stern, but not unkindly, discipline of the penitentiary was doing the work that their whole lives required. Not mercy, but grievous wrong, to the object of It even more than to society, was here and always milst be the fruit of misguided sentlmentallsm. Will Strengthen I.nbor Unions. Lewlston Tribune. There Is not a particle of doubt but that trades unionism has received a great Impetus, as President Mitchell says, by the termination of the anthracite strike In the manner It' was terminated. The men have received exactly what they first asked for arbitration. If they should not receive a single other concession, they have still gained what they urged, and that Is essentially an Investigation of their condition. If they get no other -concessions, it will be because a commission satisfactory to themselves should find that they are entitled to nothing more In view of all the other rights and interests involved. But they, are sure to receive some direct amelioration, and. what Is vmore to the point, will have demonstrat ed the power of organized labor In a manner that ought to give It overwhelm ing ascendency In Its field. Gambling In Gambling. Spokane Chronicle. Slot-machine owners are not likely to rejoice over the decision rendered by United States Commissioner Clifford at Tacoma. Edward Stickney was arrested on a charge of counterfeiting for drop ping lead slug3 Into the machines. Though it was admitted that one side of the slug was a rough die cast of the regulation coin to deceive the proprietors, the Com missioner discharged the man,., and held that no attempt had been made to pass the slugs as genuine. They had simply been used against a gambling device, which in itself is Illegal. Under the com mon law the court could not uphold an Illegal scheme, and as he did not consider the slugs capable of being passed for gen uine coins, the discharge of the prisoner was ordered. Labor 3Inst Not Enter Politics. Pendleton East Oregonlan. Now that labor has gotten In the sad dle. It should not be forced Into politics. The attempt will be made by designing politicians, but labor should beware. La bor may now stand upon her own rights, and she will be a winner, but the minute she enters the slime of politics she an tagonizes other political parties and her friends, and must sooner or later fall. Remain out of politics and all political parties are her friends; enter the po litical field and all are her enemies. The fact that she maintains the world draws all of the world to her. Now that she Is a winner, let her demand Justice of all political parties, and they will vie with one another In looking after her cause. .Let her keep out of politics. Congregations Are Also Representa tive. Eugene Register. A Portland minister voluntarily stepped from his pulpit to a conductorshlp on a Portland street-car line for the purpose of studying human nature. That min ister must have had an ideal congregation not to find In them a wide field for study In the line suggested. There is usually about as much diversity In human kind displayed In a mixed congregation as In the outside rough-and-tumble world. No "Boozers" Need Apply. Albany Democrat. Spokane has decided to rule all "booz ers" out of Its baseball team next year, on account of the bad showing from too much whisky the past season. The "boozer" is no good for baseball or any thing else, a fact that people are get ting pretty firmly fixed In their minds. Con Keep L'p Fences, Anywny. The Dalle? Times-Moun&ineer. Some have said that President Roose velt and Governor Odell were once farm ers. Be that as it may, they have cer tainly learned somewhere how to keep up their (political) fences. Both scored good hits by their position on the 'coal miners' strike. Right Yon Are, Brother. Eugene Register. The Government can never do a great er thing for Oregon than when It deep ens the channel of the Columbia from Portland to the mouth, and expends hun dreds of thousands of dollars for Im provements of the Upper Columbia. Aboriginal Etymology. Centervlllo Journal. Klickitat is an Indian name, meaning horsethlef. And this valley received that name from a band of Indians who in habited it and who were supposed to bor row their neighbors' horses very frequent ly without returning them. How History. Will Regard It. Pendleton Tribune. It wilt go down In history as "President Roosevelt's Arbitration Commission," and future Presidents will refer to it as lawyers and Judges refer to American decisions. A Merry Old Soul. Walla Walla Union. Candidate Cole, of Tacoma, always was a practical Joker, and that Is' probably why he accepted the Congressional nom ination. An Important Oregon Crop. Albany Herald. At the present price of hops, the crop In Oregon Is worth about $4,000,000, which puts hopgrowlng well up In the front rank3 of the state's Industries. NOTE AND COMMENT. Miss Stone Is going; to Vepay her ran som money In part This lecturing must be profitable. Who was the leader In the reform move ment of week before last? Oh, yes! It was a Mr. McKay. Ex-President Kruger has been allow ing his memoirs to be published. Eng land's troubles are evidently not over yet. Attorney Lord says he has doubts whether Dr. Hill will join his organiza tion or not He is wrong. Dr. Hill has the doubts. The Army Is reported to be" growing very negligent There has not been a "kill, burn or destroy" court-martial for several weeks. San Francisco is suffering from an epi demic of suicide, and it is feared that the- circulation of the Examiner will be seriously Impaired. Liquor dealer Jeff Nye. refuses to eufc scribe to tho Law Enforcement Leagu- His poor judgment will result in a fine in the City Treasury. The Law . Enforcement League is pub lishing the "list of reputable citizens" very slowly. If the records of "the rest are equally as reputable as that of Mr. Kllner, Dr. Hill ought to feel ashamed. Sarah Bernhardt frequently "composes" the costumes which are used in her the atrical productions. On the eve of an Im portant event of this character she has a corps of girls In a workroom' plnnin-r dress materials, lace materials, and gen eral trimmings on manniklns. Once in a while madam personally superintends these operations, and even the forewoman bows to her ODinion. There is a Dickens fellowship In Lon don, and Percy Fitzgerald, who knew Dickens well and has written so much about him and his works, is to be the first president It will seek to extend the power and Influence of his writings in tho English-speaking world. To that end It will meet once a month, from October to April, for the reading and discussion of papers on subjects relating, to Dickens, hia teachings and writings. In some part of Ireland the names an simply chalked on carts and other vehi cles kept for public hire. In order to com ply with legal regulations. Unfortunate ly, this custom lends Itself to the playing of pranks on the part of "bhoys" mali ciously inclined, who sometimes rub off the lettering and thereby get the cart owner into trouble with the police. A case of this kind having occurred, a constab ulary sergeant accosted a countryman whose name had been thus wiped out. unknown to-him. "Is this cart yours, my good man?" "Av coorse It Is," was the reply; "do you see anything the mat ter wld It?" "I obsarve," said the pomp ous policeman, "that yer name is oblit erated." "Then ye're wrong," quoth the countryman, who had never come across the long dictionary word before, "for me name's O'Reilly an' I don't care who knows It!' A South African correspondent tells how cleverly the Boer commandant, Kritzlnger, made use ofhls knowledge of English In the' recent war. On one oc casion he galloped up to a blockhouse and declared that he was In command of a couplo of squadrons of Marshall's horse and was being hotly pursued by Kritz lnger himself. So well, did hc'tell hia story that the blockhouses actually he!d up the advance of the pursuing column of English with a heavy fire. Riding up one evening to a blockhouse, dressed in an English Captain's costume and at tended by two orderlies, he announced that the column to which he wis attached would pass through at midnight on a night march, and they were on no ac count to fire on It He selected the spot at which he would cross and Insisted on absolute silence being observed. "I think we have Kritzlnger cornered now," he re marked cheerily. "And so 'elp me," said the crestfillen noncommissioned Officer next morning when he found out his mis take, "If I didn't salute 'im an the men give Mm a cheer as 'e rode off." An interesting fact about the running of one of the new fast trains to the West was brought out by a railroad man the other day. "I think that comparatively few. people know," said he, "that on a flyer two engineers arc necessary. Of course, the whole trip Is divided Into sev eral sections, and one engine with Its crew runs over one section only, after which it Is replaced by a fresh machine and men. But that is commonly done on fast trains. Wlfat struck mc as new on my late trip was that two engineers rodo In the cab on opposite sides of the boiler, the running engineer and the traveling engineer. The latter Is an older hand, and every small grade, on his section, so that he knows where to cut off a little Bpeed and where to open the throttle wide. He advises the running engineer as they speed along. It is, they say, a most difficult task to combine high speed with smooth running, both of which are de sired on the flyers: and the work and nervous strain of running over a section at high speed are sufficient to exhaust two trained and experienced men." PLEASANTRIES OF PAUAGRAPHEIIS I began didactically. "The fool and his mon ey" "Are the salvation of the Industrious," Interrupted the Shrewd Promoter. Puck. With apologies to the shade of the late poet laureate: "Hard coal is more than coronets, and simple slack than Norman blood." Cleve land Plain-Dealer. "Who was it that granted Magna Charta?" asked the teacher. "I I don't know anything about it." replied little Albert. "I never had anything but a velocipede. "--Chicago Record Herald. "Your town is getting to be quite a city, l3n't it?" "Well, I don't know. Sometimes I think we're a city, and sometimes I don't- We wear swallow-tail coats at evening parties, hut we haven't had a street-car strike jet." Chicago Tribune. Mamma's Angel. "Now, Willie," said tho careful mother. "I don't want you to associate with those Smith boys they are so rough and rude." "Not t' .me. they ain't. .Why, I picked a flsht an" licked 'em as soon as t struck de neighborhood." Baltimore Herald. "So dey convicted dat feller dat was swinging a high society bluff so as to lift jewelry." said Plodding Pete. "Yes," answered Meandering Mike. "He's got hia prison clothes on now. Dey've changed him from a social Hon into a zebra." Washington Star. "Well, there's one thing about Mrs. Frank ly," said the man who always tries to flatter: "she doesn't mind calling a ppade' a spade," "No," replied the man who had tried to teach her whist, "but she's Just as likely to call It a diamond, heart or club." Philadelphia Record. Howes I saw your Uncle Harry riding pa3t in his automobile yesterday. At least I sup posed it was he. He has an auto, hasn't he? Barnes Yes; but if "he were riding past. It couldn't have been Uncle Harry. Kad it been he. he would have been under the machine tinkering at the machinery. Boston Transcript. "See here." she said. "Just tell that clerk I can't wait. I've got to catch a train, and he's been gone fully- 10 minutes looking for a pair of shoes for me." "Pardon, madam." replied the floorwalker, "but the smaller the size the harder it is to find, you know." "Well er If he'll only hurry a little I'll wait for the next train." Philadelphia Press.