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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 14, 1902)
V. fte v$mxxccxx tred at tho- Postofflco at Fortl&ad, Oregoa, '' as stcond-class marten , REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. By ilal!postftgq;i)rpW,riu'adv66e) -' Day. wlpi Sunday, per month':.;..:-:.. 83 Dally. Sunday excepted per year... 7 00 pally, with Sunday, per year. 9 00 Sunday, per year 2 00 The, Weekly, per year 1 50 The "Weeky. 3 month j 50 To City Subscribers Dally, per week, delivered. Sunday excepted.iBc Dally, per week, delivered. Sundarincluded.20c POSTAGE RATES. United States. Canada- and Mexico J 10 to 54-page paper........... ,..lc 14 to 2S-page paDer...; - ......2c Foreign rates double: . News or discussion Intended' for publication in The Oregonlan should be addressed Invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan." not to the name of any individual. Letters relating to adver tising, subscriptions or to any business matter should be addressed simply "The Oregonlan." Eastern Business Offlce. 43. 44. 45. 47. 48, 49 Tribune "building, New York City; 510-11-12 Tilbune building, Chicago ; the S. C. Beckwlth Special Agency. Eastern representative. Tor sale in San Francis--: v- I. E. Lee. Pal ace Hotel news stand; Goldsmith Bros., 238 Butter street: F- W. Pitts. 1008 Market street; J. K. Cooper Co., 746 Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Foster & (Drear. Ferry news stand; Frank Scott. SO Ellis street, and N. "Wheatlcr. 813 Mission, street. For sale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner, 259 South Spring street, and Oliver & Haines. 305 South Spring street. For sate in Kansas City, Mo., by Rlcksecker Cigar Co.. Ninth and Walnut streets. For salo in Chicago by the P. O. News Co.. 217 Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald, 53 Washington street. For sale in Omaha by Barkalow Bros., 1612 Farnara street; Megeath Stationery Co., 1308 Famam street. For sale in Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co.. .4 West Second South street. For sale In Minneapolis by R. G. Hearsey & Co.. 24 Third street South. For r.ale In Washington. D. C, by the Ebbett House news stand. For sale in Denver. Colo., by Hamilton & Kendrlck, 006-912 Seventeenth street: Louthan & Jackson Book & Stationery Co., Fifteenth and Lawrence street; A. Series. Sixteenth and Curtis streets. TODAY'S WEATHERj-Cloudy, with prob ably showers; winds mostly southerly. YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem perature. 60; minimum temperature, 48; pre cipitation, trace. PORTLAXD, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 14. OUR. NATIONAL SIX. There is one weakness of American life, -at whose door can be laid nearly all of the troubles that now beset us. It Is a spirit of Indifference to sanctity of law. Commercial and industrial and every-day life is full of exhibits in lawlessness, not all as- portentous as those in Pennsylvania, today, but all revealing: a disposition in the average man, rich or poor, to be a law unto himself. The tendency is dangerous, and a realization of it should prompt the universal mind to better things. In the anthracite troubles, each side is defying the law. The Sherman anti trust act of 1890 and the Pennsylvania constitution inhibiting control of coal mines by railroads,, and the Pennsyl vania statutes against company stores, are all violated by the operators. And on the other hand the strikers are de fying -the common law and statutory enactments against r riot and vio lence. Part of the community condones the employer lawbreaker and part con dones the employe lawbreaker. Parti sans of, either side are governed more by their sympathies than by any pas sion for the inviolability of law. This- contempt for law is, certainly egregious in Pennsylvania, where- public life has long been corrupted by the Quay rggtae, and where all sorts of laws are freely passed to appease clamor, without any idea of their en forcement. But all sections are equally guilty. New England Is disgraced by prohibitory liquor laws which are open ly defied. Nobody expects them to be obeyed. In the South there is no law for the negro but cruel and unusual punishments, forbidden by the Federal Constitution, and administered without " due process of any sort of law. Here in , Oregon and in most Western States con stitutional limitations on Indebtedness of counties, towns and cities are flouted unceremoniously. Laws concerning .Sunday observance gambling, prostitution and certain practices of liquor-selling are openly de fied in almost every American city. They are passed, not so much to be en forced as to pay some sort of hysterical, dishonest tribute to an ideal of moral sentiment which is not expected to be realized. The law is made the play thing of unworthy ambitions. It Is not regarded as a sacred and imperative thing, either by those who enact it or those who take oath to enforce it. Men with money areapt to scout the law, as soon as they have money enough to pay their fines. This attitude is . shown by salmon-canners in Oregon as well as by automobile .drivers in New York. Nor are men of lower estate much better; for many, a loafer unlaw fully heats up some person whom he hates, expecting to pay his $10 or $25 fine, and it is quite the fashion for smffprprs iv Kmni .. wU UliCUcVO lO 1 take the law Into their bwn hands, 1 wiiu me conviction that there is something virtuous in their very law lessness. The laws are not made to be broken or kept as a matter of choice with due consideration of the penalty, as a man would drive a banrain in n horse trade. They are to be respected, J vcucjiiieu, uueyeo, ' One prolific source of this widespread' danger to American life is the Inferiors character of the men who are chosen -ta make laws. It is not a great honor toi sit in the Legislature, because the most! honorable and capable in our citizen ship, either through deliberate choice or through the self-seeking of others. The .first-class men of a state feel that they cannot afford to run for the Legis lature or for Congress, and as a rule not even for the Senate. Public life does not offer the emoluments of profes sions or business, and the popular es teem for statesmanship is not great enough to compensate the exceptionally gifted for the sacrifices they, make in choosing politics for a career. The laws, accordingly, are largely left to the mak ing of men who are either incompetent to make wise laws or else who have sought politics for the gain that can be secured, in questionable methods. The public would entertain greater respect for laws framed by the wisest and best men in the community. As to the remedy, it must be borne la mind that the stream can rise no higher than its source. Low popular ideals of public life -will get a low stand ard of efficiency in lawmakers and law-enforcers. The people themselves, by obeying the laws we have, and by insisting on high character in lawmak ers, could materially improve the char acter of public men, because better men would therehy be attracted to public life. It would also be great gain if men of brains and character would take a higher view of their duty toward so ciety and give' more time and thought to the affairs of 9tafe. Selfishness is tblMUi of any people; for & sure mani festation of it will be a disinclination to take office, and a preference for those pursuits whose rewards are greater and responsibilities less. The most successful 'man Is not he who makes society contribute the most to him, but who contributes most to so ciety. If disregard of law Is on the.in crease, though we do not- say this is so, it testifies unmistakably to a decline of religious conviction. Materialism is your great destroyer of reverence. The civic virtues, as well as those of filial reverence and marital fidelity, are pros perously promoted by faith in man's ac countability to the Infinite World. A godless and a prayerless race is on the sure and rapid road to anarchy, and a forward step toward anarchy is irrever ence for law. GOOD ROADS. an very Inferior as a rule to those of the enlightened countries of Europe,, like Great Britain Prance and Germany. There are several sufficient reasons for this difference. The great military iv illzation of antiquity was Rome, which excelled in the making of durable roads, aqueducts and bridgea' Without knowl edge of steam or electricity applied to the work of rapid transportation; with out an electric telegraph for the quick transmission of orders, Rome was obliged to connect her distant provinces with the great seat of her government by splendid roads, upon which her le gions with their impedimenta might move rapidly to Dacia on the Danube, to Gaul, to. Spain, to Greece, Asia Minor and Egypt. Trade, too, followed the flag under the Roman eagles, and for trade good roads were necessary, so that Rome, the great military and trad ing power of antiquity, made and main tained better roads, comparatively, than the world has ever known since, when we remember her lack of the materials and scientific engineering of modern life. The great roads that led to Rome still endure in spots; the ruins of the great Roman aqueducts and bridges are still the subject of admiration and won der on the part of modern visitors. What was true of Rome through Its military and commercial necessities was true of Continental Europe up to the general application of steam to railway and steamboat transportation, which did not take place until after the close of the Napoleonic wara The first steam ship did not cross the Atlantic until 1819; the first passenger railway in America was not built until 1828. So Europe up to 1825 may be said to have been dependent for her quick transpor tation In war and tVade upon the excel lence of her highways. r" Every great soldier-King took good care of the roads In order to move quickly in war, and every great statesman who loved peace took good care of the roads because they were essential to the quick and secure transportation of goods and mer chandise in provincial and Interstate commerce. The result was that Con tinental Europe, which was constantly engaged in war up to Waterloo, had probably better roads In the last decade of the eighteenth century than we have today In America in the first , decade of the twentieth century. These' roads, standing for 500 years of military and commercial necessities, were in such ex cellent condition when steam power was applied to land and water transporta tion that they were riot suffered to fall' into decay, as they weVe so admirably constructed that they could , be main tained at small annual expense. The marches of some of Napoleon's soldiers during his Continental wars surpass anything that our American soldiers performed in our Civil War, because they were executed over far better roads. General Sheridan, in his "Memoirs," speaks of the rapid march ing of the German Army In the cam paign of Gravelotte and Sedan, but says that upon equally fine roads our Amer ican soldiers could have at least equaled the pace of the Germans. The roadB of Prance and Germany are so fine that the farmer is able to transpbrt with ease, safety and speed a load drawn by two horses that no farmer could at tempt to convey in this country upon any of our ayerage high roads. In Great Britain, a small insular country, good roads were unknown until the day of rapid stage travel, and then Telford and McAdam made the English high ways as good as the best. This was the situation in Europe upon the advent of steam transportation. Europe retained her fine highways when she obtained the enormously valuable addition of Jand transportation propelled by steam, because it cost her but small expense to do so. But in the United States it was far different. We were but a young coun try, Jess than forty years old, when the advent of steam transportation by rail arrived. We had Just entered upon systematic efforts to build great Na tional highways, some of which, like the great National road from Washington over the mountains through Virginia, via Wheellng,-lnto Tennessee and Ken tucky, had been nearly completed, while others were projected. The rapid stage lines from the leading towns of New England to Boston and New York, from New York to Philadelphia, made good roads a necessity, so that If we had not begun to adopt steam transportation by rail by 1830 we would within fifty years have had as good a system of highways .as Europe. But the advent of steam applied to railway transportation killed our growing system of great, well-built National highways and state roads, and then, Just when public attention was gradually being directed to the neces sity and economic importance of good roads, the electric trolley system was introduced, which gave the "good roads" revival a setback and is likely to injure it more in the future, when the trolley lines run goods trains as they now do In many places trains for the carriage of milk, butter, fruit, par cels, etc. Everything thus far has been against the building of a system of highways as good as is maintained in Europe. The absence of good roads Is conspicuous not only In the younger states of the Union, like Oregon and Washington, but in the oldest states, like Massachu setts and Connecticut The 'Springfield Republican says that the beautiful re gion of the Berkshire Hills suffers today greatly "because of the roads, which are the worst possible, even for dirt roads. Were it not for the abominable roads filled with boulders, rendering them dangerous to people who traverse them, these beautiful hill towns would be filled with city residents In Summer. WThat Is true of the Berkshire Hills must be true of "the Green Mountains and the White Hills. In Oregon and Washington the grad ual extension of good roads would add immensely to the. happiness of the peo ple. In some of the oldest parts of Ore gon and Washington the roads are so horrible that during the season W Win ter rains the impassable nature of the roads discourages frequent visiting- ex cept in thickly settled communities. Life in the Winter in a small commu nity becomes dreary, not because of the rain directly, but because of the wretched rpads which the rains quick ly make unfit for travel with anything like tolerable comfort and celerity. APPLE-GROWING-' 17 DREG OX. The fruit fair held at Hood' River last week is said by experts to have been the finest exhibition of the kind ever held In the state. This estimate is no doubt true, and In conceding this we are mindful of the truly wonderful displays of fruit, especially of apples, at state fairs and in the orchards of the Willamette Valley in the years be fore the codlln moth and other fruit pests, appeared to tax the patience and ingenuity of farmers. In those days, far away as reckoned by events, but still In the near past, Oregon was proud ly hailed as the land of "big, red ap ples." Everybody, speaking from the pioneer's . standpoint, planted an or chard, mainly of apple trees of the best varieties procurable. These trees came into bearing in a very few years, and the apples they produced were, without disparagement of the Hood River ap ples of today, of the very best. Nature as represented by the soil and. climate of Oregon was prodigal of her favors, and such Baldwins and Bellflowers, such Spltzenbergs and WInesaps, such Russets Roxbury and Golden; such Rambos and Lady apples as were pro duced when these trees were from five to ten years old were never, as the proud farmers verily believed, produced anywhere else on earth before." But there was practically no market for the tremendous surplus of these early orcharda, Nor were the trees se lected wisely from a commercial point "of view. They were family orchards merely, with. a numerous and well chosen variety of -apples for that pur pose, but - so riotous were they in growth, so abounding In production, that It was simply impossible to use all of the fruit, and market there was none. As a consequence, apples, the finest In the world, covered acres of orchard sur face In September and October for a number of yearsx Farmers were dis couraged, the trees, became covered with moss and unsightly from overbearing and lack of care; the tent caterpillar came In and spun his Summer awning unmolested among their branches, and his voracious offspring denuded thenr of foliage. Oregon" apples fell into disre pute. Later came the codlln moth and the woolly aphis, parasites of such, com merce as then existed, and the humilia tion of the Oregon orchardlst was for a time complete. But the reaction set In some years ago, and the late fruit fair at Hood River furnlEhed substantial evidence of Its progress. The commercial orchard has taken the place of the family or chard of the earlier .period, and apples, specimens of which were exhibited last week, are shipped by the carload, not only from Hood River orchards, but from those of many parts of the Willam ette Valley and of Southern Oregon.' Apple-raising, an art of which any pio neer farmer supposed himself master in the earlier time, has become a branch of horticulture, the methods and expedi ents of which are arbitrary and. well defined. They embrace a study of sail, location and exposure, .drainage, prun ing, sprays and spraying, and a com bination of varieties that insure carload shipments, the earliest for the local market, the best for keeping, andthe most attractive for all seasons and pur poses. It Is upon such methods that the new apple industry as represented by the Hood River Fair is based. From this industry there promises hereafter to be a steady, reliable supply. The. old as sertion, unfortunately too well based, that "there is no money In apples" has been changed by the elimination of a single word and the tone In which it is now uttered Is not one of discourage ment, but of satisfaction. There is money in apples, and Hood River or chardlsts have the figures to prove It. Of all ways of advertising this attract ive, interesting and growing industry, the fruit fair Is the most pleasing and promising. The decadence of apple growing in Oregon was marked by thousands of the finest apples rotting on the ground, and later by the gnarly, mossgrown, vermin-infected trees. ' Its rehabilament is shown in the tempting display of apples as specimens of fruit that later will be sent out,, carefully picked, selected and wrapped, by the carload to the markets of the country. A LONG-FELT WANT. The effort that Is being made to es tablish' a school for the practical train ing of girls and young women In what is called domestic science, but which, in old-fashioned phrase, is housekeep ing, with all that that term, adjusted to modern methods and equipment, im plies, is a most worthy one. Of the young women who are willing to do housework- a very large number simply do not know how. The most discouraging feature of the case, per haps, b that they are not aware of this fact. In other words, they think they know, and when confronted by failure and the fault-finding -that . follows it, they do not attribute the Unpleasant situation to the right cause. It Is a well-known fact that girls start out to do housework for wages, and good wages at lhat, who do not know (sim ply because they have never been taught) how to sweep and dust a room properly; how to make a loaf of bread, bake beans, boll potatoes, broil a steak or make coffee, while the lore of soups and salads and desserts they have never even attempted to master. They . are not to blame for this ignorance of their vocation, except as they neglect or re fuge to learn. The Idea, discounted by common sense but still widely prevalent, that a. woman or a girl, because she was "born femi nine," as Mary MacLane would sayv is therefore able without special instruc tion to "keep house" with all that is implied by that term, Is at the bottom of much of the incompetence of girls who go out to domestic service. True, thousands of women who have been brought up. by thrifty, painstaking mothers say and believe that they "al ways knew" how to cook, wash, scrub, iron, and all the rest. But there are other thousands, who drift into domes tic service out of homes In "which sys tematic housekeeping Is unknown and where there are none of the equipments that make modern housewifery what it is. .How utterly absurd and unjust to expect these to give satisfactory return for a wage Investment of from $15 to $25 a month! When girls -aretralned to dp 'housework as they must be trained In any other vocation before they expect to receive pay for their labor, or as boys are trained, in the trades before they hire out as capable workmen, we may expect to get as competent service In our homes as the master mechanic, gets in his shops. Intelligent, practical effort looking to this end represents-a long felt want and is worthy of substantial encouragement. PROPHECIES COME TO GRIEF. It will be remembered that certain engineers, notably General Ernst, cal culated with every show of authori tative enunciation that the drainage canal from Lake Michigan by way of the Chicago River would lower the lake. The most lugubrious predictions we're indulged as tof the" 'effects upon cli mate, navigation, etc. We How find, howjever, in the Chicago Record-Herald some Interesting and valuable data, showing the fluctuations in the lake level during the thirty-one years from 1871 to 1901 inclusive. The Record Herald's article not only disposes 'of the prediction of GeneralVErnst. that the contemplated flow of 600,000 cubic' feet a minute through the drainage canal 'would result In lowering the level of Lake Michigan six inches,' but demon strates the impracticability of securing any convincing data on the subject within' any period short of a generation. Starting in 1895 with two years of un--uoually low water, the mean annual level of the lake fluctuated as follows: 1895..... ......6 Inches below, datum 1S96. 7 inches below datum 180 1 3 inches above datum 1S98. ...5 inches above datum 1800. i i ;..6 Inches above datum 1900., 2 Inches above datum 1001 4 inches above datum As the Record-Herald cogently points out, If there had been anything In the fear of a material lowering of the lakt level by the flow through the drainage canal It would be sat at rest by the rise of two inches In the mean level "of the lake during the second year the canal was. In operation. But the record also shows that the lake reached a level In 1901 twenty-one feet above datum, and, singularly enough, the same height above the high-water mark of 1896! It also appears that the level of Lake Michigan, fluctuated from nineteen feet below datum in 1900 to twehty-one above in 1901 a total fluctuation of forty Inches In two years. Great as this was, It was exceeded In the single year 1881, when the range touched twenty five below datum and thirty-seven above a fluctuation of over five feet In a single twelvemonth. In the seven years 18S6-1892 Inclusive the range was from forty-three Inches- below to fifty two above a fluctuation of almost, eight feet. During the same period the mean annual level ranged from thirty-one inches above to three inches below. This demonstration In the fallibility of experts reminds one of the wide differ ence of engineering opinion as to the best way to improve, the mouth of the Columbia River. Montana has a-compulsory education law, which Includes all children ,11 the state between the ages of 8 and 14 years and prescribes the number of months in each year In which they must attend school. V. W. Welch, Superintendent of. Public Instruction In that state, is preparing for a vigorous enforcement of this law. He will also endeavor to have Its scope extended at the next Legisla ture to Include all' children from 6 to 21 years of age, unless at an earlier age than the latter an eighth-grade, di ploma ban be presented by the non attendant. Speaking of his purpose to enforce the law. Mr. Welch says: "It is distinctly unfair to the taxpayers to be taxed for the support of the schools of Montana; to have all the money paid In used in keeping the schools open and then a few years later to be taxed again to support or punish a breed of young criminals represented by the lads who are running about the streets in stead of being in schooL" There is something In this view of the case that It might be weir for our own legislators (or rather for our voters, since they, under the law of Initiative and referen dum, are the lawmakers of the state) to ponder If a stringent child-labor law io enacted at Salem next Winter, it will probably be nedessary, or at least prudent, to follow It with a compulsory education law. There are worse things than child labor in the sensa that this prevails In this state. Among these may be mentioned child vagrancy, truancy and the Various forms of mis chief and Juvenile deviltry that wait upon idleness. The tenth annual pilgrimage to the grave of Charles Stuart Parnell took place at Dublin last Sunday, It was featureless, save for the absence from the ranks of the pilgrims for the first time of the Lord Mayor of Dublin, and the noticeable diminution In the num ber of pllgrlma This is In accordance with the dictates of time "and change, before which earthly fame and power vanish. Parnell had his day, and an active, busy. Influential day It was. The attempt to prolong It beyond the period that It covered ywas. In the nature of all human experience, a futile one. In the language of Ella Wheeler Wilcox, "The dead are so very dead; the living are so very much alive!" Further ex planation of the forgetfulness that Is the portion, of the great as well as the' humble of earth is not necessary. This is all-sufficient. The late ex-Governor Whlteaker at tested, at once his devotion to his wife and his confidence that his children, grown to man's and Roman's estate, could take care of themselves, by his will, in which he devised his entire es tate to the former. To an unmarried daughter he entrusted the entire man agement of the estate, confident that she would administer Its affairs com petently and conscientiously. The wife had been his lifelong companion, and was a full and equal partner In his work and its accumulations. Advocates of "woman's rights" in a property sense have cause to honor John Whiteal&r, since he accepted , without reservation the fact of the wife's equality with the husband In the accumulations of their. Joint endeavor. Compulsory arbitration for differences between street railroad companies and their employes was embodied In the new municipal code bill by the Ohio House of Representatives the other day by a vote of 66 to 22, and by a vote of 51 to 31 the House voted to apply this provision to all future regrants of franchises. A Good Temp'erance Drink. Baltimore American. "Is hard cider a temperance drink?" asks the visitor to the farmer, who. is pouring apples Into the cider press., , "It ,1s," says. the farmer,- while a remi niscent smile lilts across his face. "It Is; 1 reckon that after a man sobers ,up oft of hard cider ho is fuller of remorse and readier for the pledge than after surround in' almost any other kind of Joy-pro. ducer." VIEWS OF THE WORLD'S FAIR;; . - j A Gee&dMtsm Selected. . Adams Advance. James H. Haley, of Peaaleton has been ; appointed 6ne! of the Lewis and Clark Fair directors. Mr. Raley te.efce of East- ern Oregon's moat popular cltlsens. ! Standing In the forefront of the legal pro- fission, his fair and courteous treatment of clients has won for hira a most, lucra tive practice and high standing in busi ness and social "drcles- Portland Cannot Dp It All. . Heppner Gazette. To make this fair a success Is a matter of state pride, and to do this, there must be a liberal appropriation. The claim that it ls only for Portland cannot be substantiated by facts If looked at with reason and Judgment. That the great commercial center of Oregon will be bene fited by 'this fair there is no question, but Portland cannot get it all. On ac count of the fair, Oregon will be adver-; tlsed In every state In the Union, in a 'thorough manner, for the first time, in the history of the state. There are thou sand of people who are looking to the West and will be attracted .by the fair and low passenger rates. Every county in the state will get some of the people. The results will bp lasting. People who settlo here will bring others to help de .vftlcp this great country yet In Its Infancy. la $500,000 Enough? Heppner Times. The matter o a legislative appropria tion of $500,000 for the Lewis and Clark Exposition is being commented on exten sively by the state press. The contribu tion of $500,000 by the state ?irould be a very liberal sum. but it will be no more than will be needed to make the centen nial d success, even though Portland con tributes liberally. However, the question of whether profljtble returns will be re ceived from this large Investment .of the taxpayers should be fuv demonstrate"! before the amount Is granted. With plenty of money at hand It would be an. easy matter to give a big show, but with a limited amount of means It will be necessary for the ways and means com mittee, to demonstrate how large the ex position can be made and yield a profit on the labor and capital invested. In other words, can the celebration be made large enough with a state appropriation of ?500, 00 to Justify the expenditure? Too Liberal. Dalles Times-Mountaineer. Several have signified their willing ness to place the amount at half a million dollars, and will vigorously In sist upon such an appropriation. This to us seems out of proportion to the benefits which -the state at large will derive from the exposition. To appropriate $500,000 would be extravagance. According to the 1800 census, the entire population of Ore gon was 413,536; an appropriation of half a million dollars would be over 51 per capita. It Is all very well for legislators to talk about enterprise and enthuse over getting up a big fair to convince the world that Oregon la progressive, but they should remember that when making ap propriations they are giving away other people's money, not their own, therefore should give only such an amount as they believe the people will receive direct ben efit from. If a fair held In Portland .in 1905 would benefit the state. $500,000 In the way of Increasing- its population and commercial- Importance, such an appro priation would not be unreasonable, but it Will not. The benefit to the state at large will be only Indirect. The legisla tor who talks about an appropriation of over; J250.000 is extravagant with the money of which he is made custodian. Don't Reallre Their Responsibilities. Forest Grove Times. The Oregonlan publishes letters from a large number .of members of the-Legislature In regard to making an appropria tion for the Lewis and Clark Exposition. They were uniformly in favor of an ap propriation. Some specified the amount they thought should be given; others were in favor of a "reasonable amount," and others seemed willing to give what ever the exposition directors might ask. The latter gentlemen, in the opinion of the Times, do not seem to realize their responsibilities. It is they, and not the exposition directory, that are the guard ians of the State Treasury. It is natural that the exposition people should ask liberally, knowing that they would not receive more than they ask, and It should be the duty of the legislators to consider carefully what Is the obligation of the state toward this great enterprise. They should see what other states have done In support of similar expositions, and should consider carefully the benefits the state will derive from this one. They should not be niggardly In making an ap propriation, but they should remember that their first duty is to the taxpayer and notto the exposition. No Equivocation Abont This. ' Salem Journal. The country press of Oregon is rather boastful of Its demand for $500,000 for the Portland Expoeitlon at the hands of the taxpayers of Oregon. Members' of the Legislature who vote that recklessly out of the pockets, of the people will never hear the last -of It They call that enterprise and progress, and say it speaks for the upbuilding of all Oregon. They rather sneer at a newspaper that even asks for something In return for such a magnificent bonus to one city. And that city has all Its life fought to keep down every other city in Oregon. What will the average farmer get out of the Portland Exposition, besides higher taxes? Nothing. He can have his pocket picked at the Midway if the legislators leave him anything to get there with. He will not even find hotel room enough to hold him or his family If he goes to the show. He will have to go to Port land prepared to camp, aa the ranchers used to do. when they came to the State Fair in old times. Portland would not hold the crowds that were at the Elks' fair. How will the town hold the crowds that an interna tional exposition will bring them? When they have a fair nowadays they have to lay up the trains on one side of tho Will amette Valley to let the other side In. Exposition a National Affair. Albany Democrat, n In view of the approaching session of the State Legislature, there Is general Interest In what will be done along certain lines, particularly In reference to an ap propriation for the Lewis and Clark Ex position to bo held In 1905. The, sentiment as a rule seems to be in favor of some thing being done, according to the cus tom of states and nations, but there is a decided difference of opinion as to the amount which the state shall spend for this purpose. The sum wanted Is aa much as it takes to run" the whole state government for a year, and it Is very doubtful If so large a sum for a state of the population of Oregon will be satis factoryover $1 for every person in the state. It will undoubtedly be a big thing for Oregon, and the state needs some thing of the kind at this thne to attract the attention of the Eastern people. It is also expected to be a great thing for Portland, in fact It Is in the first place a Portland enterprise, ' though ostensibly a Northwest affair. In a broad sense it is a Nulional affair, commemorating an event of National Importance. It is as much -a Notional affair as the Louisiana Purchase Exposition to be held at St. Louis In 1904, for which the General Gov ernment, has appropriated 55,000,000. Nev ertheless there' is a grave question as to whether a Government Is proceeding with in Its province when It appropriates mon .oy for such purposes, though the custdm i3 a general one. 1 Is done, though, and Oregon will undoubtedly make an appro priation: but, to put it plainly, it must be within our means and not of a. graft character iii the interest of Portland schemers I THE. ARMY AND THE CANTEEN. New York Tiraes. ThdArjny and Navy.Jounaal has sum marised ,the reportfl of the commanding officers 'of several military departments in the United States for the year ending-with June 30. Civilians will turn with special .interest to what the commanding Generals have to say about the operation of the anti-canteen law. This law was pased in opposition to .the great weight of expert oplnldn at tho instigation of people profoundly ignorant of the sub ject, and is keenly resented by a. great majority of officers, serving with troops. General Funston Is more emphatic than 'any of the other commanding officers on this subject. He- assigns, "the deplor able Increase of offenses" in general and of desertions in particular" chiefly to- two causes, one the chafing of soldiers Just returned from field service at the restric tions of garrison life, and the other the abolition of the canteen. "Since .tki3 ac tion was taken," says the commander of the Department of Colorado, "saloons of the lowest type have been established Just outside the boundaries of the various reservations. . . - There can be no reasonable doubt that most of the trials by general court-martial and summary courts, at least -ao far as this department Is concerned, are directly traceable to this cause. Since I have had command here there have taken place the ruin and degradation of. sevqral non-commissioned officers of long service and fine record." General Randall, of the Department of the Columbia, reports: "There was a con siderable Increase over the preceding year In the. ratio of trials by court-martial, to the average of enlisted strength. This is believed to be due in part to the large nuniber" of recruits, but in part also to the abolition of the sale of beer at post 'exchanges." It is true that the Inspector-General of the Department of Dakota does not share these, opinions, and reports that he is "In clined tp the opinion that the abolition of the-beer, feature .In post exchanges has not materially Increased the . number of trials by courts.." But of the consensus of Army opinion In favor of the restoration of the cante.en, as an aid to military dis cipline and efficiency, there can be no question at all. And it Is very greatly to be wished that those who know nothing about the matter would consent to have -It osttled by those who do know some thing, about It. McCall for Free Goal. Chicago Record-Herald, Congressman's. W. McCall has Just re ceived his sixth nomination in the Eighth Congressonal District of Massachusetts, 'which he has served with distinction, fidelity and efficiency. Mr. McCall Is an Independent thinker and courageous man, but there is no evidence that any re spectable portion cf the Republicans of his district are out of sympathy with him. . In his speech to the nominating conven tion Mr. McCall, among other things, declared himself in favor of the imme diate repeal of the duties on coal coming from any part of the world to the United States. In the present emergency, he thought, the surplus fuel of the whole world should, be available for the needs of the- American people, and there should be no tarifTon coal. Mr. McCall went on to say: It would be as preposterous to tax a shipload' of food comins to a starving people, as to im pose a tax' on the fuel necessary during the Winter for the comfort and- health of tho Amer ican fireside, No matter how or when the coal strike is settled, high prices are sure to prevail this Winter. The people of this country villi not stand a duty of 67 cents a -ton. These utterances evoked "tremendous and long-continued applause." The ques tion of protection vs. revenue does not enter Into the matter. When councils are passing resolutions for the purchase, and sale of coal by cities iri the Interest of the poor, when philanthropists hold, meetings tp devise? w'ay3 and means of relieving distress by importing' coal and distributing it at tho Mwest possible prices, the imposition of "a "protective" tax .on fuel must 'strike every reasonable man aa a glaring absurdity. The duty Is small, but It. extends even to anthracite, notwithstanding a provis ion of the Dlngely act ostensibly putting It on the free list. This clause hafe misled ' many well-meaning people, but there la no further excuse for Ignorance of mis representation. The Massachusetts idea launched by Mr. McCall will be approved throughout the United States. A Dangerous Precedent. New York Evening Post. The Financial Chronicle says that the Secretary "has shown great common sense" In this matter, and that his action Is "highly commendable" and Is "a long step to a freer banking system." We cannot think that the avpwed disregard of a law of Congress by aMiIgh public offi cer specially Charged with Its execution Is a light matter, even though the law itself is needless and might better be re pealed. Nor can we consider it a favor able symptom when the most conserva tive and steady-going organ of financial circles gives Its approval to such pro ceedings. It turns out that the new rul ing has not been availed of by the de positary banks In this city. If anywhere. They have been more prudent than the public officials who have been appointed to restrain them. They have been more orderly than those who are expected to keep them in order. But if it had turned out otherwise, If they had expanded their loans and depleted their reserves to the extent allowed by the new rule, tho case would have been no better for the Sec retary, but possibly worse. Secretarr Sharr and Wall Street. Hartford (Conn.) Times. Secretary Shaw gives the money market the biggest boost It has ever received from the Federal Treasury Department by re leasing 520,000,000 of bank reserves and by agreeing to accept other security besides Government bonds for Government loans on deposit with the banks, pn condition that the banks talce out new circulation to the amount of the bonds thus released. A big addition to the bank currency of the country is thus made possible. Thus a marked Innovation is made In the finan cial policy of the United States. But, having exhausted all possible means of "relieving the money market" at this time, what will happen the next time there Is a case of financial colic In Wall street? Shaw's Danfrerons Precedent. Baltimore News. That there was danger of a stock market panic cannot be denied, and the Secre tary's action rescued the market. But If the United States Government is to be looked upon as ready to get stock oper ators out of a hole by resorting to meas ures certainly without precedent and prob ably without warrant In law, where is the limit of expectation to be drawn? Will not the natural checks to recklessness be relaxed mpre than ever If a vague reli ance upon Government rescue at the eleventh nour is encouraged, as it Is by such proceedings as thege? Operators Turn Sympathy to Miners. Charleston News and Courier. The failure of the President's plans and the pro-announced determination of the operators not to 2gree to any basis of settlement that might be proposed at the White House conference as a means ol making the strikers yield will make an unfavorable impression as to the oper ators, who are straining the public pa tience to the breaking point. And the public, which Is going over to the miners, can take care of Itself when this point Is passed far better than the coal oper ators. Baer Anticipated. . Pittsburg Dispatch. ' Baer Is regarded as unique, but he is not entirely original. A century and a hair ago Dr. Johnson defined a tenantry as people "over whom the proprietor was placed by Providence." . Vnoteand comment '. ; " The Drama Rewritten. Now sweetheart, let us put old Omar by. This extra log we will indulge tonight, Turn the ilghtVlow and let the flames leap high, Your hand In mine, o; with the dancing. 1IE.UL. - . At play upon your dear, sweet face while I Gather some .fairy fancies, sad and b'rlght j In this old head, with fifty Winters white. You know the fairy that so often came' when I was thlrty-nve and you were ten, To prophesy of love and wealth and fame? Well, last night, who should come but she again. While I sat here without you by this flame, Chldc'd poor me that you were gone, and then Said that we three should make the world again; Righting Its wrongs and setting all things fair. My plan is In the .rough, and you shall ' hear. First, I would rescue Pan from thralldom, where' Custom hath "bound him. Next, for good, old Lear Provide good daughters. Hamlet, then, shall wear The crown of Denmark, with Ophelia dear. Close Jy his side, and none to make them fear. CamiHe shall wed with Armand in her pure And Innocent girlhood. Claude Melnotte shall be- Of Pauline's' station; and the jealous Moor Never cross Desdemona's path, for she Shall be in brave Mercutlo's love secure; And Cleopatra shall, a virgin free, Bestow her lawful love on Antony. Lady Macbeth was born to he a Queen Give hcru throne with Richard III to . share," And make him true as brave, with come ly mien. Portia shall mate with Hotspur, good and fair; Prospero ne'er meet with Caliban unclean; Tybault and Capulet a truce shall swear. And happy wedlock join "the immortal pair. No longer shall the ;bad excel In brains. No longer shall the good grow weak and old. Shylock shall have his ducats for his pains. And Gaspard revel in well-gotten gold; And Paolo lead adown Ravenna's lanes His wife, Francesca", In the sunset - light The hearth is cold, sweetheart, and so goodnight! We need good roads to balance all tho bad drivers. Mr. Morgan seems just to have heard of the. coal strike. Maybe It was the white automobile, and -not a comet at all. The greatest need of the moral wave is a coat of whitewash. . The coal trust evidently didn't know that Governor Odell wa3 loaded. Well, there's one consolation, the lea trust doesn't have anything to say. ' Baseball bossed by the box-office is not .always satisfactory from the specta tor's point of view. Less .advice, and better ballplayipg might have-'' helped" 'Seattle a;-n'6tqh' or more nearer that pennant. Well, why shouldn't the voters have a word' or two to say about that 5500,000 appropriation? We're a $500,000 people. There seems to bo a slight misunder standing between Congressman Cushman and his personally arranged Republican platform. Now Is the time for the operators to get in and corner the coal supply In their future abode. The devil has just been burned in Portland. With only 530,1X30,000 or 540,000,000 on hand as the fruits of a frugal life.' Uncle Russell Sage betrays surprising want of prudence when he retires in the teeth of a coalless winter. George F. Baer, most bellicose of the mine owners at the recent conference In the White House, has a war record of which he has some reason. to be proud. He was the youngest Captain and later the youngest Major In tho Army of tho Potomac during the Civil War, having been 'commissioned to the former grada before his 20th birthday. Mr. Baer Is considerably the youngest looking of the coal operators who attended the confer ence. He leads an active life, getting up every morning at 6 o'clock and walking miles dally before retiring at night. One of Senator "Billy" Mason's stories is about two of his brothers, Ed and Jim, who dealt In wool at their home In Iowa. Jim went to a. revival meeting (unthinkingly, the Senator says) and "got religion." In his first burst of enthu siasm he told his brother of how much better he felt since his conversion and urged Ed to come into the fold. Th9 latter pondered gravely for a time and then said: "Ain't any doubt but what religion is a good thing and I'm glad you've got It, Jim, but I guess you better let me alone Just now," he continued, re flectively. "You see, Jim, one of us has got to weigh the wool." PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS "She says she married her husband to re form him." "Of -what?" "Of the idea that ho couldn't live without her."-Judge. So Edythe refused her first offer?" "Yes. She said it was In the nature of a sacrifice hit to save her older, sister." Brooklyn Life; r "He's quite a star as an after-dinner speak er isn't he?" "Star? He's a regular moon. He becomes brighter the fuller ho gets," Philadelphia Pres3. , Bertie Are we any kin to-chlckens? Gertia Of course not: we're people. Bertie Well Uncle Harry says papa was a mighty bad ess when he was young. Town and Country. Scratcher Brown yonder makes fun of my printed Jokes, the rascal! Fair Friend Ras cal? Why, I should think anybody who could, make fun of your Jokes ought to be called your best friend: Chicago Dally News. Visiting Relative For the land's sake, CarV line, can't you afford a good hired girl? Mra. Highmore Afford it. Aunt Rachel? We can afford to hire an angel? All we want Is the opportunity. Chicago Tribune. "What. is that strange-looking machine Pot tery works so hard on?" asked the Commuter, of Surburba. "Well." replied Surburba, "ha Isn't quite sure. yet. He began It for an automobile, but.lt has blown up so frequently that he has begun to think it will vmake a better flying machine." Cincinnati Commer cial Tribune. "I never understood why they called .it angel cake." "Simple as peach pie, man. They call it angel-cak because well, for the same reason they call the railroad the New Yorrk Central." "I don't tumble." "Why. the railroad takes you to New York." Bal timore News. His Pound of Flesh. Financier (tenant of our forest, after a week's unsuccessful stalk ing) Now, look here, my man. I bought and paid for 10 stags. If the brutes can't bo Bhot. you'll have to trap them!" I've promised 'the venison, and I mean to have It! Pugch.