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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 23, 1902)
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, SATURDAY, "AUGUST 23, 1902, Entered at the Postoffiee t Portland. Oregon, as jsecond-class matter. REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. , . By Mall (postage prepaid, In Advance) Dally, -with Sunday, per month..... $ '85 Dally, Sunday excepted, per year.......... 7 50 Dally, with Sunday, per year 0 00 Sunday, per year 2 00 The "Weekly, per year 1 50 Tho Weekly. 3 months 60 To City Subscribers Dally, per week, delivered, Sunday excc?ted.l5c Dally, per week, delivered, Sundays included.20c POSTAGE BATES. United States, Canada and Mexico: 10 to 14-page paper .........lc 14 to 25-page paper ............ ..-2c Foreign rates double. lews or discussion Intended for publication In The Oregonlan should be addressed Invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan." not to the name of any Individual. letters relating to adver tising, subscriptions or to any business matter ebould be addressed simply "The Orezorilan." Eastern Business Office, 43, 44, 45, -47, 4S. 40 Tribune building. New Tnric City; 510-11-12 Tribune building. Chicago; the S. C. Beckwlth Special Agency. Eastern representative. For sale In San Francisco by L. E. Lee. Pal ace Hotel news stand; Goldsmith Bros., 230 Sutter street: F. W. Pitts, 1008 Market street; J. K. Cooper Co.. 71G Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear, Ferry news tand; Frank Scott. SO Ellis street, and 2. tWheatley, SIS Mission street. 1 For sale in Los Angeles by B. F. Gartner. 559 South Spring street, and" Oliver & Haines, .205 South Spring street. For sale In Kansas City. Mo., by Rlcksecker Cigar Co., JJinth and "Walnut streets. For sale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co.. 217 Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald, M Washington street. For sale In Omaha by Barkalow Bros., 101 Farnam street; Mrgcath Stationers' Co.. 1303 Farnam street. For sate In Salt Lake by the Salt Lake ews Co., 77 West Second South street. For sale in Minneapolis by R. G. Hearsey & Co.. 24 Third street South. For sale in Washington. D. C. by tho Ebbett House news etand. For sale In Denver. Colo., by Hamlltox & Kendrick. 900-912 Seventeenth street; Louthan & Jackson Book & Stationers' Co.. 15th and Lawrence streets; A. Series, Sixteenth and Curtis streets. , TODAY'S WEATHER Fair, with nearly sta tionary temperature; westerly winds. YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem perature, SC; minimum temperature, 55; pre cipitation, none. PORTLAND, FRIDAY, AUG. 22, 1002. GOOD FOR IDAHO. Idaho Republicans will hear from their outspoken and advanced utterance on the tariff. "We reproduce It: Many of the Industries of this country have outgrown tholr. Infancy, and the American manufacturer has entered the markets of tho world, and Is successfully competing with the manufacturers of all other countries. We, therefore, favor a revision of the tariff with out unreasonable delay, which will place upon tho free list every article and product con trolled by any monopoly, and such other arti cles and products as are beyond the need of protection. There is no mistaking the meaning of this utterance. It serves the plainest kind of notice upon the protected trusts and their defenders that Republican eentiment, in Idaho at least, and by inference in the far West as a whole, does not regard the tariff as a sacro sanct affair, but as a means to an end, . alterable and adaptable to the changing needs of advancing, time. Let us emphasize the further fact that Idaho is -not alone In this statement. This Boise utterance is in perfect keepr ing with the platforms of August, July and June. It Is even foreshadowed In the Oregon declaration put on record in Portland almost five months ago limit ing the demand for protection to "nec essary cases of Industries still in their Infancy, or unable to compete with for eign products." In another column on this page we reproduce extracts from this year's Republican platforms. Strik ing in the direction of tariff reform are the utterances of Vermont, Iowa and Minnesota. Every utterance In favor of- the Pres ident's Cuban policy is cogent for tariff reform, because It breaks away at once from the tradition of tariff sanctity, in whose sign the Cuban relief bill was opposed. If lower tariffs on Cuban Im ports are good for this country, so are lower tariffs on European or Asiatic imports. In the universal approval of Cuban reciprocity there Is recognition of the tariff reduction aspect of reci procity which gives to that doctrine its advantageous bearing on our industries, and especially that feature of It which looks to the abandonment of "duties no longer needed," contemplated at St. Louie in 1896 and distinctly enunciated by McKinley at Buffalo. The tariff was made for man, not man for the tariff. It Is not an ideal or a principle, but a bundle of schedules on yards, pounds and articles, to be In telligently and prosaically adjusted from time to time, with consideration to production, foreign supply and do mestic demand, factories' exigencies and treasury's needs. At It best it Is a plain, simple, practical instrument of common-sense statesmanship. It be comes a principle only when It Is exalt ed to the place of an Idol, and then It is a principle both vicious and mischiev ous. , Idaho has set an example which older and more pretentious states may follow with profit and credit. Repub lican state conventions that are yet to come may well take the Idaho platform for a text. The advance it records upon the pioneer utterance of Oregon in April is abundantly justified by the proceed ings of Congress and the growth of pub lic opinion. The country looks to the Republican party to reform the tariff. No other party can be trusted to per form either this or any other task that confronts the Nation. NATIONALIZING COAL MINES. The New England Homestead Indorses the suggestion that nationalizing the coal mines would be the best ?ay to prevent strikes among ' miners. The eame paper is disposed to subscribe to tthe doctrine of national ownership, con trol and operation of telephone and telegraphs. The" Federal Government has already begun the work of nation alizing the water supply for Irrigation purposes in the so-called arid Yest. The Homestead asks. If irrigation is to be nationalized, why not coal, telegraph and telephone, and admits that It may be the only remedy for existing abuses in the railroad business. "We have recited these remarkable sentiments of. a very conservative New England publication In proof of the opinion that the great coal strikes and the great trusts and combinations are doing more to foster the sentiment of nationalization than any amount of ab stract discussion of these themes. The Social Democratic party in Its platform adopted at Indianapolis, March 7, 1900, demanded among other things the pub lic ownership of all railroads, tele graphs, telephones; all means of trans portation and communication; all water works, gas and electric plants, and the public ownership of all gold, silver, lead, iron and coal mines. This platform only obtained about S4.000 votes in 1200, a no yet teday a conservative New Eng land publication that has no part or lot" with the Socialist Democracy is dis posed to think that nationalization of coal mines, telegraphs, telephones and perhaps of railroads would be the best remedy for the present situation. One thing is certain, and that Is that If the American people once believe that It would be expedient as a matter of National welfare to do any of these things they will be done without, any regard to" the outcry of the minority that we are playing with fire when we accept any of the reforms urged by the Socialist Democracy. "We shall never accept any hard and fast theory of so cialism in government, but we shall not be afraid to do what Is expedient for the public welfare, whether it remotely smacks of socialism or not. "We are an Intensely practical people, and the test we apply to everything is whether It is expedient and not in violation with our Constitution and laws. The Govern ment carries the malls because It be lieves it expedient to do so; it does not control the telegraph, as Is done In Eng land, because It has not hitherto deemed It expedient. Railroads and other im portant public utilities our Government has not touched because It has deemed It Inexpedient; but new emergencies not seldom compel the adoption of new poli cies, and the reforms approved by the New England Homestead may yet come to pass. THE FAIR MILLIONS. Not least among the interests of the tragedy by which Charley Fair, of San Francisco, and his wife lost their lives ! is the scramble which actual and possi ble' heirs are making for the estate. The property Is very large, being a one third part of the Immense estate left by Senator Fair, the bonanza miner, at his death some seevn or eight years ago, in value anywhere from $10,000,000 to $20,000,000. The younger Fair had no children, and his natural heirs are two sisters, both of whom, already vastly wealthy, live In New York. Hla wife, whose antecedents nobody knew j anything about until the tragedy of two ; weeks ago brought her family to light, j It appears, belonged to a large connec- j tlon which Is preparing to make a light j In the courts upon the theory that Fair's j death occurred first. To prove this con tention will manifestly be Impossible, which no doubt is understood, but by Initiating and keeping up a contest they ; will be in a position where they will ; be able to demand and probably will receive a large price In the way of "compromise." This was the course of Mrs. Craven, who made a contest for a large share in the estate of Senator Fair under the allegation of a secret mar riage, and In the end she came off with a fortune In the form of a "compromise',' fee. Young Mrs. Fair's family, under the advice of their lawyers, who pre- j sumably will share with them, are play ing the same game. It was supposed that Charley Fair left a will, but diligent search has thus far failed to find if. The will of Mrs. Fair has been found, 'and In It she dis poses of her private estate, some 5300,000. giving about one-third of It to her own people and leaving the balance to her husband; and In connection with ' the probate of this will a compromise has been proposed by Mr. Fair's sisters. Their offer Is that if Mrs. Fair's famlly wlll abandon the effort to share In Mr. Fair's estate, they (the Fair sisters) will make over to them the whole of Mrs. Fair's private estate, to part of which under the will they have at least a fighting claim. In other words, the family of Mrs. Fair can have the whole of her property without contest If they will relinquish all claim to Mr. Fair's property. A curious thing about this proposal Is that It is permitted to be made in connection with formal proceedings of court, the theory being apparently that the claimants to the estate are the only partles concerned in the distribution of the property. There is apparently- no recognition of the duty of the court to carry out the will of the deceased per son; no assumption of an authority In the will greater than the authority of those who are or who may claim to be heirs to the estate. This has long been the practice of Cali fornia courts In dealing with estates, growing, no doubt, out of many in-' stances of contest and the habit of set tlement by compromise. It is, howev, a most vicious practice, utterly regard less of the purpose for which wills are made, and which it is the duty of the courts to safeguard, and leading nat urally to grave abuses. A court has something more to con sider than the interests of heirs and to ratify such bargains as they may choose to make among themselves. It Is the business of the court to determine, first, the will of the dead person, and, sec ond, to distribute the estate In accord ance with that will, and it is a plain abdication of authority and an aban donment of duty to permit heirs or claimants to arrange by private bargain as to what disposition shall be made of property In which they have or may have a common interest. It Is an act of gross Injustice to the dead to permit his will to be set aside or modified by a private agreement. And If this is to be the rule under the practice of courts, a man with property would bet ter abdicate the will-making function and leave the disposition of his estate to a wrangling committee of his heirs, subject to whatever Influence fraudulent claimants may choose to assert and prosecute. RECLAMATION OF ARID LANDS. If the man who makes two blades of grass grow where one grew before is a benefactor of his age and race, what may be said of the beneficence of a power that, extending over vast areas of arid lands, paves the way for thou sands of homes? This, 'In the judgment of men who have given close attention to the matter, is what Congress has done In the enactment of the Irrigation law "the new homestead law," as It is called by means of which the wilder ness. literally speaking, may be made to blossom as the rose. This law was formed In the Interest of the homebullder. Hedged In and about by conditions the purpose of which Is to shut the speculator and land-grabber out and off the public do main, it makes for the homesteader terms so reasonable and conditions so attractive as to engage the attention of thrift and open to agriculture new and vast possibilities. A scheme so stupendous as that the purposa of which Is to reclaim, under economical and practical processes, the vast country that half a century ago was vaguely known as the "Great American Desert," is,cne to command at once wonder .arid admiration. More than this. It Is one to enlist In Its ser vice the most careful engineering skill and to open up to practical. Industrious thousands coveted opportunity to have, to hold and to maintain homss of their own. - The development of the country through the Individual Is made possible by the law. The syndicate has neither place nor lot in the scheme. The old est of professions that of tilling the soil Is to be encouraged ad promoted by It. Its possibilities deal with far away years; its ppwer is far-reaching, yet It is in touch, If not with the pres ent, at least' with the near future. ' To store up and distribute water as it Is needed; equitably and In sufficient sup ply to make arid lands, properly se questered or entered, fertile. Is the pur pose of the new homestead law. The scheme Is a simple one, yet elaborate; comprehensive yet strong In detail. Car ried out with Intelligence and fidelity. It cannot fall to be widely beneficial. UNEQ.UAL TO THE SITUATION. The death of General Franz Slgel leaves but few survivors among the for eign officers of military education and service who sought employment In the armies of the Union during the Civil War. There officers were eagerly Wel comed by our Government, for, outside" our own little regular Army of about 10,000 men, we had no educated soldiers and the South had carried off a very large proportion of the most eminent graduates of West Point. With thou sands of untrained men In the field our Government naturally was glad to secure the services of officers who were graduates of foreign military schools and who had seen considerable service In the field, some In the Crimean "War, some in the Hungarian Revolution and some In the German Revolution of 1S4S in Baden. These foreign officers were promptly given regiments and were son made Brigadier and Major-Generals, but with few exceptions they all proved failures in the field. General Fremont had a passion for these fel lowa He had Generals Asboth, Sigel and Cluseret under him. Cluseret had received a fine military education In the military school at Paris, and had seen service, but he proved utterly worth less and afterwards rose to doubtful fame as one of the Generals of the Paris Commune. Asboth, who had been a cuirassier In the Hungarian Revolution, was a man of splendid courage, a daring trooper, always ready to lead a reckless charge, but not fit for command. Blenker was soon relieved of command. Sigel and Schurz won no fame in Virginia. Max "Weber was a brave man without ca pacity for higher command than a regi ment Stahel and Steinwehr were re spectable soldiers. Prince Salm Salm, Kryzanowskl and Schoopf were medloc rltlea Colonel Percy Wyndham was an English military . adventurer who was fitter- to follow the hounds after a fox than to command a cavalry regiment In a fight General Turchln, a Russian soldier of scientific education and Cri mean service, marred his usefulness by his lawlessness and Insubordination. "With the exception of General Oster haus and General De Trobrland, the educated foreign officers who entered our Army were of small value, not be cause they were not brave, but because their European military training did not fit them for the very different field and circumstances of our conflict. There were a host of Germans who entered our Army unfettered by any previous foreign military -education or experi ence and made excellent soldiers, be cause they had grown up with the coun try and knew how to adapt themselves to new and strange circumstances. The foreign officers who entered the Confederate Army did not make any better showing. General Hennlngsen, a distinguished Hungarian officer, com manded a brigade at Richmond for a short time, but, despite his fame as an able artillery officer, never won any dis tinction and soon resigned. Several Prussian army officers served in Lee's army,' but won no fame. These for eign officers all flocked to this country expecting to instruct our raw levies In the nrt of war, but they soon found out that the military situation was not identical with that of their European experiencca Braddock. who had fought at Minden, had to learn the art of war In America from Colonel George Wash ington, and Howe, who had fought un der Wolfe at Quebec, was repulsed at Bunker Hill by an intrenched lirie of farmers, while Pakenham.who broke the French line at Salamanca, was repulsed by the deadly lire of Kentucky and Tennessee riflemen. Scientific European soldiers have never won any fame on American battle-fields. This has been true since the days of the Revolution down to our Civil War. The late Jean de Bloch, in his "The Future of War," whose last volume has just been published, maintains that the fundamental change in the conditions of war came In with the American Civil War. He holds thai It was settled once for all by the American Civil War that the alleged superiority of disciplined armies over voluntary troops amounts to nothing; that the ordinary military training is valueless In preparing for modern warfare. Cavalry has become useless, for as far back as our Civil War cavalry were fought chiefly as mounted riflemen. M. Bloch says that "soldiers today cannot be compacted, but must spread apart, and each must rely on himself as never before. One man In defense is a match for ten In offense; the methods of guerrilla war fare become more and more common and necessary, and the civilian soldier, the simple volunteer, .is as good as the regular, and often better." This Is the lesson of the Boer War, and It was foreshadowed in our Civil War before the days of Improved magazine rifles, cannon and smokeless powder. The foreign officers who joined our armies in 1861 didn't have to meet a changed situation in matter of arms, but they did have to meet an entirely different field, a country where legiti mate use of cavalry was impossible, where there were no fine roads such as are common in Europe, where there were heavy forests and- trackless swamps, a country where Infantry com manders were wanted rather than dash ing cavalrymen and scientific artiller ists. It appears to be the fate of Mr. Cjmrles Schwab, president of the Amer ican Steel Company, to serve as an "example" In one form or atfother for the emulation or the warning of his fellow-citizens. Only a little while back he stood as the bright particular star of commercial success, pointing to the way by which American youth may climb from obscurity and poverty to distinc tion and wealth. Beginning life as the driver of a mall wagon over a moun tain road In Pennsylvania, entering early Into the employ of the Carnegie Company, rising from one degree to another through the trust of his em ployers and the force of Industry and ability, to the presidency of the great est business organization in the world. he appeared a very pattern of the self made and the well-made man. But sud denly this pattern man has gone wrong, either mentally or physically, or both. Just what the matter Is nobody seems able to define. As one paper puts It ! "vulgarly he Is played out; scientific ally he has neurasthenia; popularly he has nervous prostration; jocularly he has Amerlcanitls. " But whatever the matter may be, he now stands as a painful example, of a man who, In an eager and sordid race for wealth, has sacrificed his health and possibly his mind, a man who has, In fact, commit ted suicide If not something worse for a money prize. What the next phase of Mr. Schwab's" career may develop of course nobody can say. but It Is not to be doubted that In one way or another It will be in keeping with his character for public "example." Possibly he will die, illustrating the folly of going from home when one is sick; possibly he may regain his health and thereby demon strate the prudence of quitting work before it is too late. Nothing that he can do or fail to do can relieve him of the responsibility of standing before his country as an ''example." j Political defenders of the trusts are In profound error If they Imagine that the sane thought of the business world la with them. Here is so conservative and representative a commercial paper as tho New York Journal of Commerce offering this solution of the problem: 1. Protect competition as the most effective preventive of monopoly. 2. Reduce the tariff to a moderate revenue basis, especially on products dominated by large corporations. 8. Reform state corporation laws which now permit one state to openly defeat the laws of another state, doing elsewhere acts unlawful within Its own borders. 4. Reform legislation permitting monopolies based upon patents and public franchises. 5. Secure reasonable publicity In the affairs of large corporations. 6. Secure National laws against Actional capitalization of corporations. 7. Establish Government supervision of real or National monopolies. 8. Enact such laws as may be necessary to protect small rivals from unjust competition. 0. Compel public officers to a stricter en forcement, of Misting laws against restraint of trade. 10. Oppofo vigorously-all legislation leaning toward public ownership; preferring Govern ment supervision as safer and more efficient than socialistic control. No organ of public opinion Is more closely In touch with the business world than the Journal of Commerce. It would not talk this way about trusts If they were commercially regarded as "necessary evolutions," "inevitable out growth," etc., to the extent their apolo gists deceive themselves Into believing. The promotion, underwriting and ma nipulation of trusts Involve a very small portion of the solid men of the country. Leading members of the Union Vet erans' Union, which holds Its annual encampment In Washington next Octo-, ber simultaneously with that of the G. A. R., have declared their Intention of making the organization a formidable power in politics. General Dryenforth, the commander-in-chief of the Union, thinks that It could control 6,000,000 votes every general election, and could easily hold the balance of power be tween the two great political parties. The plan Is to adopt an amendment to tho Union's constitution admitting to full membership the sons and grand sons of Civil War veterans, and admit ting sons-in-law, younger brothers and nephews as honorary members. Gen eral Dryenfojrth has Issued a circular which Is to be distributed among the old soldiers all over the country- This circular, among other things, says that with "even one-half of the living vet erans today In our ranks we could con trol almost every election and force every politician, from President down, to recognize the Unlcn veteran, who would be the subject of admiring solici tude as long as he Uvea" General Dry enforth Is clearly an old fool. The Union veteran Is already a "subject of admiring solicitude" to the amount of about 5150,000,000 annually. It's all right, except the assumption that the veteran Is neglected now. It Is pertinent to recall at this time the utterance of the St Louis conven tion of 1896. viz: Wc believe the repeal of tho reciprocity ar rangements negotiated by the last Republican Administration was a National calamity, and wc demand their renewal and extension on such terms as will equalize our trade with other countries, remove the restrictions which now obstruct the sale of American products In the ports of other countries, and secure en larged markets for the products of our farms, forests and factories. Protection and reci procity are twin measures of Republican party policy, and go hand In hand. Democratic rule has recklessly struck down both, and both must be re-established. Protection for what wa produce, free admission for the necessa ries of life which wo do not produce, recip rocal agreements of mutual Interests which gain open markets for us In return for our open markets to others. Protection builds up domestic Industry and trade and secures our own market for ourselves. Reciprocity builds up foreign trade and finds an outlet for our surplus. Free trade In some products and lower duties on others through reciprocity are expressly authorized by this declaration; of Republican principles, of the very highest authority, and noy six years old. The extreme protectionists and "insurgents" in Congress are six years behind the times. It does not take the counties long to discontinue paying coyote bounties when the money must come out of the county treasury. So long as the state fund or any other distant source of financial supply holds out, the county authorities are as eager as the scalp hunters to get the money. But when the expense begins to come home to roost, the burden is at once detected and an end is put to it v . F. B. Thurber gets a pretty direct answer to his plea for the truEts at St Paul. The Trans-Mississippi Congress Is really under obligations to him for having afforded It the occasion of so cogent a declaration. But . whoever hired him for the Job Is sadly out and Injured. This Is the season of the year and Portland Is a good place to begin to get rid of the surplus dogs. And nine-tenths of the dog's In cities are clear surplus age. If not worse. Mrs. Fair's heirs seem amicably dis posed enough now, but wait till they have learned their real sentiments from their lawyers. ' Divlnn Commcdio. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. . Oft have I seen, at some cathedral door, A laborer, pausing In the dust and heat. Lay down his burden, and with reverent feet Enter, and cross himself, and on the floor Kneel to repeat his paternoster o'er; Far oft the noises of the world, retreat; The loud vociferations of tho "street Become an undlstlnguisbablo roar. So. as I enter brro from day to day. And lcav6 my burden at- this minster gate. Kneeling In prayer, and not ashamed to pray. The tumult of the time disconsolate To Inarticulate murmurs dies away. While the eternal ages watch and wait TARIFF IX 1902 PLATFORMS. MISSOURI REPUBLICANS. We approve the policy of President Roosevelt respecting our trade relations with Cuba. OREGON REPUBLICANS. We reaffirm our allegiance to the princi ples of protection in necessary cases of industries still in their Infancy or unable to compete with foreign products. NEBRASKA REPUBLICANS. . We heartily indorse the Administration of President Theodore Roosevelt We es pecially commend the justice and wisdom of his reciprocity policy with Cuba, as em bodied In his message to Congress. IOWA REPUBLICANS. We -favor such changes in the tariff from time to time as become advisable through the progress of our Industries nnd thsir changng relation.-? to the commerce of the world. We indorse the policy of reciproc ity as the natural complement of protec tion, and urge its development as neces sary to the realization of our highest com mercial possibilities. OHIO REPUBLICANS. It Is due alike to Cuba and to ourselves that In accordance with the Republican principle of reciprocity, proper and rea sonable trade concessions shall be made by our Government to Cuba. In return for her concessions upon American products, so as to benefit the trade of both coun tries, and to fully and generously carry out every obligation of our National honor, whether expressed or implied. KANSAS REPUBLICANS. We indorse the recommendation of President Roosevelt that the United States should enter into just and liberal reciprocal trade relations with the Re public of Cuba, and we look to a Republi can Congress to establish these relations on such terms that the benefits arising therefrom will go to the people of Cuba and to the people of the United States, thus reculting In mutual advantage and good wilt IDAHO REPUBLICANS. Many of the Industries of this country have outgrown their infancy, and the American manufacturer has entered the markets of the world and Is successfully competing with the manufacturers of all other countries. We therefore favor a re vision of the tariff without unreasonable delay, which will place upon the free list every article and product controlled by any monopoly, and such other articles and products as are beyond the need of pro tection. VERMONT REPUBLICANS. We heartH" approve reciprocity as rec ommended by President Roosevelt; we be lieve that the urgent demand of the ex pansion of our export trade, In. view of our enormous and ever Increasing pro ductive and industrial capacity, impera tively requires enlarged reciprocal trade arrangements, and that such result may be secured without serious Impairment of our protective system. That most saga clous statesman. James G. Blaine, early foresaw this, and President McKinley. In his last public utterance at Buffalo, gave emphatic utterance In favor of this prin ciple. International commerce on any large scale must be two-sided. By the condi tions which wc Impose upon Cuban inde pendence we make her In no small sense our ward, and are therefore bound in hon or to give her opportunity to develop her natural resources by which alone can she maintain her separate Independence. - MINNESOTA REPUBLICANS. We favor such modification In our tar iff schedule as Is now or may be from time to time required by changing con ditions to remove any burdens from our people, and to hold and extend our trade among the nations. We heartily favor the wider extension of our markets for tho sale of American products. To this end we Indorse the pol icy of reciprocity as defined by President Roosevelt In his annual message to the 5Sth Congress, and as defined by our la mented President McKinley in his last utterance to the American people at Buf falo. We favor reciprocity with Cuba, urged by President Roosevelt, by a plan which shall Insure the profitable interchange of commodities. Inure to the advantage of both nations, help the Cuban people need ing assistance, but the chief benefits of which shall not enrich trusts, monopolies or foreign speculators, or which shall not Interrupt our home production. NORTHERN PACIFIC'S PLAN. Portland Harbor la None Too Large as It Is. PORTLAND. Aug. 22. (To the Editor.) Tour timely protest of yesterday against another bridge across the Willamette at the head of Swan Island 1b commended. The Northern Pacific could make no more absurd proposition, if it absolutely de sired to bottle up Portland In favor of some other port I am surprised that the commercial bodies.. Chamber of Com merce and Board of Trade, have taken no notice of it The Northern Pacific can easily make ar-rangemonts with the O. R. & N. Com pany to come from Vancouver over tho St Johns spur of yiat road. Supposo it is three miles further, a sllghth incon venience, is that of more importance than a convenient and open harbor? Every ship runs more or less risk in passing through a drawbridge. Some years since our people defeated the building of the Alblna bridge and gave us a free ferry Instead. It was then determined that our harbor was none too large and that no additional bridges should be built below the steel bridge. That i3 still the determination of the citizens of Portland. PROPERTY HOLDER, Secretary Hay'si Big Flat. Washington Times. Workmen have progressed rapidly In the demolition of the dozen houses occupying tho site of the big apartment house to be erected by Secretary Hay. These proper ties were purchased at Intervals for two years past The structure will be one of the finest of its kind tn the East The cost will be more than $1,000,000 for the building alone, which Is to be known as Stoneleigh court, named in honor of Mrs. Hay, whose maid en name was Stone. The building will occupy the northwest third of the irregu larly shaped block bounded by Connecticut avenue, K street, L street and Seventeenth street northwest. To .the north the build ing will overlook the grounds of the Academy of the Visitation. How Humidity Affects One Profession Chicago Tribune. Noiselessly, but with all his might the burglar tugged at the bureau drawer. In vain. It refused to open. He tugged again. "Give it another jerk," said a voice be hind him. The burglar turned. The owner of the house was sitting up in bed and looking at him with an expres sion of the deepest interest on his face. "Jerk it again. There's a lot of valu able property In that drawer, but wc haven't been able to open It since the damp weather began. If you can pull It out I'll give you a handsome royalty on everything that's' But the burglar had jumped out through the wlndo.w taking a part of the sash with him. NORTHWARD THE STAR OF EMPIRE Minneapolis Tribune. The westward trend of settlement on this continent must come, to a halt on the Pacific Coast Beyond there are Islands of the sea, and Asia, but those lands arc already filled with teeming populations. There Is yet a considerable area of open apace to fill up In the Interior of the con tinent. Here population will gradually thicken but the large migration Is al- j ready sheering off toward the north. There are vast uninhabited tracts reach ing to the arctic seas. Time was when most of thi3 was regarded as too cold In climate for the occupation of civilized man, but opinion upon this subject has rapidly" changed in the past few years. It has been discovered that there are fine wheat lands in far-off Athabasca, and the vallev of the Saskatchewan is exploited as a veritable garden. When .he Canadian Pacific Railway was undertaken there was much prophecy to the effect that it could never be main tained except by Government subsidy, as the land in the far northern region through which It must pass would not sustain a population dense enough to make Its business profitable. Everybody knows how these predictions have been falsified. Tho Canadian Pacific is already doing a profitable business, and there Is more traffic in sight In the not distant future, than It will be able to handle. Al ready there is talk of another transconti nental line north of the Canadian Pacific. The projected route Is from Port Simp son, ou the Pacific, through the Pine or Peace River district in Athabasca, thence southward across the northeastern corner of Saskatchewan, passing north of Lake Winnipeg, through the district of Kecwa tln and Northern Ontario to Mooso Fac tory, on James Bay, through Northern Quebec to Chlcoutimi, with extensions to Montreal and Quebec, and branches to Winnipeg and Toronto. It is not to be supposed that this road will be built without aid from the Cana dian Government, but the enterprise and courage that put through the Canadian Pacific in the days of little general faith In it, may suffice for this. To the Ameri cans and other settlers who are rushing Into the far Canadian Northwest, addi tional railroad facilities will be a neces sity to enable them to market their sur plus crops at a profit. Tho American Im migration is no doubt what has led to the conception of the plan outlined above. Thus American enterprise Is helping to push the star of empire northward. We may regret that it cannot find sufficient expansion and tempting field of operation under the Stars and Stripes; but we may console ourselves with the thought that the Greater Canada that Is to be built up In the Northwest Territory will one day be drawn all the more strongly to its southern neighbor by this Influx of Ameri can blood, brains and brawn. x MARK TWAIN ABROAD. No one, certainly no American, la better known abroad than Mark Twain. Wher ever one goes he is almost certain to hear some reference to the humorist. At Colombo I was viewing the sights from a carriage when I was startled at hearing a young beggar behind me call out: "Hello, Papa! Wiiere've you been, Papa? Mother Is hungry and wants some money. Papa." My alarm quickly subsided, how ever, when I realized that It was- a case of mistaken identity, and recognized Mark Twain's handiwork in the salutation. As the steamer pulled out from Colombo, one of the lady passengers, pointing to the tall cocoanut trees along the shore, re marked: "Now we can see how apt was Mark Twain's description of the cocoanut trees as 'feather dusters struck by light, nlng.' " In the Towers of Silence, In Bombay, I made some remark to the old siarsee who was doing the honors, and he turned quickly, his face wreathed in smiles and his fat sides (he was fat for a parsee) shaking with mirth, exclaiming: "Have you read what Mark Twain said about the. Towers of Silence?" At the great pyramid the Arabs begged to be allowed to show me how Mark Twain was taken by them to the top, and (may the Lord forgive him for It!) they did get me half way up. And so it was everywhere. If a hotel had a library. Mark Twain was there. My guide to Vesuvius had taken up Mark and the Prince of Wales. Mark came first At Pompeii and at Rome my guides had been Mark Twain'g guides. If it was any one else I would say, judging., by what I have seen of these people, that it must have cost him an enormous sum in tips to have his memory held in such high esteem. However it Is, it is certain that he has left his mark at every place one visits, and It is Just as certain that this was accomplished solely by the merit of his writing. R. M. S. Portland, Aug. 20. PERSONS WORTH KNOWING ABOUT. John Reardon. recently dismissed from the position of Police Captain of New Tork by Commissioner Partridge, has brought suit in the Supreme Court for reinstatement. He al leges that his trial was unfair and hla dis missal unjust. The library of Washington and Lee Uni versity has recently been enriched by a number of valuable books and documents contributed by R. Underwood Johnson, associate editor of the Century Magazine, who Is an alumnus of the Institution. , Tom Watson, the eccentric ex-Congressman, offers 1000 for proof that he was not the fa ther of free rural mall delivery. In virtue of the fact, as he asserts, that he Introduced Into Congress and got passed the first resolution ap propriating money for that purposo May 28, 1892. Professor Melville M. Blgelow, of the Uni versity of Michigan, who has Just been appoint ed dean of the Boston University Law School, was born at Eaton Rapids. Mich.. In 1840. He was graduated at the University of Michigan in 1S6G, and received the degree of doctor of philosophy In Harvard University In 1870. The Lord Lieutenancy of Ireland, for which the Duke of Manchester was an applicant, has been given to another, and he Is now seeking the appointment of Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia, a post that Is going begging because of the low salary at tached and the enormous expense Involved In the discharge of Its social requirements. Ardltl. tho composer, now 80 years old. Is ! living at Brighton. England, hapgy In the lov ing companionship of his wife, son and daugh ter. Signor Ardltl has conducted grand opera In all the principal cities of Europe and Amer ica. In' London alone he assisted In the first production of 27 different works. He has been a lifelong friend and coworker of Verdi. Lord Elgin, chairman of the British war in quiry committee, was In 18IH Viceroy of India. He did not wish the office, but was persuaded by Lord Rosebery to accept. Though a com paratively untried man. he had a great point I in his favor. In tho fact that his father had been Viceroy before him, and In the result he thoroughly Justified the confidence of Lord Rosebery and others. Ex-Senator Peffer, of Kansas, has been In the background for several years, but Is not letting his faculties rest. In his quiet Wash ington home he Is writing a series of reviews of certain periods of American history, and for some time has had In mind writing a work dealing with the question of labor and capital. He has 30 large scrapbeoks filled with pictorial and other caricatures of himself and his Ideas. Sonj? to the Evening Star. Thomas Campbell. Star that brlngest home the bee. And sett'st the weary laborer free! It any star shed peace, 'tis thou That eend'st It from above. Appearing when heaven's breath and brow Are sweet as hers we love. Come to the luxuriant skies, Whilst the landscape's odors rise. Whilst far-off lowing herds are heard And songs when toll Is done. From cottages whose smoke unstirr'd Curls yellow In the sun. Star of love's soft Interviews, Parted lovers on thee muse; Their remembrancer In heaven Of thrilling vows thou art, . Too delicious to be riven By absence from the heart i0TE" AND C0MM EN No man's brain swells like? his head. The tanks of oil, the tanks of oil re member. Mr. -McCusker has not yet taken down those circus posters. After all. It's not so easy to be ,a. Tracy, as Tracy himself found out Life insurance underwriters vvho took risks on King Edward's life are prophets themselves. The little busy bee improves each shin ing hour, but he does It to keep some body in lazy idleness. The heavy fog off the coast of New England makes the sham naval battle more dangerous than a real one. The way of the man who butts In is hard. Look at Peter Power. He that butts in will surely be butted Into. The Board of Public Works is holding secret meetings from which the public are barred. And election was only last June. Breathes there a man who is not be hind the Coos Bay railroad project, let him hold his peace, for he will not be believed. This Is about the time of the annual Astoria regatta. Is the regatta gono glimmering with the dream of things that were? Professor Andrews says bachelors are degenerates, but if he's using the argu mentum ad hominem he might just as well have stayed single. After full and mature and deliberato consideration, Alger regards himself as the best man in Michigan for Senator. He must have a poor opinion of the citi zens of Michigan. Fairbanks la "mentioned" as a candi date for Vice-President The gentleman discreetly refuses. It has come to to necessary for a man who wants the office, first to coquette with it The Trans-Pacific Congress will meet in Seattle in 1S03. Its members have one. year in which to save enough money to take them back home again afterward. But they will have to be mighty saving. If "Putty" Strong and May Yohe would only" take a spin in a 75-mile an hour auto they might get .even grander notoriety. But America has been just too mean to them for anything and they refuse to give It that pleasure. The Cubans are more, civilized than we thought Already they are calling President Palma and members of their Congress bad names. Now If their Con j gress can have a fist fight. Uncle Sam's J "uplifting" process will be complete. A professor 'way down in Massachu setts condemns the war with Spain. He is about four years behind the times and ! yet imagines be Is ahead. That is the way with so many professors that their number seems to be the majority of tho outfit Bryan ha3 not been interpreted as he wished to be. He means that he docs not desire to be a candidate, instead of that he does not desire to be President Fine-drawn distinctions have given trou ble to many bigger , men that Bryan. Therefore let us condole rather than won der. Baker County has waked up to tho folly of the scalp bounty. One of the main arguments for the bounty was that Eastern Oregon was not getting its share of state favors and of this was made an argument of necessity. If the bounty was for a favor It has been an expensive one. That which was meant to extermi nate coyotes has propagated jack rab bits. Can the Lewis and Clark Civic Im provement Association find anything In life that is not a nuisance? .Eating la a nuisance, so is sleeping and earning a living and getting married. And they even say that after" a sojourn in Heaven of a certain duration that place Itself becomes a nuisance. It is plain there fore that the association cannot do every thing at once. A brother of Mrs. Charles Fair says ho will be content to receive his share of her property without any of the Fair es tate. But In course of time ho w:ll no doubt change his mind. His share of his sister's wealth looks big now because ha never expected to get any of it But his desires will keep pace with what comes to him. Content is like the rainbow wan ton children follow through the wet It always is Just In front but never quite In the grasp. The brother of Mrs. Fair will discover that the appetite for riches grows as it Is fed. Barnum was the genius who said "the people love to be humbugged." By this he did not mean the people love to be cheated or "flim-flammed." but simply the people love to be entertained and amused and surprised. The attendance at the circus .this week in Portland shows that people still "love to be humbugged." The genius of Barnum lives after him, but of course only in Imitation. The im agination that can evolve a great specta cle like a circus Iff as great In Its way as that which can execute a grand work of sculpture or of poetry. 1 PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS Barnes Your nephew, I understand, has got through college at last? Shedd Yes; and what zood did It do him? I don't believe ha learned a thing the whole four years. Why, man. I doubt If he could repeat the collego yell. Boston Transcript. What's the Utility? "Did you ever try to say 'Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers'?" one of the other boys asked him. "No," responded the little Boston boy. "Con sider the Impossibility of gathering peppers that are already pickled." Chicago Tribune. Rubbing It In. Mrs. Speltz But I'll have to hire a large hall for my musical tea. Mr. Spelts What for? You say you've only got a score or so of woman friends whom you caro to Invite. Mrs. Speltz Yes: but I want tho several score of enemies who are not Invited to know that I had plenty of room for them. Philadelphia Press. Just One Question. "There Is nothing the matter with you," persisted the Christian Scientist, "absolutely nothing. Can I not convince you?" "Let me ask you a ques tion?" replied the sick man. "A thousand. It you like." "Well, suppose a man has nothing the matter with him. and he dies of It. what didn't he have the matter with him?" Phila delphia .-Press. Marquis Salgo TeugumlchI, the distinguished statesman, who died of cancer last Friday in Yokohama, played such a prominent part In liberating Japan from the rule of the Tycoon and In j-e3torlng the Mikado, that he ha3 been known as "the Oriental Garibaldi." He It was who In 1862 drew up the Japanese declaration of Independence, for doing which he was con fined In a small cage for three year3. until ha could neither stand nor walk. He recovered In time to largely aid In the Tycoon's overthrow. The Marquis was highly educated and held nu merous government offices of high grade.