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About The Oregon Argus. (Oregon City [Or.]) 1855-1863 | View Entire Issue (April 14, 1860)
JJOBEGON AKOUS. y 0. Vy. CK.4l. tfRVSOF 'SUBSCRIPTION. . A,t r""W "' '7,r" """"" ' -r ii$r,tiwd I1 H arrearage! trif"! ........lu-tirtceiif. 'STCJj i. of Iwht --a , U to nn.1 l"V con bind, i and fury 1" viiln JTiut t ui.m-r bower, f- beautiful M'1 brjulit. Still on r.h, dcien to nm t r.ul i, yondr rculnn o liK t, From the German of Korntr. Fur the Argii: , Jul f whl eame 0f ,, I bought j'ff of '.K ;. A Du'ihy kind of barley slop, jIj'ifideenicJ luniiiig liko a lop. irlfV m;j it wmilJn't iimke me tight, If !iou!.l diink a (titllon im rr, RuHMnJ upnl morning light, I found I'd "lent upou-lli llor. And looking where I 'I'0"1'1 v ''' I1'' Th jug a lying tli-ro liulrnd j Soimli'w, the blm.lo.1 lb ng lm Ur.pt Under Hie cover, in my bed. Six.ninu "Sum.'' Coxcumbioxai.. Mr. Colfax, of the P 0. Committee of the House, has submitted t'bill to reduce tlio expenses of the. Depart ment, wliich provides Hint postmasters, the receipt of whoso omccs for letter postage iilcM than $10 0 ,uu'tor nl' t0 rL,t'oivci instead of tho commission now ulloweil, from $100 to $400 ft quarter. The Administration anticipates tho re action of the Mexican treaty, in which event Mr. McLano will uot n tiini. Mr. liuclianaii snys ho will no longer be respon sible for anything which may happen in Mexico, and that every ono must take cure of himself, as ho has no power to offer pro tection. The House Committee on Territories has under consideration the suhject of reorgan izing the Territory of Utah, so that voting therein will be based upon legal votes in stead of inhabitants, which will ghc the (.entiles a show of fairness. Another pro ject before the Committee is to divide up the Territory, so an to reduce the Mormons to a state of necessary inferiority tcrrlto rhdly, ondeowpil them either to abandon thcstf'J s'bicb Vy uoiy i.ihabir, ornlvy Xnl'::tal Lw. JrJ The mother of Cassias M. Chy, :. encriibic Kentucky Matron of near eighty .Venrs rlw, wss told of tt report which had rgot s'btvMd, that the zeu!ev,;3 pro slavery htien ef Utt! county in which Iter sou lives fc I givra liim notice to quit. " They need dot give Casslus notice to quit," said the resolute old lady; " he will not go; and for my part, I would rather sco him without Ills head, than hear of his deserting the post of duly.'' REvoi.rrioxAnr Sot.MK.its. A New York paper publishes a very interesting list of the surviving llevoltitiomiry soldiers of the State of New York, with their ngis in the year 1S")9. Tho youngest of these veterans is eighty-nine, and there oro two of the ago of 100, ami one of 104 and one of 105 years in this list of thirty-six Revo lutionary soldiers. Out of the whole grand army of the Revolution which fought under Washington and his Generals, Acre are non living throughout the xehole country only one hundred und sixty Jive. KT The franking privilege originated In England in tho year KiuO. Under it, Members of Parliament used to frank " en tire backs and packs of hounds." Im!i oiia Journal. The Louisville Journal thinks if some body would frank our old Buck and his pack of dogs out of the country, the frank ing privilege would be put to a most ex cellent use. tST Judge S. S. Nicholas, of Louisville, Ky., an eminent lawyer, and the reputed wthor of the address adopted by the Op position in Kentucky at their last State Convention, concedes that tho election of a Republican President is more than probu We, and that this result will not bo pre sented by the interposition of a third can nula tc. it Is said that the Win Hickman, anli-Leconv Pennsylvania, after h t speech of Senator Tpon thy belly shalt thou go, and dirt nau thou eat all the days of thy life." True modesty is a flower whose grateful odor endures for ages. False mod WJ a weed as poisonous as stramonium, d as deadly, in its ultimate effects, as J'mssic aeid, distilled from the green and Jfetty leaves of peach trees. The Houston (Texas) Telegraph ".Ts: Since Texas has been in the Union, it 7 six Senators in Congress, and of 1 w si fie have been natives of Sooth Cacolina. Sa Rev. J. Mason has been excoramn ted by the Congregational Church in for avowing bis belief in Uuiver- adiim. The K'ng of Siam has expressed his .ration f American character by nam- hjyounge,t sun George Washington. A Weekly NewHimjuT, tlovotetl to tho Inteiest-t of tlio Lilwiriii Classes, and nlvoctitiiij tho Vor,. vr. srsscu Of AVM. II. SKWAIII). HON, la lh V, M. Mraalr, OX Till! 29lll J Kl:Ul-.MtV, 1800. Aril. rnrsiiiKxr: Tho udin'ss'on of Kan sas into the Union, without further delay, seems to me equally necessary, just, mid wise. In recorded debates, 1 haveulreudy nuti.'ipated tho arguments for this con clusion. In coming forward umong the political astrologers, it shall be an error ofjudgineiit, und not of disposition, if my interpretation ot tlio lever, Mi dreams wlucli urc u.sturiiiii" i the country shall tend to foment, nil her than to allay, tho national exciteiii'-i t. I hu! say nothing umicusurily o!' peecons, be cause, in our system, the public welfare and hnppiness di peml chielly on iiift'tutions, ami very lit I lo on me;!. 1 shall ulludu but briefly to iuridcntal topics, hiruu-u they ure ephemeral, nud bicausi', even in the midst of appeals to pass'on und prejudice, it is iilwnys sal'o to submit solid truth to tho deliberate consideration of u.i honest ami cnlL'htcncd ncoiilc. . ' ' . shnme, ns well as of sorrow, if we, thirty millions knropenns by cxtrtietion, Ameri cans by birth or il scipliuo, and Cliristinus in fuitli, and meaning t bo such in practice cannot so combine prejudice with Im munity in our conduct concerning the one disturbing subject of Slavery, its not only to prc.se rvo our uiiequuled institutions of Freedom, but ut.-o to enjoy their benefits with coi.teuliui'iit and harmony. Whcuver a guiltless slave exisls, be he Caucasian, American, Malay, or Afrcau, lie is the subject of two distinct and oppo site ideas one that be is wrongly, the other that he Is rightly, it slave. The bal ance of ii umbers on cither side, however great, never completely extinguish' s this bllerenco of opinion; lor there are always sninn defenders i.f SLivrrv mil ...,, if, there lire nono inside a Tree State; while, also, tiiero are ulwavs outside, if there me I not in.ide, of even- Slave Stale, many who j assert with MihoV that "no nn.n v.-l.n 1 knows aught can be so stupid ns to deny that ull men natnrallv were bora free. ht, I iiwr tlic iniai'o an, I riM-mbbinm nf !1 bints. If, and were by privilege- above all the i-ivntures. born to ecinm.M,,! nn,l i,t tn I obey." Itofim, perhaps pent rally, hap pens, however, that, lit constiUnng tlic sub. je.-t of S!.;vi ry, society sec ins to overlook t!ia natuiul right or pcrso:i;il interest of the slave himself, un l to act exclusively for the welfiirj of i!;: cltiz.'U. But tliis fact does results- for it will l.o uu overflowing fourec 0f'rl.M"ru un us mich; or migiit it r.'Knni :nn iii.uu.au i,-iu; " . . , . - -.in. i the tkmintaiy qusuoti t I''o right rtili.cw r lha South-west ns capital States bo or wroiiirr;.!;. Vs of Slavery bihvM every i eaus.' it was , raclmally impossd.lo to do fonn that discussio:. concerning it turn's. What is just to one class of nwncan never be injuricas to any other; and l.,t is nn - just to any condition of ptrsons in a State is necessarily it.jnriotts in some degree to It... ,.l,l.. ,.nm,n;i- An rmnnnnrll ,iK'st!ou earlv arises out of the n.bj.ct 0f,rf-. nmuigrain ireo m.oiv Slavery-labor, citlur of freemen or 0f!;d they n;oh:b.te,l tho trade m Aim; .-laves, is tho cardinal necessity of society. I"1"""- '""J V ot the wliolo st ,..,,s ,.i.r,Cn il. n,, L-i,l cn,,. il... jeet was in harmony witn t.io condition other; hence, two mtmie kji'iuu mmi-o vi'uvw ..- -, . v... ieipal systems, widely ioe.eiy, uu i. m uic oi'.m, .ui hio rjmn- ui Slave' State strikes the n;r;. llie seven Norlhern States cou xtiit"u's!i th'i iersoti- tenlcdly became labor Mates by then- own d.flerent, arise. I ho ilmrn niifl nO'eet;! tr) OXtin ,,1'iit nt' (t.n l.it,nii,,. iM niiK- na ti menilw'l of the political body, but also as a parent, husband, child, neighbor, or friend. He tints becomes, in a political view, merely property, without moral capacity, and with out domestic, moral, and social relations, duties, rights, and remedies u chattel, nn olilect of barirain. sale, srilt. inheritance, or 00 CCt U Uillillli, ouiu, i:..,, i.iiiv.t...t..v , ... . ... , ., Ill tl, ft. His earnings are compensated and the Mtss-ssippt; and these occurred be ore is wrongs atoned, not to himself, but to;l. 'i' "" ? '' ,i8 owner The State protects the slave slaveboMmg ! ret.i settleiuont, within not as man, but thecq.i.al of another the n? ly-ac ,ured Lot.a, i.au 1 cmtory man, which ho represents. On the other'1;" " "L7 "" band, the Stato which nj.cts Slavery eu?'1- t .ea yet rem anted bowevet u st ' ... . . . . .i ' nvrinii u-'ni-1 im-tiileil A rk;i nsns nn 1 il s- courages an 1 animates and invigorates tli laborer by maintainm natural personality in . . . ... .;..r l .1 1,:.. lauoreroy ma: .a, ,w . ... h , ,.A uu tno ngins nnu n t. P ..!..!, n1 rviiir in II tr the privile-es of (Mtizensbip. In otto ease, newly ready to apply, and Jjio.n , a.i ,i a invested in slaves 'becomes a great j other snel, Tern orv, was ue ual y npplymg po itxairorce; while in the other, labor, for ; admission into .t he ledera I U. ii.on. Ihe ' ' .',! ,r,.bNe(l nm,..1 existing capital States seconded thesonp- litis lieviucu uiiu ran""' "'i "v,.".,"., , ..I....:...- ..i:,i,...t ,v. n il,,,.. , ' wo'ina y-lenc-si-ian Territory was righ.n,lly opeu .to and not inaccurately, call Slavo States f very and to the organiztl...:, of inti.ro t States, and Free States labor, States. The labor States maintained cap.iui o ui n , (iat (,on,r.(.ss mij supremo legislative pow- So soon ns a State feels the imimlses or1 or within the domain end could and ought 4u.vju.nus.. i h;ivcrv there. Jlie (iiiestion fninmerce or cuter iris,' or iiiinmiun, iw : citizens be-in to study the elTects of these of caoital ami labor respectively " ,v ......... . - , In other ! preceiimg lin es, u.m uci...u...S7 . , approve or disapj.rove of the wo sys terns of capital and labor respeet.vely, they - ifir.ction and prosecute, or condemn ana J.II.ft xnmiiinrpn ill ll.fn TIllIS. ill Olie I Tl,.. in one I""'"" .......... way or anotner, me siimcij -i ...w.?;.M. 1 ' wl.ii-li so manv nmoiiL' us. who ore more i willing to rule than patient in studying uie i:?: n f ,.iir ll.ii, I- id n mereli' eklectal or unnecessary question,, that mi-'ht and ought to be settled and dismissed . .i a ... . .,l.wt of r-olitical considera- i . . r, : ,.J. ... ...': xi... linn mill C VI lUliiiaieiiauuu. , nut inn entertain it. not voluntarily, j but because the progress of sw.etv coutin- naily brings it into their way. Hiey d.- videuponit. not perversely, but becan, owing to differences of const.tut.on, tion, or circumstances, they cannot agree. Tl. f,.tl.,.ra of the Beoulilic encountereu .M.t.wli'jarriniit llllfl 11.4 TillllO. . words, the ereat fiuesiion an, 7 l,,,,. AP M .Aint. u,(lfpq l States seemed to liavc become fixwl in the ty was Feen gauicnnff win h.iiht w.u i & . . . I... i.- : iDfi'niiiH cmum ciuiun. first remark offvery Is a moral, mm, nud political ey.l "m.itv r;,flts nnd blessii.rrs ! d, termination that the Federal Govern-; m.idi ear.ifHtncs.s, but witli little Bhow of Pton D,mocr,t bf cdom. On the decision was suul-! ment, nnd even the labor States . Uj , . wen, no ;;o 4 . . ., . mere is u linn"'" j . , .,,,;,, n, -.is thoicht whether recognize tier slaves, iiiou-n uuinm-m inc. - stennig to the re-L,.,mn,, ....tttwn man nnd man thron-hout d the (uestioa, ns was ino'i0ni wneii. r n .... ,rU.lW nn( .rrievoiislr imneriled in the Dontrlas. was:- Z world. Nations examine freely the ultimately tho interior o. ims new eo, .- j . ; TlVritoris 0f the United States. I will no t ea systems ot eaeii otner, aim 01 uu , - T . i ,i 1 11 ' IH'llr bllfllllll I ill Illl UY1UII1 I'l UK u i '!.. i . . i i. it. i .ri tun v I'll ii lt U'ui uuli it. Tbev even adjusted it so that it mini "".'"" '," ;r ,, ,.0,i w;i;, Zrttl have given us mueli less than our present crc.o .p;1'';' ,i4- np. bot. .(lrii,.. dix.uiet, had not circu.nstauce-s afterward and ni.ihtj ' wm - not ,0w xurreJ which thev, wl- as they werc,,e.I- ""ton mis u, , ... limn OUKGON CITY, OK bad not cl. uHy fon-H.-en. Although they truly, that the Union reeled under the vc- incuts, collated with the cxUinjr statutes, bml Inherited, yet they gem rally coinli inn- lieuienco of that great debate, l'ulrlotisni n um lv, tliu Ordinanco of 1787, tho Mis cd tin! prm tici; of flavtry, ami lncd for took counsel from prudence, and enforced souri Prohibitory law of ISiO, und the ar ils di.-cuiitiiiuance. Tin y expressed this a scttlciuent which has proved to bo not a tides of Texas annexation, disposed by law when they asserted in tliu liecliratioii of , limit one; and which, us is now seen, prac- of the subject of sl.iviry in all tlio Territo Independence, as a fundamental principle ticully left open all the great political issues ries of tho United .Stutes. Au.l so the of American society, that till men are ere-1 which were involved. Missouri und Ark- Compromise of lS'iO wus pronounced a full, ntcd equal, and huvo iiiulieimblu rights to uuxu wrro admitted as capital (States, : liual, absolute, and comprehensive settle life, liberty, und the pursuit of happiness. ; while labor obtained, as a reservation, the I incut of all existing and possible disputes Ilach Stall', howevir, reserved to ilsell'cx-bridged but yet comprehensive field of concerning slavery nailer tlio Federal nn elusive polilieul power over tho kubject of Kansas and Nebraska. jthorily. The two great parties, IV; rl'id for slavery within its own borders. Never-1 Now, when tho present comlit'ons of the, the Union, struck bauds in making und thek-ss, it unavoidably presented itself in ' various parts of the Loaisiauinu Territory presenting this us an adjustment, never af their consultations on u bond of Fedcruljaro observed, ami wo see that capital re-j terwards to bo opem'd, disturbed, or even L'liion. Tlio new (jovvrumeiit was to be ! talas undisputed possession of what it tiieu 'questioned, and the peopb ucee,ted it by a rcprcsi'iilalivo otic Slaves wcro capitul obtained, while labor is convulsing the j majorities unknown before. The new Pros in oiim flutes; in others, capital bad no ' country witii so hard and so prolonged n , ident, chosen over uu illustrious rivul, line iuwstmiiits In labor. Should those slaves 1 struggle to regain the lost equivalent which 'quivocally on tie ground of gn titer ability, be represented us capital or us persons? I was then guaranteed to it under circiiinstau-' even if uot more n liable purpose, to tmdi.taii taxed as capital or us persons? or should cos of so great solemnity, we may well de- j tho new treaty inviolate, inaile haste to jits they not be represented or taxed at all? Isiro not to bu undeceived if the Missouri , tify this cxpi edition when Congress ttsscin- the ratlnrs iltMiercul, debated 1 .n - mid i otnprotn ml lit li:st. r.uch Suit.-, tlicy , coptcil by tiie treo Mutes iiilliieueed iiy cx di termiueil, shall have two Smutors iii ! acgeralious of tho dangers of disunion. Congress. Three fifths of the clave shall The Missouri debate disclosed truths of be clsewlure r pivsei.tcd, and be taxed ns great moment for ulterior use: persons. Vlial should l.c done if the slave should etc.. po into n laber State ? Should lluit Stt.to confess him to bo a chattel, and ... l : . o ....... him as n person, and harbor n'ul protect him ns a man? They compromised nirain. und decided lluit no person held to labor or; service in one Stato bv the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, by any law or regulation ot tliat Mute, Ijo ilscbarged from such labor or service, but shall be de livered up on claim to the person to whom such labor or service slmll bo due. Frerj laborers would immigrate, and sl ues might bo imported into the States. The f.. titers agreed that Congress may cs tabl'sh uniform laws of nattirali.atioa, und it i.iltjht prohibit tho importatio i of per sons nltir I SOS. Communities in the South-West, detached from tlic Southern Slates, were growing up in tho practice of slavery, to be capital Mates. .New States Woultl soim gl'OW up III tlio .orl!l-U est. wI,ilu "s .V(,t t,"li,1'l stood aloof, and labor 1,1,1 l r,e'1 t!i0 nx ,0 be-in tlnrc its t,1,1!' ,ss 1,ut l"'m fiLT1,t u- k- Tl' ''"tllf,s an"'0' -"1 Con-i'css to make nil needful rules and regulations concerniii'' tho nr- rangetn iit tin.l ilispi ut nn, I disposition of tliu public hinds, uu.l to admit new Slates. So the f-oi'sHmtlon, while it does not disturb or "fleet t!l0 system of capital in slaves, fX- isting in any Slntc under its own laws. dors, nt the same time, recognize every htt m:.n bein.', when within any exclusive sphere of Federal jurisdiction, not r.s capi tal, but ns a pcROii. What was the nr.liou of tho fathers in lit a mi i . . i . t . . , . i-ongrrss: niry luiiiimeu tne new states l,i'7', s , 1 l! ":"! f . ' 1 17 1-rov.ued for he if 'v ,c:;th-wCs . lhry directed I A.git.vcs roin ftrvtco to be stored, not as- cllllltck llllt ns p.CrSOUS. lllPy UWilfded ilnii,z:u.oa 10 ;ii:;.iiirtiii lieu iin.uivrs an sub- of - t i i j t i r r nets. The six Southern States, with equal tranquillity, and by their own determina tion, remained capital States. Tiie c'rettin.dances which the fathers did not clearly foreseo were two, namely: the re-iitvigoration of slavery consequent on the increased consumption of cotton, and the extension of the national domain across I LplU,, .... . . soil!1 together with tho then unoccupied - , ",llsas nll1 Y,.jraiikll 7 r- ivw ... , ,, ..I... i .i, r pbeat'.ons, mid claimed that the whole Lou. - ' ,., j""" ojiciici was one , ,c ,e,u t, , u a. U to slavery ... the cxis ing capita! States. !.. . l.'.l. -..I..... I Missouri, Kansas, and Nebraska, should with all the evils und ., f other age a r a i '""r whether, through 1 tiie renewal . t ,.r t. k r..;,...n L-i..vfi.tr,wi.i ,..,f ,. Iv.i,.r,t regions' tl.osf. nia"nifieent and luxuriant regions 1,1 l,,Csurre.idered to the control or ,1 wriiK'in" out the fruit of tho earth X the" itupoverLshing toil of negro , That m estion of 1U20 was iden-j .i i.i ; '-r ne-ithroilgl slaves, ilia j - . t;ca ty i c i V ' ,. 1 . he field of its application ' Fvery el-ment of the ' present entered it then; r the wron-'fiiliu-ss of i-I;i- r inf. iinu c" " v- i i ' was concerned controversy now i . . - ., , ngnuum ry . i . - ron.fM. the im. '' of t,,cir cit;z,ns; claims o n iw . -. .hether !!',;""LfM th Stat., or an , it is a con.pau ji of ",, ,. : .x'r.mi ..n l inn i-rrii r v iiuuii urn. KG ON, APRIL 14, 18(10. . Loniproiinsii was imleeil nnnecessar;lv First, That it is easy to combin.i tl o capitul Stutes in defense of even external! , inUrests, while it is hard to auite the labor; btates in A common policy. jmg qurstionsnro.se bearing upon tiiu ilo- Seeond, That tho labor States l.nve a. im'stic instituiioiis of a portion of the Con natural loyalty to the Union, while the fedcrncy, and involving the constitutii n il capital States have a natural facility for, nlarnimg tnut loyalty Iiy tlireateiiing ilis-jilitlercnccs ot opimo'i uiui sentiment, in re union. lation to details and specific provisions, I be Third, That the capital States do not .acquiescence of distinguished citizens, whose practically distinguish between legitimate ' devotion to tho Union can never be doubted, und const'itiitional resistance to the ex ten- has given renewed vigor to our institutions, sion of slavery ia the common Territories J and restored a sense of security ami repose of the Union, and unconstitutional oggres-ito the puldm mind throughout the ConiVd sion against slavery established by local , cracy. That this repose is to ntllVr no laws in the capital States. I shock during my ofiieinl term, if I have the Tlio early political parties were organ-' power to uvirt it, those who placed me here ized without reference to slavery. But , may bo assured." sinco 1S20, Kiiropean questions have left I Hardly, however, had thtse inspiring us practically unconcerned. There bus been ; sounds died uwuy, throughout a rea.-sured a great increase of invention, mining, man- jnn 1 d, light.d land, before the national re ufacture, and cultivation. Steam on lind,pose was thocked again shocked, indeed, and on water has quickened commerce. 'a it never before had b.'cn, and smitten Tho press and the telegraph have attained I this time by a blow from the very baud that prodigious activity, and tho socid inter- ! had just released tho chords of the national course between tliu Stales and their citi-j harp from their ultcrr.uco of that exalted .ns lias been immeiisuruiih' increiiscilj and, conseiinently, their mutual relations allictiug shivery have been, for many ymrs, subject ol earnest and often ex c ted dis cussion. It is in my way only to show how such disputes have operated o:i the course of polil'cal events not to re-open them for argument here. There was a slave insurrection in Virginia. Virginia and Kentucky debated, und. to tin grcnt sor- row of tlio free States, rejected tho system j down upon and coveted the fertile prairies of voluntary labor. Tho Colonization So-j of Kansas; while a sudden terror ran cicty was established with much favor in through all tho capital States, when they the capital States. Kinattcipation Socio-1 saw a seeming certainty that at last a new ties arose in the free States. South Caro-' labor Statu should be built on their Wrst lina instituted proceedings to nullify obnox- j em border, inevitably fraught, as they said, ions Fcelrnd reveuuo l.iv.3. The capital with a near or rctnuto abolition of slavery, States complained of Courts and Begla-I What could bo done? Congie.s could tures in tho labor States for interpreting ; hardly bo expected to intervene directly for the constitutional provision for the surreti- their safely so soon after tho Compromise dor of fugitives from service so ns to treat i of 1850. The labor hive of the free Stales them nsiiersons. and not DfODertv. and thev was distant, Urn way new, unknown und discriminated ngainst colored persons of the labor States when they came to the capital States, lhey denied, in Congress, the right of petition, and en.bnrrassed or de-! smiling Territory by surprise, if only Con nied freedom of debate on the subject of ! gress wonl I remove the barrier established slavery. Presses, which undertook the de-, in 1820. The conjecture was favorabl... fettse of tlio labor system in tho capital , Clay and Webster, tho distinguished citi- States, were suppressed by violence, und even in tho labor Stales, public assemblies, convened to consider slavery quistions, were dispersed by mobs sympathizing with the capital States. The Whig parly, being generally an op position parly, practiced some forbearance toward tho interest ot laiior. luo Ucino cratic party, not without demonstrations of icnlaecd them with partisans who were dissent, was generally found sustaining the only timid, but not unwilling. The Dciuo poliey of capital. A disposition toward ' cratic President, nml Congress hesitated, tlic removal of slavery from the presence of, but not long. They revised the lust great the national copitol appeared in the Dis- compromise, nnd found, wilh delighted sur-r.-!et nf Columbia. Mr. A'uti Biircn. a 1 prise, that it was so far from confirming Democratic President, launched a prospec tive veto against tlio anticipated measure A Democratic Congress brought Texas into tho Union, stipulating practically for that the compromise, itself actually killed its future re-organization into four slave j tho spirit of the Missouri law, and de Stales. Mexico was incensed. War en- vedvfl on Congress tho duty of removing sued. Tho labor States nsked that tho the lifeless letter from the national code. Mexican law of liberty, which covered tho j The dcied was done. Tire new enact im nt Territories brought in by tho treaty of- not only repealed the Missouri prohilrtion peace, might remain nnd be confirmed, of slavery, but it pronounced lb ; people of I'iio Democratic parly refused. Ths Mis- Kansas and Nebraska perfectly IV, c to es souri debate of 180 recurre-l now, under J tablish freedom or slavery, and pledged circumstances of beat nnd excitement, in Congress to admit tin in in due time as relation to these conquests. The defend' rs ; States, either of capital or of labor, into of labor took alarm lest the number of new the Union. Tho Whig representatives of capital States might become so great us to t the capital States, in an hour of strange be enable that class of States to dictate the ' wildenncnt, concurred; nnd the Whig par whole policy of Government; and, in case ! ty instantly went down, never to rise ngaiu. of constitutional resistance, then to form a i Democrats seceded, and stood aloof; the new .hvfholdiug confederacy around the . country was confounded; and, nii.id the Oulf of Mexico. By this time, the capital the master could not in any way, or by ni.y ...v ...... j . . authority l.e.livcsted; ami me luoor&raics more essentially De.n- oeratic than ever before, by the great de- ti ri'ttnpnr or irce liionr. i iic miiiiy man ever insist.il on the constitutional doctrine ever insisteu on me coiismmimwi u......- that slaves voluntarily carried by their mns- ters into tho common Territories, or mto labor States, are person, not men. , Under the auspicious influences of ,,-,- .,.,,. r..ir,,niia and New Mexi- co appeared before Congress as laHor States, The capital States refused to consent to their admission into the Union; and again threats of di.'union carried terror and con- ,,.mcarcj ,ufore Consress as labor States, ...... '..,; tl.ro.i-bout the land. Another ' compromise was made. Sp-cfic M.act- mr,,ts admitted Califon-.ia s lal.r State, , and remanded New Mexico and Utah to 'remain Territori.-s, with the right to chexi-e frt.c,j0ni or slavery when r'Kned into K,u t!lPV .,...,. n(! reme.lifs for tb- recaption of fu-itives from tew, and aWi-hed the on slari; market ill the DMrlct of Columbia. These new enact- r - - - nido of Truth in every issue. Xo. 1 ac-ibleil. lie said " When tho grave slmll have closed over all who urc now endeavoring touuetthe obligations of duty, tlio year lS'iO will bo recurred to us a period lilted with anxiety and iq prehension. A sucie sful war h id just terminated; peace brought with it a great augmentation of territory. Disturb- rights of the Slates. But, notwithstanding svnipiiony oi peace. Kansas at d Nebraska, the long-devoted ns'i'vation of labor and freedom, saved in tin) agony of national fear in and saved again in the panic of 1830, were now to b.j opened by Congnss, that the never ending course of suediime and hamt itrght begin. Tliu slavo capitalists of Missouri, from their own well-assured botaes on tho castiru l.nuks of their noble river, looked not without p rils. Missouri was near and watchful, anil held the keys of tic gales of Kansas. She' in'gbt seize tho new and zens whoso iiiiquestioiiiilile devotion to the L'liion whs manifested bv their niiiuieseciie in the Compromise of ltjfiO, bad gone down already into their honored graves. The la bor States bad dismissed many of their rep resenlalives here for too great lidelity to freedom, and too great distrust of lha cfli caey of that new bond of iiruee, and had the law of freedom of lSi'O that, on the other band, it exactly provided for the ab rogation of that venerated statute; nay, perplexities of the hour, a Kepiiiiliean par- not lincr'T over tlio seqml. Tlio popular t-.,... .. I.,, it.,. s.vemK..ijr V' "V Stato sovereignty of M ssottn ... only m rsons of the ruh-rs. but even ... the letter " -j . Pet freedom proved to be u natural uud in ............ - - mlob ruble bondage. Pro, Kansas, su-tauied and ern e the BcpuUican party, has 1 sueees-ive and ever varving From IrfSoto IWi, ouraged only by been engaged in strusgles, which have taxed all her virtue, wi.sd..in, mod. t on, energies, aim resources, ami o;ieu even her pbysieal strength and martial i-oiirage, to save herself from being Ijctrayed into the Union os a slave State. Ncbrahka, tion, energies, and resources, and often even thouirh choosinK freedom, is. IbrouL'li the d.rect exercise of the Kxe,-ut,ve power over- riding her own will, I, 1 1 us a si .vr lern- tory; and New Mexico has nhi sed volun- tardy into the pra-tu-e of 'l-.v-ry. from which she bad redeemed herself wlnbsh vH remame'I n part or the .Mexican kl- puhlw. .M'-anwhile fie iemo-rat:.r pam, a Ivaacing from the ground of 'popular sov- .reiguty n far as that ground from the , . i:. i i:s nr ai Kit'i'isi.Nc; , ()u H.iar.. (U'cb I n.r, uf !, b;i Vr liifiu) n,f iirrruo.i Q 3 lie) Km I. il,i,,iirl,t i'.l I'i. I: I 01) lia:i frunlu oiw yi-nr 0 00 A liliernl .le.lucliOJl will be li.dl to ihune tthd alicriix. Ii) ll.r jc.ir. fH" 1 h ihiiiiIt uf liisiTliiiii lioul I lie notu.I on il," nmryin i.f nn n.lvrrl -iiipiit, oiliri Il , will Im pilil Ihi till foflil l.lfii, mil charrd av- caidiiiK'y. 15 I'liiliinry not'tci will lie tliurcl bu!f lha nli., ic r.ii.i .,r uilvrriiini. f,"n J', I'mxnsu i-nruutr.l wi.h iifU.tm and llii,Ull. I'.njmrnl f r Ji h I'linlinj inuH le mn.'.e on d-iirrri nf the writ. '""'"-MWMWl Urdiiiancu of 1 7 s 7, now stands on the po s'lion that both T, rrilori d (iiveriiiiiiits and Cougr. ss nr.1 ii.compeli i.t In l. gihbito ugaimt si . very in tin. T, rr. tores, nlillij tlicy nru not cu!y cnmpit u', I ut tire obliged wlieii it is n-ic.ouiy, to ej,'),lui for its prop et on tin iv. Ill tills II w uu I (Xlrelliu J.n!t'0'i, tin! Dcmocr..t'c parly now i.itik-; itself I), bin.! the baltiiy of tiie Supreme Couri, us if it wcro io.-s lily a trim coast met. u.i of tho Constiliit'on, t'mt the power of deciding practically fiuvviT l)"l'.veen fieeibun and slavery in a portion uf the continent liirc.V ceeding all iniit Is yet organized, hhonld be renounced by Congress, w hich nloao pnn se ses tiny bglslut ve ntitl.i rity, and slioiild be assumed mid exercised by a court which cm take cognizance of the great question collaterally, hi u private act ion bit ween in dividuals, n m I u ! i li h action the Coustitiv tion will not mi ir. r the court to entertain, if it involvis tweu'y dollars nf money, with out the ov r-ruling int. rveiit.ou of a jury of twilvegocd and lawful mm of the iieigl. borhood wh rj lb.' I.t'gnto'i arises. Tho iudip'iidci.t, iv r-reueiveil, and evcr rccur ring rcpr.s utat ve Parliament, Diet, Con gress, or l,'g'sl,.liia, s the one chief, par nmuuut, ess -ul ;::!. ind!spcin:uLa institution in a Itepulil c. I'.wn Liberty, guarajiteed by organic law, yet if it bo In Id by otlur tenure than the guardian cure of sat lis. representative popular uss-mibly, is but pre cariously maintained, while slavery, en forced by an irresponsible judicial tribunal, is the comphtist possible development of de.-pot'sin. Mr. President, did ever the annals ofany (loviriiiu. nt shown more rapid or inoru complete th pniturc from the wisdom ami virtue of its founders? Did ever the Gov eminent of a gr.-at empire, founded on tlio rights of human labor, slid.' invny no fust and to fir, and moor itself so tenaciously on the bis:s of ccpilal, und that capital in Wit d in laboring men? Did ever a freo representative Legislature, invested with powers so great, uud with the ruurdiausliiit i f r'gbts so important, ol trusts so sacred, i,f inter Jls so precious, and of hopesutnucu so noble and so conipreben-ive, surrender anil renounce them ull so unnecessarily, so unwisely, so fatally, and fO iiiglorioiisly? If it be tru", as every instinct of our naturi'i und every priccptui' political experieirco teaches us, that " III f iii-m ih,, luii.l, to h.isl.-iiii.u I an prfy, l.cru i..ililuieeiiii.i.!ul,ii, uu.l in Ii il.viiv,'' then where in In laml, in Italy, in Poland, ' or in Hungary, has any ruler prepared for it generous ami confiding pi oplc disappoint ments, disasters and calamities equal to those which the ttoverin it of the United Slates holds now suspended over so larire a portion of the continent of North Amer ica? Citlens of tho Uniled Stab s. in the spirit of this policy, subverted the free Ue- . public of Niear.iguu,aud opened it to slave ry ami tho Alnevin slave trade, and held it in that condition waiting annexation to thtf United Slates, until its sovereignly wnrf lvstoivd by a combination of sister llepub lies exposed to the same danger and appro hcusivc of similar subversion. Other citi z ns re-opened the foreign slave trade in vi olatiou of our laws mid treaties; and after' a Kuspfiiniou of that shameful trallic for lil'ly years, savage Africans have, been oucu more landed on our shores and dislribttled, unreclaimed and with impunity among out' plantations. For Ibis policy, so far as tho (iovern incut has sanctioned it, the Domocratiu parly avows itself responsible, livery where complaint against it is denounced, i ii I ils opponents proscribed. When Kui sas was writhing under tlio Wounds of in cipient sirvduwur, because of her resist ance, the D luccrulie press deridingly suid, " let her I.I d." Olliclal integrity has bceal cause for rebtikn nud punisbinent, when it resisted frauds designed lo promote the ex- : tension or slavery. Throughout the whole Republic, there in not one known dissenter from that policy remaining in place, if with in reach of the Mxeeutivo arm. Nor over tiie fiico of the whole world is there to be found ono representative of our country who is not on apologist for the extension of slavery. It is in America that these things havd happened. In tho nineteenth century, tho era of tho world's greatest progress, nnd while nil tuitions but ourselves have been either abridging or allo ther suppressing commerce in men; nt Urn very moment when tho l!us-;!un serfis emancipated, nnd the (Jcorgiau captive, the Nubian prisoner, and the Abyssinian savage, nn- lifted up to freedom by tlio successor of iMohammcil. Tic: woriil, picpossessed in our behalf by our curly devotion to the rights of human nature, as no nation ever before engaged its respect and sympathies, asks, in wonder uud amazement, what all this demoraliza tion means. D has an excuse better than the world can iuingiii', belter than we are generally conscious of ourselves, a virtuous ( xctisc. We have loved not freedom so mm h less, but the l'liion of our country so much more. We have been m ub; to believe, from time to time, that, in a crs!, both of these precious institutions could not bo saved lo rdlier; and therefore wu have, from time to t ut", surrendered tnfi-gmin.'s of freedom to propitiate the loyally of capital and stay ils bands from doing violence to the Union. The true state of tiie ease, however, ought not to be n my..tcry to ourselves. Paticmr, indeed, Is not given lo stall men; but wo lire without xcti-c wl.eu we fail to appre hend the logic of chi p nt events. Let par ties, or the (iovi rniiie.it, choose or do what they may, the people of the United Slates do not prefer the wcultli of tlm few to tho liberty of the many, caplt d to b.bor, Afri can slaves to white freemen, in the national Territories and in future Stutes. That question bus never been d'stinctly recog- nied,r -ti-d m by lie in. Tin Krpttlil.can par ly rmbcilir tl.e f,ii,.,r ro!i-l mid rcaoli.D a.iiiiit fiotu y hi. h km Wen I: iO-nr J UK,n the iMtou by iiirir , inj which iti rauna tud con. fe mi . e,,i.nirrii. w iih tl.c r. nsou mid CuiicittcO f n.tii.i.. I, ciniUnin. ( Tii bt (!oin:lii(leJ nrt "(k J