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About The Oregon Argus. (Oregon City [Or.]) 1855-1863 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 20, 1856)
Ijc rcgou ftrfluy. W. h. AOtM, RIIITO " MOMIV.TO. OIXOOWCXTY! (SATURDAY. DLCKMUKIt 20. 1650. V.asliraitoa. ' We liave liL-srtl from several quarter thai semethiitg of an immigration would com lo Oregon next uimnirr. Wo Lope thia may lo Imp. Il i certain lint our population muvt be vmtly Increased b foie tlm reMiurcesofllw country are developed, an J society assume ullW, p.-rwiinrn' citnractr. . .W waul iIii men here in the firs! place lo settle mih! cultivate ili law!.. It U altogether a mistaken notion that even the Willamette valley N half settled. Tin land know mostly thiiroed nJ del J in largo tract of from half aectioli to a whole aection by men who, instead of Improving lite Urn!, have not generally en closed, it, and many of lhm are loo indolent to walk round ihe boundaries of their po. sessions. Much of lliit lund i now in mar Let, at a reasonable price, and mori of it will be offered on similar If rms, o"n as tho burthen of Stn'e government begin to b'ar heavily upon large landholder, wlioe broad acre are yielding ilirm nnth ing. Tli't bind nerd lu be parceled out in small frm of from ono hundred acre to a quarter section each among laboring man, who are willing lo till the oil lo sup port llicir families. Tbe advantrges of such a cumpsct population a this would givo in I lie way of society, schools, road fa cililict, and a system of general public im provement, is loo obvious to need expls nation. At we iniJ before, much of the land in Oregon can now bo bought for a rcaonublo pric, say from lluco lo six dollars an acre. What wo now need is an immigration lo buy and settlo it. It i surprising to u that while iuch vast number of emigrant are pouring into Kama, Nebraska, and other now portion of the great West, to few of ilium turn (heir attention (hit ay. No new oountry in tho world we believe odors as great inducements to free labor as tbi. The peculiarity of our production", the mountain fastnesses, and the botd'jrirg tribes of Indians by which we shall always be surrounded, seem lo preclude I lie possi bility of tho existenca of slavery for any . length of time. Oregon i, and ever must ibe, emphatically the home of the frco. Ah an agricultural country, we Ulicve it is unsurpassed. All the grains, vegeta bles, and Iruits, that thrive in tho North ern and Middle State, aro produced in much greater perfection with similar cul tivation hero than there, excepting per haps corn, and llmt does well enough even here. From thirty to forty bushels of wheat lo tho acre, with proper cultivation, is no uncommon yield. Tho land being mostly prairio, needs little or no clearing to prcparo it for the plow. "When lo llics.1 facta we add llml of the mild climate we enjoy, tho thermometer tint reaching r.ero perhaps ont-o in Ave years, a climate which produces grass for stock mi miner and winter, thus obviating tho necessity of tho greqt lubor our transmountain friends expend in putting up fodder for winter, and when we alto add tho fact that wo have the ptirost mountain water, and enjoy tho best health of perhaps any other people, we think tliut we can offer more inducements to such as arc seeking n homo in the west than can bo found else whore. No man who lias a well ballaucrj Lead could ever live in (ho States after enjoying our climate for a few years. There is at present a great senrcity of mechanics and laborers of all kind?. A poor farmer, on arriving here, who is not able to purchase land at once, could make more by renting farms already stocked, than ho could make in the States by far. If people in llio State were all of our fancy, and know just what Oregon is, there would be twenty soven millions of people hero in less than iwelvo months. TUe Contested Stat. Wo have all the evidence before us thai was oderod to the Legislature in reference to the contested Clatsop ease. We must acknowledge that after reading it over carefully wo aro not able to see upon what ground Col. Taylor was ousted .fioni his sent. Iu delating the question, the members of the House generally expressed themselves that tho evidence was so bungling, mixed up, and contradictory, that il was hard to uudcrstuud. As au impartial judge of tbe whole mat tar, we should, from the testimony olTered, bo forced to the conclusion that three of the votes cast for Col. Taylor were illegal, and three others cast for Muffin were equal ly so. This would have still left Col. Tay lor two votes ahead. If Taylor had been iu the place of .Moflitt we have no doubt but the result would Lave been just the same ; that is, Taylor would have been sent home, and the seat would have been given to iMutliit. We would recommend the Legislature In pass a l.tw making Mof fat a lit member from Clatsop, and abol ishing elections in that county for reprcsen tative. , Well, it is something of an honor to Clat sop to bar come even that near to getting in Col. Taylor as their representative. ff We are ender obligations to Cut. Klley of tho Council, aod A. L Lorejoy ef tbe ileus for faicre. tswrtrk. The Calumet, a small vel Ulonginsr lo Jennings and company, anj employed in furnishing llio Indians on llio Reserve tion wiili pror'ulona, was wrecked a few day ago at tho mouth of the Silrti. When off lh mouth of tin river a storm came on which rendered it necessary to run In at all haTrd. In crossing We bar, the vessel struck, knocking a bolt In her bottom, when she wes immediately beached. The lading, bich consistod of (!oo, wis removed and s'ewed on ibe heath, together "it'l rigging of tlie ve I, wh.'th was afterat's all swept away bvthe using fiitxl, driven ahore by the totm. The (lour however was r'C'ired and received for by the govrrnmt nl acnt before it was destroyed. Tb flood avept theb-ach of Indian graves, canoes and huts, which have been llirre undisturbed for rears. Several Indian families were 0 swept into the surf. No lives wero lost, although sumo of (bo Indium had limbs broken. jfJT Tho Indians on the reservation have hid quite a time of it in killing lhir doctors end lighting among themselvi. Sumo half dozen have been either killed or wounded. The Indian agent slill allows i hem to carry out their practices as con nected with their old superstitious notions about liieir "lamachiti" men. If one of their conjurers, or 'damschin lice," loses a patient, the Ind an law require hi death. It ha always seemed lo us thai the U. S. Government ought to put a check upon savage la i bur hies of this kind, where Indians aro living within the bound cf civil jurisdiction. We should think that especially Indian who nro re tained upon a reservation ought to be subject to some kind of humane municipal arrangement. " AjioTiiKR SfM-HEXstrr. Dryer ha declared himself in favor of the doctrine of the Nebraska bill." C:aknji Orgvt, A gentleman from Salem informs us that Dryer denied there i hut he ever fa vored the election of Fremont, and made a speech classing all freesoilers as "aboli tionists," and avowing n preference for out and out proshivcry men over all such. Tho fid that Czapkay 'a organ, which never yet published any thing just as it was, has announced that Dryer litis gone over lo Dr. Henry 'a platform, makes us tbiuk thero must be some mistake about. tttr " On llio arrival of the news of the election of Diichiinnn nnd Hreckeniide, the democracy of 1'ortlaml fired ono hun dred bum In honor of tho election," Portland Times. And drank a barrel and a half of cheap whisky, after which they "toied" homo a poor editor with such an awful big brick in his hat that ho couldn't do any thing but vomit and shout, " lloo (hie) raw for (hie) 13uck (hie) henen I" " Tun Pacific Ciiiiistian Advocate." This is the title cf n new nowrpaper which Ihe Methodist hlpicopal Church Conference South, at their last session, re solved to establish. Rev. O. I'i-her is to he the editor, and Revs. W. R.Goher, M. I'.vaus mid O. P. Fiutscrald, Publishing Cominitteo. - Alia California. It seems tho brethren in California are not willing lo recognir.o "Dro. Parrishes Advroato" as 2 Vie Advocate. As long as The Pacific Christian Advocate is to be published in California, we presume, the (euaral Conference will cliungo tho title of tlio Salem pnpor to" An Advocate." Poetry. Some bnrd dow n in Portland has broke loose, and delivered himself of a ' pome" containing twenty-six verses, through the Times. How a paper can be published for$2,r)0 that has such contributors, is beyond tho ken of our suspicion. Tho Times says it is " original." Well, per haps it is, but it certainly took more than one human being to perpetrate it. We give a specimen or two : 'We prny Tlire, Lord, will Tliou prevent Tli uliller'i mixed (;r ns torment To Mni Ilia 'win' liiut gavo il ve lit, Tlist lliev nmy not e on make a cent." There's sublimity, pathos, and terseness for you, all done up in the form of an in vocation. Our devil suggests llmt this verso would be improved by sulistituting '' God be merciful lo mo a tinner ;" Hut ho, like all other devils is impious, besides not much of a judge of "pomes." l!ut hero's another verse describing Ihe " topers :" "Like Hsmli-l's jIimI lliey come akeul Dunlin; up llie milxbing 'l.mt' Not tiudinjt, wonders where they've (fone To el waif lliiii j to drink that's strong." There is ono of the " gems" which " the dark utifallionied (before) care of ocean bore." Nobody bul the Times' contiibutor ever dived deep enough to reach it. Wo make but ono more selection, here It is : "New, my fiifnd, we must onitei If we would Di&Le the gullnut fi-M, And up lit stiU-hoiuw, plug the worm, Aud av the world (row tbgreat rco(." If there is much more such poetry in this author, while he is " plugging1 the worm" of the s'ill it would be a pity if some wa should plug him, and deprive the world of any more of the same sort. OJr We notice that several of our firm- e,r are flattering tbemwlves that they will soon be able t raise their own almonds We have hs J tho pleasure of testing these Oregon almonds, tut can see little differ ence between them and padt stones. The tree Is perfectly !. iVer Col. Tevlor. who was defrauded of his seal in ihoLec'slature, passed llm ugh this city on hi way home to Ckttrop last Weduest'ay. fTTht Willamette is unusually high vet. although a slitrht f.dl of it water en. ablcd tho Jennie Clark to get out of the bin hut Mondiy, and resume br regular trips. tr The teamster in this city are now reaping a g di'cn harvest. Tbiy are crowd ed with work, and ina'te aa high a ten dollir a day, !ats are not hI!b lo get up to the mill on ihe Linn City tide In disihor;e their loading, but unload it Outfield's wharf. The goods nro hauled from this to C'unemah ct a dollar and hall a loud. OT We nre sorry In hear that cur friend (i. 0. Uurne'.t cf Bethel, is lying wrj low on a a'ck neii, an i itiai nine impes are ente.'tainrd of his recovery. For tht Argv. V.nal Mlsvery will Ut OrrtJB. Mr. EHtorl)xAu Sib : It is whispered on all side that Oregon is in danger of becoming a slave State. It is said thai our Delegate has been flooding tho Territory :h document advocating slavery, and since the Nebraska bill has been endorsed here, and siuco the party In power hero coincides with the party in power in the nation, It is feared that leading politicians aio preparing ihe wry lo precipitate this jiirstion upon us. But there aro aomo considerations on ilia other aido which may bo weighed against these dangers. In llio first place, the people c.' Oregon came here expecting tliut it would ho a free Slate. They evi dently choso to bo in n free State. Their first choice will not be easily given up. Some of lhni remember- the evils of sla very more than its blessings. Thvy have no wish to reproduce them here, and leave them as a heritage for their children. In tho second place, llio observation and experience of every intelligent person con vince hi in lhr.1 free labor is tho most (co nomical, at it is the most productive. A glance at tho condition of tho Slates, hIiowj llmt frscdo'ii elevates every person, while slavery rapidly forms a small aristo cratic class of planters and a largo class of iopr whiles. Freedom makes us equal ; slavery, unequal. Freedom i democratic ; slavery lends to concentrate nil' influence and control in the hands of a few large slavo r.nd land holders. Freedom divides the country into many small firms, which ni well cultivated by tin industrious yeo manry ; slavery swallows up the small farms in one great plantation, under one owner. Freedom gives every man em ployment at high wages ; slavery turns the multitudes of white men out of employ. Freedom invites intelligent artisans of all kinds to build manufactories and improve our water powers; slavery .ilegrndes lite white laborer to tho condition of a serf, and renders n mechanic ignoble. Slaves rapidly increase, and then comes tho slave trade; nnd, when markets are opened, slave breeding follows; with ihis comes in family corruption, nnd in the end inevitable ruin to tho masters themselves. Freedom makes a people strong by an equal interest in tho common welfare1. Slavery continu ally weakens n pcoplo by rendering thu in terests of ono class adverse to ihoso of another. " We have moro to fear," says (Jov. Wise of Virginia, "from our own poor whites than from tho abolitionists of the North . All tho nbovo facts nro obvious on a moments riflecuon. They aro known to all who have examined the subject. In view of them, do we wish lo accept slavery for Oregon, and give up freedom I Many men irrespective of parly will say, No. True, we need moro laborers, and we need cheaper laborers; but tho ono will bring llio other. As soon aa emigrants can come to Oregon, they will come. Be sides, by a littlo efiort we can turn German immigration this way. Already we know thai a largo German colony nre wailing near St. Louis lo come and settle lands hitherto bought by them. Oregon needs a free white population more limn any thing elso to develope her ample resources. But if slavery is inau gurated, how quickly will the tide rf free emigration censo. No new family will come from a free State, whilo hundreds now here will leave Oregon feirever. Theso facts all weigh against introducing slavery here, and they will weigh in the mind of our intelligent voters. Yours truly, A. Cccc for Estremk Tuikst. Eat a piece of hard biscuit will) a lump of white sugar. Iu thirst the salivary glands of the mouth are paralyzed, and cold water may seriously injure the stomach, but pass by the glands without tho least benefit. Bui res'oro tlie;r action by severe chewing, and iimnediatelr there will bo relief. 03 Infinite toil would not enable you lo sweep away a misl ; but by ascending a III tie, you may often look over italiogctbcr. So it is with your moral improvement ; we wrestle fiercely with a vicious habit, which would have no hold upon ut if we ascend ed into a higher moral atmosphere. " I'ven this will ps over 1" was (he proverb which the wise Solomon gave to an Eastern friend ho drsired such a mot to a would mke l lie soul strong io mis- fertua. and bamlle ll prosperity. CREGOn LEGISLATURE DttcKNuea A, 1350. - Hoi's. The Clatsop contested seat was taken l' p. Lovvjoy moved that the report of the committee be taken up. , Avery aked a day or two longer llm.', In order to be able lo examine I list printed rejori more critically, as it had but jut been printed. Smith of Linn thought all necessary light would bo elicited by diicuion. Lovejoy moved to refer the report to committee of the whole. Taylor stated that the chairman of the committee had give him assurance that the additional proof he hourly expected should go before llio House if il camn by ihe mail. Ho had observed on rending tho printed report that material evidence was left out which he thought wai in ihe po session of the committee. Lovejoy' motion adopted. Smith of Linn took the chair. On motion of Dryer the contestant and fitting member were requesird lo present Ihcircasra. Moffilt and Taylor made n fiw remark cnth, submitting tho evidence lo the committee, and expressing a willing ties to abide their decision. Dryer made a few remark expressing surprise that the gentlemen were not morn forward in defending their cases by way of explaining ihe bungling evidence that had been before thecoinmittee. lie hnd Imped thai an effort would have been made lo set tho comrnitlco right if they had erred. 1 la J no preferanco for either ; would be gtnd to vote fur both ; thought Clatsop ought lo have two member judging from the bungling character of the 'evidence sent up. Lovejoy made a speech giving some rea sons w hy he rejected three of the vote who supported Taylor Laity, West, nod lien drickson. Afternoon. IIotio proceeded with the Clatsop contested election case. Dryer wished for information as lo whai bucking'1 meant, as he saw in tho evi deuce that Brown, who was said to have illegatly voted fur Moffitt, went over to Chiiinook and bucked with Hall and others. What he wanted to know was, whether Brown's " bucking" disfranchised him I Taylor said he winhed to reply lo .the gentleman from Washington and Multno mah, (Dryer,) who had accused the good people of Clatsop county with gossiping and meddling with matters above their capacity. IIo thought it was not so ; but if it was true, it must be owing to their reading a filthy dirty sheet called the Ore- gonian, which had a limited circulation in that community. Smith of Linn made a speech affirm ing his great sincerity and candor mid his strict impartiality in tho wliolo premises, He went into nit examination of some of the evidence, and gave his reasons for sup porting Moffat's claim-. Committee rose and reported progress. Taylor by special leave offered a bill changing the name of Clara Hay , to Clara Hay Tease. Consor-pave notice of n bill to incorpo. ratrlhe " Willamette Woolen Manufact uring Company." Dccr.MCEB 8. Council. Day ley presented tho report of A. S. Watt, University Land Commis sioner, which was read and ordered printed. The bill providing for taking tho sense of the people on the formation of a State, was read tho second timo and referred lo the Judiciary committee. ,, December 0. Conscit.. O'Biyant, fiom committee on roads and highways, for relief of P. Crawford, reported adversely lollic claims. Report adopted. Bill enlarging tho limits of Dallas pass ed to third reading Bill repealing the act for relocating county seats was referred to committee of the whole. Hodse Ray presented a petition from the Duiikards of Linn, asking exemption from militia service, and to be allowed lo work on (he highways instead. . Referred to cominitteo on military uflairs. Cbnsor presented petitions from Fields and others, praying for a chango in certain Territorial roads. House went into committee of whole on tho Clatsop election case. Starkweather moved to take up each dis puted vote in order, and pass upon iu va lidity as they come to it. Dryer opposed it. Brown of Multnomah made a speech declaring his opposition to ousting Tay lor upon Ihe evidence offered. He ihouuht there was much evidence that several who voted for Moftitt were illegal voters, and he was disposed lo declare ihe seat vacant, so ill at a special election Could be held forth with in Clalsop. In such a ease a member could be returned by New Year's. (It was hero, announced that addition"! evidence bad arrived, which was read, bul the House refused to eiiteitain it.) Allen was opposed ingoing over the evi. dence in detail. He had studied the report, and couldn't see how any pno could differ from the committee. Rogers mado a ipeech to the same efTect. Report adopted-Yeas, Avery, Allen, Bennett, Brown of Linn, Collard, Cochran, Omsor, Dryer, Gates, Harpole, Johnsan, Lovejoy, Matthews Miller, Monroe, Ray, I Rogers, Rn,e Penilb ef Line, Starkweath er, Underwood, Walker, Welch, end On. ver 23. N)i Barr, Brown of Multno mah, and Smilli of Jackson. Starkweather gave notice of a bill to amend an act for the relief of Clackamas, Washington, Multnomah, and Linn coun ties. Afternoon M.-fTitl or CleUop wai qualified and took hi seat. IIo thanked the House cordially fur giving It to him. Smith of Linn presented a communica tion from Quarter Master Oeiieral J. W. Drew, staling that hie official repoil ao cording to the military ung of all great warlike nations were made to the (Jov rruor; that hi officer were buy making nut their report, whli b would bo by him laid befo'e tin-commissioners on war claims. On motion of Dryer it was temporarily tabled. Moflitt presented report ofjulot com missioners. Bill fur rrlief of Nat Lane, referred lo cunmiticc on claim. House went into committee of whole, Lovejoy in the chair. Bill conforming Oregon Courts to net of Congress of A'ig. 10, 18"i0, was taken up. A very' bill lo chango tho judicial districts was taken up. Avery, Smith of Linn, Allen, Lovejoy, Orover, nnd others, discussed it nt i'ngth, wln n it was report ed back without recomniPiidatioti. Dixkmdks 10. Council. Bill for taking ihe aeiiso of ihe people on Stale government passed to third rending. Bill lo extend the bounds of Dallas en grossed. Leave of absence was granted Col. Ford for fko day. . House. A bill regulating treasury de partment pnssed its I'niul reading. Bill to change judicial districts referred In judiciary committee. Bill conforming action of couit to act of Congress passed. A communication from Commissary General Mct'arver was received, stating that he auuld report as soon us Convenient. Upon motion to print I he communica tion of the Quarter Master General, n lengthy debate arose ns lo the propriety of calling on him for a report, which was en joyed by Smith nf Linn, Dryer, then Sini'li of Linn, then Dryer, then Smith nf Linn again, when ihe resolutions wero lulled by a vote of IS toll. The bill repealing the net fixing the pny of judges and cleike of elections was tabled. December 11. CouMCit,. Council in committee of whole reported buck bill to incorporate Do Sulcs biidge c-mpany, with amend ments, recommending its passage. , Bill lo repeal the act for relocating county seats indefinitely postponed. IIot'SK. Bill to conform acts of courts to acts of Congress engrossed. Bill lo extend the bound of Dallas pass ed the third reading. Starkweather gave notice of a bill to amend the marriage and divorce nut. Smith of Linn ottered resolutions request ing the Goverror to furnish all the inform ation in his possession in regard to the war finances. Adopted. Tho hill relating to Clnra liny Tease was passed. Cen-'orgavs notice of a bill declaring the Siin'iam river navigable. Smith of Linn introduced a bill lo in corporate n masonic hgo nl Albany. It was resolved lo substitute M"0itt iu place of Taylor on comnvtter. Dt'.CEJILES 12. Council. Bili for taking the sense of people on State government passed. Bill regulating nets of courts to net of Congress passed. AN A CT to provide for taking the sense of the people for or agninst the forma tion of a State Government. Section 1. Be itemized by the Legisla tive Assembly of tho Territory of Oregon, That a poll shall bo opened nt the annual ehclion to he held on the first Monday of June next for the reception of votes for or Hgainst a Convention also for the election of. Deb-gaies to forma constitution for u State Government os hereinafter provi ded. Sec. 2. Provided in case a majority of tho legal votes of the Territory are cast against convention, then and in iliut ease llm elec tion of Del-gales shall be considered in formal and of no elli-ct. Skc. 3. It shall be the duty of ihe an ditor of each county toprepaieon ihe poll books for each precincl in their county two columns, one headed for convention and one headed against convention, an it shall he the duty of the judges of election for the several precincts In ask each and every voter who shall offer bis vote, are you in favor of or against a convention, and ac cording to their answer ihe io e shall be recorded by thetlerknn the poll bo"k. Skc 4. 'I he votes for or naint conven tion, shall he taken, certified and canvassed in the same manner and under like regu lations as by law is provided for the vo'e for members of tho Legislative Assembly of ibis Territory. Sec. 5. That within twenty day nfier the vote shall lw canvassed in the manner aforesaid iIsImII be the duty of the S ere 'ary of the Territn'y on or before the sec ond Monday of July u make out an ab stract of the votes for or agninst convention, together with a ecrlifitaie of the final re sult of the wh'de vote cast, and cause the same to lie published in the several new, paper of Ihe Territory. And if by such abstract and certificate, published as afore said, it shall appear thai a majority nf nil ihe votes cast shall be in favor of convention, then and in that ease it shall be the duly of the delegates elected ta met at the seal of government oa the third Monday of August next, and proceed, to the formation ef e Plate ccnstitntit. She. 0, That ihe election of Drk-gale tO the convention shall be conducted, held can vassed end certified in the same manner and under like regulations a elections for llli'nihera of (lis Legislative Assembly. - Site. 7. Fncli coun'y shall be eutitled to elect the following number cf Delegate in wit; uaisnp.one, 1 1 1 Columbia one, Wasco one, I Washington three, 3 Multnoiiiiih three, pi Clackamas Ave, 5 Yamhill four, f-ll Tillamook on, fll l. rion seven, 1 7 Linn lit, 0Lanesi, (g) L'uipqii to, (i) Douglas four, (4) Con one, ( I ) Curry one, (I) Josephine lw0, (2) J uck son four, (4) Benton four, (4) Polk three. (.1) Polk and Tillamook jointly one, (1) Multnomah and Washington jointly one, (I). ' i Six. 8. That ih'conatitiition herein pro vided for. before inking effect, ml be sub milted for adoption or rejection to a vot oi I lie quaiitieu Voter wiiiiin Hie hound, lies of the proposed Stale. Such vote to he taken in like manner ami in conformity to ihe laws of ihi Territory rrguliling elec tions, nt such lime as suid convention may determine. Skc. 0- The d' legote to said conven. tion shall be allowed such compensation as shall be hereafter appropriated by Congrese for such payment. Sec. It). Th1 act to lake effect and be in force from and after ha paage. POPCLATION OP IbEU.ND ISpFKOTS OF the Famine. By a report of the census for Ireland for 1801, which has just been published, wn learn smne heart rending fact respecting tho awful ravages caused by tho fiiiiiiue in that country : " We now beg," snys tlm report, " to call attention to the extraordinary decrease iu the rural population which resulted from the famine nn I emigration "f 1813, and the following year. In the whole of Ireland there lian been a general diminution of tbe rural population of 03 persons lo the square mile of the eniiie area, and of 104 person lo the square mile of arable land." And ihe atim loial of d. crease n given in the two follow ing sets of figure :" The nu meral decrease of the inhabitants between 1841 nnd 1851 amounted lo 1,022,039, or iy.8- per cent ; but this, being merely fh difference between the number of the peo. pin in 1811 and 1951, without making any allowance fur a natural and ordinary in create of population, convey bsit very in adequately i lie effect of'the visitation of famine and pestilence." A very simple additional calculation completes the esti mate, of which thu following is the result: " Wu find thai the population of the SOlIi of March, I Sol, would probably have num. bereil D,trl,7CD, instead of 5,532,390, and that, consequently, the lose of popula tion bp'ween 1841 and 1851 may be com puled at the enormous amount of 2,545, 414 persons." Curious Blunders. Columbus, sailing to America, thought he was discovering a passage lo China, or Cnthey. Even- after it became known that a new continent had? heen discovered, instead of nil old one re visited, geographers labored under many curious and erroneous impressions. Ame rica, beyond its sea.eoast, was shrouded ii mystery, und what lay beyond men could1 only conjecture. America was at first presented aa a great peninirla ef Asia, mixed up and joined with Japan, China, &c. Maps are shown in which China is in the closest neighborhood to Mexico, on which tho Great Bio Cohatadoof California take its source ill Siberia, and where tho Tar tars and their horses and camels- are rep resented about the Rocky Mountain. A Chinese was also shown with his yellow shoes and trowsers', and pointed bonnet, standing upright in the midst of the Ap palachian Mountains, aud not far from hiro tho portrait of an elephant. Thie latter feature was not so far wrong, foreerlainly "t.he elephant" has been extensively seen in this country. But by degsees, a ge ographical knowledge improved, America was disjoined from Asia. Japan kept on the march to the West, and the Tartars, Chinese and elephants were dismissed to their several homes. Portland Trant crijit OCT Tho pear tree will grow in almost any soil, provided the subsoil is not too wet,' bul it thrives best in deep, strong loam. As too luxuriant a growth may induce blight, a moderate top-dressing of manure) in the autumn is all that is necessary. When ihe tree is assailed by blight, the. part edi-cted should be cut off far below, all appearances of disease. The insect, which beset it aro chicAy the caterpillar the bark louse, and the slug-worm, to rem edy .which, soft snap is sometimes spread upon the tree, ora strong bath of whale oil soap suds applied. Air-slaked lime powdered liberally over the tree i useful. 05" Reputation may be tbe reward of mediocrity, and fame of talent that pan der io popular passions ; taut immortal re-' non nisilie endless chant of generation sinking the praise of God-like men, who. have lifted their race toward heaven.. CO" It is impossible, to love one in whose truthfulness we cannot confide; nor te slight one whose word, end purposes and" actions are withont dissimulation. QZT The liar is the greatest fool ; but the next greatest fool is he who telle all be knows. A prudent reticence is the high, est practicle wisdom. Silence has mad more fortunes, than the most gifted elo quence. Lost! Yesterday, somewhere betwee son rise and sonset, two golden hours, eet with sixty diamond minutes. No reward i ofnred for lhj are gvs frrerea.