Image provided by: Crook County Historical Society/Bowman Museum; Prineville, OR
About Crook County journal. (Prineville, Or.) 189?-1921 | View Entire Issue (May 27, 1920)
mOOK COUNTY iOrRNAIi Pftfl It DAIRY FACTS COWS NOW HEAD PROCESSION At Top of Lift of Farm Animal So Far Valua la Concerned Quality la Improving. Tim ptpfltiNlnn which lion boon Ink tng place alPRtllly In I tin dairy In dun try of thin country during the Inst oven year bus at lint put milk rows it Hie head of tlio list of fur in ntilmula o fur aa value la concerned. Thla la ahnwn by remit report by the bo ron n of crop pnlliiinlo, United Htnte department of agriculture. The value- of theae nulmula now rxceeda Hint of b or noil and cuttle olhor thnn milk cows, the two cIiwnpii formerly atnnd ttif hlRlier on the llMt. (in January 1 of llila year there wore approximately I,747,(KK) milk rowa In tbla country, an Increase of 272,0(10 head, or 1.2 per rent, na compared with a your ago. Mm Head of Jaraay Milk Cowl Now Lead All Other Farm Anlmala In Valua, Their aggregate vuluu la placed at $2,- (KJl.llNl.WK). Ten year ago tho average milk cow waa worth .'IT.UI. compared with 178.20 a year ngu nnd $85.13 January 1, 1(120. It la generally recognized that the quality of tlm milk rowa of thla country U Improving at tho same time that their number la Increasing. Tlm rlnxa of nit tie, consisting of on I von, steers, bulla and rowa, not kept for milk production nnd designated na "other cattle," shown a decrease of 7(lO,0K) head, or l.ft ler cent. Ten years ago tho average vnlui) per head of nulmula In thla class, wn $10.07. a your ugo It waa $44.22. und $43.H thla year. Tho immbor of "other cnttle" In tho country at the present tlmo la flntiroxlmntely 44.as.VW0. and their value $1.01 1.575,000. , DRY CORN FODDER AS SILAGE Cattla Llka It and Do Well on It, but It la Not aa Good aa That From Groan Corn. , In reply to numenniH Inquiries on the feeding value of dry corn fodder In comparison with tho fodder used as sllnge, II. II. Klldce, heud if tho Anl mnl Huslmndry Department of Iowa State college, says thnt tho fodder put Into tlio alio mnkoa bettor feed thnn tho dry fodder. Mnny of tho farmer have followed tho practice of tilling their Bllos with dry fodder nfter the silo has been emptied or nourly bo. In ulniost every ciiho tho fodder will need the addition of cniiNlderiible wnter to make good silage. Tho water miiy be put In tho fun-box of the ensilage cutter. Many farmer, however, pump the wuter di rectly Into the alio. Silage mado In thin mnnner la not so Kood n a that made from green corn. Cattle Uko It and do well on It. It Ik reported that luxt your farmers tilled their hIIos as many as three times' with dry fodder. The fodder was cut at the mime time iih the corn for ordinary ullage and was left stand ing In tho Held nntll needed. AVOID DIRECT HEAT OF SUN Proper Care of Cana Must Bo Taken In Transferring Milk to Station for Shipment. In taking tho cana of milk to the station for shipment, euro should be exercised to see that they are covered with blankets In order to keep oft the direct heat of tho aim. Dairy supply houses bundle special blankets for covering cuns which It Is highly de sirable to uso where milk Is shipped for any distance and refrigerator cars nro not supplied. g DAIRY NOTES Keep tho cows In clean quarters. Tho profitable marketing of dairy products Is very Important. . Grass by Itself Is not considered a balanced ration for the milk cow. The smaller the opening Into which tho mlllt goes the foss the danger of dirt. . 1 ' The general farmer Is finding: that the dairy cow la a valuable asset In bis farming operations,. mm, It SUDAN GRASS PROVES MOST VALUABLE CROP nteresting Tests Made at Kan sas State College. Not Only Good aa Other Pastures, But la Equal to a Silage, drain and Alfalfa Hay Ration Cowa Held Up Milk Yield. Hitdiin gruK, when ued for pns turlug Mock, la not only aa good na other pimturea, but la equal to u sil age, grain and nlfulfn buy rutlon, ac cording to an experiment carried on by tho KaiiHiia Htnte Agricultural col lege during the punt summer. Six grndo llolNteln cowa were put mi four acrea of Huilnn grnsa, July 1, and were not Inken olT until Octo ber 10. The rowa uned , in thla ex periment wero taken off of a ration of allnge, grain and alfnlfa hay, when they were plnced on the Sudnn gruaa. After they were on the pasture they were fed only a grain rutlon of corn. bran, und lliiHced nienl In proportion to their milk production. These cowa held up. In their milk production throughout the aummcr. The greulcAt algnltlcunco of thla experiment la thnt Sudan grass will supply pasture during the hot sum mer month when other puitturea fall, nnd Hint rnwi on thla pitsture will yield a a well u IIiomi being fed a reg ulur ration of alluge, grain, und nl ful fil buy. COMBINATION TOOL IS HANDY Bladee Made to Fit Handle .of Hoo for Performing Varloue Taake Around Any Garden. When one gardener had the mis fortune to break bin hoe Just bnck of tlio blude, the Ingenious wny In which he repaired It made It Into a tool more Ueeful Combination Tool. useful than before. He bent a piece of pipe to the ahtipe ahown, fuHtcned the liuiulle tlrinly with a pin, drilled another bole, anwed a alot, and fust- ened the blude with a bolt nnd wing nut. Illadea were then made In va rloua shapes, any one of which could be fastened In the aume alot In the piece of pipe. Thus one tool did the work of three or four. Elmer O. Tetz luff, Cicero, III., In I'opulur Mechlin lea Mugazlne. SHELTER SWINE IN WINTER It la Essential That Young Porkara Be Provided With Well Venti lated, Dry Quarters. Tregnnnt sows In summer enn be turned on tender,, succulent pasture without grain. About three weeka be fore furrowing they should receive a ration of rolled hurley or wheat nine parts und tankage one part, or three pounds of skim mill; to one pound of the above grains. This method of feed ing will Insure strong, lusty, active, new-born pigs. It Is very essential that full pigs be provided with dry and well protected shelter during the win ter, and kept free of lice. ATTEND TO NEEDED REPAIRS Don't Walt Until Tractor Has Stopped Before Making Investigation of Engine. Attend to needed repairs Immedi ately. Don't wait till something goes to smash on your tractor before stop ping. Such a course means money lost for additional repuirs and for extru time lost. It Is the novice that will riin when he thinks his engine needs repairing. The good operator will stop as soon as be thinks all ,1s not as It should be. KEEP BUSY ON STORMY DAYS Splendid Opportunity for Making Neo essary Supply of Flata and Plant Boxes. It Is difficult to get too many fiats or plant boxes on band. Stormy days can be used to advantage In mnklng a sup ply. Use sound lumber nnd make them uniform In size and shape, so there will be no loss of space In the frames and on the greenhouse bench. . . ' MAKE PROFIT RAISING HOGS Necessary That Pigs Be Given Beat of Attention and Feed to Make ... Bualnesa Pay. , ; . A pig Is responsive to good care and feed. Under the present eco nomic conditions It Is necessary that the pig be given the best care and the right kind , of feed In order to make hog raising a real paying propo sition. , Y IM.CMU ... , -:y I f j MAwtai I DAIRY COWS FED TOO MUCH GRAIN Greatest Quantity at Lowest Cost for Production Makes Dairying Profitable. HOLSTEIN COW MADE RECORD Produced Mora Milk and Buttarfat on Paeturo, Silage and Roughage Than When Fed Grain Feed Stuff Grown on Farm. (Prepared by the United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) I'rofltable dulrying doea not conalat In ', producing the greatest possible quantity of milk. It doea consist, however, In produc ing the greatest possible quantity of milk at the lowest possible cost To produce more milk, many dairy men feed too much grain, and pile up atupendoua feed bills. But the grain doea not alwaya Increase the flow of milk above what It would have been without grain, enough to pay the dif ference In the feed bill. Dairy special ists of the United State department of agriculture believe that In many rosea more grain Is fed to dairy cowa that can be Justified by the results In milk and butterfut If your neighbor told you that hla cow, that hud not eaten a pound of grain for a whole year, produced 3,000 pounds more milk and DO pounds more butterfut than she ever did when fed the regular grain and roughage ration well, what would you believe If your neighbor told you that! And yet, that has actually happened. At least. that la substantially the story Uiat the United States department of agricul ture tells about Ita Uolsteln cow, Helen Ullkje Calamity 14557. Up to the time Helen waa eight years old, she had always been fed a grain, silage, and roughage ration, and the best she had ever done was 11,778.2 pounds of milk and 308.30 pounds of butterfut. When she was eight years old, that being In the spring of 1018, It was decided to feed her no grain for a year. She lived for a full 12 months on pasture, si lage, and roughage. And that year she produced 14,210.1 pounds of milk and 470.24 pounds of buttcrfat The experiment was carried out at Hunt ley, Mont A Revolutionary Cow. Helen may pro(ierly be referred to aa a revolutionary cow. Some other cows, In cow-testing associations and elsewhere, have shown similar tend encies. And the result Is that the dairy specialists are urging dairymen to see If It Is not possible to produce milk and butter without feeding so much grain aa la commonly fed. The basis of successful dairy feed ing la now said to be to feed the cows on the stuff that the farm produces Instead of buying a great deal of grain and other concentrates. The dairy man should plan hla feeding and crop growing to take care of the herd be has, Instend of buying as the need arises for more feeil. He should de vote special attention to having the right kind of pasture and the right kind of roughage. If he cannot grow She Produced More Milk Without Grain Than With It alfnlfa, say, he should see what can be done toward growing soy beans or cowpens or some other roughage crop that will supply tho protein needed. Caring for Pasture Pays. In the old dnys, when a cow could he fed on grain and roughage at $5 or $0 a month, there was no great In ducement to take care of pastures. But today It costs from $15 to $30 a month to feed a cow on grnln nnd roughage. Attention devoted to pas ture, therefore, pays bigger dividends than formerly. Dairymen used to fig ure that they must get $15 a year from every acre of land In pasture, and this meant thnt the acre had to pasture a cow for three months. Now, If the same acre pastures a cow only one month, It produces Its $15. If It pastures' a cow for three months It Is producing $15 a year. And the price of pasture land has not Increas ed In that proportion. Therefore, ev ery day that tho cow Is kept on pas ture means n saving of money to the dairyman. It pays, nowadays, to take care of the pastures. And It pays equally well to take care of the rough age. Pasture, forage, silage these things are the essentials In dairy pro duction. , SOLVE WINTER EGG PROBLEM Commercial Breeders Have Diecover ed Importance of Green Food in ' Ration of Fowla. The most Important discovery the commercial breeders have made in the past few years towards solving the winter egg problem has been the dis covery of the value of green- food In a tender, succulent form in the ration. , ,, . 5pJ NEED QUALIFIED SHEPHERDS Important That Sheep Raising Bo En couraged Where Condition Aro i Suitable for It (Prepared by the United States Depart- meat of Agriculture.) "I am not convinced that general campaign to Increase the number of small-farm stock of sheep la thor oughly wise unless the field for such aa effort is) first prepared," aald Dr. J. B. Mohler, chief of the bureau of animal Industry, In en address before the More-Sbeep-More-Wool association. There must be established a popular understanding of principles which ex perienced sheepmen are likely to take for (ranted. "With dairy herds we find that best methods of production seldom prevail when only a few animals are kept The owner of a very small herd Is not often Interested in' better breeding. feeding or disease control. He Is not a dairyman. But when be has a herd of a dozen cows or more he becomes a real asset to a great dairy business. "So with sheep. We must aim, It ap pears to me, not so much for an In crease In the number of flocks as an In crease In the number of sheep kept by men who are real shepherds or have the qualifications and desire to be come shepherds. Nor should we for get that farmer In general may not be versatile enough to add a profitable Select the Individual of the Founda tion Flock with the Greatest of Care. flock of sheep to their present live stock. It Is, therefore, Important that sheep raising be encouraged chiefly where the land and other conditions are suitable for It" MANY ASSOCIATIONS FORMED One of Purposes la to Eliminate Scrub 81 re and Replace Them With Purebred, Fifty-nine live-stock breeders asso ciations, with a reported membership of 1,524, were organized during the last fiscal year with the help of the United States department of agricul ture extension specialists. In addition numerous calf clubs were organized among the boys and girls. Much of the work is being done In regions where the beef-cattle Industry is prac tically new. One of the purposes of beef-cattle extension activities Is to eliminate scrub bulls and replace them with purebreds of good quality. The fed eral workers co-operate with the state agricultural colleges through their ex tension divisions and particularly with county agents. SILAGE FOR LITTLE CALVES Heavy Ration Fed to Young Animal Ha. Tendency to Cause Re peated Scouring. Young calves under a year old do not benefit from a heavy silage ra tion, because on such young ani mals It has a tendency to cause re peated scouring. It can, however, be satisfactorily fed to calves between six months and one year old, provided it is limited to a small part say not more than one-third of the weight of the entire ration. GREATEST DEMANDS ON EWES Imperative That Animals Be In Proper Condition Prior to Lambing for Beat Resulta. It Is during the suckling period that the greatest demands are made on the ewes, and in order to have the ewes In condition to stand this drain on their systems It Is necessary for us to see to It that they are In good condi tion of flesh prior to lambing. MAKE PROFIT OUT OF LAMBS Youno Animal Must Be Fed for Period In Dry Lot on Harvested Feeds for Top Price. While it Is entirely possible to'make money ont of lambs by feeding en tirely In the fields, yet to make market toppers they must be fed for a period in the dry lot on harvested feeds, some feeders combining field feeding and dry-lot feeding jjthe. same, time, i i W MUSCADINE GRAPE IN FAVOR It Product Are Among the Moat De licious Mad From Any Grape Make Money for Women. Did yog ever eat muscadine marma lade? Or drink muscadine grape JulceT Well, a great many people haven't, either, although the musca dine waa growing over the southeast ern coastal plains when the white man came and ha grown there ever since. Its product are among the most de licious made from any grape. Here la a recent proof of that Just before Christmas the dining car superintend ents of three of the largest railway system In the South secured, with the aid of' the United States department of agriculture, a quantity of home made muscadine grape products. The patron of the dining car exhausted them in just one-third the time that it was thought they would last and the superintendents telegraphed rush or ders for additional supplies. That muscadine grape products are Jellies, Marmalade, Juices and Other Product of Grape Are Wholesome, Dellclou and Economical. coming into the popularity they de serve is dne to the work of the home demonstration agents and specialists of the United States department of agriculture and the state agricultural colleges. The girls and women of the states where muscadine grapes can be grown are not only utilizing the grapes already available but are es tablishing and cultivating many home vineyards, with the purpose of making for home use and for market standard Jellies, marmalades, Juices, and the like. Many women and girls are add ing materially to their income by the sale of these Juices. TRADE TERMS ARE APPROVED Pralaed and Recommended by Four Large Fruit and Vegetable Trad Organizations. Four large fruit and vegetable trade organizations have approved and rec ommended and one of them has adopt ed the recently Issued "Standard ltules and Definitions of Trade Terms for the Fruit and Vegetable Industry." accord ing to Information reaching the bureau of markets. United States department of agriculture. In a recent statement Indorsing these standard trade terms the bureau stated that they had been adopted by four large fruit and vege table organizations. Only the Ameri can Fruit and Vegetable Shippers' as sociation has adopted these rules and definitions, although they have been approved and recommended by the Na tional League of Commission Mer chants of the United States, the Inter national Apple Shippers association. the Western Fruit Jobbers' Association of America, as well as by the American Fruit and Vegetable Shippers' associa tion. RUBBERS HANDY FOR PRUNER May Save Accidents Due to Falls and Prevent Scratching and Tearing of Tree Bark. An old pair of rubbers will be use ful for the pruner who must climb In the trees'. . They may save accidents due to falls and they prevent the scratching and tearing of the bark which sometimes occurs when the op erator Is working in the trees vrlth rough heavy shoes. t HORTICULTURAL NOTES t Pruning days. may be done on warm Examine your trees as soon as they arrive and see that they are free from disease and Insects. e A dime saved in using a dirty pack age will knock a quarter off the sell ing price of your fruit. Skillful horticulturists know how to propagate fruits and reproduce the species that are worth it. Take care of the orchard or use It for firewood. Trees unsprayed and not pruned are a source of loss to their owners and. t9 their neighbors. "A """.J? If? ' 'it ROAD BUILDING BUILDING CONCRETE CULVERT Plan Outlined to Do Away With Con struction of Forms Remeay for Undermining, ,-jt r.S ln. n thm trouble ld innieau ul w expense of making forma for tbe con crete culvert. If the ditch 1 temporar ily filled with earth and tamped, these may be made wltb no form t alb One aucb culvert waa made aeveral years ago that has withstood time and frequent use ana is rou - cracks. - ... ... hna thla troe ' The lliuir"" - f culvert or bridge la constructed. writes Dale B. van u .u and Kansa Farmer. " " land 1 to be drained, this may be How Culvert la Constructed. hnilt first and the ditch dug afterward. if an old ditch to to be bridgea. tne fill may be made for the time being and later removed. The concrete is mixed in tbe right proportion and laid on the rounding surface to ine proper thickness, and with suitable re- enforclng. Trenches should be dug at plther side to make a good footing to bold the culvert rigid and to take the weight of loads passing over it Manv concrete bridges fall to atand the test of high waters. If the foot ing Is too shallow, they undermine Remedy for Undermining. during a flood, and either crumble or re made unsafe. A simple remedy for this Is to provide a shallow wall running across the upstream side of the opening, and a part of the bridge. Thla should extend to tbe bottom of the side walls and should not be over five or six Inches above the low wa ter level. This checks any tendency toward undermining and prevents debris from wedging In the bridge. GOOD ROADS INDISPENSABLE Highway Improvement Is Business Proposition With Farmer and City Dweller. When It takes four horses to pull an empty wagon to town and wheat Is going off in price each day; when the mall carrier gives up In despair, and the children cannot get to school, the farmer cannot help wondering how much this condition Is costing him each day. Figure as he may, he cannot get away from the fact that good roads are indispensable to agricultural pros perity. The city dweller is alike concerned. The form on a good road has scores of possibilities for the development of Its resources to every one open to the farm on a poor road. Increased ex penditures greater buying powers. In the early days of poverty many a county bonded Itself for hundreds of thousands of dollars to secure rail roads to promote agricultural develop ment. Three-fourths of all the freight the railroads haul must sooner or later move over the public highways, and every ton so moved is costing at an average rate of 23 cents per mile. Verily, road improvement is a busi ness proposition a matter of dollars and cents. PENNSYLVANIA NOW LEADING Keystone State Led Nation In 1919 In Mileage of Contracts Let for Road Building. Pennsylvania led the nation In 1919 In mileage of contracts let for road construction, according to the state highway department Up to January 1 the state awarded contracts for the building of 679.26 miles of du rable highways. Its nearest competi tor was Illinois, which contracted for 510.70 miles. Pennsylvania's 1920 program calls for the construction of approximately 800 miles of roads. The department says thnt Pennsylvania Is far ahead of other states In the organization It has perfected to build durable high ways. BETTER SCHOOL ADVANTAGES Average of School Year Is 180 Daya In Five States Having Best Road Systems. Good roads make It possible to have better school advantages. In the five states of the Union which have the best system of public highways the average length of school year la 180 days. In the five states that have given the least attention to road Im provements the school year Is lees than half that long. ' . 1 r b ' J