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About Daily capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1903-1919 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 1, 1919)
THE DAILY CAPITAL JOURNAL, SALEM. OREGON. WEDNESDAY. JANUARY 1. 1919. GASOUKE FIRES CAUSE OF PAEilO Experienced Man Knows What to Do and Jumps Immediate !y for Some Preventive. TOP SPEED HARD OH AUTOMOBILES Rushing Car Over Rough Roads Means More Than Incon venience of Occupants. FARMERS IN FAVOR OF RURAL EXPRESS AND WANT IT PERMANENT INSTITUTION YouAreGoingtoBi You Are Undecided i PAGE FOUR iiyaNewTire HAVE SMIL EXTINGUISHER Large Chemical Devices Are Too Bulky and Cannot Bo Laid In Any j i ' Position Start Work of Ex. tingulehing In Drip Pan. When gasoline takes fire It Is a se rious matter, but the most dangerous accessory to a fire Is the one you least expect, namely, panic, writes William H. Stewart, Jr., in New York Times. The average person bus such an un reasoning fear of gasoline that he loses his head completely. The first few fires will leave one completely unnerved for a time, but after a Uttle experience In fighting them panic dis appears and self-control la gained. This does not mean that one should delay or move any more slowly, but should know what to do quickly. Small Extinguisher la Best The novice stands aghast as the first burst of flames come from the carburetor. The experienced man jumps for the nearest preventive. At least one small fire extinguisher should be carried on every cnr. The large chemical devices are too bulky and cnniiot be laid in any position, whereas the ordinary instrument may be stored ewny In a small space. The best place is beneath the hood on the carburetor side. This is where the fire starts and may be reached by raising the hood. Some carry them on the running board, but this Is ob jectionable on account of theft liabil ity. If placed under the seat or se cured by a lock they are not readily placed In service, and the machine may bo badly damaged meanwhile. Always turn off the gasoline at the tank to stop feeding the flames. Or dlnnrliy there Is not more .than two ounces In any float chamber, and this will not last long. All the parts about the carburetor are metal and not eas ily harmed. It is also well to use the self-starter to turn tho engine. This will draw flames into the manifold. Quite often the whole fire may be ex tinguished If this is done In time. Begin at the Bottom. So remember, always start at the bottom and work upward. If there is a flume on tho ground beneath the car uso the self-starter with gears in mesh to move to another position. 8nnd Is good If available, but never throw sand on the carburetor or any other part of the machine. It fulls way, leaving gasoline free to burn, and also gets Into the mechanism, do ing Incalculable harm. On a flat sur face sand is excellent, or any other dry powder. Even flour has saved many a homo where gasoline has been MBed carelessly. The old method of covering tho fire with a rug or carpet Is good, but the extinguisher Is bet tor. This covers the fluid with a lay er of heavy nonliiflauunuble gas which smothers the flume. Everyone knows that any kind of a fire la dangerous, but if tho above suggestions are employed under self control the flamed starting from a carburetor backfire will be efficiently stopped at the source. ONE WHEEL BECOMES LOCKED .Trouble Is Due to Fact That There Is Too Much Play In Brake Link ageHow to Remedy. ! Tho owner who Is not diligent and (neglects the parts he does not see or 'which do not give trouble ti.sunlly may 'find some time that upon starting one jof the wheels becomes locked, even ithough tho brake pedul and lever are ifree. This is duo to the fact that there is so much play In the brake illiikngo that when the hand brake ilcver Is released it merely takes up the pluy, leaving the uulubrlcatcd luicclinnlsra set in holding position. Fills happened recently, and a ham- mer had to be used to loosen tho brako mcchunlsm. If you should hnve fuel ifeed trouble which you cunnot explain lit mny bo caused by pieces of solder In the gas tank. PNEUMATIC TIRES ARE BEST Reduction In Wear and Tear on Trucks and Greater Speed Are Among Advantages. A trip over the Lincoln highway from New York to Philadelphia pro vides many surprises to tourlnf mo torists in the multiplicity of big rub-ber-tlred freighters that ply con stantly between these two cities, haul ing every concelvuble kind of mer chandise. Motor trucking companies are springing op almost dully, offer ing efficient ervlce, which not only helps to relieve the railroads of a portion of their heavy burden, but also offers quicker transportation, In that all termlnul delays, so common to railroads, are avoided. At first these heavy-duty trucks were con fined to the solld-tlred class, but the advantages of big cord tires have led many truck owner to equip their freighters with pneumatic tires. Tbe great reduction in wear and tear on Ilia truck and the greater speed per mltted are among the advantage! that are to be gained. LOOK EEfOEB YOU CEOSS. SOME EXAMPLES ARE CITED Rubber-Shod Wheel Absorb Small Shock and Deaden Larger Ones i Sledge-Hammer Blow s" Are Most Destructive. Hammering a car at top speed over rough roads involves more than In convenience to the occupants. There Is a law of physics which reads that the energy of a moving body varies as the square of Its velocity. Just what this means In relation to the rough handling of an automobile can best be explained by a few examples cited by a well-known engineer. Examples of Velocity. "Donble the speed of a projectile and Its capacity for delivering a blow is multiplied by four. Triple the speed and the energy is Increased nine times. If one bullet has twice the speed of another bullet of similar shape and weight It will penetrate a target four times as deep. If you drop a weight out of a flrst-story win dow It will develop a certain velocity in its fall, but you will have to carry it up three more stories and drop It out of the fourth-story window In or der to give it twice the velocity at the time It Rtrlkes the ground. If an ob ject fulls from a ninth-story window It will be traveling when it strikes the ground at a rate of speed only three times as great as If It fell from the first story, but the blow will be nine times as violent. And, similarly, If the speed of a car is Increased from ten to thirty miles an hour, each ir regularity In the road will strike a blow nine times as violent as before. Reckon Increased Velocity. Engineering problems, which are simple when low speed is Involved, be come enormously difficult when an in creased velocity must be reckoned with. This Is the reason railroad trains running eighty or ninety mile an hour have not proved a practical success. While tho automobile has the ad vantage over the locomotive in that Its wheels are shod with rubber which absorbs small shocks and deadens larger ones, it Is at a much greater disadvantage with respect to the sur face over which it travels. In com parison with the steel rails, the av erage road is literally a aeries of hills and valleys. FILLING BATTERY TOO FULL A Bad a Not Putting In Any Water, as Overflow Runs Into Bottom, Eating It Out Filling your battery too full Is as bod as not putting any water Into it at all. When the cells are too full, rough riding or acupld charging of the but tery due to long sustained or rapid driving forces tho electrolyte to over flow and run down Into the bottom of the battery box. It Is only a short tlmo uutil the acid fluid will eut the bottom out. The motorist should keep In mind that while it Is pure distilled water he puis Into tho cells, It Is not water, but" diluted aeld that overflows. This acid will corrode both wood and steel. In filling tho battery cover the plutes with about a half lueh of water. More than this Is unnecessary. This depth will nllow for tho movement of elec trolyte cnused by rough driving or rapid charging. PIPE EXHAUST FROM GARAGE Old Drain Pipe Is Used for Purpost of Carrying Off Unpleasant or Dangerous Fumes. Asphyxia caused many deaths In garages before it became generally known that a garage must be well ven tlluted and the doors left open if the automobile engine Is kept running any length of time, writes P. F. Avery lu Popular Science Monthly. One owner Old Drain Pips on Garage Floor Car ries Off Poisonous Gases From Auto mobile Engine. of a private garage avoided the neces sity of keeping the doors open by piping the exhaust outside, as shown In the Illustration. An old drain pipe was used for the purpose. It was con nected In such a way that when the automobile was backed Into the ga rage the end of the exhaust pipe en tered the end of the drain pipe. This led down to the floor, where a long piece ran through the wall to the out side and carried all unpleasant or dan gerous fumes to the outside, leaving the Interior free from the poisonous carbon monoxide gas, TEAIN3 BATS EIC-HT-Or-WAYS. Jin watT P'P. New Successful Standardized Truck B One of the Type That Is Solving the Transportation Problem. A counterpart to the many com plex problems that will face allied and American statesmen when ultimate peace comes is the rural motor ex press movement that the government is trying to stimulate to success, writes Walter A Bermingham in Chicago Evening Post. That traditional sus picion thut the countryman is the log ical quarry of the "city feller" still sits fast In the saddle, and until it can be rooted out difficulties will be en countered. Demand of Farmer. ' S. V. Norton, a member of the Ohio state commission appointed to push all truck movements, says that the farmer demands and Is entitled to as many assurances as the allies seek from Ger many. The farmer's position, Mr. Norton says, is both sensible and logical. These conditions he Insists on : Definite assurance that produce he sends will be sold. Sellable agents to sell It for him. BIG ADVANTAGES of rn TRUCK Longer Hauls at Less Cost Dis closed in Reports to Bureau of Crop Estimates. DUE TO GREATER EFFICIENCY Made-Over Passenger Car and Trail er Are Used by Farmers In Vari ous Parts of United States for Hauling Crops. (Prepared by the United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) Motortruck hauls In 1018 from farm to shipping point averaged 11.3 miles, while wugon hauls averaged 0 miles; and a motortruck made 3.4 round trips per day over its longer route of 11.3 miles, while wagons made 1.2 round trips per day over the 9-mlle distance. The estimated cost of hauling In wagons from farm to shipping point averaged in 1013 about 80 cents a ton a mile for wheat, 33 cents for corn, and 48 cents for cotton; for huullng In motortrucks or by tractors the averages tiro 15 cents for wheat or corn and 18 cents a ton-mile for cotton. These figures are based on re- IS Loading Produce Into a Motortruck. ports made by correspondents of the bureau of crop estimates of the United States department 'of agriculture. Motor Cost Declines. A similar Inquiry in 1906 showed an average for wagons of 19 cents per ton-mile for hauling corn or wheat, and 27 cents for cotton. In 1918 wagon costs were naturally higher, since prices and wages have increased, but motortruck costs were much low er In 1918 than even the wagon costs of 1913. due to greater efficiency of the motortruck. The cost of wagon hauling a ton-mile for wheat among the geographic divi sions in 1913 was lowest in the Pacific states, 22 cents. Above this, in order, are the North Central states east of the Mississippi river, with 20 cents; the West North Central States, 29 cents; the West South Central, 82 cents; the Fjvst South Central, 8ft cents; New Eugland and the Middle Atlantic states, S3 cents; the South Atlantic states, 89 cents; and, high BETTER BATE THAN BOEKY. 1 - ' -Vat "The farmer," says Mr. Norton, "be lieves, In the first place, that the mar ket Is overcrowded already. He does not wont to engage In competition that will find him at a disadvantage. "Then, again, he . says : 'If I co operate, who Is going to sell it for meV Furthermore, he wants assur ance that his stuff will be sold and not turned back to him, wilted and use less except as fodder for pigs. Big Questions to Answer. "These are big questions and must be answered to the full satisfaction of the farmer. It Is but natural that the farmer wants to continue to be his own salesman until convinced that dependable capital can do more for him and permit him to devote more time to his farm." Mr. Norton said that the truck hori zon Is full of prospects that large and dependable capital is at work planning to take advantage of them, and that a solution of the farmer problem is not far distant est of all, the Rocky Mountain states, with 42 cents a ton-mile. In motortruck hauling the order of the different divisions; of the country begins with 9 cents a ton-mile for wheat in 1918 In the East North Cen tral, 10 cents in the East South Cen tral, 14 cents in New England, the Middle Atlantic, and the West North Central, 15 cents In the West South Central, 17 cents in the Pacific, 18 cents in the South Atlantic, and 29 cents in the Rocky Mountain states. Trailers Often Used. The motortrucks generally in use by farmers are not large trucks, but small ones whose nominal capacity is usually one to two tons. In quite a number of counties throughout the country the trucks used for hauling are wade-over passenger cars. In some cases light wagons are attached as trailers to ordinary passenger cars and produce lsx taken to market in that way. In North Dakota and Cali fornia, as well as other states, tractors, , each drawing several wagons, are used for hauling grain. Trailers are also used, especially in the West, with horse-drawn wagons. For the United States as a whole the average wagon load of wheat was 55 bushels in 1900 and 56 bushels in 1918, and the motortruck load In the latter year was 84 bushels. For corn, the wagon loads of 1900 and 1918 were 39 bushels, and the motortruck load of . 1918 was 58 bushels. The cotton load for 1906 and 1918 for wagons was 3.4 and 3.0 bnles, respectively, and for motortrucks CO bnles In 1918. MEMORIAL TREES FOR DEAD Governors of Each State Asked to Co operate in Movement for Tree Planting. Motor highways to be marked with memorial trees for the soldier dead is tho plon being urged by the American Forestry association as a suitable way to mark the memory of the heroes of the war. P. S. Itldsdale, secretary of the association, says that the plan is being tuken up by many cities and towns and the movement is assuming country-wide proportions. The Gen eral Federation of Women's Clubs has taken up the suggestion for the Lin coln highway. "A Victory oak or a Victory elm would certainly be the most appropri ate way to remember our soldier dead," said Charles Lathrop Pack, tbe presi dent of the American Forestry associa tion. "The motor has played a big part in the war and It would be a very fine thing for the highway associations to take up this plan. Wood, too, has played a big part in the war and our stocks must be replenished. If each state will co-operate in this movement a living agelong lesson can be taught the coming generations as to the beau ties and value of forestry." letter has been sent to the gover nor of each state asking his co-operation. KEEP OIL, FROM AUTO TIRES Whera Cars Are Kept In Private Garages Box of Sawdust Will Catch All Drippings. Motorists who keep their cars In K private garage should keep a box filled with sawdust en the floor lit such a position that-it will catch oil drip pings from the mud pan and oil reser voir. If allowed to drip on the floor it quickly spreads, and the tires coma in contact with it. The effect of oH oa rubber Is too well known to require ex planation. KEEP YOtXB EYE ON THE BOAS. y What To Buy We appreciate your position in the matter. Too many makes of tires and too Many claims made for them. Republic Tires Are made by one of the largest tire manufacturers in the world $20,000,000.00 corporation. Every Republic tire uses Prodium Process rubber known and used only by the Republic. Every Republic Tire If returned for adjustment, and proves defective is settled on a 5000-mile basis. Republic tires are adjusted by us right here in Salem. The above facts should decide for you what to buy. If you have never used Republic tires, eventually you wilL If you are using Republics your mind is already made up for you will continue to use them. SALEM AUTOMOBILE CO. F.G. DELANO RECORDS ISSUED Government Information Is Seven Years Old. City And County About As Slow. If the farmer or fruit raiser should happen to feel disposed to acquire some information, from tho United Btatcg department of agriculture and should writo to Washington, D. C, for a pamphlet for some real facts as to whether farming is profitable in the Willamette valley, he would receive m due course of time bulletin jo. This bulletin was issued July 27. mix winch would seem encouraging I for up to date information were it not for tho preliminary statement reads: "This bulletin is based on in-f formation secured from tho analysis of j tho year 1912 business, oasea on general farms in Mariou and I'olk comi ties, Oregon, Mid a general farm prnc tico study in the Willamette valley cov ering a period of several years." Anyhow, supposing the farmer has re ceived the bulletin, he will peruso in his efforts t0 leurn something new as to whether farming really pays. om one section ho will read ht 'allowing: "Between 1850 uui 1800 most of tho prairio lands in tho Willametto valley were brought under cultivation. Even as early s 184 there was a surplus wheat crop of 10,000 bushels." Now it the prorpective farmer wants to know sottetLjig about soil in tho valley, tho bulletin is there with tho following information: "The 212 ii.iu.ii which constitute the basis of this study uro located on two distinct types of soil, Salem silt loam and balem any. The Salem silt loam is locally kuowu us valley or prairie soil. Tho Sulcni clay type is locally Known as reu ni soil. The hill soil is on rolling hills on either side of tho valey." The employo of tho agricultural department who dis coveredthat hills are on either side of the valley and who so solemnly records tho fact, was probably in the civil ser vico and his job wus good for a life time. . As to whether tho clay or silt loam farms were the better, this report of things previous t0 1912 which would be very little benefit to the purchaser in 1919 contains the following: "It will bo seen that the 68 cluy farms av eraged 83 acres larger and had a real estato value of 23 per acre less than tho silt loam farms. There was 2.4 per cent nioro of the farm area in improv ed or usable land and 13.8 per cent less of the farm area lying idle as summer fallow on the silt loam farms than on tho clay farms." There you have it. If you want to buy a farm in 1919, you have what the civil service employes of tho department of agriculture thought about it seven years ago. Of all the wuuderf ul changes that have been made iu the valley during these seven years, the department ias no official bulletin or at least has .nt none for distrubu tiou for those interetied. While the government is seven years behind iu giving information as to what is going oa in the Willametto valley, it may be said that neither Marion coun try nr the Salem Commercial club is doing much better o give information as to the radical changes that have been going on in the valley. If an itnerested person applies to the Salem Coniaiereinl club for pamphlets as to present opportunities and as to what can be raised in the valley, the latest pamphlet the club can send is ouo issued about five years ago. There U no up to date nor np to the minute literature published that would give a man back east any idea as to what land eaa be bought for in Marion county, nor what fruit tracts are selling u,r 246 State Street Phone 97 BUMPER CROP IN PEARS AND PRU Berry And Fruit Men On Easy Street In Willamette Valley Mortgages Paid Off. Eobert C. Paulus, manage? of tho Su lem Truit Union, makes the startling announcement that from the way things look, the berry business will bo one of the leading industries of the Wiliu.. ete valley. He also is firmly of the opinion that for fruit and berries there is no special section on this green earth that will compare with the Willametto valley. Therefore, being in tho .fruit and berry business, he is glad he is hers. Taking things in general, Air. Paulus says tho past year has been one of the most prosperous fruit years eyer known in the valley and that although there was a shortage in berries on account of the dry weather, prices were most favorable As for 1919, ho says that on account of tho shortage of food stuffs there will bo a big demand for all kinds of ber ries and fruits and that the indications are prices will' be high. Reviewing the crop of 1918 Mr. Paid us figures things about -as follows: Tho gooseberry crop was only fair but the prices were most satisfactory, running from 3 to 3 cents. Strawberries brought extra high prices. The season was too dry and the crop was cut short. There was a good demand and the price ran as high as from 5 to 6 cents. Loganberries were of a short crop on account of the dry weather. Prices varied this year from tho contact fig ue of 3 cents to as high as five cents. But tho crop was WH pieked and paid. Tho high prices of five cents was paid for jam and jelly purposes. A few who dvied their berries, even received more money from their crop. Cheries appeared at first to bo a short crop but everything turned out most satisfactory. Competition brought the price as high as 7Vj to 8 cents. The highest prices that was ever paid for Koyal Anne cherries in any district in the northwest was paid this year in Sa lem. Cherries turned out to be ot tie finest quality, free from blemish and cherry orchards paid better than ever. Evergreen blackberries bought prices from 6 to 7 cents a pound. Most of the crop was barrelled and shipped east under refrigeration for the manufac ture of jellies and jams and for the pie iudustry. The Evergreen berry indus try promises to be of great importance or what such tracts have been produc ing the past two or three years. There is no recent pamphlet publish ed that will tell the story of the lo ganberry industry. None that will tell of the value of an Evergreen berry tract. None that gi,ves tho eastern farmer looking for a mild climate any information as to what a ten or twenty acre fruit tract will produce. And notwithstanding this lack of ad vertising and pub.icity, real estate won are unanimor ia eaying that prices have stiffened remarkably during the past six months. That they have more inquiries than ever for fruit tracts and property of all kinds. And there is a deep auderlyinf feeling that the Wil lametto valley is eoming into its own within the next few years, notwithstund ing the department of agriculture is seven years behind in printing ofifcial reports of the valley and that no ef fort has been made by Marion eounty or the eity of Salem to let the world know that tho Willamette valley and especially that adjacent to Salem, is God's country and that it has the fin est climate in the whole United States. - A. I. EOFF in the Willametto valley, Mr. PauluS says. They grow wild here but iB oth er states cultivation is profitable. Speaking of berries, Mr. Paulus saya that Suleui puts up more berries than, the famous Puyallup section, generally recognized as the berry section of the northwest. Now Salem takes the hotti or of being tho center. The pear crop was the largest over known in the valley. The price to can aries was $10 a ton for No. 1 and $20 a ton for No. 2. However, tho Salem Fruit union netted its growers $48 a ton for No. 1 and $24 a ton for No. 2. The apple crop wis medium. The quality was good and prices the highs&t ever reeeived for the Wilamete vuHey product. In fact, the apples sold by the'' Salem Fruit union 'brought prices f. o. b. Salem equal to that of tho fa mous Hood River apple and other ad vertised brands. The record breaker of tho year, be sides pears, was the prune crop. The price set by the federal food admiuib tration was satisfactory. Tho quality was the finest ever kuown in tbe val ley. As a result of bumper crops und fair prices, hundreds of mortgages wore paid off on prune tracts. Many grow ers received as high as from $300 to $400 an acre for their prunes, netting them from $150 to $200 an aero. EXTRA COMPARTMENT PUT IN AUTOMOBILE Ingenious Method of Stowing Away Luncheon Equipment Table Is Handy Feature and When Eating In Car Insects and Other Annoyances Are Avoided Place for Other Materials. An ingenious method of construc tion and manner of stowing a folding table, and other details of luncheon equipment, is used by the owner of a light five-passenger car. The tabla consists of two nearly square boards, secured together by two strap hinges on the under side. Two metal slides and two screw hooks are provided for setting it up In the rear of the car, as shown, writes G. A. Luers of Washing ton, D. C, In Popular Mechanics. At the rear of the upper edge of the front Detaila and Arrangement of Foldinj Table. eat, two screw eyes are secured. A leather strap through them serves a i robe rack. The hooks on the edga Jf the table are Disced thmnirh th crew eyes, and the slides are extend- ?a, resting on the doors. The slides ire wooden string set in hat.mt9i straps, fastened to the under .side of je tame. Under the rear floor of the car Is shallow container, and the floor wards have been cut out and fastened ogether to form a cover. The com artment accommodates the tabla j vhen folded, and also other materials, i The preference for eating in the carj irose because of Insects and other an-) loyances, when the luncheon la spread ' idou the ground, J Swct reu onus. ,t . fc-a 1 If SWUtOTASUt, J3JH lM"j.nTUT-ii jy UHDCR F1AOD I