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moderate winds,
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FORTY-FIRST YEAR NO. 45
SALEM, OREGON, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 21, 1918
PRICE TWO CENTS
ON TRAINS AND NEW
STANDS FIVH CENTS
i
v . Dip f mm
m BILL IS
NOWL&HED
BY COMMUTE
President Is Given Supreme
Rate-Making Power During
Period of War
FEDERAL CONTROL IS
LIMTED TO TWO YEARS
Committee Reports Finance
Control Corporation Bill
to Senate Today
WIN FIRST SKIRMISH
Washington, Fob. 21. Ad
ministration forces today won
the first skirmish on the rail
road control bill in the scnato
By a vote of 52 to 23, Senator
Cummins' amendment reduc
ing by $200,000,000 the com
pensation to be paid the rail
roads was rejectcl.
.
.
Washington, Feb. 21. Here
are the outstanding1 - features
of the railroad bill now the
center of congressional atten
tion: The supreme rate making
power 'given to the. president
by the house bill and to the in
terstate commerce commission
by the senate measure.
Limitation of federal control
ta two years after .the war
by tho house bill and 19
months by the senate.
Compensation on the basis of
tho net operating, income of
the last three years.
A revolving ' fund of $500,
000,000, to increase facilities.
Roads to be taxed as hereto--fore.
Not exempt from exeoss
pro-fits tax.
By L. O. Martin
(United Press staff correspondent)
Washington ,Feb. 21 Congress to
day put tho finishing touches on the
railroad control bill the first big
"win the war" measure to be passed
at this session.
The senate began voting on amend
ments with strong hope of getting a
final vote cu the bill itself tonight.
From, two p. m. today debate will be
limited. Senator Lewis, Illinois, is the
only senator with a set speech to make.
Debate ami disposition of the largo
number of amendments will tako many
hours, with five and ten minute speech
es on each.
Senator Cummins has nearly a doz
en amendments, designed to reduce
compensation to the roads, and to de
fine governmental powers moro spe
cifically than the committee bill. Sen
ator Townsend of Michigan has offer
ed a complete substitute bill, while a
eore of other changes will be sought.
There is no doubt the bill will be
passed and Senator Smilh of SoutJ
Carolina, who has charge of it, pre
dicted today it will not be greatly
amended.
Tho house will end general debate on
Continued on page two) -
Abe Martin
Constable Plum has a letter from his
son-in-law savin "I've bought a anto
so I won't have t' listen t' th' war ar-
gyments on th' street cars". Who re-
members when th' girls wore side lace ba, where, upon the recommendation of His physicians eonsider his progress to
slioesf her physician, she will take a long rest ward recovery satisfactory.
ANY RESISTANCE
TO GERMAN ADVANCE
WAS NOT EXPECTED
If Capital Is Defended Hinden
burg's Plans May Be Badly
Disarranged
By J. W. T. Mason
(Written for the United Press)
New York, Feb. 21. Germany's mil
itary advance upon Petrograd is stim
ulating the Russians to a resistance
that may have important consequences
for tho future of events in the east.'
Von Hiudoniburg ordered an easy pa
rade into Petrograd and it is obvious
that hia plans have been disarranged
by the spontaneous demand among tlie
Russians for a proper defense of their
capital. Instead of a sabre-rattling,
heel-clicking march in the true spirit
of Uerman ruthlessness. Von Hinden-
burg has chocked all attempts at speed
records and is sending detachments
ahead of his army to try to argue th
Russians into non-resistance.s
This policy, so contrary to the Von
Hindenburg militaristic ideal, reveals
the fact that the Germans know they
cannot afford a heavy casualty list on
tho eastern front. A determined show
of Russian resistance at this time, in
volving the killing and wounding of a
large number of Germans, would un
doubtedly cause a renewal of unrest
within Germany. Even if Von Hinden
burg were to reach Petrograd, a series
of heavy battles would exact from lain
a greater price than he knows he ought
to pay for the city's capture.
it is impossible to determine in ad
vance how serious end how prolonged
will be the resistance of the Russian
army. Bue new facts are (foming to
light concerning events in Petrograd
that suggest the existence of a strong
offensive spirit. The "willingness" of
the Bolshevik! ministry to sign a Ger
man peace wag carried by a voto of
only live to four. This represents a ser
ious division of opinion on so import
ant a matter and means the Germans
are far from having the game in their
hands. The adoption of a new fight
ing .policy might easily result in Petro
grad, if Russia s new revolutionary ar
my imposes no more than a temporary
chock on Von Hindcnburg'g new of
fensive.
TWENTY-FOUR SAMMIES
ARE BIIEDIN FRANCE
Little Cemetery Close Behind
Lines Growing With War's
Daily Toll
By Fred S. Ferguson
(United Press staff correspondent)
With the American Army in France
Fob. 19. (Delayed) In a little ccine
tery immediately behind the lines of
tho American army where new- twenty
four Americans lie buried, a funeral
service was interrupted by a German
.155 shell. Swishing in during the ser
vices, the shell burst within a few
yards of tho burial party.
The roar of American guns sounded
a requiem for those who have given
their lives in the cause of democracy.
A stono wall separated the American
plots from a cemetery used by the
French near a church.
A priest was praying when suddenly
a German shell exploded with terrific
violence. Pieces flew against the stone
wall and flattened themselves.
None of the party was in jure J, but
the services were abandoned when tho
prayer had been finished.
There lias been heavy artillerying in
the American sector during the last 3(5
hours, as well as aerial activity. Ger
man airplanes have been driven back
after crossing the American lints. The
sky was illuminated at night by the
artillery fire, which continued through
the day.
Mrs. Vernon Castle Will
Wear Ordinary Mourning
New York, Feb. 21 Those who have
bcn anxiously awaiting the appear
ance of Mrs. Vernon Castle, anticipat
ed something new in mourning styles,
will be duomed to disappointment-
At her home here today the widow
of the aviator-dancr declared that the
customarr mourning attire would be in
order.
"Clot host" she queried in a re
proachful tone when asked what stvle
of mourning she would wear. " Why, T
haven t but one dress t my back."
The thought of taking occasion to cre
ate new Ftvle because of her husband's
leath was decidedly distasteful to
Mrs. Castle. Only the simplest creation
an the ordinary black crepe will be
iworn. Of course, the attire will be
made along the distinct Castle lines,
was stated at the home.
Mrs. Castle leaves Saturday for Cu-
PRESIDENT WILL
BE GIVEN POWER
TO CONDUCT WAR
Bill Fathered by Administra
tion Is Favorably Re
ported Today
ONLY MINOR CHANGES
MADE IN ORIGINAL
Executive Given Broad Pow
ers For Reorganizing
Ail Bureaus
Washington, Feb. 21. The sub-com
mittee of the senate judiciary commit
tee today voted, three to two, to re
port favorably the " empowering " bill
designed to give President Wilson au
thority to slash red tape in the war
government. . ...
Senators Overman, Nelson and
Flotchor voted for the favorable re
port, with Senators .Roed and Dilling
ham against it.
Tho committee amended the bill m
several particulars, but did not change
its purpose, that of giving the presi
dent broad powers of reorganizing
governmental agencies in practically
any way he may see fit for more effect
ive prosecution of tho war.
ln!v two amendments limit in any
way his power. One eliminates the au
thority originally conferred for crea
tion of new agencies without congress
ional action. The other provides that
appropriations heretoforo -made for
any exocutive department shall be
spent only for the purposes for which
appropriated and not mado available
as a general fund for all departments.
Fear Effect of Women
Working In Industries
Washington, Feb. 21. Coming gener
ations of Americans are endangered by
the indiscriminate rush of women into
industry. Women should enter only those
lines of work not injurious to their
health and jnorals. There are plenty of
men to take care of the manual labor
jobs and when the supply fails men in
office and "light" work positions
should be replaced by women.
llus was tne warning today of Mrs.
Hilda Mulhausen Richards, chief Of the
women's envision of the labor depart
ment.
' ' Don 't try to be conductresses or mu
nitions workers because you think it ro
mantic," Mrs. Richards said. "There
are plenty of floor walkers and ribbon
counter and otfico .lobs which can be
handed over by their patent leathered
masculino possessors.
"1 have just returned from New
York where I saw women running street
cars. I found the picturesque conduct
resses working from 12 to 14 hours, un
dergoing heavy strain and under very
unfavorable moral conditions.
' ' Ther.- is no pressing need for wom
en rushing into such jobs now. Only
three per cent of tlio male labor supply
has been affected by the draft so far"
Canned Salmon Supply
of Norihwest Is Taken
Portland Or., Feb. 21. The canned
salmon supply of the Pacifie north
west was commandeered today by the
government. Orders were sent to all
local packing companies by Salmon
Administrator Ed B. Dcuiing for hold
ing all canned salmon for army and
navy use. Prices will be fixed later.
The crder covers every sizo ase or
can of salmon and all grades and va
rieties except the "chum" or poorest
grade. All northwest and Alaskan can
aeries are affected-
Preceding the order, Doming sent
requests from Bellingham to all pack
ers and canners, asking an immediate
report on' the amount of salmon on
hand, stating the government desired
it tor the army and navy. Shortly af
ter the information was telegraphed,
the order waa flashed from Bellingham
ordering all salmon in the warehouses
of canners and packers held for the
use of the fighting forces.
The method of price fixing has not
been outlined as yet by Deming. '
COAL SHIPMENTS CONTROLLED.
Washington, Feb. 21. An embargo
against lake shipment of bituminous
coal to North and South Dakota, except
for public utility requirements, is be
ing prepared, the fuel administration
announced today. By shutting off lake
shipments, the Dakotas will be requir
ed to draw on the surplus from Montana
and Wyoming, thus releasing the dock
supply for Illinois and eastern eentera.
CHAMBERLAIN IMPROVES.
Wellington, Feb. 21. Senator Cham
berlain. Oregon, operated upon for an-
peiidicitis. continued to improve today.
ELI1 ROOT III LETTER
OliilATIl SERVICE
DISCOUilTSmCE TALK
Taft and Other Leaders Join
In Urging Nation te Push
War Operations
Chicago, Feb. 21. Urging America
not to ba shaken from war prepara
tions by peace, talk and citing "poor
Russia 's presort condition " as a warn
iug, Elihu Root today addressed a stir
ring letter to the Congress of National
Service, in opening session hero.
' ' The Bolshevik!, ' ' Root - wroto,
wero Tery eloquent about a peace
.without annexations - and indemnities.
Thov filled the minds of tho Russian
peasants with those ideas to such an
xtent"th.at thoy stopped fighting and
stopped making munitions. When thoy
got to Brest;Litovsk they found that
.Germany had no intention of making:
such a peace. '
"She wanted tk Baltic provinces
.of? Russia, and she seized and purposes
.to keep them.
"We must beware of anything in
the rctmostesB dogreo approaching
that."
Root's position as chairman of the
American commission sent to Russia
lent his warning added gravity in the
minds of the 1500 delegates today.
"Sincofe and constructive criticism
on the conduct of tho war is a useful
thing, " continued Root. "But we all
must be careful that neither short
comings nor criticisms tend in the
slightest degree to divert or decrease
tho hcartanoBs with which we all sup
port andi reinforce the president and
his officers carrying on the war."
Urging a permanent policy of uni
versal military training and a definite
financial program for this war, Gov
ernor Frank O. Lowden, of Illinois to
day opened tho session of tho congress.
Adoption of these two policies now
would "shatter the hope of the cen
tral -empires that we may become war
weary," Lowden said.
Former President Taft ami the gov
ernors of eight states are expected to
address the congress, whose 1500 dole
gates will formulate plans to educate
the American people concerning war
problems and the new- responsibilities
if citizenship.
Declaring that fi' hio war pafty
which hatched this war half a een
tury ago is now in supreme control of
Germany," London said further:
"If our poople understand the war's
meaning they will pay tho price, what
ever -it may be, for complete victory-
"This is a war of democracy; but it
is something more- It is the eternal
war of good and evil. It is our second
war for independence. It is a war bo
tweon the spiritual and" the material
forces of the uuivorso for supremacy
in the world."
Universal military training will give
America security for tho future, Low
den declared.
Ian Power at Premixn
Says General W. A. White
Now York, Feb. 21. "Right now.
when tho man power is at its highest
premium, the American public has the
rowor to netun.lljy -"Create additional
forces for tho fight to save civilizaa
tion." said Brigadier General W. A
White, head of the British and Cana
dian recruiting mismon, in an inter
view with the Mnited Press.
"Under the new convention agreed
to by Grc-at Britain and the United
States, all British subjects subject to
serviee, now residing; in the United
State? will be allowed sixty days in
which to enlist under the British flag.
If they do not take advantage of this
opportunity they will become subject
to draft into tho United PMes nrmy.
"Thus ovury man who enlists during
these sixty days actually adds one in
dividual unit to the fighting forces
arainst the kaiser," explained General.
White. "The United States will rai?v
an army of .a certain size nnyway. If
a British subject remains hero and is
classified under tho draft, ho will not
add to the siz,vof the American army.
But if he joins the British forces he
adds one individual to the man power
of tno allies.
"It is also a fact that wo are in a
position to train men much moro rap
idly than i3 the United States army.
This is very natural for we have been
in this war now for almost four years.
Our machinery for developing soldiers
is complete. Therefore, .a man joining
our forces be.-omes an actual fighting
unit on the western front much sooner
than if he goes into, tho American
army.
"Now we are launching a national
campaign to enlist as many as possi
ble during the next sixty days, before
they become subject to the United
States draft. In this work we ask the
k-ooperHtion of the American; public
overywhere in urng our citizens to
come forward and join tho colors. Ev
ery American who helps in this recruit
ing will actually increase the forces
upon whom has fallen tho task of sav
ing civilization ami making the world
a decent pla"o in which to live."
It is intended to increase the number .
of ehaj.lains in the army. There is also'
increasing demand for sky-pilots in the.
aviation service.
AERIAL CAVALRY IS BUSY
ABOVE BELLIGERENT LINES
BEFORE COMING OFFENSIVE
Thirty-Five German Planes
Destroyed In Past Three
Days by British
By William Philip Slmms
(United Press Staff Correspondent)
With the British Armies in The Fiold,
Feb. 21, Aerial cavalry has been suc
cessfully and extremely busy during the
past few gorgeous days in the high,
freezing, sun-fillea heaven.
. The kaiser's aerial Uhlans continue
to battle Britain's cloud-hurdling lan
cers, which are daily observing prepar
ations for the German offensive.
Thirty five German planes have been
destroyed in the past three days and
nineteen driven earthward, uncontrol
led a total of 54 "quietused" by. the
Britishers, of whom only ten are miss
ing, despite the severest and almost un
ending fighting, day and night.
While Hindenburg and Ludendorff
are poring over the details of their im
SCENES AT BREST-LITOVSK
WHERE PEACE NEGOTIATION
WERE FINALLY BROKEN OFF
Rejection
ion of German Terms
by Trotsky Caused
Dramatic Scene
The following dispatch filed last
Saturday relates the scenes at the
breaking off of peace negotiations
at Brent Litovsk the first detail
ed account of that dramatic oc
currence. ,
By Joseph Shaplen
(United Press Staff Correspondent)
'"Petrograd, Feb. 16. (Delayed) Tho
central powers' delegates refused tho
proposal of Foreign Minister Trotsky
to send a German officer to Kieff to
prove that the Ukraine Rada (govern
ing body) did not exist.
The following day the tenth plonary
session of the peace conference was
called.
Foreign Minister Kuehlmann, flushed
with his diplomatic victory over the
Ukraine, arose to present General Lu
dendorff 's ultimatum, directed at tho
Bolsheviki.
Austrian Foreign Minister
Must Aitswer Socialists
Washington, Feb. 21. When Count':
( zermn again answers President Wil
son s peace proposals in tho Austrian
parliament, he will have a new force
to consider. This is the belief here to
day following publication of a United
Press dispatch from The Hague tolling'
oi a socialist qeniand for considera
tion in Austria of tho American presi
dent 's proposals.
Tho feeling here is that the wedge
between Germany and Austria is slow
ly but surely being forced- Whether it
eventually will lead to an actual
breach between tho two nations is a
matter of conjecture, but in circles
close to tho situation the belief is it
will not at thig time. Military men
point out Austria cannot afford to
split with her powerful ally.
Ihe demand of the socialists, how
ever, is a straw, bonding to the cur
rent diplomats believe is forming in
Austria- It is an indication, they de
clare, that President Wilon s state
ments are having the desired effect.
How much power tho group of social
ists has to influence the government
is unknown here. I
General weariness of tho war, to
gether with a growing dissatisfaction
with proposals that Austria join a new
drive on Russia, is believed to bo re
sponsible for the demands.
Fast Passenger Trains
Taken Off by McAdoo
Washington, Feb. 21. Through pas
senger service between New York and
Chicago will soon be limited to one fast
train each way, day and night, it was
officially stated today at the railroad
administration offices here.
This marks the inauguration of a nation-wide
clipping of fast passenger
service between practically ait the big
cities of tho country.
Surveys were being made today by the
railroad administrator to determine ex
act passenger conditions at all points,
what service may be lopped, what con
ditions must first be altered to permit
of tho sweeping curtailments which
eventually will come.
What line will be used for the reduc
ed New York-Chicago Service has been
left to Regional Director Smith at New
York, it was stated. Fourteen fast thru
trains now run between the two cities;
four leaving terminals at the same time.
None, according to Director McAdoo
carried a full complement of passengers.
pending forlorn hope, the air is filled
with the throbbing of motors, the faint
patter of machine guns and the thunder
of air bombs exploding in towns and
villages behind the firing lines.
The British airmen have dropped huge
quantities of explosives on billets, am
munition dumps, railway stations and
aerodomes in northern France. They at
tacked enemy quarters from just above
the roofs, machine gunned march col
umns, disrupted transport trains and
wrecked big gun pits. The fine, freez
ing weather has aided them greatly.
Meantime, British troops are busy
raiding and repulsiiigVaids. Short sharp
clashes are constantly occurring on the
frozen earth of No Man's Land. The
ice in shell holes is sufficiently strong
to support the death grappling nren.
The Britishers are in fine, fettle, not
nervous and ready whenever Hinden
burg starts. While this may happen any
day, the Germans may try to surprise
the allies by a sudden shift, or may
attempt to produce a state of "nerves"
by further dolay.
Trotsky, anticipating him, took the
floor and read tho declaration, break
ing off the negotiations. There was
dead Bilonce.
When Trotsky had concluded, Kuehl
mann and General Hoffman sat appar
ently stunned. Kuehlmann finally hinted
it was "impossible to quit the war
cart without tho propor ticket."
"You evidently aro suggesting that
your guns are a proper substitute for
propor judicial formula," said Trotsky.
Hoffman nodded affirmatively.
"I don't believe the peoples of Aus
tria and, -Cermany , will permit you to
do that," continued the Russian minis
ter. Nona of the central powers' represen
tatives Tcplied.
Kuehlmann finally muttered that it
was nocesBary to settle the diplomatic
details and suggested another session.
Trotsky refused, Baying: "We must
return to Petrograd; 'we have no more
to say. If you have anything to say,
the radio is still working."
The Russian' delegates departed with
out bidding farewell and refusing to
shako hands.
Former Mayor Mitchel
In Aviation Service
San Diego, Cal., Fob. 21. For
mer Mayor John Purroy Mitchel
of New York today reported for
duty at tho North Island army
aviation station. He has the
rank of major and joined the
corps in New York immediately
after his defeat for re-election.
Murdered His Wife
and Shot Himself
Los Angeles, Cal., Feb. 21. Don Van
Dusen, 25, traveling salesman, today
shot and killed his wife, Mrs. Anna
Van Dusen, 22, in tho heart of tho City
and then killed himself.
Two men, It. P. Jackson, and J. R.
Mintcr, saw the tragedy.
They were approaching a street cor
ner when they saw Van Dusen raise
the gun and fire five shots point blank
at his wife. She fell to the sidewalk,
dead, a bullet through her heart.
Jackson and Minter started in pur
suit of Van Dusen who ran a block
through tho drizzling rain, as they were
about to overtake him, Van Dusen lift
ed tho revolver to his head and pulled
the trigger. He fell dead.
Police are attempting to establish
a motive for the tragedy.
Germans May Bend
But Cannot Break Lines
New York, Feb. 21. Tle Germans
may bend our lines in some places, but
they can never break it, was the mes
sage brought back to America by Ma
jor General H. A. Greene, today. Greene
is commanding the national army div
ision at Camp Lewis.
"The British will stop any drive
mae against them and so will the
French," he said. "As for the Amer
icans, it goes without saying they will
bring to a halt any thrust made at
them by the enemy."
General Greeno saw Major General
Wood in Paris and stated that he was
rapidly recovering from the wounds he
received while at the French front.
Other returning commanders were Ma
jor General D. T. Allen, commanding the
national army of the southwest, and
Harry C. Dale, who command comes
from" Kentucky and Indiana.
RUSSIAN ARMY
CONCEUTRATESTO
HALT INVADERS
General Bonchbruyevitch Is
Placed In Command of
Defending Annies
. . ' en
LENINE IS FOR PEACE
BUT COUNCIL OPPOSES
Berlin Reports Steady Ad
vance Along Four-Hundred
Mile Front ;
By Joseph Shaplen
(United Press Staff Correspondent)
Petrograd, Feb. 19. (Dolayed) Th
Russian armies are concentrating at
Vitebsk, under General Bonchbruyevitch
to halt the German invaders.
(Vitebsk, is a Russian province, Vo-
dering on Courland and Livonia. It
capital of the same name lies about
250 miles east of Riga and 300 miles
south of Petrograd.)
Commanders of the Russian army on
the whole front have ordered demobil
ization halted und wired the soldiers in
Petrograd:
"Dp your duty; defend the revolu
tion." By an overwhelming majority the Bol
sheviki and revolutionary socialists of
the left in the central executive com
mittee voted to defend Petrograd at all
costs. A mobilization of ull workers is
being considered.
The information flashed to the Smol
ny Institute that if the majority so
cialists do not break with the German
government the independent socialist
will start a civil war.
The Germans have occupied Hapsal
(a seaport on the Gulf of Finland 68
miles southwest of Revnl) and arrested
nil the officials and members of the
soviet. '
From Dvinsk (125 miles east of Ri
ga) the enemy is advancing toward
Pskoff (an important railroad center
about 100 miles northeast of Dvinsk and
175 miles southwest of Petrograd.
The Austro-Gcrinans are concentrat
ing along tho southwestern front while
forces of tho Ukraine Rada are con
centrating at Brest Litovsk under Ger
man generals.
A report was received from Kioff to
day that tho Rada had proclaimed ac
ceptance of the Austro-Hungarian pro
tectorate COUNCIL PREFERS TO FIGHT
By Joseph Shaplen
(United Press Staff Correspondent)
Petrograd, Fob. 20. (Delayed).
American Ambassador Francis and the
allied envoys nt noon today were pre
paring for a quick departure from Pet
rograd. They were overwhelmed by the
sudden news of Ldnine's and Trotsky '
"willingness' to sign tho German-dictated
peace. They declared, however,
that even a separate peace would not
mean a break between Russia and the
allies.
The members of the left created a
stormy sceno in the executive council
when they heard Lenine's report on
tho decision to nnnounco Russia's wil
lingness to sign tho peace pact. If the
Germans spurn tho offer, they said,
there is certain to be a terrible' bat
tle. "If General Hoffman continues the
war, he will restore the nobles and land
lords and bankers," tho Frvada declar
ed. "We will fight to the last bullet
and the last man."
Premier Leuine was tho chief advo
cate of the wireless sent out from here
announcing Russia's willingness to siga
the German peace. Four other commis
saries supported Lenine, while four op
posed him.
The opinion prevails here that Pet
rograd 's fate will be decided in a fort
night. The commissaries (ministers) peac
decision was reached after two extrs
sessions.
War Commissary Podvoisky reported
tho organization of scores of thousands
of red guards.
Members of the Fetrograa garrison
nrenared for a desperate defense and
aro throwing up trenches around the
city.
The BolsheviKi ecnt an uiumaium it
tho Don Cossacks, ordering them to
surrender. A desperate rifle battle fol
lowed. The Cossacks retreated to Ros
toff (on the Don river about 25 milea
from its mouth) where they are being
besieged.
The above dispatch said Ambassador
Francis and the allied diplomats were
to leave for "San Francis" which may
have meant "San Francisco" but waa
garbled in cable transmission.
This would 00 tne only comparatively
safe route they could travel. On the
north, the Finnish revolution is under
way; or flie west and southwest the
Austro-Germans are advancing; while
on tho south, the Cossacks are threat
ening.
(Continued on page two)