Daily capital journal., January 08, 1918, Image 1

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SALEM, OREGON, TUESDAY, JANUARY 8, 1918
PRICE TWO CHNTS
ON TRAINS AND NEWS
STANDSFIVE CENTH
FORTY-FIRST YEAR NO. 7
lf L d- if
"Compelling Joice of Russia" Seeking, Honorable and
Permanent World Peace Impelled President to State In
Detail the Things America Insists On As Necessary to
Any Peace Agreement-League of Nations to Enforce
Covenants Is Last But Not least Demand
By Robert J. Bender,
' (United Press Staff Correspondent.)
Washington, Jan. 18. America's aims in a world at
war were outlined today by President Wilson.
4 To clarify before the fighting powers this country's
objectives in continuing the bloody strife, the president
asked a joint session of congress for 12:30 and delivered
his message in person.
The decision of the president to follow Lloyd-George
in setting orth terms of peace took Washington com
pletely by surprise.
The president played his usual 18 holes of golf this
morning. Immediately on returning from the links he
called upon Secretary Tumulty to make the single an
nouncement that he wanted to address congress "on our
international relations."
Shortly before 12:30 the president arrived at the
capitol and for the second time within a week was escort
ed to the house rostrum. This time, however, an air of
.tense expectancy tingled in the chamber as the members
took thir seats.
The president addresses the entire world in delivering
his speech before congress. .. .
. The address was transmitted by cable by the govern
ment to every civilized country in the world.
An Address totbe World
Washington, Jan. h. The presidents
uddress follows: '" '
"Gentlemen of the, congress:
"Onco more, as repeatedly before,
Hhe spokesmen of the central empires
liave indicated their desire to discuss
the objects of the war and the pessi
l!e basis of a general peace. Parleys
hive been iu progress at Brest-Litovsk
between Russian representatives
Bind .representatives of the-Central
Powers to which' the attention of all
the belligerents has been invited for
the- purpose of ascertaining; whether it
may be possible to extend the-.e par
ities into a general conference with
re sard to terms of peace of settlement
The Russian representatives present
ed not only a perfectly definite state
jiiient of the principles upon which
J!:ey would be willing to conclude
peace, font also an bqually definite
)rogrnm of the concrete application
of those principles. The .representa
tives of the Central Powers, on their
art, presented an outline" of settle
Jncnt,, which; if much less definite,
FOURTEEN THINGS
Washington, Jan. 8. In terms specific and un
questionable, President Wilson today stipulated
before a joint session of congress the aims for
which America is now fighting. This country, he
said, will continue the struggle until these are
achieved.
It was the "compelling voice of the Russian peo
ple," asking a definition of America's "principles
and purposes," that prompted the president to
speak today. And it was largely to Russia that his -speech
-was directed.
He struck out at the sinister activities of the
German rulers, demanded the light on all future
negotiations and treaties and held resolute to his
stand for territorial adjustments that will insure
peace.
These are the terms he outlined and each was
met by prolonged applause from the legislators:
1- -Open covenants, openly arrived at, with no
ensuing secret treaties.
2- Freedom of the seas in peace and war, except
as closed by international action for enforcement
of international covenants.
3- Trade equality among nations consenting to
the peace.
4- -Reduction of armaments.
5- Impartial adjustment of colonial claims, with
regard for the voice of the inhabitants.
11
seemed susceptible 'of liberal fnterpre
tation until their specific program of
practical terms was added. That pro
gram proposed no concessions at all,
either to the soverignty of Russia or
to the preference of the populations
with whose fortunes it dealt, but
meant, in a word, that the Central
empires were to keep every foot of ter
ritory their armed forces had occupied
. eVeny province, ievery city, .(every
point of vantage as a permanent addi
tion K their territories and their pow
er. It is .a reasonable conjecture that
the, j;enoral principles of settlement
which they at first suggested origin
ated with the more liberal statesmen
of Germany and Austria, the men who
have begun to feel the force of their
own people's thought and purpose,
while the concrete terms of actual set
tlement came from the military lead
ers who have no thought out to keep
what they have got. The negotiations
have been broken off. The Russian rep
(Continued on page three)
NAMED THAT 1ST
Seattle Will Open
Municipal Fish Market
Seattle, Jan. 8. The city of Seattle
goes into the fish business within the
next week, and will retail salmon at
7 cents per. pound. At present, salmon
is retailing at from 22 to 30 cents a
pound.
Health Commissioner McBride, detail
ed for the work by Mayor Gill, has
selected a site for tho city's stall in a
public market, and thd supply of sal
mon will be obtained from the state
fish hatcheries which have also offored
to furnish other. cities in Washington
through Fish Commissioner L. II. Dar
win. The fish will be shipped to Seattle
after they are killed and tho spawn
utilized at the hatcheries. -
KE EXPECTS TO SAVE
$400,009,000 YEARLY
?i OPERATING ROADS
Sweeping Economies Will Be
Inaugurated Following
Passage of 631
Washington, Jan. 8. Director Con
eral McAdco plans on saving $400,
000,000 annually in federal operation
of the railroads.
Sweeping economies will be inaug
urated immediately after passage of
the railroad control bill now Being
considered by congressional commit
tees. These economies are expected to
net more than sufficient, money to pay
the increases to be granted railroad
workers.
Aside fiYomj 'Mio saving automatic
in centralizing authority and unifying
all tho systems into a single national
line hundreds of thousands cf dollars
will bo saved in the following moves
contemplated:
Cut in big salaries and elimination
of unnecessary executives-
Kl'J-ninaticn of lelribeito - structure
of , competitive agencies under private
management passenger aud freight
solicitors, advertising. '
Conservation of coal by curtailing
unnecessary traffic, j,
Ttemendous savings and much add
ed incomo aro expected through
prompt unloading of cars, demanded
by MeAdoo and to bo drastically en
forced if necessary, and through elim
ination of much back unuling by pri
vately owned switching roads at ter
minals will be smashed by McAdco.
Since these roads for the most part
merely intor-B'witch within terminals
and operate between manufacturing
plants iu the town, tney are not with
in tho meaning of "common carriers '
the interstate commerce commission
holds, and, therefore, won't get the
three year guaranteo promised other
roads.
In ceatJifM of a common (buying
agency for all tlie roads operating un
der him, MeAdoo will effect another
saving in purchasing materials. Thru
tho government's power to fix prices,
further savings can be enforced.
TFO AMERICANS GASSED.
Ottawa, Ont.jIan. 8. The following
Americans aro mentioned in today's
casualty lists:
Gassed: '
A. W. Brand, Freewator, Oregon.
Ill:
II. A. i-'indy, Soda Springs, Idaho,
BE EMBODIED
6 Evacuation of all Russian territory and as"
surances of her unhampered opportunity for prac
tical and economic developments.
7 Evacuation and restoration of Belgium.
8 Evacuation of French territory and righting
the wrong done France by Prussia in 1871.
9Readjustmen't of Italian frontier along lines
of nationality.
10--Autonomous " development for Austria
Hungary. llEvacuation and restoration of Rumania,
Serbia and Montenegro with access to the sea for
Serbia and relations of the several Balkan states to
be determined by friendly counsel.
12 Sovereignty for Turkish portions of the
Ottoman empire with autonomy for other nation
alities now under Turkish rule and permanent
freedom of the Dardanelles.
13 An independent Poland with access to the
sea.
14 A league of nations to enforce specific
covenants.
To release this embodiment of "justice to all
peoples and nationalities," that "they may live on
equal terms of liberty and safety with one another
whether they be strong or weak," the president
said the American people "will devote their lives
and honor."
DEVELOPING PLA
TO NAKESIREANS
HELP RAILROAD
Administration Wonjd Use
Streams to Relieve iraffic
Congestion
,
WOULD KEEP CONTROL
IN GOVERNMENT HANDS
mid Also Utilize Power
. Would Be Victory for
Conservationists '
By-1. O. Martin
(Unitod Press Staff Correspondent)
Washington.. Jau. 8. The administra
tion water power and power develop
ment bill is ready for introduction in
congress, co-ordinating water transpor
tation with rail and produce a tremen
dous expansion of the country 'a water
facilities by harnessing the country's
streams.
The measure embodies the ideas of the
president, Hecretary of War liaker, Sec
retary ol Agriculture Houston, Secre
tary of the Interior Lane and other
leading conservationists iu congress.
Kot only is it designed to increase
transportation aud power facilities, but
it also is expected to settle a ten year
fight over who shall control, the coun
try's streams. Conservationists in con
gress have been battling desperately to
Keep the water power out of the hands
of the power trust. Tho proposed bill,
Representative Ferris, Oklahoma, said
today, would preserve .the public rights
forever, at tiie samo time giving the
public the fullest benefits from their
development.
Commission Created.
" The bill creates a commission com
posed of the secretary of war, secretary
of agriculture and secretary of the in
terior, to have charge of developing the
country 's water power.
Tin; president is authorized to appoint
an executive ofticer for the commission,
through whom its policies shall be car
ried out. He is to serve for five years
at $10,000 a year.
Ho is given power to issue licenses
fjo construction of dams, reservoirs,
p.iwer houses, transmission lines or any
other projects which will aid in power
development or improve navigation. Li
censes are for fifty years. Licensees
must submit ail plans for improvement
to the commission, which may alter
them if it sees fit.
Licensees must pay an annual fee or
rental to the government, to be fixed
by the commission, but in the case of
water development to be not less than
teu cents a year for each horsepower
developed. This charge is not to be im
posed on states or cities wishing to
build municipal power and light plants.
May Control Power
The federal government is to be giv
en free power to operate locks. If the
government wants any power plant for
the manufacture of txplosiyes or fixa-
(Continucd on page three)
ANY PEACE
t
MPT tti
it
1
JEW GETS HIGH PLACE.
London, Jan. 8. Universal
satisfaction was expressed iu ail
quarters today over the selection
of Jiarl Reading, lord chief jus
tice of England, as British high
commissioner and special ambas
sador, to tho United States.
The appointment is revolution
ary, not alone in that it is tho
first time that the second high
est judicial official in Knglund
has been requisitioned for dis
tinctly political aud business af
fairs, but in that the appointee
is ot Jewish extraction. Karl
Reading is the sou of au obscure
Jewish immigrant.
GIGANTIC GERMAN
THRUST IMPENDING
SAYS SECRETARY
Says Most Tremendous Effort
Wl Be Made lo Smash
Western Front
Washington, Jan. 8. A gigantic Ger
man thrust on the west frout possibly
their greatest assault during the war
is impending, Secretary of War Eaker
declared in his weekly military review
todav.
In the great battle, the Germans,
Baker taid. "may be counted upon to
Htraiu (.very fiber of their remaining
strength in an endeavor to make their
plans succeed."
Tho delay in the assault, predicted
weeks ago by the German press aud
allied war chiefs, has been due to the
time necessary for concentration of
"large troop masses, adequate military
and ample reserves of munitions," Ba
ker said. '
lie counsels the American- pcoplo
"on the eve of a possible German of
fensive" to recall that the allies in
tl... 1... ..a Dlor.tr. ft.imn ,nt vii't.nr-
LOW IIHYC
kju n.
The text follows:
"ix weeks have elapsed since the
first rumors reached us cf the great
thrust iu the west which the enemy then
announced as imminent.
' In order to concentrate large troop
masses, adequate artillery and ample
resenes of munitions, muefr time is re
qiired. "Though the German higher command
has so long delayed before beginning
operations advices received seemingly
cCMfirri the information that important
sclions are contemplated along the west
ern front.
"TI.ey may be counted on to strain
eve-v fiber of their remaining strength
in nil endeavor to make their plans suc
ceed.
"In considering the general military
situation on the eve of a possible Ger-
... l. U...1 4-kn
mar. offensive, It ;nusi oo rec.uiiou tnai
through sixteen successive buttles of
great magnitude in Flanders, tho Brit
ish have every time come out victorious
and pushed steadily ahead. Their gains
have been methodical and cumulative.
"Tho Germans have during this lung
scries of major operations invariably
been forced to give way.
"The French stood like a rock at
Verdun and soon after drove forward
victoriously in thft battle of the Homme
ami ir turn, played a great part in re
peated drives in Flanders.
"Tl,o imnendinir German offensive
will possibly bo their greatest assault.
"The French and British armies cm
bo relied upon to withstand the shock' '
WOI AT 01 SESSION
African and National Mag
Efctcs to Arrange Schedule
for 1913
Cincinnati, O., Jan. 8. -Providing Ban
Johnson's train from Chicago is not
too late, the National Commission will
wind up its annual meeting here today.
Chairman Herrmann said he believes
all the business coming before the com
mission can be transacted at one ses
sion. Following the commission meeting.
Ban Johnson and William Harridge of
the America-i league and John Heydler
and Barney Dreyfus of the National
league, will get together here on the
1918 schedules. The plan for them to
go to Dover Hall, Georgia, to draft the
playing dates has been called off on
account of the uncertainties of railroad
travel.
Charlie Iferzog was traded half a doz
en times today. A deal whereby he will
go to the Braves and Larry Doyle to
the Giants received considerable cre
dence. Dick Kudolph, it was also report
ed, would be seen in a New York uni
form again.
The matter of war taxes was taken np
by the National league. National league
...-.nil. onnfirmed President Tener's ai-
poiutment of John Heydler of the lea
gue; John Foster 01 tne uianrs ami
(Continue? on page six)
15,008 ACRES OF UP WERE
OHiED BY MID STATES
OriEGON SUPREME COURTTODAY
Opinion In Six of Seven F. A. Hyde Land Cases Handed Dawn
-4240 Acres In Other Tracts Excepted From This
Ruling Attorney General Brown Wins Notable Legal
VictoryFailure or Refusal of Commissioner of Land
Office to Appear In Cases Will Compel Another Action
In a lengthy opinion written by Justice McCamant the
supreme, court this morning passed upon six of the seven
cases before it concerning the F. A. Hyde land cases.
The court held that the land involved, all except 1,240
acres was obtained by fraud. The opinion goes Into
minute details pointing out wherein' the frauds consisted,
and while holding that 15,000 were obtained fraudulently
says that as title had passed to the general land office it
could not revert to the state without the government
appearing in the case. It will require that suit be com
menced by the U. S. district attorney to have the govern
ment relinquish title to the state.
These suits were commenced while Governor "West was
in office, but from so'me cause Attorney General Craw
ford allowed them to remain pigeonholed.
MIDDLE WEST BUSY
DIGGING ITSELF OUT
OF DEEPOW BANKS
Weather Bureau Promises
More Snow Cost Chicago
Nearly
Three Millions
Chicago, Jan. 8. Tho middle
west
was digging itself out today.
Knilroads were gradually working
back to normal schedules, interurban
and street car lines were beginning to
operate and business was resuming its
usual trend, following the heaviest
snowstorm in 'the history of this sec
tion. There was still a serious fuel and
milk shortage in many sections, owing
to tho difficulty of' local -deliveries,
but the situation was being relieved
through the volunteer labor of thou
sands of citizens, armed with shovels-
Tho temperature had dropped sev
eral degrees aud was two above zero
in Chicago early today. Tho weather
bureau premised more snow, on top of
tho foot and a half fall of the last
two days, but nothing so serious as
tlui recent, blizzard was . anticipated-
City officials estimated that the
blizzard cost Chicago alone about $2,
615,000, including li-ss of business to
merchants and transportation compan
ies. Know shovolers' wages reached tho
high mark of SO cents an hour today
with tho railroads paying the top fig
ure. Milk sold ns hiyh as 25 cents a
quart and even at that price was un
obtainable in the outlying districts.
Tu-nioa uLi -iiimikeri. marooned at
Carv, HI., where thev were practicing
for tho championship"s late this month,
slid the 35 miles to Chit-ago on run -
ners.
Spreckles Wms Suit
Against Oregon Railroad
San Francisco, Jan. 8. Litigation
dating back to 1 Si9 ended today with
a decisiou by the United .States circuit
court of appeals in favor of J. D.
Spreckles and company in its suit
against 11. A. Gruhum, builder of tho
Coos Bay, Koseburg and Kastern rail
road and Navigation company, an Ore
gon lino serving the Beaver Hill coal
mines.
The late E. H. Harriman Collis P.
Huntington and Kusscl Sage were in
volved in the action which was brought
to recover $1,220,000 iu stocks and bonds
pledged by Graham as security for
money advanced by the Spreckles com
pany to build the Coos Bay railroad.
ALIENS CANNOT FISH.
Astoria, Or., Jan. 8. Close to BOO
Austrian members of the locul fishing
colony will not be able to engage in
gill netting on the lower Columbia river
next year if the enforcement ot ine
e-'emy alien act is as rigid as proposed
ti day by Carl D. Shoemaker, state fish
and game warden. According to Shoe
maker, no enemy alien who has not
applied for second citizenship papers
within five years will be allowed
fit.
to
If Rusvia keeps on fussing around
with the Huns she will have accora
h ffood for the allied
cause as though she had not deserted
the cause in the first place.
Brown as
sumed office, ho took up tho matter
with his usual energy and has steadily
and persistently pushed them through
the eourts. He visited the commissioner
of the land offico and department criefa .
urging them to appear in tho cases but
without success for they all declined to
take part. This forced tho attorney gen
eral to go to triul without the govern
ment being represented, and this will
be the cause of further processings be
fore the title can bo re-vested iu tiia
state. ' '
It is one of tho greatest legal victor
ies ever won in the state, and the great
est ever won by tho stato.
The seventh case was appealed from
Kluinath county, but was held up so
long by the circuit judge of that dis
trict that it could not be passed on along
with tho others. The cases decided wero
appealed from Crook, Jackson, Linn,
Lane, Clackamas aud Hood Kiver coun
ties. There is a case involving the same
questions still before the court that of
the state against the Pacific Livestock
company. This case Governor Withy
combe "had suggested had better ba
dropped, but this will not now be done,
and all opposition to its further prose
cution will probnb'y cud with the de
cisions of the supreme court today. Tho
lands involved, and which will event
ually revert to the stato aro sumo of tho
best in tho state, as Hyde at the tima
they were selected had the pick pf tho
lands of the state and he did not select
the poorer kinds. Tlie value of tho lands
now on their way back into the posses
sion of the state is estimated at ,JVm
a quarter of a million dollars to double)
that sum.
Six other opinions were handed down
as follows:
Columbia Realty Investment company
appellant, vs. Alameda Land company;
appeal from Multnomah; petition for
rehearing denied in opinion by Justice
McCamant.
O. C. I'urdy vs. I. C. Underwood, ap
pellant; appeal from Clackamas coun
ty, action to recover damages for al-
leged rraumuenr reprem. .....o,
ion by Justice Moore, affirming Circuit
; Judge Campbell.
City or Astoria vs. wam.-i t
pellnnt; appealed from Clatsop county;
criminal action on alleged illegal sale
(Continued on page three)
Abe Martin
A stingy person is bad enough, but
a stingy brass band is th' limit. Th
dols
t 'dav nre tone t 'morrow, but
jth' feller that pays
ipop'lar.
bis bins is alius.
When Attorney General