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FORTY-FIRST YEAR NO. 5
SALEM, OREGON, SATURDAY, JANUARY 5, 1918
PRICE TWO CENTS
ON TRAIN'S AND NEWS
STANDS FIVE CENTS
.
1.
In Address to British Laborite "Man Power" Conference
Today Principles Involved In Struggle Are Stated In No
Uncertain Words Sanctity of the TreatyTerritorial
Settlements Based On Consent of Governed Interna
tional Organization to Limit Burden of War Armaments
: These Are the Three Cardinal Principles
By Ed. L. Keen,
(United Press Staff Correspondent.)
London, Jan. 5. Britain's answer to Count Czernm's
terms of peace for the Central Powers was emphatically
announced to the world today by Kremier Lloyd-George
3n a speech at the British Laborite 'man power con
ference.
The British premier laid down three cardinal principles
on which Britain and the allies would be willing to
talk of peace.
"Before permanent peace can come " the prime min
ister declared impressively, "three conditions - must be
fulfilled.
"First: The sancity cf the treaty must be re-established.
"Second: There must be territorial settlements based
on the consent of those governed.
"Third, and last: There must be created some interna
ticnal organization to limit the burden of armaments and
diminish the probability of war."
The British premier went into do- "Complete restoration of Belgium
tail to outline forcefully; pointed antf : and reparation, as. far as possible of. all
clearly, every one of the aspirations i devastated towns and lands."
of the forces of democracy. "Unless genuine self-government is
RUSSIA'S ACTION
PLACES GERMANY
AO POSITION
6
Central Powers Are Said To
Be Between Devil and
Deep Blue Sea
NEXT STEP TO BE TAKEN
ONE OF UNCERTAINTY
German Peace Delegates Sur
prised To Ffsd Russians
Are Absent
Ho held Britain and her allies are
fighting: '
Not for the destruction or disrup
tion of Germany.
Not to destroy Austria-Hungary or
Turkey.
Not merely to alter or destroy the
imperial constitution of Germany.
Not to take Turkey's lands that are
predominantly Turkish from them,
But for these principles:
First Complete restoration of Bel
gium. Two Reparation a3 far as possible
for devastated towns and cities.
Three Neutralization and national
ization of the Dardanelles.
TYimv " Rnnniisiilnr-itinii " (if flip
"great wrong" done to France in ' George on the fact that there was no
1871 referring to Alsace-Lorraine. j intention to deprive Turkey ofher cap
Five Establishment of an independ-jlt;?.1C.onf!tantmoP,e ewn spite the
cut Poland "comprising all genuinely
granted the Austro-Hungarian national
ities so long desiring it, it is impossible
to hope for removal of the causes of
unrest in that part of Europe, ' which
have so long threatened the general
peace," Lloyd-George continued.
"On the same ground we regard with
vital satisfaction tho legitimate claims
of the Italians for union with those of
their owu race and tongue; also the
legitimate aspirations or those of Ru
manian blood and speech."
The prime minister declared that
there must be reparation of lands oc
cupied in France, Italy, Serbia, Monte
negro and Svria and Rumania.
Special emphasis was laid by Lloyd-
By Webb Miller,
(United Press Saff Correspondent.)
London, Jan. 5. Tho Russian Bolshe
vikl have put tho imperial German
government between the "devil and
the deep sea," in tho universal view
here today.
Germany's next effort to avoid one
or (ho other contingency will be some
"additional concessions" in her peace
terms in a desperate eirort to prevent
fina and complete breaking off in tho
negotiations.
Arnica oie relations witn Kussia aro
vitally necessary for the kaiser 's em
pire after the war. Opportunities for
economic penetration to 'restore the
Teutonic commercial position is im
perative and particularly with Russia
In the view of observers here, it is al
most more important than any eastern
conquests.
The German leaders, facing this
necessity, are nevertheless apprehen
sive lest the Bolsheviki government
may not "stand up."
On the other hand, they are afraid
to loose tho bird in hand conquests
their armies have already grabbed,
while there is a chance of catching,
also,' the whole flock.' v " ,.-
Evidences multiplied today also that
the internal situation in Germany is
worrying the imperial government
leaders. The. pan-Germans are insist
ently demanding that all conquests bo
retained. , .
The liberals and socialists are just
as determined that all bo given up.
The situation in the reichstag is such
that it offers the first chance for a
trial of strength between the annexa
tionists and the democrats.
The reichstag is at present in recess.
but dispatches received by way of
Amsterdam report a strong demand in
Germany for immediate summoning of
iwpniii.w." mm
GIANTS SPARRING
FOR OPENING TO
LAND A KNOCKOUT
World War Leaders Are Lik
ened to Contenders For
Prize Ring Honors
THE GOD OF THE HOHENZOLr!ERNS
"An Unconditional and Avowed Ally."
IN FORTY-SECOND ROUND
OPPONENTS ARE CLINCHED
Germans Give Notice Daily
That Great Drive On West
Front Is Coming
ISDN
(jqSra o3ud no panniiuoj)
J olish elements becttuse this is neces
sary to the stability of western
Europe."
Six Arabia, Armenia, Mesopotamia,
Syria, Palestine all entitled to separ
ate national conditions.
Seven Of Russia, the British states
men left the future to the decision of
the Russians themselves.
illied insistence on neutralization and
nationalization of the Dardanelles and
the Bosphorus.
The Welsh statesman bitterly as
sailed the German terms, as announced
through Count Czernin at Brest-Lito-vsk.
He was particularly vehement in
his denunciation of the false pro
nunciamento of "self-determination."
j of all peoples as proclaimed therein.
i TT- i - .1 i i Til-
Eight-Inhabitants of African col-L ai "eig.um s iu-
onies to b "nl.iced under an admin-! tu refreedom was dependent upon the
istration acceptable to themselves for
the purpose of preventing exploitation j ,
x 4.U i. at. j? t' ! "
Jul lilt; lit'lit.llt til .U1UHU11 rai'iiuiisiB
allied nations permitting Turkey- to
and of European governments
"We' will stand by the French
democracy to the death," Lloyd-George
declared.
"We demand reconsideration of the
great wrong of 1871.
"It is difficult to speak of Russia
without suspension of judgment. Rus
sia can only be saved by her own
people.
"An independent Poland, comprising
all the genuinely Polish elements, is
absolutely necessary to the stability
of western Europe.
"The Dardanelles should be neutral
ized and internationalized.
"Arabia, Armenia, Mesopotamia.
Syria and Palestine are entitled to
recognition jnd separate national con
ditions. Wfiat from each shall take it
is not neeessarv to discuss here.
"The governing conditions in Afri-
.1. ?ii-i . .. i.i, i.
ca iM uie muauuams s..a,. answer to the German peace proffers.
1 T ii. r i hnt because of today's
rmenians and the Svrlans and like
wise upon restoration to Germany of
her African colonies.
Under such conditions, Lloyd-George
maintained "all principles of self
determination here, vanish in thin
air."
The allied spokesman declared the
forces of democracy fdught "for more
than merely to alter or to destroy the
imperial constitution of Germany."
He pointed out in terse phrases the
yawning omissions from Czernin 's
statement of war aims as illustrative
of Germany's duplicity in her terms.
The prime minister's speech was to
an audience representative of Britain's
foremost liberals trades unionists and
members of the labor party. He was
accorded a great reception.
It was generally regarded that the
speech was the most important perhaps,
tnat the prime minister had yet de
livered not alone in its complete
HOie to ineinseive-5 lor me purpose ui ; -ir-nno
preventing their exploitation for the, Kussia jg nQw on thc fencc be.
benefit of European capitalists and of j tween com,,cte breakage with Ger
Kuropean governments." manv; Germanre has been boasting of
"It has been a year since President ' impending 'great offensive on the
"Wilson asked the belligerents why' t front indica,ion9 have been re
they were fighting," Lloyd-George ' pived of , trem(ndousir organized and
continued. "The Central Powers have fjna, cffort (o make the German sub.
not yet replied." - ,! marine warfare effective.
. The premier pomted, out Germany's! Liord.George, it was heldbvof
repudiannn of reparation, as contained ; fieiau could not have taken a 'more
in the Czernin statement. He added. timelr moment in which thus terselv.
that Belgium s autonomy was snb.iect : criti.-iilv- and completely to summarize
to the nations leaving Turkey to de-;all the allied aims-
cide the fate of the Arabs, Armenians?
and Syrians, w hile the Central Powers j Washington's View.
were "demanding the restoration of! "Washington, Jan. 5. Llovd-George's
their African colonies. M.-claration todav on England's war
."All principles of self-dctenination 1 ajm, was held here to be a British re
varish into thin air." he asserted statement to counter-act Germany's pre
emphatic.iUy. '"The allies' r..;T. :
i.ie;s are: I (Continued on page eight)
NEW ENGLAND IS NOW
umo pun re rnn
ilUOIIULdrUt
MILLIONSOFSOLDIERS
Contracts For Over Twenty
One Millions Pairs Are Let
by Government
Iinsto., Mass., Jan. 5. New England,
the center of the nation's shoo indus
try, was leading today in the tremendous
task nt putting the army and navy "
tiu-ir feet" making shoes for o
lighting men.
Covernment contracts for 21.000.00(1
pairs oi army ana navy shoes have been
awarded iu New England alone and the
greater part of these orders are held
by Massachusetts firms.
if thc shoes under contract were laid
end l.i Mid, they would reach from San
F.-aiuisco to Australia, a distance of
t,ov miles.
This price I'ncle Ram will pav for
the shoes ia between $4.G0 and $4.90 a
pr.ir.
Oig plants l ave added to their equip
ment and practically all are working 24
hourj a z? I ne shifts being broken
up into eight hour periods. Close to 20,
OoO shoe workers are engaged in the
Brockton district alone.
Although thousands of pairs of shoes
arc leaving the factories daily, the out
put will reach an unprecedented height
in thc early mouths of the year, when
many of the contracts call for delivery.
The leather upou which the comfort
and, to a great extent, the efficiency
of the nation's fighting men depend,
of a liii;h g-adc and the work of mak
ing the shoes is carried out under strict
supervision. Military men agree that
r.cst to g-jrs ind food, well made and
comfipiia! le shoes are of the greatest
im.iorraiice to the army.
Tin! Cheti-lii'l j.nd Alden company cf
Broi.ton .oe eoiitraets for 178,000
pairi of marching shoes, while other
firiiM liavn p-opon:onatel large orders.
The M. A 1 ;ic.srd company have or-
d'-'s for fi".C0'i pairs.
Three fir'i.s in the Brockton district
have contracts to irply a total of 150,-1
OO'l pairs f navy sl oes.
SENATOR-JIM
IITIIT-
OieilLKOAPS
Fight Is Begun to Prevent
Railroads Returning to
Private Control
RUSSIAN LABORING MEN
I SAVE CLEVERLY OUTWITTED
THE GERMAN DIPLOMATS
By It. C. Martin
(United Press Staff Correspondent)
Washington, Jan. 5. Government
ownership advocates, headed by Senator
Johnson of California, began their
fight iu congress today to prevent the
return of the railroads to private inter
ests.
Simultaneously Senator Smott of
Ctah, completed for introduction a rad
ical revenue bill, embodying all the
principles of wealth conscription, fath
ered by the Johnson-Borah progressives
at the last session.
Senator Johnson sounded the govern
ment ownership keynote when ho said
if the people are to foot the bills for
railroad improvements, they should
own the lines permanently.
All through the coming battle over
rail control legislation asked bv Presi
dent Wilson, government ownership ad
vocates will sound this slogan: "If the
people's money goes into the railroads,
the only way to get it back will be to
tako the roads for the people."
Cummins, Kenyou, Borah and Hollis
in the senate, and Keating, Doremus and
Fess in the house are among those who
will be found in the front line in. the
fight.
Legislators were busy today analyz
ing thc administration railroad bill
which senate and house committees take
up Monday. On every hand predictions
were made of a warm fight over the
appropriation of half a billion dollars
for new equipment and purchase of
railroad securities.
Director General McAdoo will be call
ed before the house interstate commerce
committee next week to explain the
workings of the administration's propos
ed legislation.
Members of the interstate commerce
commission will be questioned concern
ing the proposed compensation plan.
Monday the senate interstate com
merce committee will hear the railroad
executives but this is expected to be
largely a resume of the railroads' ef
forts "to unify the systems.
Hut administration leaders in riotli
houses are determined the hearings
shall not delay the legislation. Leaders
in the house are refusing to state their
position on government cwnrship,
claimine that the problem now is to
give sufficient legislation to make fed
eral control a success. liairman Mms
and Majority Leader Kitehin believe
the government ownership question
Note Willi am G. Shepherd,
Press correspondent, recently return
od from Russia and by reason of his
service particularly qualified to anae
vze the situation there, today wrote
the following story for th United
Pro3S.
By William G. Shepherd
(United Press staff correspondent)
Asheville, N. C, Jan. 5. The labor
ing man's government of Russia hn.
out maneuvered the autocratic govern
ment of Germany in tho Brest-Litovsk
peace parleys.
It has put the kaiser in the position
of trying to carry water on both shoul
ders. Unwittingly or not, Trotsky and Le
nine nro just at this time working ex
actly in lino with America in Presi
dent Wilson's plans to encourage the
German people to throw off the yoke
oi their autocratic masters
Russia's peace talk is poisoning
Germany. It is a poison gas that tho
Germans first used after the Russian
revolution that is now being blown
back on them. The Russians aro show
ing to the German democracy that
German autocracy is deceiving it,
They have sliown that the kaiser is
not on the square.
Trotsky and Lenino had the ambi
tious idea going beyond President
United . Wilson's idea of the plain people of
all nations get. together aua aemaua
an end of war. The German armistice
was part of this plan. Tho Russian
council of workmen and soldiers, rep
resenting as far as it was possible the
plain pcoplo of Russia, thrust out its
hands toward tho democracy cf Ger
many. They saw a hand extended from Ger
many in the vague mists of German
diplomacy. It was not a clearly defin
ed hand, but thc Russians grasped it
in the hope it might be that of their
democratic brothers in Germany.
Only a few of negotiations showed
instead of having grasped the homy
Abe Martin
By .William Philip Simms
(United Press staff corrospoadent,
With the British Armies in France,
Jan-'5. Like heavyweights in the fin
al rounds of a finish fight, tho British
and German armies during thc first
few days of this new year have re
turned tot mutual sparring, watching
for a lead.
Counting "time "monthly, the giant
scrappeys today fare J:n theirf rforty
second round. Both are clinched. Thoy
aro easiui; up after tho terrible blows
in recent onslaughts.
Tho war zone is still snowbound.
Tho trenches are locked in ice, the gul
lies as hard as granite. Fragments of
frio7.cn earth sprayed; by exploding
shells are as deadly as slivers of tho
bursting shells themselves.
Despite this sort of weathor, the
enemy is unusually busy in Bmall en
terprises. On our side, wo have launch
ed moro than a dozen raids, big and
little, since New Years day, all the
way from Ypres to 8t. Quentin.
Simultaneously, tho German airmen
aro attempting a ceaseless watch over
a sky the color of an iceberg. The pa
trol means tho Prussian high command
, is straining every facility to get post
ed as to British movements.
Meantime the British know surely
that fresh divisions eoutinuo to arrive
on tho west front to aid the enemy.
They como principally from Russia.
There aro more enemy troops on this
front now than at any time since the
war and tho German ranks are stead
ily increasing.
There- is reason to believe these Ger
man troops are in better spirit than at
any time since the Marne. The collapse
of Russia and the Teutonic advance in
Italy has visibly bucked up the wan
ing courage or tho enemy.
Stories that Germany is trumpeting
for a great blow on tho west front
continue to filter behind tho British
lines through tho declarations of Gor
man prisoners. They all speak of tho
drive as u certainty. Meantime, hostile
airmen are dropping billy leaflets over
tho British lines, announcing tho com
ing cf German "super Boldiers," in
the naive belief, apparently, that they
can scaro the Tommies. But tho Tom
mies merely smilo derisively. They
have gained the personal impression
that, something is off color inside of
kaiserdom, making pence in any way,
by any fashion, during 1918 impera
tive for the militarists.
If the present peace plot fails, the
British ifighters expect t Germany to
turn looso her last mighty punch at
hand of democracy, they had shaken r,;ai nilv,.,,iff,n o thn west
hand bearing the gauntlet of null-,- . . f America's
tarism- ino nanuciusp is cu t rJ !fihHn fnn-A. ... ,nin.t. a factor
Russian dream of reaching i , , . t,rnh,., thB
Hnd uwiv.w . ... j
a loloin wlnnp m-ith nil rf ( Icrmnn V 'a
hopes oi the present and iuture pinn
ed on it.
Forewarned and forearmed Tommies
wear an air of grim certitudo these
davs perfectly confident of their abil
litv r.n block nnvthiuc Hindonburir can
put across regurdless of the amount
of steam behind it.
A new bunch o' bananas wuz un
veiled at th' Little Gem resturint t'day.
should be settled after the government j One o' th' most uncertain things in
this uncertain life seems t' be th cor
(Continued on page eight) 'rect pronunciation o' cantonment.
The
through and beyond militarism
kaiserism to the German common peo
ple has been shattered.
If there is" e German democracy,
such as the Russians hoped to encoun
ter, -it lies behind tho stone wall of
the kaiser's militarism. Proof that it
exists is in the fact that the auto
crats aro Wilrefventiiui .Russians i'rfjui
dropping! pamphlets behind the Ger-
man lines ami inai. run-isu "i""'"
Von Kuehlmann will not permit Ger
man socialists to go to Stockholm to
confer officially with Russian liber
als.
If Lenino and Trotsky cannot reacn
thn German pcoide now, they must
try to batter down the wall between
them and their German fellows. In
other words, they must a-'ain join the
allies and help to fight the way
through to a rescue of the German
people.
Austria-Hungary Stands
Accused by Catoo'ic Ihurch
Rome, Jan. 5. Austria-Hungary,
greatest of all Catholic nations, stands
accused bv the Catholic church today,
charged with breach of faith. It was
understood that these exact words of
accusation were made in Pope Bene
dict's recent note of protest to r,m
peror Karl against the Teutonic air
raid over Padua, which resulted in
grave damage to some of Italy's choie
est church buildings and in the killing
of innocent women and non-combat
ants.
The pope's note of protest was ad
dressed both to the Austro-Hungarian
monarch nd Kaiser IWilheim. Firm
..ruin,!)., to n pTnressed of the promis-
os oi both these monarchs at the time; from abroad.
of the start of the Italian invasion
that Teutonic troops would abstain
from attacks on defenseless cities.
The exact text of the pope's note
will be withheld itil receipt qf a
ply from the two monarchs.
Only Small Raids
London, Jan. 5. Raiding operations
were all till' fighting activity reported
today by Field Marshal Haig.
"in tho neighborhood of Ilullebeke
ho said, 'tho enemy attempted a raid
at night and was repuised without losa
to us. East of Zonuebeke one of our
posts was rushed. A few of our men
aro missing."
Aviators Drop Bombs
London, Jan. 5. Numerous bombs
Iweijs propped by .Iritish, flyers on
sheds and buildiiik's of enemy aero
dromes at Ghistelles yesterday, an ad
miralty statement announced today.
Artillery is Active
Rome, Jan. 5- Artillerying and air
craft activity was all the Italian of
ficial statement had to report today.
NOBTHWEST SHEEP SHOET
Portland, Or.. Jan- 5. A striking
proof of the sheep shortage ia the Pa
cific northwest was given today when
six carloads of sheep arrived from
Nebraska, consigned to Frye Com
pany, Seattle commission men, for
thousands of sheep from this section
were sold in recent mouths to Nebras
ka and other middle western ranchers
who were cleaned out by demand
Joseph E. Howard of vaudeville
fame, has tho following questions to
ask of grammarians: Whether a hen
re-'sets or sits, and also, when she cacs
les, has she laid or li d! .