& Full Leased Wire Dispatches Today's News' Printed Today THIRTY-SEVENTH YEAR. . balbm, oriboit, Saturday, apbjl 4, 1914. PRICE TWO CENTS. 0 F I S fi la-rl r AW 1 nlun 1 . . " ' ; 111 1 nil 1 1 imri uamazes Jisnea vavvvlmul i'lvvMiimv? id nuct'T.T mDlij mam 1JL.I II El I llllll -.. I ilH I 11 I till I .M .V.lllli.i (llll.lir.M: 1 1 V nrn IHIulu : V nr WH I.I I I IV? hvMrc n0r-h'nrrr,,V uuwiui U IUWIILUI jiMipuimnn liLuuuiiun w.M..5w ORDERED IN ST. JOHNS Railroad Commission Takes Action in Water Case Sim ilar to Salem's. ' GENERAL CUT MADE FROM OLD RATES Figured Consumer Will Get, on an Average, About 12 Per Cent Off. Tlio railroad commission this morning made public its findings in the cafe of the. City of St. Johns against the St. Johns, Wnter Works ami Lighting com pany. The suit was brought to get tne jutes reduced to wiiTor Consumers in ti e city of St. Johns, and in -similar to tho suit now pending before -the commis sion by 1 he city of Snlem against the Salem Water. Light A: J'ower com pany. In reaching its conclusions the commission had to take Hie same steps that were taken in the Salem case. The piopei'ty hud to be valued, operating expenses and overhead charges ascer tained, and all those things, just as in the lo -al suit The original cost of the 1 roperty was .li2,000 ami the com vi. -sion fixes the -value nt $M),5l)0 on the first day of duly, HiKI This date is taken for the renson that f. that time an or.limAn-e was pnt-se-l by the city of 'St. ,1'hns tiring the water rate.-;, and a simulation was enteied into between tho company and the city that the coin peny would make a rebate (if such sums, it any, as were decided tn be an over-'-'r.rce, or gn-ater than the rate, finullv determined ns correct bv the commis si n. I'nder this agreement there will be uboiit sl lino returned to consumers, pro vicfed the case is not taken into the cen its. ' Tim commission divided the rates in tn three classes, and, in fixing the new schedules, so channel the elnssit'ieoaa- tiou that it. is alinut impossible to inukc an intelligent conipi' i ison between the rules fixed by the i-iuniiiissina ami the oi. I rales. 1 lie re is a general reduction, however, of between In and 12 per cent. I'istenii oi a minimum rate nt $1, as un der the old rule, Hie minimum is now I'D cents. To this, however, is added 10 cents for ca h additional faucet. which tends to, in some crm's, make the rate a trifle hi'iher than the old rate, but for the average consumer the rates are reduced from lo to 12 per cenr, as sinten. FRICTION IN SCHOOL BOARD FEATURE OF RECENT TROUBLE The city school squabble, which got in the limelight yesterday afternoon in The Capital .JouniHl, seems to bo de tail nding the nt lent ion of every member of both the school board and the parent-teachers' associations in Snlem. There is friction not only between Su perintendent tnUz an the grade teach ers, but. between certain members of the l.i.aid of directors The superintendent was turned down nt the meeting lust Wednesday on the grounds that "he i-oiild not get along with the grade teachers." At the same time the niein bets of the bnnrl are at loggerheads as to wh.nt will be done next year with tie? present force of school uuthoritios nml grade teachers What the outcome will be is only n mutter of question, for the reason, It is slid, pressure is being brought to bear ui" ertain school directors, who vot' el to fire Superintendent Kuntz ami Principal Kilpatrick, to have them re consider their action. Col. Eldrldgo, fonrcr menrjcr of th city council and well-known in local business circle, was caught pump handling friends on the id root this morning. He was asked whnt office he is seeking and he suiid that inasmuch u the ntfire hunted the tnnu, he is not n candidate, Nevertheless, it, is being Milled hy Mr. F.hlriilgc's most intimate 1 1 lends that the well known business man is reriously thinking of casting Ins lid in the ring for state senator. When greeted by a Capital Journal represent live this inoiniiig, Mr. KLIridgo stated lliat he shook linn Is with friends nt this time of ihe year out of force of hnbit, l it hy ?e,dn( real enndidntes perform ii'g the aiinuiil stunt. GUARD PLACED OVI'.R MAN SENTENCED TOR LIFE Portland, dr., Apiil 4. To pre- vent Vadium Dediiff, jentenced to life hnnrisoument for the murder of Jo-ie Wilson (torn comniittiiig sniii.le, Arthur I'ender, convicted of the murder of Mrs. Iaisy Wchr mnpi ami her little son near St. Helens, wn placed on nuard oer him today by Jailor Kd Kennedy. Hi-diilf Lu. twice tried to end hi life bv slrnngulRtioa since his con- vi.tioii last Wednesday ami hn mien but once since th.-tt time. PEETTT DIVORCEE WOULD RECOV ER 850,000 BECAUSE OF USE OF DETECTAPHONE. Portland, Or., April 4. The outcome of the use of the dotoctaphona hy which evidence, introduced . at her recent broach of promise suit -.gains- Lloyd Frank, a promiueut merchant, at the conclusion of which she was awarded one dollar, Mrs. Gertrude Gorlingar, a pretty divorcee, today filed suit against Frank's attorneys, Charles II. Carey, licit Hnney and (leorge Joseph, the William J. Burns nationul detect! re agency, J. D Huddloston, proprietor of the Iiucna Vista apartmonr.s, and F. K. Glenn, janitor of the apartments, for 50,01)0 damages on the grounds of tres pass. Mrs. Gorlinger alleges that the attor neys maliciously employed the agency to place the dcteotaphone in her room, with tho assistance of Huddleston and Glenn. She- alleges that through the machine conversations of a private na ture were recorded, and later published to the community, when introduced nt tho trial. E HARRi iron. L. E. Bean, senafor from Lnne raid Linn counties, is in Salem today, having brought tho petition of Judge Lawrence T. Harris for filing with the secretary of state. The latter Is a can didate tor jnstico of the supremo court in the liepublican primaries. ' The petition is a remarkable one inns much as it contains between 4000 said .(M) sit natures, obtuined fn twenty-nine of the thirty-four counties o! the state. No etilion has yet been, filed by any enndidute with so many names attached, an I it is furthermore given out that ;'.'.?-'r. - v -i. if JV' 'C .'''.",j.: " A f ir' J: Judge Iawronce F. Harris. prn'-rically lill of the circulators gave tlvir time volunturily to the work. All of them are strong supporters of his can didacy. Judge Harris has preside, over the court of tho se-ond judiciul district for mnny years, although still n com paratively young man His candidiK'.v I'll never been opposed by the Demo crats of the district, milking his election practically unanimous. The confidence of the members of the bar in the .judge's ability mid integrity is only eiiiulle. hy that ot the people in general in the counties of Lane, teuton, Douglii-s, Coos ami ( nrry, Judge Harris is a Vuiversitv of Ore gon graduate, nnd before going on the bench was a member of the legislature, presume over the house us speaker. I I The county clerk's office was a buy pin -e this afternoon on account of vo.eis registering. In fact it was si bifsv (bat the Journal man could not get the books long enough to count up tin; r gist i al ion nor had the deputies time to count. April first there were l-T 1 ri-vlstercd in the city and a trifle over tmiio in the county. During the week nhout .roii have registered with the .'t, At. the general election in 1 1 - tl-re were P.ooo registere-l. or shoo! the same number that th" no'v on the regi.-ieration liooks. Willi the wone ii voting pn. Ihe natural incrcfisc in pr-ulatMiu allowed for, it is estimat ed t'mit just about one half of the vot ers in the count v nre now registered. 1 he.- lemnins but 11) days after todav in whii'l, olers can register, and this will "vuuirc that about 475 register each day f-o'ii now until the books close it rlea-i 'i; the list. County Clock (ichlhsr savs (lie vot-rs from the country .are reg',l '-inx merh more rapidly than thus" in the city, and that th latter are Mimuallr slow. A fenturs of the h'-it wiik's resist rat inn ii the large pen outage of women getting their mini"? cn the liooks, they being almost rs ii'imcmut as the men do ring that ier-cd OFSENATEHAVE NOW Kenyon Predicts Appointment Will ... Never., Again "Be Made Under Cover. STILL CRITICISE DANIELS Jones, Cummins, La Foiiott and Others Who Opposed Appointment, Express Their Dissatisfaction. Wnsllintrfnii Artril i ln n....nnAl' f.vv.., . . U UIILIOU was fceuator Kenyon 'a charactcriwition today of Winthrop M." Daniol's forced confirmation as a member of tho intor stnto commerce commission. "But it accomplished one good thing," ho said. "Secret sessions in the senate, havo received their death blow.- Never again will appointments be mado without full knowledge by everyone concerned thnt what is Baid on the floor will go out to tho who'e country, "Then people will be able to place the blame, if there is blame, where it belongs. 1 don't propose to bo bound by a rule of secrecy. 1 don 't consider thnt. niV nilth hitlrla ln n.lt....... . any rule which is against tho public uiierest. Senator Jor.os' View. "I fear the. people's confidence in the interstate commerce commission will be broken down ' said Senator (ones. "If kucIi men as Winthrop M. Daniels are mimed .'omniissioners I am afraid the people will . conclude, that I'troiijj influence has been brought, to bear to force a decision on the uend- ing rate cases. So much hus been charged lilon:' this linn tlt ti,n dent's intense desire for Dinners'- con- lirmation, despite tl.o opposition of those who dislike his record, is bound to have influence, "Hut I am clad we flimllv ,.ln.,;.i.'.,i against secrecy In tie future concern iil I lie coi sii or r nu ic n,,,., ,. ,... Tho rule of secrecy ought to have been oronen long; ago. 1 tlimk public consi -oration of several recent nominations wobul have been most salutary. "And I think the press gallery should bo Olictl dnrimr ,Im-,.i,muw, P 1. :.. i r, " im: iiuiiiim- afion of Daniels, who was charged with pro-corporation sympntliies. " "As far as i am personally eoV ceriied,'' mid Senator ( uininins,'" in lend the country to kno,v what the views of iifininces ore, what the sen litors snid and win- linn- in, t, -,,..,,! II,.. aeleclion of this particular interstac coiiueerce comnnsHioner. ' ' Jlercat'ter." snid S,.im1 m T n i.,i. lette, " I propose to discuss in the open senate, from the stumi,, throuuh the prers or j any ot her wuy that seems proper, this or any other matter of pub lic interest brought up in executive session in the i-emite. '' Baals of Opposition. Daniels' confirmation as an inter stale commerce commisisouer was op pose, on the ground that his decisions as a member of Dm Vu- i.i: . scnice commission, to which President Wilson noiininleil hln ilnri,,,. i,; j t as governor of Now-Jersey, indicated nml i.Hineis neiieved coriorat.ions were entitled to diviil Is as "irninir con- ccrns" In a.ldition to the dividends based on their actual physical valua tions. His ooionenls in tl.n unit a til fnmrlit him for three .fays. Much of the de bate was very bitter. Finally Senators ccinnn, j.,alMilliilo. Jones, (Ironna, I'nindexter, Clnpp, Uristow, Ciimmiii and Horah announced thnt, iiiBsmiieh as the confirmation evidently wns going through, they would not be bound bv tho oath of secrecy imposed in connes. lion with executive BOiuito session but meant to tell the country all that had been said In the oourso elf the Daniels' controversy, that the pooplo might know how they stood and why they ob jected to the appointment. "We can expel a senator who violates his oath," said Senator John Sharp Wil liam. Those who had declared they would do so remained defiant., however. OroKonians Oppose Confirmation. Deinocrnta who voted agiiinst confir mation worn Ashhiirst, I'hntnhcrlaiii, Lane, Hitchcock, Mollis, Lea, O 'Gorman, Thompson, Viiidamnn ami Walsh, llepnblicails who voted with the nn jorily for confirmation were Itrandegec. Dillingham, Fall, Unllinger, Lippitt, Lodge, McLean, Oliver, I'sge, l'erkim, Townsen.l, Warren and Weeks. FORMER BAXEM PHYSICIAN runs ArooL or ordinance Dr. A. K. I'ierco wns found guilty in muiiiripiil louit at I'lirtiainI yeslerlav of conducting a tuberculosis' hospital within the city limits, mid win fjllf, -I. His attorney toned notice on Ju.lgn Stevenson thnt'tlier would tip pesl. 1 The ense hinged upon the point of whether nr not- Dr. I'ieree could lie jirosecuted mi ler the ordinance when his sanitarium was 0wned several Kcuks before the ordinance forbidding purli institutions within the corporate lin-itsi was passed. Ho contended that he could not be mob-ate., hut the pros ecution held that ho niu violating the ordinance in maintaining a hospital Dr. l'iorce was a former Halomite. Weyerhauter Ha Been Said by Some to Wealthier Than Rockefeller. MOST SECRETJVE OF ALL Hated Publicity, 0v Very Little to Charity, Spent Ldttle on Luxuries and Avoided Fada Pasadena, . C'al., April 4. Froderick Weyerhaeuser, the timber magnate of Sit. Paul, reputed as One of the world' richest men, who has been ill at his winter homo hero for the last ten days with capillary pneumonia, died at 8:30 o'clock this morning. Probably tho wealthiest, certainly the most socretive of American million aires, Frederick Weverhaeuser left an cstato the vnluo of which his most inti mnto business associates cannot come within a hundred million dollars of es timating. He probably was worth half a billion dollars, most of his wealth Do ing in vast timber holdings through thj north and west. Gave Little to Charity. Personally, he was a paradox. Known to his intimate friendu as a gentle and kindly man and a man of deep religious convictions, his name was entirely un known in. the fields of charity. IHb friends assort that he gave to charity but always with the. warning that pub licity meant immediate withdrawal of his upporst. They admit that he pave comparatively litllo, However, nltho;igh they believe that his will may disclose .moro generosity. ' ' Put if Weyerhaeuser gavo ittle to othern, ho hampered himself less. His habits were extremely frugal. Ho had no hobbies. One automobile, was enough for him. llo wn jiifr(Nitjcjr to yaem and art galleries nnd all other expensive fada of tho rich. Studious always, but studiously silent, an intimate friend said of him recently that his genius for secretiveness amounted almost to ,X mania. Ho hated publicity. Forced Into Lumbor Business. Weyerhaeuser was born in Germany in lH.'SI. He laid the foundation of his fortune at Hock Island, III., while man aging a small lumber mill, which he took on a debt. He is survived by seven children, His wil'o died in 11H1. The family home was at St. Paul, Minn., but he main tained a winter residence in Pasadena owning ono of the most modest of the mansions in the. fashionable Oak Noll flint rit-t. Burial at Rock Inland. Tho body will be sent east on the Los Angeles Limited nt noon tomorrow. The funeral services will be held at Hock Island, 111., where tho timber magnate made his start In the accumulation of his vast fortune. Mrs. Weyerhaeuser, who died November 1!U, 101 1, is buried there. MANY MAKE ADDRESSES AT HYOENIO CONFERENCE Tho flocinl Hygmile conference, be ginning last evening at Ivuton Mull, Williuuntte university, was continued today throughout the morning hours, and after a noon intermisisoii, when many of the delegates were entertained at privato homes, tho sessions wero re sumed for the afternoon with about SB delegates present. Tho nature of the subject!) discussed prevented the meet ings from being open ones, but tlio at tendance of physician ami educators from out of town was largo. William Foster, of Heed college, Port land, guvo the opening address on "The Matter and Method of Hex "education," his lecture being followed by discus sions of the subject by Leonard Hiley, J, II. Ackerman and Prof. Karl Kirk patrirk, . Tlut spoaJcers of the day were flalord II. Patterson, Josepn Kchafer, Halph 1). Ilolty.el, Dr. Itertha Stuart, Miss Mary F. Fnrnhnm, Dr. A. Z. Crayne, M. H. Pitman, Marry Ileal Torrey, (leorg,j W. Mug, II. il. Mcminn, llopkin Jenkins, Miss F.mma Wold, Mrs Margaret (.'. I'urrnn, L. Ii. Aldermnii, H. W. Kirk, Charles M. Hoyd, -Wililnm M. Proctor, Norman Coleman, J. 11, Ackermnii and K. F, t'arlton. The greater number of these are from Portland, a few from Hugcno and oilier towns are represented. The Weather The Dickey liirl says: Oregon to night and Sunday showers; souther ly tlndi). ritoonHr f '.Vrowoii; Worst Scandal of Dreyfus is Involved Ml I TV , 4. -WVfi'v K f , " ,i.W. V pp " l a. I", t it ' -il: AT4L J r tj ji lt s 'x.e," N, I ' t , 4tr. , 4.' - "'s. Mme. Genevievo Caillaux. Paris, April 4. That the official gov ernment of Franco reeks with scandal and intrigue has been mado plain in tho developments prior to and following the shooting of (laston Cabnotte, editor of Figaro,, by Mme. flenovieve Cnilliiux, wife of the minister of France. Mine. I Chihuahua City, Mex., April 4. The federal foreo driven out of Torreou was surrounded today neur San Pedro de Las C'olouias. 1 Its postiion was entrenched, accord ing to a telegram from (lenerul Villa V headquarter in Torreou, but Ocneral Hernandez, commander of tho rebel troops who held it trnpped, was quoted as having stated ho could tako its de fenses by storm. As a precautionary inensnro, however, said the message, lleneral Villa had left Torreou in or son with another force of rebels, to in sure absolutely against the escape of Oenernl Valesco, the federal leader, and his men, Anxloui to Break Up Army. Tho rebel were particularly anxious to break Voliiseo's army up completely, Velaw-o plainly was trying to reach Haltillo, and, if ho should succeed, it would be necessary to fight him again under much the same circiiinstnnces as at Toreon. With his force so badly shattered a at present it was believed ho could bo benton with comparative ease It wn with tho advance- guard of this federal force, which ho was trying to intercept in its flight, thnt (lenerul Hernandez clashed yesterday. In this skirmish, besides killing about 100 fed oral and rapturing 1.1 .'I, he took a num ber of horses and Hcvcrnl cannon. Abandons Food Supply. Tho advance guard foil back so pre cipitately upon tho main federal body that it abandoned even it food sup pile. Velnsco was taken by surprise ami his men, afraid either to face Her nninlc' force or to retreat, toward Tor reou, quickly found themselves com pletcly cordoned. Velnsco wns snid tn lie practically without artillery, Oovernor Wij Lose Hli job. Doglas, Aria., April 4. Dispatches from Naco, Honorn, today tell of troble between Colonel P, Klius Calles, mili tary commnnder of the state, and Gov ernor Maytorenn. Maytorena was obliged, under compulsion, to disgorge $.V),ihio out of his private fortune to meet payment on a shipment of a mil lion rounds of iinimiiiiitlou ami thou winds of rifle consigned to constitu tionalist for use by Ocneral Obregan in hi campaign Into Topic nnd Jalisco, It i authoritatively slntcd that May torenas days aa governor of Honor are numbered. MANY LICENSES I8BUF.D DUB.INO MONTH OF MARCH Tho records In the county cli-i' office show that diiriiiu the month cf March, HI!S licenses, most of them for the veraciou fishermen wero Issued, and the county wn enriched in the sum vt SI8 thereby. Since Days iV"' i. 'VV- ,Vi 4 Caillaux jurists thnt she shot at tho editor to Beare him and di) not intend to kill him. Me had published one let ter seriously reflecting on tho honor of (luillanx. Tho shooting followed hi) refusal to return the letters. IN TRANSFER WILL BE MADE SHORT LY AND EXTENSIVE IMPROVE MENTS WILL BE POSSIBLE IN NEW BUILDING, H wns announced Inst night by V. i. Dcckebach, manager of the Halom Brewery nssociut ion, that the Mario i creamery, whicli is now located nt the comer of Liberty and Ferry stroct'i, will soon occupy a fine, largo room in the brewery building. This transaction is considered to be ono of the most. Important ones tuking place in rsaicin tor some time. Mr. Dcckebiich states that tho creamery comimuy will transfer IN limi'ii i tin ti and general equipment to tho quarter in tho brewery within n short time ami will bo ull prepared to transact busi ness, , Fine Quarters, H is doubtful it there is a better loca tion for a creamery in the statu than I lint w hich the Marion Cruimn.rv I'n have selected. The room was formerly used as a brew house, for the old brew ery when It was conducted by Maurice Mmger years ago. 'Ihe walls Bre four feet thick and are composed of stoti" and comeiit. Tho rluor of l hit of concrete and the place Is clean and siiuiiHry in every respect from cellar to garret. Another great advantage to be on vc, I by tho creamery company I in the way of cold storage rooms supplied with ice nnd tunc liino-coolt-il iiii,u fi-.ini the. brewery ice - plant an t shipping lacinue will ho or the licst. Othor Production rotmlble, It is also imssibhl that the crenmerv company may extend its business to include the uifiniifuctiiriiig of other pro ducts such as bo cream and a generel lino of goods Used by Ihe confectionery storo in Salem. This Inst proposition has not been definitely decided upon a yet but It is more thnn probable mm sue ii a puiiic win vo added to the Toainory, Waltor Shafor and Rov Boh nnnmi went to Hlnck Hock yesterday on a fish ing expedition. When they left here they had a splendid outfit of files from llunser Urn., and intended to lay in un aorlmeiit of ai nroorinln bull nt tlut. las niul Falls City. They borrowed a corkscrew, nnd arn not particular about Individual drinking cups, sniiltary bot tlus being good enough for them. CIESEf Boy Cook Employed in Van couver, B. C, Home Con fesses Woman's Murder. BURNED HER BODY IN FURNACE OF HOME Examination Reveals Her Gold Ring and Quantity of . Charred Bonei. Vancouver. H. C. A nr!l A Tn..lr Kong, 17 years old, a Chinoso, today continued ll.nl lw. i,,,,r,l, ,.,..! ,u , -i.., i. ...... .... . ..nn, v imi iiro J. Millard, wifo of the chief ticket agent of tho Canadian Pacific Bail way com pany, who has been missing ainco last Wednesday. Kongl was employed at the Millard home. Millard had gono to Victoria, nnd upon his return wus un able to locate his wife. lileodstaina on the carpet and the discovery of Mrs. Millard ' lint, morn ing dress and other wearing npporol in tho garret, with a bloody axe in the basement, indicated foui play. The clothing was torn in place, uiid gave ovidencn of a struggle. Boy at Once Suspected. Suspicion at once fivvtened upon tha Chinese boy, but ho steadfastly denied any knowledge of Mrs. Millur.i' disap pvarnnco. Later tho polico flog- tho gnrdon at the Millard residence,"' in, search of the woman's body. . ' ,V. A later examination of tho furnace, . however, revealed n gold ring that hud been worii by Mrs. Millard, and a quan tity of charred bones. Confronted with those evidences of th n t'-riino th Chinoso boy niiiilo a com jiloto eoniVHHlon, OF STATE OF OREGON WELL-KNOWN BOOSTER FOS IM PARTIAL ENFORCEMENT OP LAW AND STRICT ECONOMY IF CH03EN FOR PLACE. Tho Mr. Dooley, of Salem, Fred 8. Hy lion, has flopped hi sky-piece in the political ring at last, llynoii fared forth this morning with a petition and declared himself as being a republican candidate for tho office of labor com missioner. "Frit.," lis hn is commonly known by hi friends und acquaintances, has been a two thousand volt wiro in Saloni for several years. lie Is n booster from tho first neck of the Woods; a claimant to the iiamo of royal good fellow and in emerging into the political contest with nil colors flying. Mr. ltynon first ','iuue to Salem a a visitor, llo liked tho place nml settled down here. Un then opened up u real estate offico nnd succeeded, ulong with his old partner, Lou llochtcl, in doing some hiiudiuiuia things for tho Capital City in the way of improvements, ilynon was then elected to the most honorable office of secretary of the promotion department of the Salem Comemiciiil club, in which capacity ho is now serving, lie Is also secrelnry of tho Williimetlo Valley Fx position association nml secretary nt the Oregon Loganberry association. If noinlnatcil and elected to tho of fice of labor rominlsisoiier, M.r, llynoi has thin to assure the public: 'If t am uninitiated and elected I promise during my term of offico a faithful performance of all its duties and Impartial enforcement of nil labor laws. 1 shall reduce nil tnxc for In "poclion of industries to the minimum nnd In each ease make the fee cninmoii surate with time required for Inspes (ion. All foe nbovo cost of inspection shall go Into tho state treasury, 'Slogan: Kitual consideration an.l Justice to tho laborer and tho employ er. ' SMALLFOZ SCARE BrOII.8 TILLAMOOK'S SOCIETY CARD Tillamook, Or., April 4. Five case of smallpox developed hero (luring tho week. All of them have been traced to A. Midlenn, a re- cent arrival. To prevent further spreal of the diiusno the council last night ordered closed all place of public gathering, It in possible that the term of court scheduled to begin Monday will be postpoiifld. FRED BYNON WOULD BE