ft STV
DAILY OAnrAL JOURNAL, SALKM, OREGON, THURSDAY, APRIL 4, 1&07. MW'flg-l'llJIUUl'
4.T -'t
.f&&
&
fctR; California
Sunshine
iii1
in
i j'i . i
fin every tin of
J. A. FOLGER & CO'S.
Golden Gate Coffee
SOLD ON MERIT
J. A. FOLGER & CO..
btGihJ 1050 SAN FRANCISCO
IBLIC
MUST
AID
irrimaH Says Rail
roads Are Facing
a Crisis
tSaysMergersWill Be Pre-
hated if Government Will
Legalize Traffic Distribution
grated from New York Tlmos.)
I R:cndlcg to a request for a com-
liktslvo statement of tlio railroad
t of the present agitation ovor cor-
try, soma of It of doubtful purpose
and somo tho result of mtsdlrectod
zeal Inspired by tho national admin
istration, and If wo nro ovor going
to cxtrlcato tho railroads wo hnvo
got to coino out In tho opon nnd tell
tho people the railroads sldo of tho
matter."
Tho objecting friend suggested
thnt this might bo done by tho prepa
ration of a pamphlet, but Mr. Hnrrl
man would have none of that.
"Before a pamphlet was oft tho
press," ho Bald, "thoro would bo a
change In tho situation nnd we would
bo put In tho position of trying to
explain what ho hnd sold boforo. Tho
only thing to do is to roach the pub
lic through tho newspapers, and
whether or not our attitude mny bo
misunderstood by somo pcoplo, wo
will gain by every pnrtlclo of moro
accurate knowlodgo that wo may b
nllo to glvo somobody."
Than ho turned to tho roperter:
"Take the altuntlon whon this In
torstato commorco commission In
quiry stnrted. Thoro woro ponding
arrangements betwoun sevornl lnrgo
corporations nnd foreign capitalists
ntJoa rights and their nllogod on
xuiatnt upon tho rights of tho ! running Into tho tons of millions
&le, Edward II Hnrrlman, who Thoso arrangements woro on vory
wcth tho Union I'aclflo-Southorn I fnvorablo tonus. As soon as tho for-
system dominate 25,000 jolgnora hoard that tho Intorstnto
'm of the railways of the United i commorco commission v.ns going aft-
w, bis explalnrd to tho Tlmeii
rtisons underlying tho rocont
i of attitude townrd tho public
torird the government of tho
'met he r. presents.
IssodMngMr Harrlman discuss
ai3.ni.rww the elements of
niCmtma ilnloiii'j by the rail
Wiasl & liMness interests of
WK ' i iistunira. In mmli
8u' ! out the discussion
''' af i .nl ixilnt of v1u- ninra
i .ii'' than It linu liaun
& ' J "H,. mi to thla Hmn
U, ien. J . m luuily enougH,
nM" h Miman received th
' iu home for the
'- ngaged in ox.
' m tluatlng friend
1 n his policy oC
1 "m' maud I ug and
iitt to tell the pub-
il u.iilh loottail nt Mia
w- '" intimate state-
'i.., v f the "franker
W '!.!( h bespoke In
" p tl- in U'lahlnalnn n .. .1
-' a-'.l .r .. l . .
. - ' " " RIUIICHJH 01
'4 ' uroduca. If una.
- m rl t ,,i
''tivnrni mmiiiir
1 !" railroads nnd
J ' au'liurlty of Btnte
" iiifJIuiM thrniiKh
1 find expression
' "haplng the Ra
it
I -.-
l-ev i
v,i
I I id
k ' i. .
HuiJ.
U .
-WJ ,
IM- - s
I Si
te "
It
i f . i
C tl-i
l1' .ra
: i.
y -,
tt- ,s
Vf- . .
ru-.
- lavlacdown hli
iThiiteney whleh
1 "Heratato oo m-
l "' one of th re
' remark:
,v xmr way, Mr.
ft Tjjm o KvitaIn
'i '
4 iii the floar of
uMonaiiy pausing
Lff. rt 1m l.-I. a
14 Srt " wringjB
U..i,.,
n Tali or taa ImnW
,.tl '"'m rf the Pa.
--" aiiar tills
U L 1" e ea8 loate
ju "iiwiiiun we
u,th;,.:Ttry,BRtodo
I -, , '""Praeni or the
he wrt of t, r,n.
wTh01U,e Jubllc and
,,,:' uu bother. It Is
HUM ... " " ' waiter cau
Clr-J.H... .- -
"... "r meiHOd.
iiwiV1".-
. '"tit 7T y whatever
bT..r U wt effective
,, "Uaat. to eanlalu
s . v 5ral PoWlc. It
,. " Te hrodnr.t . ...
ttBllOut thn M.
N;e
or tho Union Pacific thoy enmo to tho
conclusion thnt American corpora
tions In general wero In a protty bad
way and the negotiations woro
brokon off.
"Now If thoso arrangements had
boon completed It would have ortnb
llshed n standard of credit for all
good American eaterprluea Umt
wanted to raise funds abrund. More
over, the iRiportHtitlon of the gli
would lmve added four time Its
amount to the banking crmllu of the
country. All that waa atopiwl, for
the time being, by the timidity of
foreign capital produced by the Insti
tution of the Inquiry."
A Xou- Kra In Kullrnndliig.
Mr. Harrlman went on to dlacuat
whether the railroads are now toeing
n. new era in their development, aa
dletluct from that which hue gone
beforo as was the period of reorgani
sation from that of rapid oxpnneiou
which preceded It, or that of tremen
dous traOlo development whleh ha
followed In the laet soven or eight
years.
"UnqueetlORably that la the ease,"
ho wild. "And that la the very re
sou wJiy I believe It Meeutlal that
the railroads and the public should
reach a common basis of understand
ing. It the railroads are unable to
meet the further development of the
country, they become fetters for the
country's bnalHeee latereais. We een
nee the causes of this situation If we
go book 18 or SO year In railroad
devefopmant.
"Qaek of 1SI for a dteade there
had beeti a period of rapid construc
tion of railroad, the great period of
railroad enaction as the country be
gau to recover from the effects of thn
Civil war. The railroads In that era
unquestionably built beyond the abl!
ty of the country to support them.
Whan a reversion of business came
in the oarly nineties, as such things
do ooino from time to time, here wa
all this railroad construction which
there was no corresponding demand.
The receivership period was tht lugl
oal result.
"Then we had tho period of re
ceiverships and reorganizations '
whloh was praotloably contemporan
eous with the recovery of the coun
try from tho depression of 1893. But
In that period practically nothing
was done by the railroads to antici
pate tho future development of the
country. They had all they couIJ
do holding their own and making two
ends meet after what had gono be
fore. Now- suddenly the country
emerges front the years of business
depression Into six or elgnt years of
the greatest development It has ever
known. Tho railroads have been
obliged to crowd Into this period all
the new work of providing now facili
ties that should have been distribut
ed through as many years moro pre
ceding. And at tho same time thoy
have had to anticipate, so far as pos
slblo, futuro development of tho
country.
"It mntters little for this brondor
view of the enso whotlmr wo aro on
top of or have passed by tho orost
of this present wavo of prosperity
Every such tldo hns had its rise and
ebb, and one would bo living In a
fool's parndlso who didn't tnko that
Into consideration In figuring out hla
future requirements. Tho Important
fact for the railroads Is that tho
country is going to keep right on do
veloplng through tho next 20 yonrs
and tho next 60 yars and the next
hundred years and as far nhoad aa
we may want to look.
And AVo Are Unprepared for It.
"Now, how do wo find tho rnll
ronds proparod to moot this national
development? 1 said n few mlnutos
ago thnt thoy hnd boon obliged to
crowd Into the Inst six or eight yonr
a task of providing fnclHtlts that
should hnvo been sprond ovor ten
yenrs precodlng. Tho rosult Is thnt
thoy have fairly overlapped tho facil
ities of the country to bring to them,
with economy olther to shipper or
railroad, tho goods which aro to bo
cnrrled. This Is tho nil-Important
point for co-operntlon liotweon tho
railroads and tho public, for tho fail
ure to handlo tho business economic
ally on tho part of tho shipper hns
gonornlly boen chnrged up against
tho railroads, while tho railroads In
abllty to handlo It economically has
moant less cffcctlvo service and n
tendency to hlghor rntos.
"Now, take an oxnmplo. The
other wook I wont up to Greton,
Mass., wnoro my boy Is going to
school. I lived In my car whllo I
was thore, and I couldn't holp notic
ing conditions In tho station ynrd.
Thoro woro threo coal cars nnd ono
boxcar on n siding, and unloading
tho threo coal cars woro two single
horso carts. At ono of tho enrs thoy
woro actually screening tho coal as
thoy unloadod It.
"Now, right on tho othor Bldo of
thoso cars thoro was a coal plied. If
thnt conl had been unloaded Into tho
shod Instead of Into tho carts, tho
enrs might have boon moved out on
tho road again to carry somobody
olso's coal. Hut. no, thoy had to un
tracks and movo out somewhoro, it
Is necessary, In prnctlco, to move vir
tually tho ontlro hundred. Hut If
you have the total amount of frolght
distributed among fewer enra of
larger capacity, or have tho hundred
enrs distributed over a groater num
ber of tracks, thoro is a proportion
ate reduction of tho numbor of enrs
that will have to bo moved In ordor
to pick out the 20.
"You come now ngnlnst tho tint
limitations In this matter of terminal
facilities. There is only a glvon
amount of space uvnllublo on all tho
Island of Manhattan thnt you can
cover with tracks, nnd we have prac
tically reached the limit of carloads
on the existing gungo. Right hero
the question of motive power comes
In.
"The freight enro la llko n bridge.
The trucks nro tho piers and tho
body is the roadway. Now, In mons
uro as you lungthun the body to tnko
on moro load, you hnvo got to In
cronse tho dead weight of tho car to
bo able to carry It, nnd every such
Increase In iloatl weight moans n do
croase in earning enpnclty for tho
car or for tho train whon n glvon mo
tlvo powor Is nppllod to movo it. It
is n mnttor of practical experience
thnt If we could go on Increasing tho
width of tho cars up to a standard
that would bo pormlsstblo on a six
foot gunge, or oven a flvo-foot gungo,
wo would be able to got n groat deal
moro enr capacity for a glvon In
crease In dead wolght.
"Furthorpiore, wo would gain In
tho loading nnd unloading. If, for
Instnnco, by Increasing car capacity
you put Into, twenty enra freight
which hnd previously taken up 30
enrs, you requlro loss terminal track
ago for tho handling of tho freight,
you nro nblo to got hi on nnd oft with
greater speed nnd you hnvo tho other
10 cars out on tho lino earning
somothlng In the meantime. Hut
right here wo conio up ngnlnst the
mutter of motlvo powor, nnd In thnt
wo lmve reached tho limit of dovulop
mont undor atentn, so long ns tho
prosent gungo is employed.
H'h the Only Wny Capacity Cuii Hrow
"You will boo why this is when
you remombor thnt thoro aro throt
ways In which an engine can grow to
get moro tractive powor. it must
elthor be longthoned, ho brondoued,
or be inado hlghor. And In all threo
directions wo hnvo mndo our unglnoti
grow ns fnr as thoy can on tho pres-
Hunt standnrd gungo or four foot
lond It, a cart at a tlmo, and to tlo I QeiL DJ,i you aV8r r,0 j tno m
of one of tho modern frolght Jocomo-
tivos?
"Well, you probably noticed the
swaying back and forth that nacom
pa Hied the drive of the pistons.
That meant that the centor of gravity
had crept up Just about as high as It
could go without having the engln-
topple over when It got Into action.
It told you tlmt we bad gone aa far
as we could la building engines up
Into the air. Xow If you will think
provided by the shippers. Yet It Is R mlnuU, yoil wlu . thtt ur
put up to the railroads to Increau obviously a Hmlt In length of llrehox
their facilities so ns to elmluate tho yw W,ic, It ,B impound u Are
i-unauon. mam wuhi we re iry-f XH bjm. And we have reached
ing to do, but you wlM not get any , ,., IlHlf. M. w-ii
up throo cars for about throo times
as long ns was necessary. On thnt
bnBls the service of two cam was lost
for the ontlre time that tho throe
cars were allowed to remain nt Gre
ton. "If you multiply that sort of thing
by the number of sidings in all the
towns and villages of the country you
will see what I meat by taylng that
the facilities provided by the rail
roads have overlapped the facilities
It la truo of every nrttclo that goos
Into railroad construction or equip
nont. Thcso Increases nro contlnu
Ing onus nnd enter oven into tho vory
andortaklnga by which tho rnllrondd
niek to obtain grater economics of
Dporntlon. Thoy hnvo to bo consid
ered In the llnnnclug of railroad, ox
tension ns well ns In dally opornttan,
nnd our oconomlos, whatever thoy nro
hnvo got to bo snfllclent to offnot
.horn before wo can flguro on any
actunl reduction, In tho cost of hand
ling tho trntttc."
o . . . . .. .
Tno clock tloks and tlcka thn tlmo
nwny,
Shortening up our llvos each day.
Bat, drink nnd bo niorry,
For somo dny you will ho whore,
You can't Hooky Mountain Ten.
(Free samples nt Dr. Stone's Btoro.l
o
Tho Stock Market.
Tho Henry Clows flnnuelnl lotter
of date Now York, Mnroh 30, htw
this:
Tho stock market during tho woel:
was fverlsh nnd nnrottlod. An lm
muiiHr amount, In small lots, of bo
ourltluB has boon absorbed by smalt
Investment buyers, but tho market
nt lnrgo was conspicuously lacking
In big pool buying powor. TUIh Is
oxplnlned by tho fact that vory heavy
lopfloa have, been sustained by provl
our holders; confidence In pool opor
ntlon has been badly whaUon, besides
tho floating supply of capital has
boen practically exhausted by tho im
mouse offerings of now securities,
and lnrgo sums of tho latter are Htlll
hanging ovor tho market. During
Jnnunry and February nearly $200,
000,000 of flhort-torm rnllrond notes
woro offerod. Then ovr $300,000.'
motives to get greater trnctlvo power
per engine, and could Increase the
capacity of our cnrB without dispro
portionately Increasing tho dead
weight that has to bo drawn In mov
ing n glvon train load.
Hlectrlc Power nnd Its Advantages.
"But porhnps It Is chimerical to
think now of rebuilding tho railroads
of tho entire country nnd of replacing
tho ontlro rnllrond eqttlphiont. If so,
what Is the net bxest thing?
"Obviously electricity. And 1 be
lieve Hint the railroads will have to
come to that, not only for the pur
pose of getting a largo unit of mo
tive power and of distributing It ovor
tho tratnlond, but on account of tho
fuel proposition. That brings up an
other phase of tho existing condi
tions. We hnvo to use up fuel to
carry our fuel, and there are certain
limitations along this line, Jtut as
much ns thoro nro In tho mnttur of
cor capacity or of motlvo powor, par
ticularly whon you consider tho dis
tribution of tho coal-producing ro
ntons with rsspoct to tho major iwo
nuos of trnfllc.
"Tho grot, saving resulting from
tho uso of electricity Is nppnront,
quite nsldo from tho matter of In
creasing tho trnctlvo powor and tho
tralnlond, but thoro Is this additional
consldernton, thnt whon you nro op
erating oloctrlcty you nro not losing
money whon you atop your trnln.
Thnt must not bo lost sight of. Tho
trnln makes money when It Is going
somowhero, whon it is carrying Bomc
thlng thnt somobody wants. When
It stops It censes to mnko money nnd
becomes a losing proposition bn
cuuso It goos right on burning up
cona without doing any work. Your
electric train whon It atopa Isn't
usiiik P ' power, nnu uio nmy nnft , ,.,,. ,.k ... vftriculB rnllpond.
fuel waslo Is that Incidental to tho .,, to ,,toolchoU,orH ot rocord nt
mntntonnnco of tho system.
It All Menus (livntei KvpciiM'.
1 pnr hnvo also had to bo financed.
Thoso Include $100,000,000 by St.
tho
.... i i .,. ., ihn.ii 1'nul. ovor $00,000,000 by
thIngH In dotnll to show you. first thnt Northern N1- 1'J00,000,,
the rallroadB In handling tho In- ,Norl nv,Bt- 'Cn'00rt0,0 v,y "j0"1
eromed volume of trnfllc under pres- Northern. $70,000,000 by New York
tho Now York & New Hnvon. Ho
out condltous, or anything npproxl
mating thorn, must do It nt nn over
inoronslng ratio of expense thnt will
tend somo day to become prohibitive
if presont rates are to bo maintained
or fair returns renllzod for tliolr
Hhnreholderfl, nnd, second, thnt the
only rollof whloh can bo obtained
through econnmlos of physlcnl opera
tion must conio through tho outlu)
of ornnrmnuH nmounts of money such
nu would bo Involved In a general
electrification or n chnugo In gunge.
"The railroads nro now develop
ing their facilities Just as faat as con
dltlons allow. The uoceeslty ot
double tracking the transcontinental
line is recognised universally, and
we are all lengthening ohi slillugj
sides thoso heavy nmounts It Is wo!
known thnt mnny hlnnkn of uev
boudn hold by various syndlcatoi
havo lifon held nt llrst hands for
months seeking a resting plnco In In
vestor's strong boxos. With such a
lond as UiIh, roughly vHtlmnled nt
$1,000,000,000, and tho buying pow
ers so crippled, it Is hardly reason
nblo to nnlllclpnto and extravagant
upturn In tho market, although (hero
Is Justification for n rouHonnblo ad
vance In prloos after Hiioh an Im
meiiHO rocemilon which linn taken,
plare.
Why
corect conception ot the magnitude
of the task until you consider Jnst
fnr a little while the problem of ter
minal facilities. That is where we
have got to have the co-operation of
the public more than anywhere else,
for we have reached the limit of pro
viding terminal facilities as the pres
ent development goes.
Why 4i Wider fiungu In XmmIimI.
"Tuku the Island ot Manhattan for
an Illustration. The ability of the
railroads to render service Is abso
lutely dependent upon the matter of
So there yon are. If we Increase
our car capacity we Increase the un
productive dead weight that Is to b
drawn disproportionately to the In
crease of the load, and In so doing we
are making demands upon tractive
power that has already reached the
II mil of Its development under pres
ent conditions. The obvious relief
then would We by widening the gunge
to six feet, and I am not sure thai
Die railroads will not come to that
la the eiul.
"If the country after the CHvll war
terminal facilities. And those are j had adopted the six-foot guage that
conditioned, not upon the length of some of the railroads In the south
the yards, but the number of tracks then employed, or even a live-foot
and the capacity of the cars. jguage. we would be In much bolter
"For Instance. If you have a hun-1 shape today, for we could increase
dred cars on a limited nuwtbr of the height and breadth of our loro-
and our spur tracks In anticipation ( Hare a torpid llvnr when Herblne,
of the day when we can Joint np tho the only liter regulator will help
sections and have two-track roads' you T There Is no reason why you
acroes the country. But, do th- best should suffer from Dyspepsia, Con
they will, the railroads are face to stlpalloii, Chills nnd I'ever or nuy
face with physical conditions, sttcr' liver ooiiihIrIhlb. whan iiai-hinn win
as I have described In a small pari,' aire you. I. C. Waits. Weatvllle,
which make it Impossible to handle Fta., wrllee. "I wna slok for a month
a larger tralile without a constantly with ohllls and fevur, and after tnk
Inerenalng ratio of expense. It is apjlng two bottle of Herblne nm well
to umm and to the pimple whom they and healthy." Sold by D. J.'Fry.
A,at4ft 4fc .IaIa Mnl.i.. auAi.in . ... AM.. '
mmt . w ill MIWW win itivniiB vi inula
economical operation If returns are
to be continued to tliolr sharehold
ers , or rates even maintained on their
presetft basis.
"But before we go on to that,
there Is one other factor of Increased
ooat that tho railroads cannot eeeape
from, whatever ill Mr economic, and
that Is the eost of labor, not only di
rectly employ! by them, but enter
ing Into every Item of their new con
struction, their equipment, or their
Improved terminal faeilltlea.
"It Is a common saying that a rail
road tie costs nothing; It Is only the
labor that the tie represents that
ooeU money. The same thing might
be said for the steel rail without
stretchlag the truth, ami relatively
'IHvo-Story IJrleli.
Jos. Meyers nnd the Aihoh Strom
estate will urost a two-story brick
on Itale street, en, the alto of the old
Itelner Ash market. It will hare 60
feet front, and make two store rooms
Hilton by a Hpldnr.
Through blood iKilsonlng oaused
by a spider bite, John Washington
of Iloaquovllie, Tex., would have lost
his log, which became a inaaa or run
ning sere, had he not been persuad
ed to try Ilurklen's Arnica Valve,
lie writ's- "The first application
relieved, ami four boxes healed alt
the sores." Heals overy sore. 2Se
at J. C. Terry's, druggist.
e
This Week Only $2.75 to $3
AH Silk Umbrellas in Red, Blue, Brown, Green or Plum Colors, with
or without fancy Borders
SPECIAL PRICE $2.00
ROSTEIN & GREENBAUM
CCrMMERCIAL STREET, SALEM