DAILY CAPITA!, JOUBNAX. SALXM. OBEQON. TUESDAY, SECTEMBEB 27, 1004.
SUCCESSFUL OREGON INDUSTRIES
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Red Clove Pays at the Rate of $24.00 Pes Acte,
Logan Bettxes Pay at the Rate of $350 Pet Acte.
Sfcrawbewies Pay at the Rate of $J56 Pe Acte.
Gapes Pay From $300 to $400 to the Acte.
Thfcty-elght Cow Daisy Pays $4,000 a Yea.
' " Alfalfa Pays at the Rate of $50 Pe Ace.
$1,000 to $J,500 Pe Awe Fom Growing Onions,
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The Journal Presents Below Some Statements Made by Growers Who Are Successfully
Producing the Crops They Tell About. Any One Wishing Information Can Refer to Them
by Mail or in Person, and Will Find Them Intelligent and Reliable Gentlemen. These
Statements of Fact Are Not Got Up for Booming the Willamette Valley, and Are Only a
Portion of the Successful Farming Operations That Are Carried On Here.
INTERVIEWS WITH
FRUIT GROWERS
Bed Clover.
(By M. L. Jones, of Hrooks, Marion
( County, Oregon.)
Red clover fs n successful crop In
"Western Oregon on nearly all lands,
from tbo foothills of tbo Ooscndes to
the Pacific ocean. Tlio value of clo
ver feed ami the fertilizing qualities of
the growing crop are too well under
stood to need nuy discussion. My
noit successful experience in getting
n Eooil stand of clover Is to carefully
cuttivnto the land for n crop of grain
ns-,early an the land can be worked in
the spring, sowing the clover seed be
hind the grain drill nnd following up
with n harrow. With any ordinary
mimmer, I would oxpect to get a good
ntnnd of clover. If the stock are kept
off tho ground while it is wet, on fairly
good land wo shnll get from two to
fonr tons per acre. Tho clover makes
n better quality of liny if cut as early
ns it will do, and tho second crop will
then bo much better, whether for pas
ture, hay or seed. When the clover is
left standing until the stalks get hard,
the second imp is not nearly so good
nnd in a very dry season a stand of
clover will bo very much injured, If
not totally destroyed. My rotation is
(i clover hay crop for two seasons, fol
lowed by ono season of pasturing or
cultivating, and seeding in grain. As
n rule the less amount of grain seed
to the acre that is sown tho better
stand of clover. Huvo tho land in
thoroughly cood condition nnd sow'
plenty of elovor seed to the ncre. From
nine to 12 pounds of clover seed to
the aero Is required, and Oregon grown
ceil is preferred. The following spring
n full crop can be eut, and if got ou
reasonably early n second crop can be
cut for seed. Present prices of clo
ver Is 10 per ton bated f. o. b, at
nearest shipping point. The first erop
on good lund will reach three tons per
ncre. This year the seed crop will be
light, owing to the long dry summer,
but an nverago crop of seed is three
to six bushels to the acre, worth from
V5 to $0 per bushel. I estimate the
cost of making the clover erop at M
per ton, baled and ready for shlpmwnt.
Tliit is !) otitiidg figure, where all the
work is hired dan. The 4xpoate of
baling is 1.50 to it per ten, the farm
er usually doing all the rest ssf tho
wqrk nnti making the profit. Clover
lasts two years. If uu sw three to
jive pound of timothy ed per acre
with the clover, you will get a gins
crop' th at stands five ar. Clover on
butjmn lands tan lw cut for three
years, ('lover seed 0l ! fr bushel
for hulling. Figuring three ts to
the nere, and deducting 16 fur baling,
would leave f:M. Add value of a erop
of sed, and value of imsture and ini
provement in the fertility of the soil.
whUh will mora tUn pay all cost of
ecedt wear and tear of machinery and
fences, ('lover should 1 rat lu June,
vrbctlier it has been pastured er not,
tOgVt a good qiMlity f hay and main
tiun a good stand of rluver fwr the
pqvt year.
i .i o i i
Loganberries,
(Ily A. M. UFollett, Ht. S. nervals,
Marlon t'oanty, Oregon.)
The Legaulierry is a aefnl and
roAtable erop in Marlon county. 1
t out a lot fHr yars age and the
following year 1 picked two Slqoarl
orates to the vine. The Mowing year
I (mil a crop from idO year-Mid vine
nd about -280 1 year old. The arop
brought me t erat. This vmi,
10Ot, I picked from ISM vine about
il!'(J crates, the dry summer euttlng
the 'Uld dowu about one-third. My
vino oeeu'iy one and one-third acres.
My nun has seven aere out, and all
J3rst )tt orup, and marketed 15)13
orate. Wo got almost 1.03 per erato
for the crop, sailing uerly all at Port
land. The above price- is f. o. K at
ahlpplng point, by bt or exptt.
The picking cost nbout 20 cent per
orate, the fruit being easier gathered
than strawberries. Tho crates and
boxes cost us about 13 cents. Tho net
price in the market is about 70 cents
to tho ' grower. Plants nre sold on
the ground for $30 per thousand. They
are set out eight feet npart each wny,
and strung on four wires, No. 12 to 1.1,
costing about $20 an aero for wiring.
The posts are sot 32 feet apart along
tho rows, and it tnkes about 1C0 to
200 posts to tho ncre, costing about
$10 to $20 per acre. Counting 000
plants to the acre, the cost of putting
out Loganberries is nbout $00 'per
acre, and so far there is no limit to
the time n patch will last.
Cultivation is by plow nnd then
with spring-tooth harrow. As soon as
tho fruit is off tbo old vines aro cut
and the new vines nro trolled on the
wires. Tho old vines aro cut up with
a disk barrow and plowed under. The
Loganberry requires the very best soil
and a well-drained location, but will
stand a great deal of moisturo in summer.
AND FARMERS WHO
ARE DOING THINGS
warm, dry spring hastening the ripen
ing of the cjop faster than usual. Crop,
was light this year, as spring was dry
nnd there was no rain during tbo
ripening season, when showers aro gen
erally plentiful enough to add materi
ally to the crbp, which is produced
without irrigation. Tho folingo the
past season wuh Inrger and tho crop
lighter than usual. The paino land
would ordinnrily produce 1000 crates.
At 6H cents per crnto net, it pays bet
ter to ship than to sell to tho cannery.
Mr. Aufranco farms 20 ncios to fruit,
growing apples, pears, prunes, cherries,
grapes, raspberries, blackberries, cur
rants, Logauberrica nnd vegetables.
Manure or fertilizer adds to the value
of a strawberry crop, but any ordinary
lund will grow them without. As high
as $200 to $300 per acre has been made
on strawberries ut Salem, but $75 to
$125 per aero is more nearly the aver
age return.
Orapa Growing and Wine Making at
Salem.
(By A. Aufrance, Salem, Oregon.)
Grupo growing for the market and
for wine making is an established in
dustry at Salem, tbo Concord and com
mon varieties that ripen in tho North
ern and Middle states, doing well, and
being produced with little attention
for family uso nnd the local markets.
For shipment tho Concord, Delaware,
Niagara, nud Sweetwater are grown in
many favored localities, generally on a
western or southern slope, having good
air-drainage below, which all success-
A. Au
Strawberries.
(By K. Htifer, Salem, Marion County,
Oregon.)
drawing strawberries is one of the
many fruit industries of Oregon nnd
is welt established in Marion county,
there being several hundred ncrta
about Salem, and thousands of crates
ahippod nnd canned at tbo cannery
each year. As a field crop tbey are
idunted on well drained land that has
been thoroughly nlowod in tho fall and ful vlnevurdists understand
again in tho spring, dragged uutil franc, one and one-half miles east of
thoroughly pulverised Hnc una smooth, Salem, has grown grapes with great
and plants set out In May or as soon success for 14 years. They are also
as the ground oan be worked up good grown in large quantities at Mt. An-
after the hetivy spring ratns are over. g and Buttcville, in Marion county.
Murk off the ground three feet each The Aufanc vineyard is on fiat lurid
wny and set the plants with a dibble, uni luxivy loam soil ami manure has
tho crowns even with the surface, been put on part of the vineyard once
Planted this way all the work of eul- , that time.. The vines nro six feet
tivation can be done with two horses apart each way. One-year-old plants
and ridlug eultivutor, and n little hoe- are set out and bear the third year.
Ing about the plants once a year will Mr. Aufrunc says: 1 consider them a
be all that is needed. Thorough eulti gmd, reliable crop, but u man must
yatlou uutil fall will result iu a fine know how to dress vines and train
stand and a full crop tho follawiug them tironurlv. Huvo lost n iron three
spring. Better results uro obtained by times in 14 'years from frosts. This
removing all blossoms tiie first yean,
The runuer are cut off once after they
gt out long and before they root. New
runners will ltd ronnei uerure ran
oh the strongest plants, and enough
uew plants will sot to fill til empty
hills that may need replanting. In
field culture ami to grow fruit only it
doe net iiy to plant iu full, us only
a jmrtial erop is s&uircd the following
spring. If tho winter is mild, as is
often the ease, it will i-ost more to.
lean weeds iu the spring than the.
1 art crop will bring. The objeet of
spring planting and high entlvntion
tn!ll lat iu fall is to keep tbo grouud
clean and get n largo growth of plant
roots and foliHgo that will ensure a
ktiang growth and a big erop the fol
lowing spring. Plants eot $1.50 to
ii I thousand, and should be en
gaged the fall Were, Strawberries
are Wkwl three to four time, not
counting th first aud last piekings.
whlah ylasd n profit. They are packed
in 4 hax emit aud sold in the local
markat or at the mattery or shipped.
Following nre retarat from live-acre
field one ami ouo-half mil east of
Salem: Crop of 1101 SOO crates, av
erege return $L5 per crate. Net re
turn, less ctt of crates (10c) and
piskUg (&.'). 83 cents per erate, $0$Q
$l6d pr nsre to grower. Berries
are sold to loeal trade or shipped to
year a frost iu May took most of my
flrop. Can sell all the Concord and
White ('haslet, (u Fronoh grape) in J
the local marKct at : to 4 cents a
pound. Cost of jKickiiKe U very small
I plant about liOO plants to tho acre
nnd work with ono-horso cultivator.
Vines do not require any winter pro
tectiou, and we have had but one
froese to kill vines in 14 years. Con
Cord will average 20 to 30 pounds to
yie plant, and harvest six to ten tons
tmirketable grapes to the acre. The
wine graies grown sueseosfully by me
lire the red and black Hurguudy, and
red and white Chaslet. Put on low
trellis aud one wire. Crop is about
the same quantity as Concord, and
produse 000 to S00 gallonos of wine
"t the aero, which sells at 40 to 50
awits porgullon. Of eourse, wine mak
ing and crane growing is a business
lie niHstHiiderstand, but there is no
Uouble in grawiag grapes for tho mar
ket. on the single pale of trellis close
to tlt urouad aud the reflected heat
uf the earth ripens nnd makes tho
raps sweet and better tor the tame
r for win. 1 skull be pleased, to
sJhiw my viaeyanl, or answer lottera
by mall.
On Dairying.
J. I. Barber, Marion County, Oregon.)
I had mv ulace rented for several
Portland, and grower oan s,ell all he,wanth and got it Ixiek July 4, 1SNU.
Han produce. Will have eight acres, !Ftihu the 4th to the 15tU my eheak
next year. By makiug up bis own from the creamer v was $3S,fll; fn.ua
ott(M and Iwxea in winter, eest oan J Julv 15 to Aug. 1, it waa $1SS.S9. Same
be rdud from 1 to 1 eenU per number of cows, but different feed
C4i for package. On these Ave net, J aud eare.
100 trratw were not picked, as pickers Have 1W acre of Jand on tho Ban
could Bvt be pr.urd on account of tiara river, M ncre cleared. I milk
SS cows at present and ninny of them
will be fresh inside of two months,
My imsture is pretty dry, but have
fed hay once a day, some green feed
and one bushel per cow each day of
last year's ensilage. Silos arc 24 feet
high and 11 to 14 foet through. En
silage is ns good now (August) as at
any time, and cows eat it well. Have
used ensilage ten years.
Will turn off 34 bogs in another
month. Tbey are now running on
rcas. Have hauled off several linn
ilrejl cords of wood each year.
Cows average over $200 a month
from cream.
Sold $133S worth of hogs in 1902.
Placo pays $4000 a year.
Also sell beef cattle.
Mr. Barber has since sold bis bogs
ut Salem for t.l.SO per hundred, alive.
o
Facts About Alfalfa.
(By Fred Achilles, F. K. M. No. 8,
Salem, Marion County.)
There is no doubt in my mind that
alfalfa can be grown ns a profitable
and successful crop in Western Ore
gon, and even on the tide lands. I
have alfalfa four feet high at pres
ent that was sowii eight years ago and
baa never died out. In nil I have be
tween 2i5 and 30 acres in alfalfa. 1
turn off 100 bogs each year, fattening
them on green lilfalfa aud dry meal,
aud the butchers to whom I sell my
pork all say it has flavor that they
cannot find in other pork. My first
experience wns with California seed,
but 1 have since used imported seed
and find it better. The California
seed costs 17"j cents a pound, while
the imported costs 20 cents. Land
sown last year in Juno wns cut for
hay May 30, and produced three tons
to the acre. Since then 1 have let the
t-touk eut it dawn three times. Cows
turned on green alfalfa give five to
six quarts more milk per day. Dairy
men nt Portland say tbey prefer alfal
fa buy to any other for dry feed, and
I have no troulile to sell nt cood
prices. Some of my best alfalfa stands
ou land that is overflowed in winter
six to eight feet. It does not wy to
be stingy with seed in sowing alfalfa.
1 put 20 pounds on the acre. On old
laud I put $5 manure to the acre. Plow
land twice, once 15 inches deep with
four "horses, drug it well five or six
times before sowing. To make a jer
tet erop the alfalfa field should be
separately fenced or have movable
fonces to feed down with hags or cows
whan reudy. After sown, before it
gets into bloom it should be cut. The
first year of growth it must be eut at
often as it gets ready to bloom. If
you let It go to seed the first year,
you spoil the stand and check all fu
ture, growth. As often as you mow it
down the first your, you seud the roots
dcoper and tause it to stool out. The
lopts will finally go to water or moist
earth, and then you have the founda
tion for a fine stand and can feed er
rut ns often as it comes up after the
Mt year. Tbo erep is at least five
tons to the acre. The seuwiu of HHM
has beoix very dry, bat my alfalfa
ficWri green. 1 have several patch
e qn new ettom land that has just
lcji clearest or trees uhi it tww very
vul there. The main thing is the
tiNt year. t)o not lot it get into tUtvn
Ai.il keep stock etf. Aftar yott gut
yvur stand you oan feed it dawn to the
ground, aud it will eowe up thicker
thau ever.
o
Onion a ravins la Orejon.
(Hv- J. K. Dimlak, Hubbard, Marian
. , County, Oregon.)
There I eonslderable land in West
em Oregon known a a lieat land or
beaver-dam Und that is especially
adapted to producing oaias. Any
kind of sandy loam or rich bottom
land, will raise fine onions, but not
STATEMENTS OP FACTS THAT WILL
BEAR CLOSEST INVESTIGATION
as large a crop as the above-described
soil. The beaver-dam land is mostly
foiii.il in creek nud river bottoms. It
is lihtlc land, consisting of decomposed
vegetable matter. This kind of land
grov.s the largest crops of white, yel
low and brown onions, or onion setts.
It should be thoroughly cleansed of
roots and plowed in the fall. In tho
.'pring, it must be gone over with the
disk harrow, and finally dragged. For
largo onions, we sow the seed in drills
about one foot apart. Sets are sown
in matted rows, eight to ten inches
wide. The rows are eight inches apart.
C'ron is enltiv.ntoil with mu.liin. ..lti-
4 -- ........ ...... iiiuviiiui, bUHl'
Mitor and hand hoeing between the
ruws or mais. veeus in the rows or
mats must be removed hv hnn.i niv
growing lti-ge onions we thin the rows
to one or two onions for each three
illChfS iu tho row. Harvest when rind
by rutting under the onions to loosen
mem iriuii me ground. Then rake
thrte or tour rows together and let
them i'r thoroughly. Hub off tho
ops, sack them in field and store them
in the wnrohouHe for marketing. I am
grow.ng lour acres this vear. Had
six u(,is in 10U2. We count on get
ting 300 pounds of sets onions from
one tound of seed, or 20.onn nmm.i.
sots to tl-e acre. On tho hest lnn.l
IwO to 700 sacks of large onions to
tho Here Me countoil nn uv..ro ..,..
It Uke tour to four and a half pounds
I rifu iu ino acre, we get from
$1.75 to 2.25 n Klll-V from !,!.,!
point. That is the prevailing price iu
"""". e someumos sell in the
hell iu the fall nt $1 a sack. Like
the hop business, the onion business
has its 111' nnd iliu-tw U'ha- ...:
go alove 2 a suck production is rap
'idly imifiir-ed ami prices go down. I
hum mt im-st mnrKet in Southern Cali
fornia Arizona and I'tah. Everv
grower has to build up his trade by
producing a superior article iu or,ier
to tearh the maximum profit. By rais
ing sed for that particular purpose, J
am able to grow a late-keeping onion.
Ordinarily they begin to sprout during
he nuiub of February, but 1 am able
to grow them so tnat they will not
spiout untd the middle of March. The
wav to grow onions successfully is to
have the right kind of land and then
kee, t perfectly clean and free of
wee ,s. 1 keep my onion laad as clean
pmler floor, and allow no weed"
to grow at any time in the vear I
scatter Miuw along the edge" of "my
fiell ami barn ever) thing right in to
he fences to keep out the well"1 A
boy needed one and three-fifth miles
along the rws in one dav. T
quantities of onion setts a.! seed are
grown in the vicinity of Salem V.li
rZ": " -I Aurom aVoSr
plam U Marion county. Hubbard j
the home of the oamn Ut fi? I
would W be afraid to say bow
mnch .an be made froai an acre r?ut
out ta aaions. and haadled ,' ,v
MgtiU lor fear our reader . 'i
doabt the eorreane T
Ae coWer oaion. very profiui
crop and have made good oW '
ing them for maav years. l!i ,
4 U. 17 $500 ,S fir The "lifi
Jan the first year', erop, ' wmm
THE TLAX INDUSTRY.
On. of the Great Coming metric
01 xnu Villty.
Salem Is dattiaad t v ...
- -v me aanter
M a great flax fib i-i. ..
, . ""'J 1 s there
r T"" " t oat, and
Adjoining ,k. utv Mr n,,
'W- ire.c8rc,,nfl
and hns a large scutching plant, reafy
to handle this year's production. Tti
establishment of a large linen mill u
well under way at Salem, in the
large brick mill and water power on
the bank of the river. Porsons inter
ested iu the possibilities of flax cul
ture should write to Mr. Bosse for in
formation. The Gervais, Marion
county, Stnr of September 23, has
this:
The proposed flax mill at Gervais to
he put in by Eugene Bosse and his
associates will be a go, as already all
but $50 of the desired $400 is prom
ised. It was almost a failure owing
to tho opposition, or diffidence of a
number of our citizens. It means;
considerable to this community and
the donation to tho flax people of ten
acres of land is all it will cost our
people. This is nothing! The land
will be transferred to tho flnx mill
people after three years time whn
tho donators are satisfied that the
flax mill people mean business and
carry out certain promises and erect
stipulated buildings, etc.
WORD'S
LARGEST
YIELD
Record Breaking Production
of an Oregon Hop
Field
Notwithstanding tbo unfavorable
conditions which prevailed during tbo
present season. Geo. A. TWris sue
eouded in harvesting over 2100 pounds
or uops to tho aoro on bis ranches,
sys the Register. In 1003 bis yield
was ovor 3S00 pounds to the aero, in
iiux it was over 2-150 pounds to tho
acre, and in 1001 it waa ovor 2250
pounds to the ncre.
This makes a crand totnl of over
0000 pounds, n general average of
ovor 2400 pounds to tho ncre for the
four consecutive years, ono of which
us tuo dryost Oregon has ever exper
ionced. Mr. Dorris has thus demon
strntod again thnt under intelligent
management Willamette valley soil
m not be snrpassod in fertility in
me world.
Tho state of Oreoon will shnro with
Mr. Dorris the laudable pride bo takes
u ins phenomeual success as n bop
grower, and will not begrudge him
me larger financial returns he nas
rued by his industry and intelli-
geneo.
"We ehallqngej the world to mako a
better shewing in the past four years.
Until sueh showing is mado Oregon
will claim to have tho best hop yard
in the world.
If better sbowliig is made it will
I made in tho tate of Oregon.
igii ii I ffliiiiitasWqWilmWM"fc.
. jay wpnwwjiiiW'Ajai.