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FOUR
DAILY CAPITAL JOURNAL, SALEM, OREGON, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 24, 1904
mMJY HISTORY OF
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THE OREGON APPLE
listed on Interesting bulletin entitled
"Tho AppFo In Oregon.1' We clip tho
following extracts:
Early History.
Tho history and development of
apple culture In. Oregon Is unique.
Tho Btoiy of tho peculiar, almost
romantic conditions undor Which
this fruit was Introduced Into tho
stato by tho pioneers; tho eagerness
with which tho first settlers planted
applo trees, and I ho fabulous prices
for which tho first fruit sold sounds
today more- llko a talo of the days of
chivalry, than a sketch of time In
Oreiron fifty years ago. Though tho
story has been told ovor and over, It
will bo well worth reciting again In
connection with this brief study of
"tho' apple In Oregon."
In Iowa In tho spring of 1847 Hen
derson Luelllng planted a few score
of yearling grafted applo trees In
bozos along with other small trees of
iiium, cherry, pear, peach, nnd cut
tings of grapes nnd bush fruits. In
tho early summer thoso boxes were
lifted, placed In a wagon, and In due
time six months reached Oregon.
Throughout tho long and hazardous
Journey, mado with ox team, Mr,
Luelllng guarded with an ever In
creasing attachment these few hun
drei struggling plants, destined to be
tho'basls'of a great fruit Industry In
tho new west.
Tho first orchard of grafted fruit In
Oregen: (waa planted that fait on a
p'leco of freshly cleared lam near
Mllwauklo. Thus began tho orchard
Industry In Oregon. Theso trees and
plants, brought across the plains at
jja measureless cost, In trails and
' hardships, to tho owner flourished
In their now homo; and In tho years
ffollowlng returned "a dollar a drop
ffor tho sweat I lost In getting the
necessary water to keep them allvo
.whllo wo crossed tho desert; and
Jhelr luscious fruit repaid mo many
Tunics over for tho Jeers, rMlculo nnd
contentions of my comrado3,"
Oregon Wlnesap,
I
Jennettlng, Seek-no-Fur-
k I i t
terof. B. R. Lake, of the
Agricultural College has Just pub- thor, Tulpahocken, American Pippin,
. . .. ,,-. t...ifi.. Mniml ' ha.1 rrhnnlr Tmutin miruln lamnif
Red Cheek Pippin, Rhode
at
H It is said that in a few of tho
fmoBt difllcult part of tho trail some
wt tho party insisted upon tnrowlng
jfcway tho heavy boxes of treoa In or
F&or to lighten tho load. At such
jtlmoa only tho evident disposition to
"fight, on tho part of Mr. Luelllng,
isaved them.
Vr. William Meek, a follow travel-1
lor with Mr. Luelllng, brought a suck
of applo seed from tho Bnmo region,
and tho following spring (1848) the
two formed a partnership and estab
lished tho first nursery In Oregon,
alongside tho first orchard of grafted
fruit,
"It! Is related that Iho first big
red apple produced by Oregon soil
was born upon a one yoar old root
graft In this early nursery In the
fall of 1848, (?) and so great was tho
famo of It. and uch tho curiosity of
tho eoile. that mon, women and
children came from miles around to
see it, and mado a hard beaten track
through tho nursery to this Joyous
reminder of the old homestead so far
away.
"Tho first orchards of notablo alio
were planted In tho Waldo Hills, on
KrVneh pralrlo and near Salem, Tho
following variotteB wero tho common
ones of thoso early days: Rod June,
Hummer Sweet. Rod Astraohnn.
Gravoniiteln, Talmnn Sweet, Bluo
Ptannaln; Pearmaln. Gloria
MundJ, Oonot Baldwin, Rambo,
Greening, Virginia Greening, Little
Romnnlte, Spltzenborg, Swaar, Wax
en, and a spurious yellow Newton
Plppen, slnco called Green Newtown
Plppon and generally considered
worthless. Some few other varieties
wero probably introduced at the
samo time but of those there Is no
certain record.
"In 1850 Mr. Luelllng returned to
.ho cast and selected at the nursery
of A. J. Downing, among other trees
somo Yollow Newtown Plppljs,
which were dug under the personal
supervision of Mr. Downing. These
treos woro brought across the Isth
mus. On fruiting tnose proved to no
nothing more than tho so-called
Green Newtown Pippin of tho first
Introduction, and tho real Yellow
Newtown Pippin as we have It now
wns not Introduced until some years
later.
"Tho first box of apples offered for
salo In Portland by Mr. Luelllng was
eagerly purchased at ono dollar
apiece, netting him seventy-five dol
lars. Following this prices ranged
front ono dollar per pound to twenty
five dollars per box and retailed at
as high as ono and ono hnlf dollars
per pound, and In ono Instance two
dollars and fifty cents was paid for
one apple.
"In 1853 tho surplus, a few boxes
socuro'y bound with strap Iron wero
shipped to San Francisco and sold
for two dollars per pound.
"In 1854 tho surplus amounted to
five hundred bushels and was sold at
a 'not price of one and one half dollnra
to two dollani per pound.
In 1855 six thouaanJ bushels were
shipped returning a net prlco of
twenty dollars to thirty dollars per
bushel
"In 185C shipments amounted to
twenty thousand boxes. This year
ono box of Esopu8 Spltzenberg sold
In Portland, for ono hundred and two
dollars.
"From this tlmo until 1809 tho
shipment during tho fall and winter
months varied from six to twolvo
thousand lxxes per month. From
1870 shipments to California declined
as tho. young orchards of that stato
wore coming Into bearing at such a
rato a to not only supply their own
demand but to furnish somo for ex
portation. In consoiiuenco of this
loss of market, prices fell so low
that thousnnds of bushols annually
rotted beneath tho treos, other thous
ands of bushels wero consumed by
stock. Tho enormous prlcos obtained
during tho flftlos resulted In the
planting of a great aereago of or
chards. With tho loss of tho Califor
nia mnrkot camo a total collapse in
tho Industry, slnco thoro was no ado
quato means of transporting tho
great yield of fruit from thoso young
orchards to suitable markets." Dr.
J. tt. Cardwell, In Flrat Oregon re
port. Spoaklng of the abundance of fruit
nt that tlmo H. I Smith says:
"At a farm near Snlom 1 purchased
sovernl hundred boxes ot the largest
Winosaps I had .over seen. I could
have tKMglit almost unlimited quanti
ties of this flno fruit at from twelve
and ono half to flfteon centt per
bushel. In an orchard near Jefferson
neath tho treesi" E. L. Smith,
Farmers' Congress, Salem, 902.
The following note written in reply
to a quostfon asked Mr. Mlnto In Feb
ruary, 1903. throws an Interesting
ray of light upon the early orchards
of Oregen:
Salem, Oregon, February 14, 1902.
"I should Judge from my knowl
edge of the French Canadian settlers,
that Joseph Gervals, who settled at
Cheraayway, was tho first planter of
apple trees In the Willamette valley.
He was tho natural leader of his
class, and In 1845 his orchard of ap
plo trees looked to be twelve or fif
teen year3 old at least. The Montleth
brothers, Walter and Thomas, got
water sprouts from Gervals' orchard
which wero the first planted at Al
bany, Linn county. Mr. Gervals used
to seem proud to bring apples to
Salem for salo at $3 per bushel in
1849. I never saw nor-lienrd of an
other French Canadian who had ap
ple trees as old as his appeared nor
that ever had apples to sell. Gcrvlas
came to Oregon wih Mr. Hunt, As
tor's partner, in 1811.
-juhjn AUINTU.
WORLD'S
FAIR
lips
COINS
Washington, Aug. 23. The treasury
department today addressed a letter
to the officials of the Lewis nnd Clark
exhibition, notifying them that the
Philadelphia mint will be ready to de
liver 25,000 Lewis and Clark souvenir
gold dollars early in September, and
requesting them to pay Into the treas
ury the par value of thoso coins, ac
cording to the terms of the Lewis and
Clark exposition law. As soon as pos
sible after this money Is paid over to
tho government, the Philadelphia mint
will be Instructed to ship souvenir
dollars to Portland. Already the mint
has been authorized to proceed with
the coinage of these gold dollars, us
ing what Oregon gold Is on hand, nnd
making up the deficiency from stock.
While the mint officials have no nu-
In reply to a request for an Item thorlty in fixing the price at which the
IT- f T" PaIe cneeks white lir
Pnh I fllTl Iansuid step tel1 the
JTUIC. & '"'L 0f thin blood, impure
Doctors call it "anemia." They recommend Ayer's
... rri I . ...I,., f diirnc sn.
connri n. neVMIUWviiyii'' rillm
ouviu'""' miMmmiMn
aaaBnaanaiBiu'
Anniversary of Burning of Washing
ton. Washington.). C, Aug. 21.-Today
marked tho ninetieth anniversary of
tho socking and burning of the na
tional capital by the British army
under Genernl Row nnd Sir George
Cockbmn. if was on August 21,
isii, that the British troops, after
Low Rates to California
Tho triennial conclavo
Templar will bo hold at San 1
co, September 5 to 9, andi tlJ
oroign uranu iotiigie I. O. 0
bo hold flt llio samo point Sepi
jy to u. rw liilcHO occaslcul
uu..w.w. ..... wi,,,,!!,,- nifl
m enoct in extremely low
from the "old orchard" for this bulle
tin the following was received from
J. H. Lambert, a pioneer In Oregon
ercharding:
"Portland, January 22, 1902.
"The first trees wero planted in the
fall of 1847 and tho varieties planted
ror tne next rew years wero many;
but. as tho apple became an Import
ant Item of commerce, the leading
varieties for many years wero the
Yellow Newtown, WJnesap and Bald
wlm Tho Newtown was tho highest
priced, but tho Wlnesap was the
most profitable being a most vigorous
tree and a prolific bearer, and at that
time, of good size, good quality and
a fine, 'showy, red apple. Tho Baldwin
was an early wlntec applo but tho
other two wero good keepers' and
would ship well as lato as May. I
think there never has been any finer
or more perfect apples raised than
were grown In tho Willamette valley!
from 1854 until early In tho seventies
at which tlmo he diseases' and pests
began to make their appearance and
got In their destructive work. Young
blood and now appliances may bring
back tho day of "Oregon's big red ap
ples.' "
Neglect of the crop and trees nat
urally followed this period of do
pressed prices. Soon tho lichens be
gan to glvo the trees tho appearance
of old age; lack of pruning was fol
lowed by close matted and bushy tops;
fences decayed, and stock took free
uso of tho deserted orchard; In tlmo,
weeds, butsli and trees of tho nativo
species sprang up and contended for
tho possession of tho soil and now
ono only too often sees seared, de
fenseless trees valiantly trying to
maintain their broken files against
tho ontii&h of tho aggressive fir.
o
Lewis and Clark souvenir dollars shall
bo sold, they deem $2 a reasonable
and proper figure. They have ob
served that the St. Louis souvenir
dollars, which are being sold at $3
apiece, are already nearly all sold
by selling the Lewis and Clark dol
lars at a premium of SI, tho mint of
ficials believe Portland people will
dispose of more coins than If they
hold them at a higher figure, and will
probably be able to realize fully $250,
000 by this means, which is contem
plated by law. However, If the expo
sition authorities prefer to fix somo
other price, the treasury officials In
terpose no objections.
landing at Bladonsburg. marched ono and one-third faro for ifo
trip, not to exceed $25.00, M
from l'ortiiantK . Thos who an J
nlng a trip to California filiooijl
note of these ratoa. gjj '
o -
Rlngling Brothers great eaarJ
villons cover more than 15 .J
ground and constltuto n verlto!
of tents. Tho mammoth stage fal
spectacular production of "Jen
nnd tho Crusades," which Is em
111 mo inpiiouruiiio ampnitaei'jj
the largest ever constructed uj
absolutely Imporvious to rain
unonnosed into tho city of Washing
ton. All night long and tho fallowing
day the work of destruction wns car
ried on, tho torch boing applied to
tho unfininhed cnpllol, tho library of
congress, the White Houae, tho war
and treasury buildings, tho nrsennl
and barracks nnd numorous other
public nnd privato buildings. It was
on this occasion that tho original
copy of tho Declaration of Independ
ence was saved from destruction by
"Dolly" Mndlson, wife of the President.
DISCRIMINATING LADIES.
Enjoy Vmlne Ilerplclde on Account oC
Ita Dlatlncdveneaa.
The ladles who have used Newbro's
Ilerplclde speak of It In the highest
terms, for Its quick effect in cleanalne
the scalp of dandruff and also for Its ex
cellence as a general halr-dresslnir It
makes tho scalp feel fresh nnd It allays
that itching' which dandruff will cause.
Nowbro's Ilerplclde effectively cures
dandruff, as it destroys the germ that
causes It. The same germ causes hair to
fall out, and later baldness; in killing It,
Ilerplclde stops falling hair and prevents
baldness. It Is also an ideal hair dress
ing, for It lends an aristocratic charm to
tho hair that Is quite distinctive. Sold
by leading druggists. Send 10c. in stamps
for sample to The Herplcldo Co. De
troit. Mich.
Dnnlel J. Fry. Snoclal Agent
Firemen's Tourney at Fair.
St. Louis, Mo., Aug. 21. Tho in
ternational firemen's tournament,
for which preparations have boon
making for months past, opened to
day. Tho tournament will continue
for four days. There will bo several
business sessions at which the fire
chiefs, engineers, commissioners 'and
others Interested will havo nn oppor
tunity for exchanging views on tho
best methods of fire fighting, Popu
lar Interest in the gathering, how
ever, centers In the prize competi
tions, which Include kook and ladder
races, hose coupling and other con
tests. In these various events teams
representing tho flro departments of
many of tho chief cities of tho United
States and Canada will lake pait.
Football at Minnesota.
Minneapolis, Minn., Aug. 24.
About thirty players who aspire to
positions on tho University of Minne
sota football team for tho coming
soasou assembled today at Waconla
In response to tho call for prelimin
ary practice. Among tho number are
sovornl old stars, including Irsfleld,
O'Brlon, Harris and Stratliorn.
Tho preliminary work will last
Beveral weoks and will Includo road
running, hill climbing and kindred
exorcises In which tho candidates
will havo an opportunity to show
their mottle without overtaxing
1
IllOlr Strencth It In nvnnMn.l thnt
this fruit was still cheaper for there by tho tlmo tho season begins Dr.
I remember Boeing great golden Bell-1 Williams will havo tho largest squad
flowers falling to tho ground to tho In the hl&torv of tho t,nivriK. tm
evident satisfaction of tho pigs be-'which to select a team
694
l!
3M
3
Cigars
Sold Every Minute
41,640 every hour, 1,000,000 every day. The largest
selling brand of cigars in the world. You owe it to your
self to find out why so many people smoke the Cremo
5 cents invested in a Cremo will explain it. Sold in every
store, in every town, in every State.
Th and is th Smoker's Protection.
Knights Templar En Route.
Pittsburg. Pa Aug. 24. Tho Penn
sylvania movement to the triennial
conclave of tho Knights Templar of
the ,Unlted States begins this even
ing, when a speclnl train leaves this
city bearing tho members of the
Pittsburg Commandery No. 1. and
their friends. Tho train will bo male
up of six of tho most modern Pull
man sleopers, In, addition to a bag
gage car and a commissary car.
There will be about 300 poisons in
tho party.
Tho trip to San Francisco Is to be
mado by way of St. Paul, and in
cludes stops at Fargo, Helena and
othor points In addition to a visit of
sovernl days in tho Yeliowstono Na
tionnl park. Leaving Montnna the
party will proceed to Seattle, Ta
coma, Portland, nnd over tho Shasta
routo to Montorey, Santa Cruz nnd
othor points, arriving in San Fran
Cisco on September 3d. The return
will bo through Southern California,
tho party visiting the Grand Canon
and tho petrified forests of Arizona
en route.
Sunday School Workers.
uvuuorsuu, ft,y., Aug- 24. Tho
thirty-ninth annual convention nt
tho Kentucky Sunday School associa
tion opened in this city today. It
will bo in session threo day& More
man ouo uolegatos nnd visitors n
lt flltflnilnilnn .a.wI..
... ...vlc, iwiiii- ovory county
m urn Hiaio being represented. Del
etratea imnrw tiw.i- .i. , . .
" " nui were tauen
10 mo convention headquarters,
whore thoy were assigned to privato
aminos wno are entertaining them
Prominent among tho participants
are Marlon Lawrence. International
bri secretary; L. P. Loavoll. of
Jackson. Miss.. Sunday school secre-
iarj or mo Baptist church; M. A.
..t. ol oyracuse. N. Y.. founJer
of tho Baraca Union of Amorlca and
the Rev. George O. Bachman. former
Kuiiurnt secretary of Tennossoe.
o .
Austrian Merchants Cominci
v- V.l. - . - "'
.. .WR. ftu,.. sj.BigMj. Au8.
Irian merchants, representing the
rtubinan cnamber of comnioro u-ni
arrive on tho steamship Deutschland
. . ,, a lour or the pr(n
v.,, vim oi me united States, and
also to visit the St. LouU exposition
The Austrlans of New York have
,..,.v B.i preparations for
coming or their fdllow-coun-trymon.
and hara arranged a ham,..
in ttwlr honer at the Waldorf Astoria
Satunlay nljot .
OASTORIA.
Besritho Tiia Kind Yon Haw Always Bought
Signature Sjf , T7"
VZT7Y. J-cUui
of
limbs?
pay high rates of Insurance!
unexposed dwellings? The old
companies chargo you $.1 fort
of insurance, -whllo for 75
yearly you can got the
amount by becoming a raemh
the
Oregon Fire Reiki
Association
OF M'MINNVILLE, OREGOK ;
a homo companiy working forteil
Insurance on a homo plan. Idw
toll you about It.
H. A. JOHNSON, Murphy, BV..
H. A. JOHNSON,
Murphy Block, Salem. HeadtSci
McMInnvllle, Oregon.
Mt4tMee08oe88Qa9aM m&aMMft tagmtw
A PEEP INTO OUR
ICE HOUSE
will show you why It li that
our meats are nhuns lttsh
and appetizing in the hottest
weather, when meats itouW
spoil if not properly cared lot,
It would also show some of tks
fattest sides of beef, tend
nnd flno qunrters of Iamb
mutton. Our meats are W
giado and low priced
I .Lnwnr i 'f
W"" TS '
ad
E. C. Cfoss.
cOIC1
State Street Market
oM8aoo3B3eeseeaw aiaaaaaaaMiH
Phene: Main 2953.
WORK
DELIVERED
WHEN
PROMISED
193 Commercial St,
Oiter The Journal,
BTTimT.il i I I
.-" "wT"wiwttttm a ta i a
GOOD PRINTING AND SK?i
riK TREATMENTS!
pi G,,01 Printer out of tho poor suicide clwj
1 llie Uood Hon Grower knnwd n onn.1 thins, anda.
ordering tho SAFETY HOP TICKET InpreMI
once to tho cheap ono supplied by tho other fellml
viUt til VOIir nrilni-d nnrl.. H. t l,ln orinrt. H
PROOFS SUBMITTED
ON ALL WORK.
TilE N. D. ELLIOTT PRINTERY
193 Commercial St., Snlciu,i
THE PICK OF THE FORE8T
Has been taken to suppjy the atodtt
lumber In our yards. Our t '
complete with all klndB of lanl
Just received a car load of Na '
shingles, also a car of Jlne ib&H
Wo are able to fill any and all
of bills. Come and let ub ebo
our stock.
Yard and office near S. P. passenl"!
depot. 'Phone Mala 651.
iWHHHo
aW.a)8(
QOODALE LUMBER CO.
umimBKmBO
wi,nu.f ' yr B I It I B I 1 Wl
E. 7cKPRfla Fam,IY Liqao Store
PuH Una of liquors mm v'omnierc,al Street
I McBrier B IT W,nes' Cedarbrook whlsky-formerly t
t livers in .w ... .. " ror family use. All onim-. niicd and iM
y-Hymits .Phono MaIn 1151
"'inii m. 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 h
I onrTS?t?"tf"wi
- - w ,r " ? SCHOOL MONMOUTH
Begins
RAntnmt a . .-.I
yar, affordlntr M..ni ' u,uir 1904. Four terms la each 6CD
1 1 tember. NovenW p "''l,onut"Ue for beginning a course In SP
(i "' ruary and April.
! ! I. the Kowi1SSrLESIl7?NIN0 FOR TEACHEHS .
J wnjie. Wri for ' ' a. " asuranco of good positions at 60a
1 wnlag rottrwt -T- wMaiogue containing full Information co
1 1 u conditio, ta JT.: ' '"'br In actual teaching afforded under
J ; aancd eoarw of CUDlry Schools and '" deta,Is ,
; ; AdJres Sr.,ar j yltw,lh tho additional advantages attache
I LER. MonmwMh kl'' V BuTLER, or President. E. D. R&
HltliHt
iwiHa4
' 3(HB(Daw.SWv'- T
mSK
wnginnnsiaiaH
VWHIMIIM' -r