'T-t,'"""'"
EVENING CAPITAL JOURNAL.
"THE lEOPLE'SJPAPEB."
SALEM, OHEGON, TUESDAY, APRIL 21 1891.
."TO-DAY'S NEWS TO-DAY."
NO. 352
THE GENUINE
Oxford toil's Bibles anil Banter's Ciiprftlwivc Teachers
in Ail Sizes and Styles, at Prices Within the Reach of Every Bible Student
AT-
T. McF. RATION'S STATE STREET BOOK STORE
hfyou want an
"Oxford" or a 'Bagster" Bible that will last as long as you live and be a comfort to vou everv time
you use it. GET THE GENUINE. y
Bibles, English and German, Price $3.50 to $5.00.
REMEMBER THE PLACE 98 STATE STREET.
Family
(The Kloors are Creakin
""
7VTM
-Under the Great Load of-
ywiimi q ym 1111.11 -y
fc
-At the Store of-
A. B. BUREN & SON
Has
We sell 1 lb butter
Been in Your Midst, It Was None Of Your Friends this Call
BUT HIGH FRIOESS
Have died the ignominious death they deserve, we killed them. Look here if we did not.
molds for 25c 21b molds tor 3Uc mtter .Ladle 10c 24U looth picks lor 5c (Joou black, ink
only 5c per bottle Wire hair brushes 10c 12 good lead poncils for 5c.
C091G AND SEE OUK TRICES OK TINWARE !
Extra large dishpans only 35 cents. Small dishpans for 25 cents. All other kinds of tinware.
- AN J) IT WILL VAYYO U '.
i loses our shoes, from 50c to the best hand made, at astonishingly low prices. Umbrellas Trom 60c to $1.25. Safety
pins 2c a
doz.
Clocks, iruaranteed for twelve months, only 90c. Coffee mills 45c.
' Q '.-
Hair combs 10 and 15c. Come in and see us.a
5 c.
GRISSMA.M &Z, 033lLJj5IXrL
Lamp burners only
261 Commercial Street.
GO TO
HENRY SCHOMAKER
If you want a Plow, Harrow, Cultivator or any
Agricultural Implement,
machine.
from a Hoe Handle to a Threshing-
AGENCY OF STAVER L WALKER.
The Oregon Land Co.
-with Itai
me
ce a
tan,
Ml WL
(In the State Insurance Building)
and branch-offices in Portland, Astoria and Albany,
Has for sale a large list of Grain, Stock aud'Frult Farms; also
City and Suburban Property,
k Oregon Land Co. was especially organized for tho purpose of buying
M8ub-dlvidinirlanretraota of land, and has during the past two lyears
"W and subdivided over 3,200 acres into
to Twenty Acre Parcels
file
!! ... . ....... i I- ,a fnnt thnt mil, nf 280 tracts
jjj-aa 01 una uuaertaKing is luimmu . .- ., 7 .., :. n
J7f4tai,a n,i.f oo u,, i.-.. RnlH. We claim that ten acres: 01
.-WW ItltHAGU 4uU 1IMIU W --.
in Fruit,
tl
ill Yield a Larger Income
lOOtcrr-a or ,!. i . xn00iaamn! Vnllev. Woalso make valuable
SfjweiueHU , tlie wny of roado clearing the land, fences, etc. we
a . Zaa hih 0m 11 M Villi OTUUAVl
same jjuee j w
. vUtiiiiIh,tn.,H frf tl.u
hrto
Iy tut u lurge tarm.
Send
MUSIC
for Pamphlet and Price List.
THE grocer;
Commercial Street.
The Best for the Money all the Time.
J AS. AlTKEN ,
GROCERIES AND PRODUCE.
-THE BEST CANNED GOODS-
Choicest Fruits and Vegetables in Season
Garden Seeds, Field Seeds and Flower Seeds,
Fresh and true to name.
The Orange Store,
126 State St., Salem, Or.
TAKE A LOOK AT
BROWN'S $3.00 SHOES.
Of all kinds Pianos, Organs, Violins,
n.,:o, T).n;rQ nn1 Afniirlolii s. (whole-
ale and retail) over 800 of the latest and
If Y moat popular SHUUT M u oiu
aital ; vrUMUP-te the purchase ot a rati
trrl,D?fru"lont wnte to us for an iUus
' "' WSTN Co., 310 Com'KSt., Salem, Or,
IUS1U.
FREE.
The best In the market. Eery pair warranted.
WM. BROWN & CO.
231 Commercial Street.
Till! CAPITAL JODHHL
H0FER BROTHERS,
- Editors.
PUBLISHED DAILY. EXCEPT 8 UN DAY,
BY TUB
Canital Journal Publishing Company.
(Incorporated.)
Olnce, Commercial Street, In P. O. Building
Entered at the postofllce at Bnlem, Or., m
tecone-tJnu irnlltr.
BOW MUCH CIIICU1.ATINO MEDIUM
TKU CAPITA TUB UNITED
STATES II AS.
(Prepared lor tho Cafitai. Journal.)
In a former issue of the Journal
wo showed from tho ofilcial records
that there is now in the- United
Slates only about $977,000,000 which
can properly bo said to bo "in circu
lation," ns the people understand the
meauiug of this phrase. How much
of this niuo hundred and seventy
seven millions' is held by other
banks (not national) as reserve, it is
perhaps impossible to tell, as they
are under no legal obligation to
report to the United Stutes comp-
ti oiler. But by reference to the
report of tho secretary of the treas
ury for 1888, page 4401, we find that
such batiks, as voluntarily reported,
held over $101,000,000. Perhaps
those not reporting held as much
more, or at least sufficient to aggre
gate $300,000,000. It is probably
more now. But still we reckon all
this "in circulation," and we found
that it all was but $15.20 per capita.
It now remains to show from ofil
cial figures the actual circulation at
other times. On page 80 of the
report of the secretary of the treas
ury 1880, tablo H, we find, in dlffer
eut columns the amount and loca
tion of tho several different kinds
of money. l3t, in circulation; 2d,
In national banks; 3d, in circula
tion, in other banks and in individ
ual bauds; 4th, total. This tablo
covers the period fiom 1800 to 1880
Inclusive. By adding together the
amounts of tho dlflerent kinds of
money as given in the third column
as in circulation, in other banks and
in individual bands, and then do
ducting two and a half millions per
annum as a probable destiuctlon of
paper money since 1803, wo will
have as near as practicable the actual
circulation for each year. But here
uru stato bank notes, one and two
year notes, compound interest notes,
and fractional currency, theamouut,
but not the location, of which is
given. Then to bo perfectly fair let
of six Inches. In the natnral way
the plant grew from a ruuner thrown
out and next year it will becomo
mature, blossom, yield its fruit and
throw out new runners, with new
plants, etc. Oue year it produces tho
youug; next year thtj young pro
duces a crop of fruit. Undoubtedly
for its welghtnnd size thestrnwberry
plant in its modern perfection In
this short season will turn out nioro
weight of luscious, rich, palatable,
nutritious fruit than any other crea
tion of tho vegetable kingdom.
Whatever plant-food this richest of
all fruit-plants takes from the soil
must bo taken from this area of a
few Inches on each side, reached by
thoso fine hair-like roots that com
pletely till tho ground. What I am
getting at Is the necessity of recog
nizing that high culture of tho soil
is indispenslblo to success with the
strawberry. Uuless that small area
it has to draw from is not a rich
soil, mado light and porous by culti
vation, best results cannot bo looked
for. Nor can a plant stand in one
spot for three or four years In sue-,
ceosion and fine fruit be secured.
I have gone Into this detail to
overcome tho custom so prevalent
in this part of Oregon of continuous
cropping from tho same plant. Iu
the experience of eastern nnd south
ern market groweis. one full crop is
all that is obtained with profit.
Plants nre set iu spring; a full crop
is taken tho following spring and
the vines plowed under. In hill
culture in Oregon, where plants are
tet in fall, a fractional crop is secured
the next year, a full crop tho year
following, aud a" partial crop the
third season. It must be evident
that for sharp competition in mar
ket, only choieo berries from- the
plaut at its full maturity can be
prolitable. To secure this end
through woiblng of the soil is the
great secrot.
WHAT SOIL IS BEST?
I quoto from T. B. Terry: "You
want good land; just tho richest and
best you have near tho houso. It
will be a little better if it slopes to
tho east or north, rather than the
south or west. It will bo cooler, aud
that would just suit the berries. It
should bo land that Is pretty clean.
Ifohickwced and purslalu abound,
you will have nioro troublo iu keep
ing your berries clean. You must
uot set out strawberries ou sod
ground, for fear of tho white grubs,
unless you know there aro none
there. I set borries on clover sod,
ce between firm and hard, riant
your rows three to four feet apart,
as Is best suited to your cultivator.
Set the plants two feet In tho row If
you expect to boo ono way, or as far
apart each way If you expect .to do
all the work with u cultivator,
aud make your rows ns long as you
can to savo time lu cultivating.
COST OF ONE ACRE.
Tho following figures as to cost of
planting, cultivating and cropping
an aero aro mado up ns carefully as
possiblo from comparisons of actual
expense by growers in this vicinity.
Tho cost Is figured on a basis of farm
wages as ordinary farmiug is carried
on. Tho wages estimated are not
the highest paid, nor tho lowest, but
fair averages, aud may bo modified
in different localities. To prove
them anyono can take tho items of
cost and returns as given, aud flguro
up at rates prevailing iu any given
locality.
PREPARING AND PLANTING.
Plowing $ 2 00
Harrowing 3 times 1 CO
Manure, 10 loads "5 00
Plains, 7000 28 00
Planting 0 00
TELEGRAPHIC DISPATCHES.
issociatcd Press Report aid
Digests of all Important
News oi To-Day.
MISCELLANY.
us in addition to the two and a-half ln regu,ar rottttl0Ili thp mmo n8 wo
millions annually allowed for de
struction ot paper mouoy siuce 1803,
deduct ten millions nioro from this
as being either in tho treasury or in
the banks, or as destroyed. Then
we will have in actual circulation
for tho year 1804, $945,500,000; 1805
$800,000,000, and 1806, $082,000,000,
The population as estimated by the
secretary of the treasury, (report
188C, page 880) was for 1804, 34 mil
lions; for 1805, 34 7-10 millions; and
for 1800, 35 4-10 millions. This then
would bo nn actual circulation per
capita of $27.80 for 1804; $24.78 for
1805, and $10.20 for 1800. We before
showed that it is now but $15.20 per
capita. This is $12.04 less than in
1604, $9.52 less than in 1805, and $4
less than in 1800. But this is yet
hardly a fair statement of theactual
difference, for in 1804-5 about ten
millions of our population were iu
rebellion. This money did not cir
culate among them. Deducting ten
millions from tho total population
for these years, leaves us but 24
millions, 24 7-10 millions for these
years respectively. This then would
givo us a per capita in circulation of
$30.40 for 1604, and $34.80 for 1805.
This would bo $24.14 In 1804, and
$19.54 in 1805 more than now.
When the president, tho secretary
of the treasury or tho director of the
mint asserts that "there Is now
more money in use or in circulation
per capita than ever before iu the
history of the country," ho asserts
that which Is either:
1st, Contradicted by tho unim
peached official reports; or
2d Ho uses the phrases "In use,"
'in circulation," in u different sense
from what the industrial masses
understand them. In either case
they aro mischievously misleading
and deceptive.
Tho JouitNAL is awaro thet this
statement of tho u mount of the
actual circulation during the war
period will probably not satisfy
those who assert that wo then had
two billions of dollars in circulation,
Neither is It likely to satisfy the
advocates of the single gold stand
ard. But while not claiming infall
ibility for ourselves or exact mathe
matical accuracy for tho ofilcial
reiiorts, yet If these statements are
seriously eon trover ted, wo can bring
other, uud wo think, overwhelming,
ofllclul evidence to establish their
substantial uccuracy.
SlraivLerry Culture.
(From a uuner read beforo April
meeting Btate Horticultural Society
by IS. Holer, Sulem, Or.)
SOIL THBATMKNT.
ITuylng dUpatchod tio subject
that lies nt the threshold of succeu
In strawberry culture, we come to
the life of tho plant lu tho soil.
Take up a strawberry plant and
wliut do we uenl Three to live
haven and several hundred line
white hulr-llko roots. Thene routs
(on a one-year-old plant) completely
Total $42 60
CULTIVATING AND CMOPPINO.
Cultivating 0 times $ 0 00
Hoeing and cutting ruunors - 0 00
Winter donning 6 00
Picking crop 45 00
Boxes 20 00
Ono-thlrd cost putting iu 14 18
Average annual oxpenso $90 18
RECEIPTS.
8 crops, 4000 quarts each, 12,
000 qts 0 cts a qt., nver
ago price at Salem $709 20
Expense 3 years 288 60
do potatoes; but wo have no troublo
to speak of with grubs. If tlioro ure
any in the ground they will eat the
roots of your plants, and ruin your
patch. They aro as fond of straw
berry-roots as chickens and robbius
are of the berries themselves. Thus
wo have to look out for enemies on
all sides. You should chooso land
with no tree-roots in it. Theso
would tako up tho moisture that
strawberries particularly need. Ko
tnember that tree-roots extend along
way from tho body sometimes.
8trawberrles can bo grown success
fully ou almost any klud of soil,
from sand to heavy clay. I have
seen big crops on sand so light that
I much of it would blow away, if not
protected; but it took much'manure
to grow them. Very heavy clay
will grow largo flue berries, but ono
must choose varieties fitted to tho
soil. Some will do bestonnpartlou
larkind of soli and, some on another.
I should rather prefer what would
be called a good potato soil, a happy
medium, about half way between
sand and cluy. Moist soil is good,
but not wet soil. If H. Is wet it
should bo tllo-dralned. Just what
Is best Is a well-drained (uaturally
or with tiles) but still moist piece or
land. Again, It should bo upland,
not lowland, because lato spring
frosts will bo heavier on tho latter.''
HOW TO PKEPARB THE BOIL,
Laud that has boon used to root
crops for several seasons is most apt
to bo free from grubs. On this sub
ject of soil, Ferry In his work says:
plow the ground for strawberries
as soon in tho spring as it Is dry en
ough to crumble nicely from tho
plow. Spread on the surface tho
uslics from the house, if you burn
wood; then harrow thoroughly,mak
Ing tho land as line as you can.
Leust of all, go over It with tho rol
ler. Then you are ready for tho
plants, Tho sooner these ure sot out
ufter the ground Is dry enough to
work tho better, This Is the best
time, as our large growers all say, to
a man; out witn caro mey can no
set out almoift any time during tho
summer, oven as lato as after cany
potatoes have been dug. If you
must set them out as lute as that or
go wuuoui, wuy, uo it, uy an
means; hut givo them richer laud
and extra care. If you haven't a
roller (bnt every farmer who lion u
plow aud a harrow should have), a
clod-crunher will answer. Remem
ber It must ho very fine and firm, If
you want the plants to do their
best from tho start. If you have
any doubts aboil til being in tho best
shupe, harrow and roll It alternate
ly two or threo times inoro, when
the laud Is dry enough not to pack
hard. Of court.?, you understand
(hut you must be careful not to
worh hind that U at all heavv. for
any crop when It Is even a little too
wet. it whiiubku u Hard. What
we want 1 a line, mellow seed-bed,
$510 70
It Is claimed by many growers
that each hill ot strawberries hero
will yield a quart, aud that their
crops average 10 cents at Salem. At
these figures 3 crops would run the
not earnings of nn acre of strawber
ries up to $1811.50.
GENEUAL NEWS NOTES.
Mexlcb will soud her finest spec!
mens of various woods to tho Chica
go exhibition.
Petitions will bo filed at Ottawa
on Monday to unseat Sir Adolpho
Caron, tho Dominion minister of
mihtla, and Sir Hector Laugovlu,
minister of public works, for corrupt
practices.
At 2:15 Monday morning tho
Cauadiun Paclilo railway oablnot
shop, In connection with their works
on Delorimero avenuo, Moutrcal,
wcro burning and wore likely to bo
totally destroyed.
Tho stcamor Olymplu, from Puler-
mo, arrived at the quarantine sta
tion at Now Orleans Sunday with
460 Sicilians, who will bo cast adrift
in that city from tho northeastern
wharf.
A baronetoy has been conferred
upou tho Hon. James FlCjamcs
Stephen, justice of tho queen's
bench division of tho high court of
Justice, who retired recently from
tho beuoh owing to impaired health.
Denunciations sent to tho Ger
man government, protesting against
tho ring in wheat and rye forcing
prices to a fictitious height, have
caused tho government to open uu
official inquiry Into tho matter.
Slgnor Imbrlauthas given notice
In tho Italian deputies that ho in
tends to question Premier Rudml
In regard to tho refusal of Inspector
Byrnes, of Now York city, to ac
cept tho decoration sont to him by
King Humbert.
Tho walls of tho Qermanla pit,
near Qoiieonklrcheti, Germany,
collapsed Saturday, burying a large
numbor of miners in the ruins
Four men wore killed outright aud
several Injured, Many of tho men
aro entombed in tho mine, aud their
fate Is uncertain, though It Is
thought they will bo rescued.
Tho Emperor William has pur
chased the famous cutter Thistle,
welt known for its unsuccessful at
tempt several years ago to win the
American's cup at New York lu a
contest with tho Volunteer.
Crop reports from Hungary nay
that phylloxera is duvustlug the
vlnoyards there, Tho prlco of
Hungarian wino has risen ono-thlrd
within a year.
A dispatch from Capetown says
that the Portuguese fired upon the
British steamer Agnes, conveying
tho Wllloughby expedition, and
seized tho cargo in tho boats.
Tho German government has
determined to strongly fortify tho
important commercial city ofOsna-
hruok, Hanover. Besides tho de
fenses of the city Itself, three forts
will bo erected outside tho lines.
Eastern Oregon wool cannot be
produced with a profit for less than
16 cento per pound; to thuadd 2.02
cents for transportation uud there
nvist bo a prlco of 17.0 cento per
pound. Tho tariff gives at least 0.0
of a cent pcrpoutid to every pound
of wool grown lu Oregon Let the
tariff" be removed, and Oregon cau
not compete with foreign producers,
henco tho wool market of America
will bo dictated by tho foreign pro
ducor,
Tte
fill the oll tor a space of tho radlust firmly packed, There U ft dltferen-ISoi,
Ilucklou'l Arulv Hutvu,
Het HU In tin world or (ut,
jiueum, rvYer
(in. Uhltolalu.
KruDtlaa. nail tmnl-
Uvciy euiMltte, or noiwy rtqulrud. It
U guaranteed lu k'lya perwrt tuuUlaottou
aw. trvo, w;cu vw
ilruUw, Horui, Ulovn, SalUtUeum, Vver
, leiuir, uunpu llun
Uorn n(t nil Hklo
TUB KAISER'S TROUBLES.
London, April 21. Thero Is arow
In tho kaiser's household. Berlin
dispatches stato that tho emperor
may take his journey to Schleswig
alone. The Imperial couple aro said
to bo unhappy for several reasons,
ono being tho growing influence of
tho Empress Fredorlok, who, in tho
opinion of tho kalserln, usurps soma
of the importance that ought to at
tach to tho kaiser's consort, aud an
other is tho harshness shown by the
kaiser recently to near relatives of
tho knlscrlu. The kaiser has been a
devoted husband, since tho suicide
of Prlnco Rudolph of Austria had
an effect lu mending his habits, but
lie expects tho same divine-right
sort of worship in his family that
he requires from his people, and this
has led to trouble. Tho affair has
becomo sufficiently prominent to
attract attention and arouso gossip
outside of court circles. It 1b thought
that it may amount to no more than
strained relations for n few days, as
tho Imperial pair aro dovoted to
their children.
THE PORTUGESE IN AFRICA.
London, April 21. A dispatch
received hero from Durban, South
Africa, show tho Portugese authori
ties are taking a high hand In Mash,
onaland. Tho latest Instance thero
of hostilities to British interests iu
that district Is likely to cause a fur
ther teuslon lu tho relation between
tho governments of Great Britain
and Portugal. Thero nro a number
of British colonists who have set
tled iu Mashonalalid, and malls des
tined to them nro carried via Bclra,
a Portugeso settlement. A short
tlmo ago, upon tho arrival of the
British mall sacks at Belra, the
Portugese authortlcs held them, and
refused to allow them to bo carried
to tholr destination. Great Indigna
tion was aroused on tho part of the
tho British colonists by this high
handed proceeding. Further details
regarding the firing Upon thoBritish
steamer Agnes, which was engaged
I in conveying an oxpodltlon and the
seizure of cargo boats engaged in
tho samo service, show that Colonel
Wllloughby, commanding the
Agnes, endeavored to seouro tho re
leaso of his vessel by paying what
was Imposed by tho Portugese. The
officials refused payment and order
ed tho British flag down aud hoisted
tho Portugeso flag in its place. The
Portugeso declare tho Prltish are
oxoludcd fron tho Ponglvo river,
which tho boats wero navigating
when seized, and which Is tho chief
water routo to Mashonaland, Sev
eral B'rltlsh colonists havo been Im
prisoned uud most of tho British
settlors havo leturued from Mash
onalalid ou accouut of tho arbitrary
action of tho Portugese. Thero Is
every ovldonco that a serious rupture
is impending between the Portugese
and British authorities.
THE ITALIAN MAFIA.
London, April 21, A Home dis
patch says that the government has
agreed to givo free passage to Amer
ica to nuy of tho Informers and
ether witnesses in the Mala Vita
prosecution that may desire it, and
It is believed that tho offer will bo
gladly taken advantago of by all of
them. Several wlfuetses who testi
fied in tho case havo already reached
Nuples uudcr police protection, nnd
uro undoubtedly awaiting tho first
chance to emigrate to tho United
States.
A Roman gentleman Informed a
London correspondent Friday that
while ho hated and despised tho
Miitla.ho recogulzedthat theveudetttt
wus iuovltablo.uud that the leaders In
tho Aineil&i" tragedy would dlo by
violence sooner or later, though per
haps not for two or threo years. Ho
suld that this was tho chief reason
in Italy for punishing murder with
imprisonment Instead of death, m
vendetta had always followed tin
capita penalty.
want to comk hf.uk.
Rome, April 21. Tho Itullau gov-
eminent has sent several officials to
Sardinia to prepare tho way for
Itullun families of emlgruuts. It U
proposed to allot to eauh emigrant
family a share of laud equivalent to
about live acres, tho land to he paid
for on cosy terms. Tho Italian gov-r
orument Is too poor to give tht aml
grants financial a&slstuuco In limit
ing a start and there Is very little
money iu Sardinia, So fur uot evea
ono family has expressed n desire' to
go to Sardinia, while the officers for
booking for the United Stat u
beselged by a clamorous crowd.
A VlllKKAN LOSEH HIS LIKK.
OHAVrANOOQA, Teuu., April 21.-T-A
disastrous flro started hem Wan
day ulght at 10 o'clock In the Kwv
peau hotel. Twloo tha biilldl hm
been destroyed by 11 r lu th )nm
threo years. It In a Jarj foUM4ryp
brick structure at tlw ooruw r
Ninth and Cherry stnwts, 4 k m
second-eluM hotel. HI luutd tt
leru how tlw tire itfrtd. Th
H
J!