WEEKXTT OKEGOX STATESMAN, TUESDAY. DECEMBER, 8, 1903.
RESID
To the Senate and House of Represen-
Ths'touMry congratulated
wlSnt of substantial achleW
ment whcVb" narkd the past year
JTt b J regards our foreign and a re
imrda our dont'c policy.
With nation as with man the
most Important things are those of tfc
household, and therefore unt
is especially to be congratulated on
what han been accomplished In the di
lution of providing for the exercrS.
of supervision over the great corpora
. tlons and combination of corporation
'engaged. In Interstate commerce. The
Congress has created the Department
of Commerce, and Labor, Including the
Jjureau of Conrorations, with for the
first time authority to secure proper
publicity of such proceedings of these
roroorations as the public has
th rlrht to know. It has provided for
the expediting of suits for the enforce
ment of the Federal anti-trust law;
and by another law It has secured
aual treatment to a producers in the
transportation of their goods, thus tak
ing a ion stride forward In making efr
feetlve the work of the Interstate Com
merce Commission.
Department f Commerce and Labor.
Th establishment of the Lfcrpartment
and Labor, with tb
Itureau of Corporations thereunder,
nwrks a real advance in the direction
of doing all that is possible for the sol
ution of the questions vitally afectin?
capitalists and wage-workers. The act
creatine the department was approved
Ketruarr 14. IMS. and two dars later
tb bfu.d of the deurt meut was nom
inated "and confirmed by th Senate.
Unre then the work of organization
rm bwn pushed as rapidly as the in
itial appropriations rermltted, and with
(iuf r-gurd to thuroughnes and the
r broad purpos which the department
l designed to (K-rvf. After the trans
'. fer'of the various bureaus and btttnch.es
f to the department at the beginning of
the current, fiscal year, as provided for
in the act, the personnel comprised
tih9 employes in Washington and &36
in the country at large. The scope of
the department's duty and authority
embraces the commercial and indus
trial Interests of the nation. It is not
designed to restrict or control the ful
Imt liberty of legitimate business action.-but
to secure exact and authen
tic Information which wilt aid the -Executive
in enforcing existing laws, and
which will enable Conjrress to enact
ud'Jitlonql legislation, if any should be
found necessary. In order to prevent
the fevr from 'obtaining prKHnes . tt
the expense of diminish-! opportuni
ties for tile many.
Bureau of Corporations.
The preliminary work of the Rureau
of Corporations tn the department ha
'shown 'the visdom of Us 'creation.
Publicity In corporate aff.iirs will tend
to do wy with ignorance, and a 111
afford facts, upon which nteiiif,-ent ac
tion may be tken. Systematic, intel
ligent Investigation Is.already'devt-lop?
big facts the 'knowledge of which Is c
sential to u-rlrfit understanding of the
ri-ds and. duties f the btiHness wori!.
The corporation which is honestly an J
fairly Organized, 'whose'.. managers m
the conduct of its business recognize
their obligation to dejil squarely with
their stockholders, their competitors,
and thc public,; bs nothing to fe;ir
( from such nuper -is ion. The. purpose of
this bureau Is not to embarrass or as
sail -legitimate bu-slnex but to aid in
bringing about a better Industrial condition-a
condition under which there
shall 'be obedience to law and tecog
nition of public -obligation by all cor
poratton. great or small. The De
portment of Commerce and laihor will
be not only the clearing house for In
formation regarding the business trans
actions of the nation but the executive
arm uf the Government to aid in
Ktrengthenlm? our domestic and for
ign markets, in perfecting our trans
portation facilities, in building op our
merchant nvrine. in preventing- the
entrance of undes'rable Immigrants, In
itnpiwtiig commercial and industrial
"""ondition. and tn bringing together n
. cvmrooo ground those necessary part
ners In Industrial progresscapital and
labor. Commerce between the nations
is steuOIly growing in volume, and the
teujency of the tims Is toward closer
trade relation. Constant watchfulness
Is needed to secure to Americans the
chance to participate to the best ad
van taj?e in foreign trade: and we may
confldently expect that the new depart
ment will justify the expectation of Us
erectors by the exercise of this watch
fuluesa, as we'l as by the businesslike
administration of such law relating
to our internal affairs as are. intrusted
to its caie. ,...-'".-'''.
In friartlng the laws above enumer
ated the Congress proceeded on sane
ai conservative lines. Nothing rev
olutionary va attempted; .but a common-sens
esTuuf successful effort was
made In the direction of seeing that
corporations are so bandied s to sub
eerve the public good. . The legislation
was. moderate. It was characterized
throughout by the idea that we were
not attartdng corporations, but en
deavoring to provide for doing- away
with any tvil in them: .that we drew
the line against misconduct, not against
wealth; gliidly recognizing the grent
good done ly the capitalist who alone,
or In conjunction with his fellows, does
his work along proper and legitimate
lines. Th purpose of the legislation,
which purpose will undoubtedly be ful
filled, was to favor such a man -when
he does wtU. and to supervise his ac
tion only to preveut him from doing tlL
lubllcity can do no harm to the hon
est corporation. The only corporation
mat has cause to dread it is the cor
poration which shrinks from the light.
'iuid about the welfare of such corpor
ations we neel not be over sensitive.
The work of the Department of Com
merce and Itbor has been conditioned
upon this theory, of securing fair
treatment alike for labor and for
capital.-. ' -,' - .;'.;-' '.,. ' ;:'.
, 'Capital and Labor.
The 'consistent Oolicy of trfp Nation
al Goveniinent, o far as it htt the
power. Is to hoM In check the unscru
ntilous man, whether employer or cm
j,;. we: but to tSfu$ .to wcti !r3l-
vidijal Initiative; or to "-han;er .or
fhe indusirlal" ileveloptaen t of
ti- countrv. We recojnize that this Is
' 1 ': ' , " - . , . ii . - - ,' ., . - ... ...... - i
rvn
Jl
i
an era of federation and combination. customs receipts as is granted iilm in
in whlcii great capitalistic corpora- jthe deposit of receipts sfrom other
tkms and labor unions have become. sources. In my message of. December
factors of tremendous Importance In
all industrial centers. Hearty recog
nition is given, the far-reaching, be
neficent wot k which has . been accom
plished through both corporations and
unions, and the line as between 'dif
ferent corporations as between dlffer-
ent unions. Is drawn, as It is between f
dmereut indlviauais: mat is. u w harmony: with an act of tiie Congresa
drawn on conduct, the effort being to - apprdfriatin? 25,0N) to pay . th ex
treat both organized capital and or- J penses thereof. -a commission was ap
gaiJxed labor alike; asking; nothing pointed to confer with the principal
sara that the Interest of each, snail be European countries in the hope that
brought Into harmony with the Inter- some plan might be devised -whereby
est .of the general public, and that th a fixed rate' of exchau&d could be as
conduct of each shall conform to the sored between the gold-standard
fundamental rules f obedience to law, J countries and the silver-standard
of Individual freedom, and of justice , countries. 1 This commission has filed
and fair dealing: towards alL When- its preliminary report, , which has been
ever either corporation, labor union, made public. I deem it important that
or individual disregards the- law -or the commission be continued, and that
acta in a spirit of arbitrary and tyran- ft- 8um money be appropriated suffl
nous interference with the rights of ' cient to pay the expenses of Its further
h srhethe 'cornoratlons or indi- LihAn t .
viduals, then where the Federal Gov
ernment has jurisdiction It will se" toi
tl that the misconduct Is stopped, pay- j
ing not the slightest heed" to the posi- t
ion or power of the corporation,' the;
union or the individual,'- t only to '
one vital j fact that is. Lie question
whether or not the conduct of the in
dividual or aggregate Of Individuals is;
tn accordance with the law of the
land. Every man must be guaranteed,
his liberty and his right to do as he
likes wittt hU provrty or ;is labor.
i-, - t, not infrinyi- the
ritrhts of other. No man is above the
law and n man is below it: nor do and the Secretary of Commerce and
we ask any man's permission when we Labor, associated ; with such a repre
requlre him to obey it. Obedience tojsentatlon from the Senate atvl Housa
the law is demanded as a ligrht; not of UepresentaUves as the Congress in
asked as i. favor. , Its wisdom may designate, to ser-e as
We haw cause i
a nation to be
thankful for the slew that have been
so successfully taken to put these
principles into effect. The progress has
be-n by .evolution, not by revolution.
-VHlr. T.ifllcftl ' haii been clone: the
:utkn has been both moderate and . meree, ana 'nciaentaiiy ot a national
resolute. I .Therefore the wort will ocean mall Rerice of adequate auxil
suind. There, shall be no backward " iaryi. naval cruisers ancLnavaJ reserVtS.
step. Jf in the working of the laws it i. While, such .a. measure is desirable In
proves desirable that they shall at any i
point bej expanded or amplified, the
amendment can be made as its desira
bility is f shownJ Meanwhile they are
b. lic ttdminlstered with Judrnient, but
with insistence upon obedience to
tlwin; and their need has been empha
sized iriislgnal fashion by the events
of the. past year.
Government Receipts and Expenditures.
From jail sources, exclusive of the
IostaI service, the receipts of the
Govern rrunt for- the last fuwsil year
tures - for the ' same oeriod were
iiggregated S5fc0.3d.CT4. Tk expendi
5t6,t9.0OT, the surplus ' for the
fiscal . year beinsr S-1.27.C- The
indications are that the surplus for the
present j fiscal year will be very small.
If indeed there be any surplus. From
July to 'November the receipts, from
custom were, : approximately. 19.00,
000 Uit :. tnan the receipts from the
name source for a corresponding; por
tion of last y-ar. Sliould this decrease
contlnu- at the same rato throughout
tlM fiscal year, the surplus would be
reduced by. asnproximately, thirty mil
lion dollars. Should the revenue from
customer suffer much further decrease
during j the fiscal year, the surplus
wouM vanish. A larie surplus Is cer
tainly j undesirable. Two, years ago
the war taxes were taken off with th
expres ; intention of equalizing the
governmental i receipts 'H and expendi
tures, and though lW first year there
after still showed a surplus, it now
seems : likely that '-a substantial equal
ity cf 'revenue and expenditure will be
attained. Such being the case it Is of
gTeat moment both to exercise care and
economy In appropriations, and to,
scan sharply any change in our fiscal
revenue system which may reduce our
income. The need of strict economy
In our1 expenditures is emphasized by
the fact that we can not afford to be
parsimonious in providing: for what la
essential to our national well-being.
Careful economy wherever possible
will alone prevent our income from
falling below Me point required In or
der to meet our genuine needs.
Needs of Financial Situation.
Tiv Integrity of our curreivcy is
beyond question, and under present
conditions it 'would be unwise and un
necessary to attempt a reconstruction
of our entire monetarr system. The
same liberty should be granted tlie
Secretary of the , Treasury to deposit
Thousands Hare Kidney Trouble
and Don't Know it.
How Ta 7ia Ost.
Fil
a bottle or common flass wfth' your
water and let it jund twenty-four hours:
sediment or- set
tling indicates an
unhealthy condi
tion of the kid
neys; if it stains
your linen . It Is
evidence of kid
ney trouble: too
frequent desire to
pass it or pain in
the - back Is also
c nvinctne proof that the kidneys and blad
der are otl of rder. v
waatwDo. ! '
There is comfort in the kitawledcre so
often expressed.. that Dr. Kilmer's Swamp-
Koot. toe srea: kidney remedy fulfills every
wiiti la curing- "Vhematlsrn. pain in the
back, kidneys, liver, bladder and every part
of the urinary passage. It corrects inability
to hold water and scalding pain la passinf
n. or oaa ettects iollowai j use of - liquor,
wine or beer, and overcomes that ur. pleasant
ocosKty or Being compelled to t onen
during the day. and ta get uo many times
during the night. The mild and the extra-
oroinary effect ef Swamp-Root Is soon
realiasd. It etailds the highest for its wefi-
oi-.ui enreji oi tne most stressing cases.
j vx iicca a raeaictne you should have tas
best. Sold by druggist! in 50c sr.d $i; siies.
You ma have a sample boale of Jthls
wonoenyi ciacovery
and a book that tells
more about it, both sent
absolutdy free by rr.a!L
lu - ..... .
wr. rUirner b ' i - -
wo.. Btnghamton. N. Y. When writing rr.s:.
Uonrttduig thia generous oRcr in this paper.
Don t malic any kr.btaki, but remembe
a v name, S-ramp-Root. Dr. Klfmir's
'amp-Roe.Nana the address, Binglvumoa,
N.Y, on bottle, .
vnii4 r-r
1902, I called attention to certain
needa of the?-financial situation, and 'I
again ask the consideration of the
Congress for these questions.,: y ;
- During" the last session of the Con
gress, at the suggestion of a joint note
from the Republic of Mexico and the
imperial Ckvernrnent of China, and in
Merchant Marina.
A najority of out people desire that
steps be taken, in the 'interests 'of
American shipping, so that we may
once more resume our former position
in the ocean carrying trade. But hith
erto the differences of opinion as " to
th4 proper method : or reaching this
end have been so wide that it haaj
proveo mposiui w secure me aaop-
"on of any! particular scheme. IIav
Ing In view these facts, ; I recommend
that the Congress direct the Secretary
of the Navy, the Postmaster-General, ,
a commission for the purpose or in
vestigating and reporting to the Con
gress at its next session! what legisla
tion is desirable or necessary or the
development of the American mer
chant marine and American com-
any event, it is especially clesirable at
tnts time, in view or me ract mat our
prtent i governmental ; contract for
ocean mail with the American Line
will expire, in 1D05. Our ocean mall act
was passed In 1891. in W5 our 20
knot transatlantic mall line was equal
to any foreign . line, jsince - then the
Clermans have put on 23-knot stan
ers. and the British have con
tracted for 4-knot steamers. ; One
service should equal the best. If
It does not. the commercial public will
abandon it. If we are to sUiy In the
Itusiness it ought , to be with a full
understanding of ; the advantages to
the country on one hand, and on the
other with exact knowledge of the cost
and proper methods of carrying' It on.
Moreorer, lines of carso ships are ov
even I more importance than fast mail
lini save w far al the latter can be
depended, upt-n to furnisSi .swift auxil
iary cruisers in time of war. The es
tablishment of new lines of cargo ships
to South America, to Asia, and else
where would be much In the inttrest
of our commercial expansion.
Immigration.
We can not have too much immigda-
tion of the right kind, and we should
have none at all ; of i the wTongr kind.
The need 'Is to devise1 some system by
which undesirable immigrants shall be
kept out entirely while clesirable im
migrants are . properly distributed
throughout the . country. At . present
some districts which need immigrants
have none; and In pothers, 'where the
population is already consisted, immi
grants -come in such numbers as to
depress tlv? conditions of life for those
already there. ; tnjring: the last two
years the immigration service at New
York has b en greatly improved. ' and
the corruption and inefflefcmey which
formerly obtained, there nave been
eradicated. This service Just been
Investigated by committee of New
York citizens of high standing. Mcum.
Arthur V. 'Brieseu, Le K. Frankel.
Bugene A. Phllbin, Thomas AV. Ilyoes,
and Kalph Trautmati. .Their report
deals ; with the whole situation at
length, nnd concludes "with certain rec
ommeidations for administrative and
legislative action.' It Is now receiving
the? attention of the Secretary of Com
merce and Labor. '
. Naturalization FraJds.
The special investigation of the sub
ject of neutralization under direction
of the Attorney -General, and the con
sequent prosecutions- reveal a condi
tion of affairs- calling' for the immedi
ate attention of the Congress. Forge-,
ries and perjuries of shameless and
flagrant vharacter' have been perpe
trated, not only in the dense centers of
population, but throughout, the coun
try; - and if is established beyond
doubt that very many so-calkd citl
sens of the United Stales have no title
whatever to that riht. add. are assert
ing and enjoy irg- the benefits . of 'the
same through thei grossest frauds. It
Is never to be forgotten that citizen
ship is, to quote tiwe words recently
used by the Supreme Court of - the
Unltd States, an 'inestimabU: herit
are." wbetner. It proceeds from, birth
within the country 'or is obtained, by
nataraiixatlon: and we poison the
sources of our national character and
strength at the fountain. If the privi
lege is claimed ami exercised without
rlgitt. and by mean, of fraud uid cor
ruption. The body politic, can not
be sound and healthy rt many of its
coiif tltuent members : claim their
standing through i the; prostitution of
the high rigiit aivi calling i of citizen
ship, it shouldv mean sornetalng- to
become a citizeil of ,the United States:
and in the process, iioa loophole what
ever should be left open to fraud. -
The methods toy. which thee irauda
r-uow nuder full investigation with a
riew to meting out punlsrtiment and
providing adequate . remedies are per
petrated. Include -many .variations of
procedure by f winch false certificates of
citizenship are forjrid in their entire
ty; or senuim certlHcateg fraudulently
or ; collusively "Obtained in blank are
filled ln by the criminal coiiptrator:
or rtlflcatcs are obtained on frauda
hnC statements as s to the time of ar
rival and residence la this country -or
impositioir-and eubvtltutkm of a
Dtlvarad Bfor rifty-EUhth Cmim
In Hagular " SmsIm YrtfJty Aft.
mw .Comn 17.000 WrdRM.
mmwUi Lowts u CUrk Expositlart
other partjr for the real petitioner oc
cur in court; or .certificates are aiaael
the subject of- barter and" sale and!
transferred from -the rightful holder to
those not entitled to them; or cema
cates are forged 'by erasure f the
original names and tiie insertion, ox
the names' of other persons not entitled
to-the same. ' V T: .- "' - f ':?' :
It Is not - necessary for me to refer
here at large to the causes leading to
this state of affairs. The desire for
naturalization is heartily to be com
mended where it springs from a sin
cere and permanent intention to be
come citizens, and a real appreciation
of the privilege. 'But it Is source of
untold evil .and trouble where it is
traceable to selfish and dishonest mo
tives, aucb ' as the effort . by "artificial
and improper means, in wholesale
fashion to 'create- voter , who are
ready-made, tools , of corrupt politi
cians, or the desire to evade oertain
labor laws creating discriminations
against alien labor. All good citizens,
whether naturalized or. : native bom,
are eqrually interested -.in' protecting
our citizinshlp against fraud . In any
form, and, on the other hand, in af
fording every facility for naturaliza
tion to those who in; good faith desire
to share alike our privileges and .our
responsibilities. - '
The Federal grand Jury lately in ses
sion in New York City dealt with this
subject and made a presentment which
states the situation briefly and forci
bly and contains ' important " sugges
tions for the consideration of the Con
gress. This presentment is -Included
as an appendix to the report of the
Attorney-Oeneal. .
In my last 'annual Message. In con
nection with the subject of. the. du
regulation of combinations of capital
which are or may become injurious to
the public. I recommended a special
appropriation for the better enforce
ment of. the antitrust law as It now
stands," to be expended under the di
rection of the Attorney -General. Ac
cordingly, (by the legislative, executive,
and Judicial appropriation aet of IiVl
ruary 25. 1903, f 32 Stalt., 85, S04), the
Congress appropriated, 'for the purpose
of enforcing the various Federal trust
ahd interstate-commerce laws, the
sum of $500,000. to be expended under
the direction of the Attorney-General
in the employment of .'special, counsel
and agents in the Iepartment of Jus
tice, to conduct proceedings aiid prose
cutions unier said laws in the courts
of the United States.' i. ' s -
Public Land and ; Postal Frauds.
I now recommend, ' aa a- matter of
the utmost : important and urgtwey,
the extension of -the; purposes of this
appropriation, o that it may be avail
able, under the . direction of tlv.- Attorney-General,
and until used, for the
due enforcement of the , laws of the
United States in general and especial
ly of the civil and criminal laws relat
ing to public lands aiid the laws re
lating' to postal crimes and offenses
and j the subject of' naturalization. Re
cent Investigations jnave boWn a de
ploriVble state' of 'affairs in these thrt
matters of-, vital concern. Jly vafious
frauds and by forgeries and perjuries,
thousands of acres of the public do
main, embracing: lands of different
character arid extending through vari
ous sections of the country, have been
dishonestly .acquired. , It is hardly
necessary to urge the Importance of
recovering tbea? dishonest acquisitlonsj
stolen from the people;-and of prompt
ly and duly publishing the- offenders. I
speak, in another part of this Message
of the widespread crimes by which' th-d
sacred rirht or cltizenahip Is falsely
asserted and that Inestimable herlt
affe perverted, to base ends. -Uy simi
lar means that is, 4 through frauds,
forgeries. , and" .perjuries, and by
shameless briberiesthe laws ( relating
to. the proper conduct of ,the public
service In general and to the due ad
ministration of the Postoflfice Tepart
mejit have been notoriously violated,
and many indictments have been
found, and the consequent prosecutions
are in course of bearing or on the eve
thereof. For the reasons thus "indicat
ed, and so that the Government may
be prepared to enforce promptly and
with the greatest effect the due penal
ties for such" violation of law. and to
this end may be furnished with suffi
cient Instrumentalities and -competent
legal assistance for "the: investigations
and trials wh!ch will be necessafv at
many different points of the country,
I urge -upon the Congress the necessi
ty of making the said appropriation
available for immediate use for all
such purposes. ; to be expended under
the direction ot the-Attorney-General.
; Te Males Bribery Extraditable. ,
"- Steps have been taWen by tHe' - State
Department- looking to the making of
bribery, an extraditable offense with
foreign powers. The need . ,of more
effective treaties- covering this crime is
manifest. The exposures and prosecu
tions of official corruption in St. Louis.
Mo., and other cities and states have
resulted in , a number f of givers and
takers of bribes becoming fugitives In
foreign lands, , Bribery has .' not been
Included In extradition treaties iierei
tofore, as the necessity tor it has not
arisen. While there may have been
as jnuch. official corruption in. former
years,-there has beep more developed
and brought to light In the Immediate
past than In the preceding century of
our country's history. It should.be the
policy of the United. States to leave no
place on earth : wiere . a corrupt ma r
neeing sfrom this; country can rest in
peace. There Is no reason' why bribery
should not be included in all treatl;w
as extraditable.) TJe recent amended
treaty with Mexico. . whereby -" this
OUR UETIIOD '
OF DENTIGTI3Y
; Crown and Illdge work. Kn
tirflv uew metbod.- A - wienliOc
metbod lbat hi speci&Uy ,lo mse t
these pi rlorsTAod mie t Uat bas
given eutire Mtlhffa'tion toall our
aliota.-. Charges afe extrvmcly
ttMJefttte,. ,r. .'
t C. DAILfY.Di M; D,
i-M-i V -:tWvt
f tum f.3 Mereacr Wtr" ;
t '- tMr ' II eyt w :" oo Store. ,
,':.... , Simiem, Ore. .
crime was put In the list of extradlta-
bU offenses, has established a salutary I
precedent in this regard.: Under this
treaty; the State Department has ask
ed, and Mexico has granted, the extra
dition of one of the ; St, XjOuIs bribe
givers. 'v-- .t'.x"' ; ,
There can be no crime more . serious
than briber-. Other offenses violate
one law while corruption strikes at th.d
foundation of all law. - Under our form
of government - all authority Is vested
in Uie people . and by them delegated
to . those who represent them In official
capacity. There can be ( no offense
heavier than that of him in whom such
a -sacred . trust has been reposed, who
sells it for his own gain and enrich
ment; and no less neavy is the offense
of the bribe, giver. He Is worse than
the thief, Ktyr, the thief robs the Indi-'
vidua!, wtuie the corrupt official plun
ders an entire city or state.. He is as
wicked as the murderer, for the mur
derer may? only take one life against the
law, while the corrupt official and tiie
man who corrurts the official alike
aim at ; the assassination of the com
monwealth itself. Government! of the
people, by the people, for the people
will perish from the face of the earth
If bribery is tolerated. The givers and
takers of bribes stand on an evil pre
eminence of infamy. The exposure
and punishment of . public corruption
is an honor to a nation, not a dis
grace. The shame lies in toleration,
not In correction. No. city or state,
still less the Xatlon, eani be injured by
the? enforcement of ' law. As long as
public plunderers when, detected can
find a haven of refuge in any foreign
land and avoid punishment. Just so
long encouragement is given them to
continue their practices. t we fail
to do all that tn us lies to stamp out
corruption- we can not etfeane uur
share of responsibility for the-guilt.
The first requisite of successful
if r
government is unflinching enforcement !"
of the? law- and the cutting out of cor- j
ruption. . . - .
Alaskan Boundary.
or several years past the rapid der
veiopment of Aloeka and the establls.'i
ment of growing American interests In
regions . therefore unsuryeyedi aAd Ini
perXectlyi ; known i brought into promi
nence the urgent necessity at a prac?
tical demarcation of the- boundaries
between the Jurisdictions of the Unit
ed States and Great Britain. Although
the treaty of 1825 between Great Brit
ain and Russia, the provisions of
which were copied in the treaty of
1S67, whereby Russia conveyed Alaska
to the United States, was positive as
to the control, first by Russia and
later by the United States, of n strip
of territory along the continental
mainland from the western shore iof
Portland Canal to Mount St. Klias,
following and surrounding the inden
tations of, the coast and including the
Island to th- westward, its ascrip
tion of the LmdwanJ margin of1 the
strip was indefinite, resting on the
supposed existence . of a - continuous
ridge or range - f mountains skirting
the coast.' as figured in tlv? charts of
the early navigators. It had at no time
been possible for either party in in
terest to lay down, under the author
ity of the treaty, a lin-e- so obviously
exact according to its provisions as to
command the assent of the other. For
nearly three-fourths, of 'a century: the
absence of tangible , local Interests de-j
manning uie exercise or positive juris
diction on either side of the border
left the questjon; dormant. In 188
questions, of revenue administration on
the Stiklne river led to the establish
ment of a provisional demarcation,
crossing ' the" channel between two
high peaks on eider side about twenty-four
miles above- the river mouth.
In 1899 similar questions growing out
of the extraordinary development of
mining interests in J he region about
the head ot Lynn Canal brought about
a temporary' modus vivendi, t- which
a con-enient separation was made at
the watershed, -divides of the White
and! Chilkoot passes and to the north
of Klukwan,- on the Jvlenini . river.
These partial and tentative', adjust
ments could not. In the ver" nature- of
things, be satisfactory' or Jastlng. A
permanent disposition of ttie matter
became imperative.
After -unavailing attempts to reach
ran understanding througa a Joint
High Commission, followed by . pro
longed 'negotiations, conducted in an
amicable spirit, a" converttlon" between
the United States and -Great Britain
was signed; January 21. 1903, provid
ing for an examination of the subject
by a 'mixed tribunal of six members,
three on a side, with a view to. its final
disposition.' Ratifications were ex
changed on -March. 3d last, whereupon
the two Governments -appointed their
resiective members. Those on beho-rf of
the United States- were Elihu Root,
Secretary of War, Henry Cabot Lodge,
a Senator of tlie .United Stated, and
George Turner, an ex-Senator of tho
United 'States, while Great : Britain
named the Right Honorable Xxird Al-i-erstone:,'
Lord 'Chief Justice' of - Eng
land, Sir Louis Amable Jett. K. C. M.
G., retired Judge of the Supreme Court
of Quebec and A. B. Aylesworth. K.
C, of Toronto. This Tribomal met In
London on Sept. 3d. under the Pres
idency of Lord -Alverstohe. ; The pro
ceediiigs ' were expeditious, and mark
ed .bya ' friendly and ; conscientious
spirit. The respective - cases, counter
cases, and arguments presented the
issues clearly, and fully. On the 20th
of October a majority of the Tribunal
reached and signed an agreement on
all -the question submitted by the
terms -of the Convention. By this
award the right of the United States
to th control of a continuous strip or
border of the mainland shore, skirting
all the -tMe-water1 Inlets "and sinuosi
ties of the ' coast, is confirmed; ; the
entrance to Portland Canal - (concern
ing Which legitimate doubt appeared) Is
defined as ; passing br Ton g ass Inlet
and to the north west ward of Wales
and Parse islands; a line Is drawn
from the head of Portland Canal to the
fifty-sixtn degree of -north latitude;
and tlv; Interior border line of the strip
is fixed by ' lines connecting- certain
mountain summits ' lying between
Portland -Canal and Mount St Klias.
running along- the- crest - of the, divide
separating the coast- slope from the in
land watershed at tne-only part of the
frontier where t be; dra matte " rldge np-
trnoencs me conn wjtnm ine autance
I of ten marine leagues ' slTbulated ' by
j tBejirealy as'.the extfem Vidtb of tnV
;. strip around -the nteads5 Lynhi Canal
fcahd Its braiK'hes. :' . -1 V -.-:. : ;.
f i Wftlle the . line: so t ra ced ' fI lowi the
j teov1sional demarcation of 1878 at the
' crossing cf the Stiklne rivertaud Uiat
AAAOOD WAiSlTED.
We woultl reiiiind those"lf our subscribers who huve pniuisfj
to baul wood, on subscription account tbat the season is getting
late, and we would like to have tbe wood now; either this or defi
nite jdatca as to, when it will be delivered, and in what quantities.
lYe want to be sure of our. supply for the winter.
f STATESMAN: PUBLISHING CO,
:TO
' ':'
"dD33liIID IHIdD M I&
If you arc going nomo---to
year,- remember that the KOllTHJEUN TACFIC leatls to cv
erybody's home. - ,; ,1
You can go by way of SL Paul to Chica, or St. Loui
and thence reach tltc entire .East and Boutin Or, you cui go fo
DuluUi, and from there use cither the rail lines, or one of tlm
Buperb Ltke Bteaiaera down the laVes to Detrtit, Cleveland
Krij, and BuJ3alo--thc lan-A inerican Citj'. .
- ,; ' '- ' ' i . " ' ' ' -: - - ; ... . " - ' k . .
- . Start right and yon will probably arrive at your'destina
tion al right, and, to tart right, use the Northern laciflc, and
preferably the "KOUTH COAST LDIITKD'V train, in eervice
aRer ,MAY,5tV. . '
: Any local agent will ruune 4-atw. , - ;
A. D. CHARLTON
Tkat Are tlscfcl n Writ at Onumtnul. !
Gloria Silk, black or colors, handles ueiatly inoiinUti
Avitli sterling ' silver. Look like five dollar , vnlncx
; Our priey, $ 1.75 to $3.00.
! '8MAW18
25c trach; that aft wtrth 50 cents. Wc have Other
' rangiri in riw ii to 2.50. . -
j ; WILOERY. ;
Late (t y'e ail i gt od tjual i t y. 40 per cent reduction.
A $2.00 hat costing you only. . . . . . . .'. ..... .$1.20
A $300 hat coding you only. . . .$1.80
A $1.00 hat costing you only. .:. . . ; . ...... . JkiMO
W, :- , y
. -. Formerly -30 -.cents oy 25c a yard, bright odor.
Rostein i
302 Commercial Street
of ISS9 at the sMminhs .of the White
and Chilkoot parses, it funs much far-
tner inlaivi from the Klebtni than the 1
temporary He of Uie later tiuxlus vi- j
veix! 1, and leiives the ' entire, mlnlnff
dlKtrict of tbe . Porcupine river and
Glacier creek w ithin the jurisdiction of E
the United States. J
The result is satisfactory in every."
way. It Is of great material advant
age to our people In' the Far; North
west. It has removed from t he field
of discussion audi ponplble - danger , a .
question liable to become more acutely j
accentuated with each pausing , year, i
Finally, it hai furnished a sigu;tl proof
of the falrnesa and food will -with
which two friendly nations lean ap-
... . . J I
proacn ana determine issue involving'
national eoverelgnty anil by, their na
ture inaprt.b ' of submission to .a
tbird. power foradjudicatloti.- .
.,?Tlie award Is seff-executing on the
vital points. To' make it effective as'
regards the others It only; remains for ;
the two Governments 'Xo . appoint, . each
on Its own beiialf. one or more scien
tific experts.- who ' Khali, with all 1 con
venient speed, proceed -together to lay
down the boundary line In accordance
"with the decision of - the' majority of
the Tribunal. I recommend that the
Congress make adequate provision for
the appointment, . compensation, and
expenses of the members to .serve on
this Joint boundary commission on the
part of the: United mates. .
Claims Against Venezuela.
, It will be v remembered that , 'during j
A TEXAS VOn DER
IIAI.IS i GREAT DlfjCOVJlT.
- One small bottle of the Texas Won
der, Hall's Great Discovery, cures all
kidney and bladder troubles, removes j
gTaveL cures diabetes, seminal emis
sions, weak and. lame backs rheuma
tism and all Irregularities .of the kid
neys and bladder In both i3n sod. wo
men, reirulates Wadder'trouMe In, chil
dren.' If not- 'sold y your' druggist.
vill be irtt by mail on ;. receipt of
Oae smnll bottle is two fnonriis, treat
ment Dr. KmOvJ tlaU; cole rvuiu
facturer,. P. O. Wit $&. St.' Iau's, Mo.
SU-tuV for' testimonials. by ' all
drusni-sts ' and r. . S. C. StoOe's - li u
Stores. ; . ' , , v ' . . . -;
';;; ;- RKAp Tltta; , .;.;, -
To Whom It May Concert.
This is to rei ti't' thflt l wrf down j
for nine" months with Jciflriey and l.lsd.
der trouble ... an ; trlM all known rem- I
edles- to' no n'aiiUiMlil jj tne'shborl tn-;
lti5?d ; nn - to " t-,- ? ;btti?'r of Texsi
tfooder, on:-luif ' C hl?X cured me
.sftwm tA .T.-cj jWV't wojild. cbMt'fat
bf swMf.'to. arirl- fofpi TeHHfft-f those
who : n rrf a 13 etc4. itlid . '.?1rcagi to be
permanently, nyrrtl, tliy. -' cttn; obtain a
Itwtlhr at! ini !h''3e,'loiKt?d' on West
Ulli street. Yours truly, J. 'CALK. ;
" aiedford. OregTja.
THE
your iildhoor huiuo thta
Aaalataat Oeaeral Passenger Arest,
roHTuno, OKBOOX.
Qreenbaum
Sa!em Oregon.
the second session of the la.vt; Coiiirns
CTreat Britain. Germuiiy, iiivd It.ily
formed an alii an c-w for the purjo-' of
blockading tre' Torts of Veiv-xu1a. ttnl
using such other m'anS of pressure an
would secure a settlement of r.iiin.s
due, as the- alljred. to ct haJn of 'their
subjects. Tlielr einploj-tn:nt of forc
for the collction of .tlcs? ilaitns a
terminated by an agTc-vment broturitt
atout through tlve otrices if the dttl
matte repreKenUitlves of the L"nili
States at Caracas and the Go-nunnt
at 'WaRhinston, then by t-nvlliirf a situ
ation which was bound to cause In
creasing friction,, and whih "ov.rl
eT the peace of the- continent- Under
this agreement Venezuela aril to
set apart a oertain percentage of th
customs rccelpta c two of hr ports to
be applied to the payment of luitv eT
obligations might be ascertain'! by
mixed commt4sions appointed for tint
purpose to be due from her, not only
to the three powers already rtK-ntioiv-U.
whose proceedings against her had r
suited in a. -'State of war. but also to
the United States. France. Spain, Bel
gium, tho Netherlands, Sweden a4t
Norway, and Mexico, who had not
employed tforce for the colllectlon f
the claims alleged to be due to certain
of their citizens.
-A demand. 'was then made by the so
called blockading- powers that tlie
sums ascertained to be due to their
citizens by such mixed commission
should be aocordod payment in full
before anything- was paid upon th
claims of any of ' the so-callled pence-powers.-
Venezuela, on the other hand.
Insisted that all her creditors shoul l
be paid upon a basis of exact equality.
During- the efforts to adjust this dis
pute it was suggested, by the powers
In Interest that it should be referred
to me ; for decision, but I was cletriy
of the opinion that a far wiser cours"
would be-to submit the question to
the Permanent Court of Arbitration at
The llWuc. It seemed to me to offer an
admlrableNWportunity to arlvanco tbr
practice of the peaceful settlement tif
disputes between nations and to -''
cure for Ui Hague Tribunal a me
morable increase of lis practical Im
portance. The ui.ations interested
t he controversy wen so numerous and
in .many Instances so "powf-rful as t'
mak it evident tliat beneficent results
would follow from their apjcarance a-t
the same time- befere the bar of that
august tribunal of i
Our hopes In that regwrd have ,bi.-:
realised. Itusla nd Austria art? rep
resented In the persons of the loam'!
ml dslstingulsht-d jurists who coining
the Tribunal. ;whlle Great UHtain.
Cprmany,. France. Spain, Italy. n
tfiym..the ' N'ctherls wte, Sweden a:rt
Norway. MeiicoT' Uie 'United Srt.
nd Venezuela are iepncs.ent.-d by ua-ir
respective -aaents an.1- cotn:rL
Vfl'impon- comourfc of natnns fr
- (CJiitaiuc4 ou TaS )
I