THE-: MESSAGE-
President Roosevelt Sends to congress ills Rec
ommendations and Statement
Condition-It Is One
lie Treats! of the Trusts and Savs Thev Mast opit n.
Separates tbe Tariff f red the
n.M.utuaj a ucpfinacni or
ui muur acq lazmai.
I
(From .Wednesday' Dally.)
To the Senate and House of Repre-
sen tat Ives; - . - T
-We1 StlU continue In a period of un
bounded prosperity. This prosperity is
not the creature Of law, but undoubted-
ly the la ws under'whlch we work have
. bet7 Instrumental In creatine the con
dltlons which made It possible, and by
unwise legislation It would be easy
enough to destroy It. There will un
doubtedly be' periods of depression.
The wave will recede; but the tide will
advances This Nation. Is seated on a
continent flanked by two great oceans.
Jt is compojM.il of men the descendants
of pioneers,! or, : in a sense, pioneers
themselves; iof men winnowed out from
among the nations of the Old World
by th; energy, boldness, and Jove of
adventure found in their own eager
hearts. Such a nation, so placed, will
surely wrest success from fortune.
As a people we have played a large
part 1 n ' the world, and we are bent
upon making our future even larger
than the past. In . particular, . the
events of the last four years have def
initely decided that, for woe or for
weal, our place must be great among
the nations. J We may either fall great
ly or succeed greatly; but we cannot
avoid the endeavor from ;whlch either
great failure or great success must
come. , j.ven u we wouia, we cannot
play a small part. If We should try;
all that would follow would be that we
should play a large part Ignobly and
shamefully.
The Gospel of .flope.
But our people, the sons of the- men
of the Civil (War, the sons of the men
who had Iron in their blood." rejoice in
the present land face the future high
of heart and resolute of wIlL Ours. Is
- not the creed of the weakling and the
coward; ours is the gospel of hope and
of triumphant endeavpr. We dd not
shrink' from the struggle before . us.
' Thore are many problems for us to
face at the outset of the twentieth cen
tury grave problems abroad and still
graver at home; but we know that we
can solve them and solve, them well,
provided only that we bring to the so
lution the qualitlesof head "and heart
which were i shown ; by. the, .men.who..
In the days of Washington, founded
this Government, and. Iff the days of
Lincoln, preserved tt. '
The Country Prosperous.
No country has ever occupied a high
er plane of; material well-being than
ours at tho-present moment. This well
being is due fo no sudden or accidental
causes, but to the play of the economic
forces In this country for over a cen
tury; to our laws, our sustained arid
continued policies; ? above all, to r the
high individual average of our citizen
ship. Great fortunes have- been fwon
by , those who have taken the lead In
this" phenomenal Industrial develop
ment, and most of these fortunes have
, been won not by?dolng evlli but as an
Incident to action whlchthas benefited
the community as a whole..- Never be-e
fore has material well-being beenrrso
widely diffused among our people.
Great fortunes have been accumulated,
and yet In the aggregate these fortunes
are small Indeed when compared to the
.... rtt Ih, nonnlff am a whole. The
plain peopl are better off than they
have ever been before The insurance
companies, which are practically mu
tual benefit! societies especially help
ful to men of moderate means repre
sent accumulations of capital which are
among the iargesj in thls country.
There are more deposits In the savings
banks, more owners of farms, more
well-paid wage-workers In this country
now than ever before In our history.
Of course.- when the conditions have
favored the! growth of so much that
was good, they have also favored some
what the growth of what was evil- It
Is eminently necessary that we should
1 endeavor to cut out this evil, but let
us keep a due sense of proportion; let
us hot In fixing our gaze upon the lesser
evil forget the greater good. The evils
' are real and some of them are menac
ing, but they are the outgrowth, not of
misery or decadence," of. prosperity
-of the progress ofour gigantic In
dustrial development. This industrial
development must not be checked, out
side by side with s It shou d go such
progressive regulation as will diminish
the evUs. We should fall in
if we did not try to-rernedy the evil
-Koii .,i,.ed only If we proceed
patiently, with practical common sense
as well asiresolutloiv aeparatlngthe
good from the bad and holding on to
the former 1 while endeavoring to. get
rid of the latter.
- Regulate the Trusts. v
' In my Message to the Pff8"1,0":
gres. at its first session I
: length the question of the r
those big corporations commonly doing
an Interstate business, often with some
tendency to monopoly, which are pop
ularly known as trusts, ' Tn"fT
once cf the. past year 'JfPJ
In my opinion, the desirability 0 T the
steps I then proposed. A f ""amenta!
requisite of social efficiency Is a high
standard of individual energy and ex
cellence; but this Is In no wise Incon
sistent -with power to act in combin
ation for alms which cannot so ell oe
- achieved by . the Individual , alone.
A fundamental base . of -civilization
is ! the inviolability ot
property; ' hat this Is In no w se In
consistent; with the right of ocltr
regulate the exercise of the tIflclai
powers which It confers upon the awry
ers of property, under the name or cor
porate franchises, In such ft way as j to
prevent the misuse of these powers.
Corporations, and especially comblna-
-tlcns of corporations, should be
aged under-public regulation. Expe
rience has shown that under our sys
tem of government the necessary '"P'f
vision cannot be obtained by atate ac
mmi
BE :NAH0N
of the Ablest of State
Great Capitalistic Conblnatlons,
commerce, act! Speaks of Rela-
tion. It must therefore be achieved by
national action. Our aim Is not to doH
away with corporations: on! the con
incse Dig aggregations are an
inevitable development of modern In
dustrialism, and the effort to destroy
mem ? wouia be futile : unless accom
plished in Ways that would , work , the
utmost mischief- to the entire body
pontic, we can do nothing of good
in the way of regulating and supervis
ing these corporations until, we fix
clearly in our minds that we are not
attacking the corporations, but endeav
oring tojdo away with any evil In them.
We are not Jiostlle. to them; we are
meiJj-tsW&d that they shall be
so -nanaied as to subserve the public
gooq. we draw the line against mis
conduct, not against wealth. The cap
italist who, alone or ! in conjunction
wlthihls fellows, performs some great
Industrial feat by which he wins money
is a welldoer, not a wrongdoer, provide
ed only he works in proper and legiti
mate imes. . we wisn to Tavor such a
man when he does well. We wish' to
supervise and control his actions only
to prevent him from doing ill. Public
ity can do no harm to the honest cor
poration; and we need not be over
tender about sparing the dishonest cor
poration. Do Not Strike Down Wealth.
Injcufbing and regulating the com
binations of capital which are or may
become Injurious to the public we must
be careful not to stop the great enter
prises hieh have legitimately reduced
the costj of-production, not to abandon
the plaee which our country has won
in the leadership of he international
Industrial world, not to strike down
wealth with the result of closing fac
tories nhd mines, of turning ths wage
worker le in'the streets and leaving
the farrner without a market for what
he grow. ; Insistence upon the imposel
ble meahs delay In achieving th possi
ble, exactly as, on the other hand, the
rtubbor i defense alike of what, is food
and what is bad in the existing sys
tem. th resolute effort to obstruct any
attempt at betterment, betrays blind
ness to the historic truth that wise ev
olution Is the sure safeguard against
revolutl n. - " 1
Congress Has.Powsr.
j.jNo more important subject can come
beforeL Congress than this of the reg
ulation of interstate business. This
country cannot afford to sit supine on
the plea that under our peculiar system
of government we are helpless in the
presence of "the new conditions, and
unable to grapple with them or to cut
out wha tever of evil has arisen in con
nection with them. The power of the
Congress to regulate Interstate com
merce b an absolute and : unqualified
grant, and without limitations othar
than those prescribed by the Constitu
tion. The Congress has constitutional
authority to make all laws necessary
and ' proper for executing this power.
And I am satisfied that this powerhas
not been exhausted ;by any legislation
now on the statute books. It Is evident",
therefore, that evils restrictive of com
mercial freedom an8entalllng restraint
upon national commerce fall witi:n
the regulative power of the Congress,
and that a wise and l reasonable law
would be a necessary "and proper ex
ercise of Congressional authority to the
dd that such evils,' should be eradi
cated.; " ' ' ' V ' --r
I believe that monopolies unjust dis
criminations, which prevent or cripple
competition, fraudulent overcapitalisa
tion, and other evils In tipist organisa
tions and practices which Injuriously
affect interstate trade can be prevent
ed under the power of the Congress to
"regulate commerce with foreign -nations
and Lamong the! several states
through regulations and requirements
operating directly -upon such com
merce. the Instrumentalities thereof,
and those engaged therein. .
& 1 earnestly recommend this subject
to the consideration of tne uongresB
with a view to the passage of a law
reasonable In Its provisions and nJ
tlve In Its operations, upan which the
questions can be finally adjudicated
that now raise doubts as to the neces
sity of constitutional amendment. If
it prove impossible to accomplish-tne
purposes above set forth by such & law.
then," assuredly, we should not shrink
from amending the Constitution ro as
to secure beyond peradventure the
power sought. .l'-
The Congress has not heretofore
made any appropriation tor tb
enforctnent of the antitrust law as tt
NURSING MOTHERS,
; A mother's poor health is bad
enough for the mother but
worse still lor mei nursing
baby.
Mothers find Scott's. Emul
sion a nourishing and
strengthening food. If the
breast milk is scanty or thin
Scott's EmulsionAvIll make it
rich and more abundant.
When mothers take Scott's
Emulsion the babies ; share in
the benefits. Thin babies grow
fat Weak babies get strong.
WH r lrttl o try. II yo .
"WEEKLY OREGON STATESMAN,
Eczema
nP TCTTCD i
VII U til xoany varietie
. of that tor
menting disease called Eczema. It slum
ber through the summer and breaks
wui winter. The bead, feet and hands
are the parts most often attacked, thoagh
u sometunes appears on other parts of the
bodr, the skin harden, cracks open and
bleeds, while the itching and burning is
at times almost unbearable. Scratching
only mates it worse, sores and scabs
forming where the skin is broken.
In this form of Eczema brownish white
crusts sometunes
form which scale off SKIM CRACKS
n . fine particles. -.
leavingtbefckinraw AND BLEEDS
and inflamed. It is ,
specially painful and severe when con
fined to the hands, which often become so
badly affected that the sufferer is unable
to perform the lightest work. This, like
all other types of Eczema, is due to acid
poisons in the blood and not to local
causes. The trouble is more' than skia
deep, and washes, soaps, powders and
salves nor anything else applied to the
surface can possibly do more than soothe
the burning and itching or relieve tempo
rarily the inflammation and pain.
It is the acids thrown off by the blood
and which are forcing their way through
the torea that eatK4 thi slrin tr tmnUn
crack and bleed, and produce the irriu
tion and soreness.
S. S. S. neutralizes
these acid poisons
aud cleanses the blood
of all irritating sub
stances and humors
and does it promptly and effectually.
S. S. S. purifies and invigorates the thla
acid blood, and builds up the entire sys
tem; then the unsightly eruption and sores
heal, the skin becomes smooth and soft,
and all signs Of the Eczema disappear.
Our special book on Skin Diseases free.
The Swift Specific Co., Atlanta, 6a. .
now stands. Very much has been dune
by the Department of Justice In secur
ing the enforcement of this law. but
much mnre roulil be rinne . lr Cnnrrt
would make a special appropriation for
this purpose, to be. expended under the
direction of the Attorney -'General.
Tariff Question Separate. j
One proposition advocated has been
the reduction of the tariff as a means
cf reaching the evils of the trusts
which fall within the category I have
described. Not merely would this be
wholly Ineffective, but the diversion of
our efforts in such a direction would
mean the abandonment of all Intelli
gent attempt to do away with these
evils. Many of the largest corporation.
many of -those which should certainly
be included In any proper scheme of
regulation, would not be sffected In the
slightest degree by a charge in the
tariff, save as such change Interfered
with the general prosperity of the
country. The only relation of the tar.
iff to big corporations as a whole Is
that the tariff makes manufactures
profitable .and the tariff remedy pro
posed .would be In effect simply to
make manufactures unprofitable., To
remove the tariff a a punitive measure
directed against trusts would. Inevit
ably result in ruin. to the weaker com
petitors who are struggling, against
them. Our aim should be not by un
wise tariff changes to give foreign pro
ducts the advantage over, domestic
products, but by proper regulation to
give domestic competition a fair
chance; and this end cannot be reached
by any tariff changes which would af
fect unfavorably all domestic compet
itors, good and bad all Ice. The question
of regulation ot the trusts stands apart
from the question of tariff revisions
Protective Principle Right.
Stability of economic policy must
always be the prime economic need of
this country. This stability snouia ni
be fosslltzatlon. The country has ac
quiesced In the wisdom of the protec
tive-tariff principle. It is exceedingly
undesirable that this system should be
destroyed or that thei;e should be vlo
lent and radical changes therein. Our
past experience shows that great pros
perity In thiseountry has always come
under a protective tariff; and that the
country can"0 proPer under fitful
tariff changes at short intervals-.
Moreover. If the tariff laws as a whole
work well, and if buslnea nas prosper
ed under them and Is prospering. It Is
better to endure for a time sllgnt in
conveniences and Inequalities in some
schedules than to upset business by too
quick and too radical changes. It Is
most earnestly to be wished that we
could treat the tariff from the stand-
niint aolelv of our business neeas. n
Is. perhaps, too much to hope that part
nership may be entirely excaea
consideration of the subject, but at
least it can be made secondary to the
business interests of the country that
In. to the interests of our people as a
whole. Unquestionably these business
interests will best be served If together
flltv of orincipie as regaras me
tariff we combine a system which will
n.rmif u from time to time to make
the necessary reappllcation of the prin
ciple to the shifting national needs.
We must take scrupulous care that the
reappllcation shall be made In such a
way that it will not amount to a dls
watton of our system, the mere threat
of which not to speak of the perform
ance) would produce paralysis in me
hiiainess energies of the community.
Tlye first consideration In making these
changes would, of course, be to pre
serve the principle which underlies our
tt-hnl tariff system that I, tne prin
ciple of putting. American business In
terests at least on a iuh equamj wim
Interests abroad, and of always allow
ing a sufficient rate of. duty to more
than cover tne ainerence iwiern
labor cost here and abroad- The well
being of the wage-worker, like the
well being of the tiner or tne soil,
should be treated as an , essefitlal In
shaping our whole economic pouey.
There must never be any change which
will Jeopardise the standard of comfort,
the statfdard of wages of the American
wage-worker.
For Reciprocity.
rw wa In which the readjustment
sought can be reached Js by reciprocity
treaties. It W greatly to oe onr
that such treaties may be adopted.
They can he used to widen our markets
and to give a greater field for the: ac
Uvtties of our producers on the one
- the- other band- to v secure In
practical shape the towering oi auu
when they are no nsrr .nmjni
protection among our own people, or
when the minimum of damage done
may be disregarded for the sake of the
maximum of pood accomplished,,. If It
prove impossible to ratify the pending
Winter
FRIDAY. DECEMBER 5. 1902.
treaties, and If there seem to be no
Warrant, for the endeavor to execute
others, or to amend the pending treaties
so that they can b ratified, then the
same end to secure reciprocity-
should be met by direct legislation,
' A Commission of Experts.
t Wherever the tariff conditions are
such that a needed change can not with
advantage be made by the application
of the reciprocity Idea, then it can be
made outright by & lowering of duties
on a given product. If possible such
change should be made only after the
fullest consideration by practical ex
perts, who should approach the subject
from a business standpoint, having in
view both the particular Interests af
fected and the commercial well-being
of the people as a whole. The machin
ery for provtdingNsuch careful Investi
gation can readily be supplied. The
executive department has already at Its
disposal methods of collecting facts
and figures; and If the Congress de
sires additional consideration to .that
which will be given the subject by Its
own committees, then a commission of
business experts can be appointed
whose duty It should be to recommend
action by the Congress after a deliber
ate end scientific examination of the
various schedules as they are affected
by the changed and changing condi
tions. The unhurried and unbiased re
port of this commission would show
what changes should be made In the !
various schedules, and how far these -
ft-fcanges could go without also chang-'
Ing the great prosperity wWch this
country is now enjoying, or upsetting
Its fixed economic policy. ,
The cases in which the tariff can
produce a monopoly are so few as to '
comititufe an considerable factor In '
the question; but of course If In any I
rase it be found that a given rate ofl
fluty does promote a monopoly which
works ill, no protectionist would ob
ject to such reduction of the duty as
woui;j equalize competition.
Take Off this Tariff.
In my. Judgment, the, tariff on
anthracite coal should be removed, and
anthracite put actually, where It now
is nominally, on the free list. This
VOUl J
have no effect at all save In
crises; but In crises It might be of
rerviee to the people.
' More Bsnk Currency,
Interest rates are a potent factor!: In
bufline activity, and in order that
these rates may be equalized to meet
the varying need of the seasons and
of widely separated communities, .'and
to prevent the recurrence of - financial
stringencies which injuriously affect
legitimate business, it ls necessary that
there should be an element of elasticity
in our monetary system. Banks are
the natural servants of commerce, and
upon them should be placed, as far as
practicable, the burden of furnishing
and rmrinfcjjning a circulation adequate
to supply the needs of our diversified
Industries and of our domestic and for-,
elgn commerce; and the issue of -this
should be so regulated that a sufficient
supply should be always available for
the business Interests of the country.
4 It would be both unwise and, un
necessary at this time to attempt to
reconstruct our financial system, which
has been the growth of a century; but
S.rne additional legislation Is, I think,
desirable. The mere outline of any
-plan sufficiently comprehensive to meet
t)iese "requirements would transgress
the appropriate limits of this 'communi
cation. It Is suggested, however, that
all future legislation on ; the subject
should be with the vier of encourag
ing the use of such Instrumentalities as
will automatically supply every legiti
mate demand of productive Industries
and of commerce, not only in the
amount, but In the- character of cir
culation; and of making all kinds of
money Interchangeable, and, at the will
of the holder, convertible, into the es
tablished gold standard.
Batter Immigration Law.
I again, call your attention to the
need of panning a proper immigration
law. covering the- points outlined in my
Message to you at the first session of
the present Congress; substantially
such a bill has already passed the
House.
Capital and Labor. -
How to secure fair treatment alike
fir. labor and for capital, bow to hold
in check the unscrupulous man. wheth
er employer or employe, without weak
ening . individual initiative, without
hampering and cramping the Industrial
development, of the country, a prob
lem fraught with great difficulties and
one which It Is of the highest -Importance
to solve on lines of sanity and
far-sighted common sense a well 'as of
devotion to the -right. This Is an era
of federation and combination.' Ex
actly as business men find they must
often work through corporations, and
as It la a constant tendency of these
corporations to grow larger, so It is
often necessary ' for laboring men to
work in federations, and these have be
come Important factors of modern I n
Justrial life. Both kinds of federation,
capitalistic and labor, can do much
good, and as a necessary corollary they
can both do evIL Opposition to . each
kind of organization should take the
form of opposition to whatever Is bad
in the conduct of any given corpora
tlon or union not of attacks upon cor
porations as such nor upon unions as
such; for some of the most far-reaching
beneficent work for our people has been
accomplished through both corporations
and unions. Each must' refrain from
arbitrary or1 tyrannous Interference
with the rights) of others. Organized
capital and organized labor alike should
remember that In the- long run the in
terest . of each mast be- brought Into
harmony with the .interest of the gen
eral public; and the conduct of each
most-conform to tre fundamental rules
of obedience to thtr law. of ' individual
freedom, and of justice and fair deal
ing toward all. Each should remenr
ber that In addition to power It must
strive after the realization of healthy,
lofty, and generouaj ideals. Every em
ployer, every wage-worker, must be
guaranteed his liberty and his right to
do as be likes with his property or his
labor so long as he does not infringe :
upon the rights of others. It is of the
higheet Importance that employer and
employe' alike should endeavor to ap
preciate each the Viewpoint of the other
and the sure disaster that will come
upon both la the long run If either ;
grows to take as habitual an attitude
of sour hostility and distrust toward
the other. Few people deserve better
of the country than those representa
tives, both f capita! and labor and
therei Vrei many such who work con
tinualtc'Jo bring about a good under
standing of this kind, based upon wis
dom nJ upon broad and kindly sym
pathy between employers and em-
n
-.It
wuuu ia
DortBg tts bolldsy season, when rood ebei?tryt)ts prersHs. titers Is eotfctn nteev
tntovsUtfessMMMUaasUtUroodwhiskey.sbeileyorptorskusa will uU you It
xceUeat la saany cases of siclraess. Bat yousaost have rood waisisey, purs wfclkT. ou
ooot want to oruk poor whiskey yourself, much toss ofler tt to your Xrteads. wlui as a
medicine, poor whiskey, sdultersted whtiUtey. may do you Jck1il krm. , , ,
HAYKEB WHISKY goem to you direct from our own distillery, with at! Its rrl
riehBesssod flavor, and esniea m O'lTED STATES RK11STFREI DIST1U-KK s
GCABANTCB of FCKITY sad AGE. When you buy liAYN&K WHl--vivEY you the
aormous profl ts of the dealers sad hsve oar ruarsaws Ut your money wul b promptly
refuBded If yea ate not pertecUrsatisaoa wlU tos waisliey sXiertrrlilkTastS tir.Ua titr
VMMMl
: pans cEucn
FGJJBJL.
4
(y)i!JIAu
W will seed yon JOtTR KfU QUART BOTTXE3 of HAYNER"S SEVEN-TTAR-OLD
EYK for Si. oo, express duures paid by us. Try It sad U you don't flod It all rtzbt .
and as good as you ever drink or esa bay from anybody else t any price, send It beck at
our expense ana ue sezi ntu wui Dnng yoe your H na uouii say offer do
t slrerf This offer is backed by a eotnpajiy with a capital of asaxooo iu. paid
la fall. Snd the proad retratalton of M rears of contonuoua suco-. Wefcsve
a quarter ot m snUUosi sstisflea CBStonsers. proviae cooeluslvely thm
owr wDMuiey is au rurst saa that we oo ezacuy as we Mr,
la a plain sealed
wlQ ao marks or brsads to indicate contents.
If yea ess SO Oasrts, er ess jr ef ymr friosds Jota
yea will ta4 yoa So Uiaaxts for f 1U0. tr t relgat prepaid, tku
eevlng 4.00.
CrrP With each four quart order we wOl send free one gold-tipped whiskey
MM glass sad one corkscrew. . U yoa wish to send mu order to a rrieod. as .
a Christmas present, we will enclose with the shipment aa elegant souvenir
caid. with both your names neatly printed thereon.
Writs our nearest pfflea and do tt NOW.
THE IIAYKSn DXSTILLina COMPANY
rr; paui bikm. DArro, ohio st. louis. bo.
m " Siinunr, Tsor, a EnituniD UK,
ployed. Above all. we neel to remem
ber that any kind of class animosity
In the political world is. if possible,
even "more wicked, even more destruc
tive to national welfare, than sectional,
race, or religious animosity. We" Can
get good government only upon condi
tion that we keep true" to the principles
upon which this Nation was founded,
and judge each man ftot "as a part of
a class, but upon his Individual merits.
All that we have a right toask of any
man, rich or' poor, whatever his creed,
his occupation, his birthplace, or his
residence, is that he shall act well and
honorably by his neighbor and by his
country. We are neither for the rich
man as such nor for the poor man as
such; we are for the upright man, rich
or poor. So. far as the constitutional
powers of the National Government
touch these matters of general and
vital moment to the Nation, they
should be exercised in conformity with
the principles above set forth.
. A Secretary of Commerce.
It is earnestly hoped that a secretary
of commerce may be created, w-ith a
soat In the Cabinet. The rapid mul
tiplication of questions affecting' labor
and capital, the growth and complex
ity of the organizations through which
both . labor and capital now find "ex
presslon. the steady tendency toward
the employment of capital in huge cor
porations, and the wonderful" strides of
this country toward leadership in th
international business world Justify an
urgent demand for the creation of such
a position. Substantially all ..the lead
lng- commercial bodies in this country
have united In requesting its creation.
It Is desirable that some such measure
as that which has already passed the
Senate be enacted Into law. The crea
tion of auch a department would in It
self be an advance toward dealingewlth
and exercising supervision over the
whole subject of the great corporations
doing an Interstate business: and with
this end in view, the Congress should
endow the department with large tow
ers, which could be increased as experi
ence might show the need.
Cuban Reciprocity. '
I hope soon to submit to the Senate
a reciprocity treaty with Cuba. On
May. 20th last the United States kept
its promise to the Island by formally
vacating- Cuban noil and turning Cuba
over to those whom her own people had
chosen as theArst officials of the new
Republic;
-Cuba lies at our doors, and whatever
affects her for good or for ill affects
us also. So much have our people felt
this that in the Piatt amendment we
definitely took the ground that Cuba
must hereafter have closer polItJcal re
lations with us than with any other
power. Thus In a sense Cuba! has bfi
come a part of our International poli
tical system. This makes it necessary
that In return she shoulj be gfven some
of the benefits of becoming part of our
economic system. It is. from our stand
point, a short-sighted and mischievous
policy ; to fail to recognize this need.
Moreover, It Is unworthy of & mighty
andj generous nation. Itself the
greatest and most successful republic
In history, to- refuse vto stretch out a
helping hand o a young, and weak sis
ter republic Just entering upon Its ca
reer of independence. .We should al
ways, fearlessly Insist upon our rights
in the face of the strong, and we should
with ungrudging hand do our generous
duty by the weak. I urge the adoption
of reciprocity with Cuba not only be
cause It is eminently for our own In
terests to control the Cuban market
and by every means to foster aur su
premacy in the tropical lands and wa
ters south of us, but also because we,
of the giant republic of the north,
should make all oar sister nations of
the American Continent feel that when
ever they win permit It we desire to
show ourselves disinterestedly and ef
fectively their friend.
Reciprocity with Newfoundland1. ;
T A convention with Great Britain has
been concluded, which will be at once
laid before the Senate for ratification,
providing for reciprocal trade arrange
ments between the United States and
Newfoundland on substantially the
lines of the convention formerly ne
gotiated by the Secretary of State. Mr.
Blaine. I believe reciprocal trsde ilai j
tions will b greatly to the advantage'
of beta countries!. .
The Hague Court.
As civlliziilcn grows warfare C be
comes less and less the normal condi
tion of foreign relations. The last cen
tury has seen a. marked diminution of
wara between civilized power;, wars
m-ith uncivilized powers are largely
mer matters of international police
duty, essential for the welfare of the
w wJ
rt
i t
UC3E8II
- VEnn - cixj tiye'
..531
0 A .00 EXFilEGS
PIIEPAID
bbipmeat made
world. ; Wherever possible; arbitration
or nvr Himllur method shnuM lv em
ployed In lieu of war to settle diftVul-'
tics between civilized iiations.-nltli'Wgh
as yet the" world h.is not progressed
sufficiently to render It poils or
necessarily desirable, to invoke arbitra
tion In every case." The formation at
the International tribunal which sits l
The Hague is an event of good omen
-from which great 'consequence for the
welfare of all mankind m.it- flow. It
is far. bet ter, where jmiss! !!e, to invok
such a- permanent tribunal ih.)ii: l
create special arbitrators for a given
purpose.- .
-It is a matter of -sincere rongrat filia
tion to our counter that the I'nited
States and Mexico should have 'been
tne nrsi 10 use tne gqini onices ot i
Hague Court. This was done lust mm
mer with most satisfactory rt-sults in
the., case of a claim st issueoet ween
u and our sister repubilc." It Is earn
estly to be hoped that this first case
will serve as a. precedent for others, in
which not only the I'nited States but
foreign nations may take advantage of
the machinery already In existence at
The Hague. . i '
The Hawaiian Fire Claims. , t
I-commend to the favorable consider
ation of the Congress the Hawaiian ffte
claims, which were the subject of care
ful Investigation during the last ses
sion.
- The Isthmian Csnsl.
)
ine congress nas wisely provided
that we shall build at once an Isthmian
canal, if possible at Panama. The At
torney (General reports that we can -undoubtedly
acquire good title from the
t. . u i . i
gotlatlons are now pending with Co
lombia to nwure her assent t our
building the canal.. This eannl will b"
one of the greatest engineering fesls
of the twentieth centuryj a greater en
gineering feat than has yet bin" ax.--complinhf-d
during t lie hlxtory of man
kind,. The work should be carried out
as a continuing policy without regird
to change of Administration ; and It .
should be begun under t-lr umstanes
which will make it a. matter of prld -for
all Administrations to rontlnno h.
policy. . s.
TheiCanal 111 be of great benefit if
liiirma. unu ui iinpormnr in ail in.
worMi It will be of S'lvantago to us
ln1ustrlally and also as Improving our
military position. It will lx of l vant
age to the coUntriea of troplrnl Ameri
ca. It Is earnestly to be hoped that all
of these countries will do as some of
them have already done with signal
euecess,,and will invite to thlr sliorea
f-oni irieri mf 1 ri nrnv. hnlr- mal.rl il
contlitiona by recognizing that etal.Illty
and order are the prerequisites of auc
ceksful development. No Independent
nation In America-need have the sJIkLI-,
est fear of sggresslottfrom the ITnlte.r
States. It behooves each one to main-,
tain order within Its -own borders ind
to discharge Its just obligations to for
eigners. When this Is done, they cm
rst assured that, b they strong or
weak, they have nothing to dread from
outside Iniirferettce.H More and more
the Increasing Interdependence, and
complexity of International pJltp-a
and economic relations render it In-
xiimbent on all civilized and orderly
powers to Insist on the proper policing.
of the world, , -
The Philippine Cable.
During' the fall of 1901 a communi
cation was addressed to the Secretary
of State, asking whether permission -;
would be granted by the President to
corporation to Uy a cable from a
point on the California coast to th
Philippine Islands by way of Hawaii.
A statement of conditions or terms
upon which .such corporation w-ou!V?.
undertake to lay and operate a cable
was volunteered.
Inasmuch as the Congress was short
ly to convene, and Pacific cable legis
lation had been the subject of consid
eration by the Congress for several
years, St seemed to me wise to defer
action upon the application nntll the
Congress had first an importunity to
act- The Congress adjourned without
taking any action, leaving the matter
In exactly the same condition In whlth
it stood when the Congress convened.
Meanwhile It appears that the Com
mercial Pacific Cable Company h.-d
promptly proceeded with preparations
for laying Its cable. It also ma d ap
plication to the President for aeV to
and se of soundings taken by the I.
S. S. Nero, for the purpose of discover
ing a practicable route fop a trans
pacific cable, the company iirAr.z th t
with access to these soun.linr it rouM
complete Its -).! tmj h turoxxfr than if
ConcIu-leJon Pag 6.)
'to...,. . ,