WEEKLY OREGON STATESMAN, FRIDAY, JANUARY 5, l$oa
THE WORLD'S GREAT ORGANS
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Tbe English Concert Halt Organs The Freebsrg Org3?i with Its
Marvelous Yox Humana--The Largest Organ
! In the United States!. ! !
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The completion of tbe new; organ in stock ol musical Information In every
ithe Odeon is an InLerestlngr event In line Is inexhaustible, has a peculiar
the musical circles of this city, for It theory well supported by the facts,
adds to tbe already long list of fine In- with regard to the English hall organs,
atruments one .which will take rank His idea as expressed by himself is:
among the JbesL The Odeon organ Is - "The Messiah has built tbe largest
a powerful instrument, having twelve halls and placed In them the largest
stops in the great organ, thirteen In organs tn the world," the popularity
the swell, "seven In the choir, and the of this great -oratorio necessitating
same, number in the pedal, ;with me- large audience rooms and great organs
chanical couplers and accessories by for its proper presentation. Wherever
which any ; desired effect may be at- the English have gone, they have
t lined.- The audience at an organ re- built great halls I and huge organs, in
eltal often wonders, at the manner in order that the "Messiah.." the Cre
which tbe organist produces those' mar- rtlon" and "Elijah" might be given
relous changes of tone which make: with proper effect. The largest organ
the hurtrume&V an orchestra. In itself. f In the world Is to be .found In the
In an Jnstant the instrument passes newest country, foe in Sydney, Au
fro mtbe faint harmonies which are trallaj there Is an Instrument In .'.the
apparently far in the distance, to the ( great town hall which combines every
tremendous musical crash of a great useful appliance known to the organ
orchestra close at hand,1 and between builder's trade, and a greater number
the two extremes there can be had of stops than any other organ. Ia
any every desired variety or quality- culding levers and mechanical combl
of tone, for the skill of the builder hai cations, there are said to be 142
succeeded in imitating in the various stops. It thus slightly exceeds in size
stops of the organ every, Instrument the Albert hall organ, which has four
used in the orchestra and fn combining manuals, 128 stops, and nearly 10,000
them all with harmonious effect. "pipes. -Most of tbe English organs are
Thee marvelous results', so , incom- to be found in balls. The Royal-Al-preheosible
to the unlnitated. are pro- bert hall, .the Crystal Palace, the Al
duced by comparatively simple means.- exandria hall, the! St. George's hall, in
A "stop consists of a single bank of Liverpool, and the town hall of Leeds
pipes, orje for each key; when- the key have very large and effective organs.
Is touched, a complex system of levfers That of the Crystal Palace has sixty
opens & valve which admits a current Ave stops and 4568 pipes, and the
nt air at a high pressure into the pipe, other hall organs;; while differing In
and a musical note Is. produced- There Retail from ithis giant Instrument, are
are stops and "half stops," i the. latter m most respects little, if any, Inferior
consisting of a row of pipes, corres- to It. Some Idea jof the dimensions of
ponding to only a portion Instead of a great instrument may : be gained
the whole of the keyboard. When the from a statement that the Crystal
organ has more than one : manual or Palace organ Is 40 feet In width by
i-t of keys, each keyboard has its own 20 liL-depth, exclusive of the. space
t of stops or banks of pipes. The covered by the, reservoirs or wind
pedals are simply keys, for the feet, chests, and including these, covens a
the scale being the same as that far . space equal to that of a god-sized
the fingers,, and the pedals.; too, have city residence. Tjie great organ of St.
different sets '--at pipes orj stops, of their Paul's of London; has sixty stops, and
own. In addition to the stops of an is considered, by some competent
organ, there la provided (a "mechanical Judges, to be fully equal in every 1m
rlst ration." by which- the different port ant respect, to any of the hall r
rnanual or keyboards are ooupled to- , gans In England.
g:th.-T, no that In an Instant, by draw-j Thef organs of; the continent were
.ing a stop" with Ms fingers or pressing j mostly built In j the days when time
a kver with his -foot, the. organist can , and labor were not considered, when
secure either the full power of tbe; an organ builder took such pride in
Irutrument tr can couple the keyboards , hi work as to spend years ip bring-tK-thr
"to, attain any desired effect. : j ing to perfection an Instrument by
This short -explanation! will make i which be hoped to perpetuate, his fame.
&in tbe bewildering array of stops. -. This is one secrel of the marvelous
levers- and- other appliances which cor--j organ In .'the) German cathedrals.
fif the unmusical spectator, who Whlleoften clumsy In mechanical con
views the organl.t's keyboard desk on struction, - compared with the perfec
tbe 'floor '"-of the Odeon. liut thre la tion of modern instruments, they have
another mystery, for the; orgns In - qualities 'which the modern Builders
the gallery, 20 feet above. 'the organist, have not always been, able to excel,
and people are so accustomed to be-J The' great organ at Haarlem, for In
holding th organist In front of and stance, having sixty-eight stops and
of the late instruments, but none have
40SS pipes, is- rivalled In size by many
surpassed It In tbe marvelous quality
of its combinations of tone. On its
dimensions, this organ Is one -of the
noblest in th world; being 90 feet in
height and 50 in breadth, the pipes s-
almost under his Instrument that they
can not understand. how an organ can
be played . from the -floor jWith the
system employed It could be as easily
played from Fourth street or Forest
Park, for, according to the statements
made by Mr;, Leopold Heerwagen, an
expert in this line of electrical invsn- ing above each other In toners and
tion, the application of electricity to ' presenting a! singularly effective plct
the uses of the organ builder has j nre. ' I j
passed the experimental, stage and Js The great organ In the Church of St.
now an accomplished fact, i The elec- xicholas; in Freiburg, Switzerland, Is
;trlclty Is used only to "transmit the uniqueand famous the world over for
touch of the player into the organ,, possessing a vox humaaia stop in the
where the actual work of supplying j echo organ,, which faithfully Imitates
alr to the pipes Is lone by pneumatic ) the tones ojf the human voice.' The
device - supplied with compressed" air ' instrument ; was built by a famous
from the bellows." j character. Aloise Mooser, and ranks
Behind the organ desk on tbe floor among the largest, having four man
of the Odeon there. is a small cable, re- uals, sixty-four stopar-and 4163 pipes,
sembling an ordinary rope covered ita peculiarity isin the voice stop, al
with coarse cloth. This homely ap-; ready mentioned. There are vox hu-
' pendage comes out of the desk at the ' tnana trtops In abundance In modern
bottom, crawls about the floor for 2 , organs, j but so Inferior are they to
or 3 feet in an apparently aimless wsy. this that builders suspect that the
then runs Into a hole h the waU and r effect of '-, Mooser's masterpiece , must
disappears. It Is anj electric cable, con- ' materially aided by the construc
tainlng over 500 wires, one for each t ion of! the church. Mooser was re
key and two for each stop, and by peatedly solicited to build other or
means of these a perfect connection Is
gans on the same pattern," but alwys
established, between the keyboard and j refused,; and his secret has been faith
every pipe in the Instrument. . f fully kept by the authorities of the
The Odeon organ, therefore, repre- j church. ' for. except the organist, who
ents the perfection of electrical scl- ajso the tuner, no person is permlt
ence as well as of mechanical and mua- te t0 inspect -the interior ' of the or-
nervation and experiment .have been
required to bring the organ to Its pres
ent state of perfection, for the , in
strument Is, as old as Solomon's Tem
ple, which contains an organ with ten
j gan. ' ; - i
For a long time tne great organ in
the Cathedral of Seville was consider
ed not only 4ahe largest, but the most
4erfect- The cathedral has four or
gans, the two principal of which are
pipes that. It is stated on ! rabbinical j on each side of the choir. .The largest
authority; could be heard I for three j or these- has 110 stops and &300 pipes,
miles. It Is no difficult matter to, it a believed that many of the stops,
doubt this staterr.enU. but that the ( however are half stops, ofr, were they
Iirlnciple of the organ was understood fuuf the -number of pipes would be
even before the dsys of Solomon, and nearly : double what it Is. One of the
that a rude form of the Instrument most remarkable features of this or
was known to tbe Assyrians and Egyp- gAn the manner ia which it Is
tlans. Is proved by representations on blown.; A plank platform Is construct
monuments, medals and coins. jed"on the seesaw principle, and ,a
The organ of the Odeon is lone of the tout Spaniard promenade to and
largest in-the city, comparing very f a- fro on this platform, bis weight work
vorably in size with the great double j thlB levers which operate the bel
organ in Shaare Emeth, at the. corner lows At each end of the platform
of Lindell and Vandeventer.lan Instru- which'ls 15 feet In length. Is a pair pt
ment built by a well-knoa-n St. Louis j bellows x3 feet, and these commun
flrm. One peculiarity of this splendM j jeate with five other pairs. Ten tramps
organ is the distance between Its two.' t ana fro- on the seesaw platform fill
aivistonsr these oetng situateu tw , ajj these receptacles am ts tne wina
apart, with the organist's desk, mid
way between the ' two Section The.
largest organ In the city Is that of
Christ Church Cathedral, a New Tdrk
organ, one of the masterpieces of ths
famous Roosevelt, a cousin : of t he?
New Tork governor. Roosevelt was a
wealthy, man,; with nothing- to do, and!
determined to make a reputation as an
organ builder. He succeeded, for some
of the finest organs in the country
came from his factory. "His business,
however, was not a financial success,
and. after losing a great deal of mon
ey, he retired and died shortly after,
a disappointed 'man. The ti Cathedral
organ, like that in the Shaare Emeth.
has the disadv tntage of being divided,'
a fact; which Is recognized i by organ
builders as detrimental. I
-. The Germans and. the English are
pre-eminent In the art of organ build
ing; the former, however, placed their
greatest organs In their churches, the
latter In their halls. Mr. Charles K1V
gen, of this ii city, i a geatleman whose
chests. The Spaniards -has a compar
atively easy time' after the bellows are
once filled, for so ample" are these re
ceftacles that without additional air
they will supply the full organ for
over a quarter of an hour.
There are in this "country several
organs which rank among the largest
(n the world.' The Teat organ of the
f'remohl Temple In Boston has- sev
nty registers," Is W feet wide, of the
same! height, and embrace all the
principal features of the larger or
gans i of Europe. The organ In the
Music hall. Bos ton,, is 60 feet high, has
Hghty-rilne sttopsv atfl required six
years In building. The organ in Trin
ity Church. .New Tork and those In
the First Presbyterian Church and'
the church of the Annunciation, in the
same; city, rank among the largest In
thte 'country. The concert organs In,
Cincinnati and the Chicago Auditori
um are also Instruments of the first
class; thonrj the effect of the latter,
tn spite - t Je fvrt that It has more
mr. . . - - - i -si m it m m . .
WATER, WORKS AND UTAH BATTERY NEAR MANILA. P. I
than 100 stops,., Is- greatly mjuffied by
its surroundings. In view of the ma
ny fine organs that have been built
in the factories of this country, the
United States has reason to be proud
of its record in this respect, .for. the
work of the American builders does
not suffer in any particular by com
parison with that of the most famous
organ-makers of the Old World. V
COMINO HOME TO US.
BUSINESS Of ! E1E CrtY
AXXCAL . MESSAGE OP HATOS CHAS.
' , F. BfSHOF.
The Standing Committees of' the City
Coancil for the Koaalng Year .
. Keeorder Jodsk's Report. ! '
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If must have ' struck the casual
American newspaper reader with
greater force than ever of ' late that
our maritime' commerce is at- the
mercy of the British empire.. fTbe fre
quent dispatches announcing the with
drawal of ocean steamships from the
Atlantic and Pacific to be used In the
transport service of Great Britain can
hardly have failed to Impress upon the
minds of Americans the urgent neces
sity' for some legislation which .will
make us in the near future; indepen-,
dent of the services of the British mer-i
cantile marine in our ocean carrying.
trade. ',
It is probable that the wlthdrawali
of a number of the Atlantic liners will
be less seriously felt at this season
than it would have been In the sprifag
or fall, but even now our exporters are
compelled to pit up with such slow
going and old-fashioned steamers as
the British government may not care
to tltUize In the -South African' trans
port service. ,
The Pacific trade alone Is demand-
ixig the service of all the old-fashioned '
ocean liners the merchants of San1
Francisco, Portland, and Seattle have !
been able to charter, and even' now S
thousands of, tons of freight destined
for Asiatic ports is lying upon the
wharfs of those cities for want of ad
equate shipping facilities. Some of the
faster steamers flying the union Jack
have been ordered home; as .auxiliaries
to the British navy, and It is not un
likely that a trans-Pacific commerce
will be" hampered for a year to come.
Bussia has just entered upon con
tracts for the construction of a dozen
Pacific liners, and Japan within the
last month has launched two vessels
of modern build , to 'compete with the
English and our Pacific - tnail steam
ers. The only evidence we have at
present of an American awakening to
the necessities of ocean commerce are
xMn lnnnnnivmnta that the!
ww : 1
Great Northern Railway Company and j
the Pacific Mall Steamship Company J
have each made, contracts for the con- .
struction of vessels capable of com- J
petlng with the Canadian Pacific liners (
which now ply betfween Vancouver,
Asiatic ports, and Australia. f.. These,
evidences, however, are not sufficient-1
i ..Miin.Us tn ttin . who believe '
1 CIHUUl .uo .w 7" .
. . . .11 1 '
that the American mercsnuie
should be, even in a small degree, com
mensurate- with the tremendous
growth and expansion of our , export;
trade. With this lesson coming home
to us. congress should make a satisfac
tory merchant marine bill urgent busi
ness, and In correcting the ' mistakes
of the past prepare to take advantage
of opportunities now spening to us.
The fairest and surest way to secure .
the construction or? new snips. o
plenty, of them, Is for congress to put
an extra' duty on -all goods Imported
In foreign ships. This would cot no-
body ; anything, excepting . the people
who bring goods to this country In for 4
eign , ships. . ' ' .:.'''' .'' . 1
(From. Daily, Jan, 3d.) j
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The following are some of the matters
heard by the city council of Salem, at
its meeting last night: ' ,!,
THE MAYOR'S MESSAGE.;
Gentlemen .of the Common Council:
It is my duty, as well as my pleasure,
to address you officially upon the
status of municipal-affairs as they pre
sent themselves at the close of the. first
year of the administration in which we
have labored together; and I desire to
preface this message with the expres
sion of my sincere thanks for your
uniform courtesy and helpfulness to
me during that period.
. In my former message I called your
attention to the following estimate of
the public indebtedness: .
Sewer bonds, Dec. 1,1889,
20 years, 5 per cent....V.$ 19,000 00
Bridge bonds, Oct. I, ' 886,
20 years5 per cent. ..... 30,006 00
Bridge bonds, Oct. 8,1890,
20 years, s per cent. ; .... - 20,000 00
Funding bonds, Nov. 2, 1892,
'- 20 years.. 5 per cent...... 20,000 00
Funding bond, Jan. j, 1894,
20 years, 6 per cent ; 60,000 00
Street Imp't, Jan. 1, 1895, .
10 years, 6 per cent 6,181 50
Total bonded debt, Jan. 1,
1899.,.. .. .. .... ....$155,181 50
To this sum we have added
an issue, as follows: Fund- 1
ing bonds, Oct. 2, 1899,
optional 10 years at 4 per
cent interests. . 65,000 00
Placing the bonded debt ! .
of the city Jn. 1, 1900. . .$220,181 50
The estimated floating debt
of the city, Jan. ;i, 1899, I,
reported to. you at the ;.
sum ot $78,045.23, ana
this, with bonded indebt
edness at $155,181.50, made
our aggregate obligation. .$233,826 3
I am pleased to report that this debt
has been reduced during the year just
closed, at the rate of $4191.72: this be
ing accounted for in the following
manner; ' .
Gross indebtedness, Jan. t,
1899, as above stated.. $233,826 73
Bonded debt, "Jan. I, 1900,
$220,181.50, present; float
ing debt, considering con
templated' call of the city t
treasurer, to Juljr l,r 1899,
$9.453 51. making total Jan,
1, 1900.. i. .. .. 229.635 01
j the new charter of the city, saved to
tne county; and to the city as well, the
sum of $2,906.35.
I enter at 3ength upon these details,
because they are of vital .moment in
proving the efficacy and value of the
business system you have steadily appli
ed to the TlilKlif a(Tair in&mztfA tn vnn
' and should be known and appreciated'
. iditc, iiiiu particularly, since your
year's - work ha been handicapped by
the untoward and imperative expense
of an epidemic of small-pox, wiped out
only, after a cost of $2295.20.
"I would suggest the expediency of
remodelling the general license ordin-
vj tiic iu, wiiii 4 view 01 Dcner
.balancing the respective charges on
I certain occupations therein, uow broad-
I 1 at ...'..in.. M .1 :j
laiuuvc, auvi IU piUVlUC-SUCU nCW
i license as will meet the new fixed in
terest charge of $2600 annually, on the
last issue of bonds. The charter af-
. fords ample scope for this, and the de
mands for an increase in the revenue
of the city are specific enough to war
rant any reasonable effort you may
oiaxe in tnis direction.
"'There are many things to engage
your interest in the city's.behalf during
the coming year, thatwill, of necessity,
present themselves as time goes by, and
there can be no oubt'of your prepared
ness to meet and. dispose of - them, to
the . advantage of fifte public; matters
that, under the pressure of other and
larger affairs, could, not be handled in
1899. and Ii wish -JO assure you of my
readiness to assist at all times, in the
thought and expedition you . will give
10 tnese proDiems.. ,:
I 'hope, before the present month ex
pires, to report to you that the pend-
Sig negotiations, for the sale of a block
f land off the west end of Willson
Avenue to the U. S. government, has
been fully and finally closed.
: Regretting that sickness deters me
from meeting: you in your initial ses
sion of 1900, T am, , gentlemen, very"
truly yours, C P. Bishop, niayor. ,-J
THE STANDING COMMITTEES.
Mayor Bishoo has designated the fol- 1
lowing; membership of the standing
committees of the council for the year
igOO: . Si; i-. !. -. ''- - -
Wayr and ' Means. Geo. ' Griswold.
chairman; P; J. Larsen and E. P.
Walker.- .
Ordinances, Alonzo . Gesner, chair
man; Ira .F. Allen and S. A. Riggs.
"Accounts and Current Expenses.
A. B. Buren. chairman; E.1 P. Walker
and Thos- : Borrows. . "
Streets and Public Property .-rS. A.
Riggs, chairman; 'A. B. Buren . and
Thomas Burrows.
, Licenses.-P. J.-Iarsen, chairman;
Alonzo Gesner .and Geo. -Griswold.
' Fire and Water. Ira F. Allen, chair
man; P. J. Larsen and"S. A. Riggs.
Health and Police. Thomas Bur
rows, chairman; A. B. Buren and Geo.
Griswold. ,
Printing. E. P.' Walker; chairman;
S. A. Riggs and P. J. Larsen.
V ANNUAL REPORT.
Vehicle licenses. . . j. .
Show licenses.... .
Miscellaneous licenses
Street assessments, i , .
Miscellaneous receipt?
Total for the year iKy
.Total for te year i8
Difference in favor of
A summary of the
recorder's court for
that cases were .dUpo
Vagrancy 12. disordc
drunk, and disordcrI
makirtg -common rf so
sidewalk 1, resisting
license I, fast, bicyclin
Sunday 3, no lamp on I
to animals 1;. total r
106; fines paid $45 5
$56.50; total $302:, nr
pended 11, days' com
charged 10.
In the justice court
year, a greater amo
was transacted, a sur
gives the foll6wiing: ,
larceny in a store 3!
tery 8, -larceny in a h
larceny from person
cealed weafKins 1,, ass
gerous weapon 2t enp
civil cases' 7, total n .
(criminal 28 and civ
$70, bail forfeited $20,
ceived $270, cases co'
charged 3, justice of p'
constable fees $112.70
Farms fi
287 acres about one .
All In cultivation,
barn, orchard; 4Vater
"1 PH1CB $
I ' ' 1
210 acres adjoining
and mUls OA Willam
ten miles south oc &a.i
vatlon and has house -
PRICK $17.50 P
150 acres; of unimp
two miles down the t
All good land and Ugh
PRICE PE'
Robbed the Grave.
A startling Incident, of whlcji , Mr.
Johri Oliver of Philadelphia, was the
subject, ' narrated by him as follows:
"I -was In a most jdreadfui condition.
My skin was almoeij yeUow; eyes sunk
en,' tongue coated, f ata continually in
back and sides, ho appeUte gradually
growing weaker day .by day. Three
physicians had given me Up. Fortu
nately, a friend advised trying Elec
trioJ Bitters; and t my great ioy .and
surprise, the first bottle made a de
cided improvement,' I continued their
use for three weeks,, and am now a
well man. I know they saved my life,
and robbed the grave of another .vic
tim. ?o one should fail to try them.
Only 60 cts.. guaranteed at Dr.
Stone's drugstores.
Difference to credit of -i
year 1899. ...... ... ......$ 4,i$i 7 j
I desire to congratulate you on the.!
fdrther fact that the city has been kept
sharply within her income, as the fol
lowing figures will testify:
Income from general taxes.. $ 23.104 00
Income from licenses, etc.. . 8.945 34
Total income for year 1809.$ 32,049 34'
Warrant expense, $16,987; : . J
interest, 9.060; total; ex
pense.... . .. ... ......$ 26,04700
Amount within income. , for '
1899 ......$. 6.002 34!
The economic policies jrpu have pur
sued iin -1809, have redounded to the
city's financial gain; in the following
particular's: t ' '
The interest account, by the issue of
the four per cent home4loan bonds,
has been reduced, annually $2,600.
The cost- of hahune the city streets.
under the terras of the hew charter, has
been reduced, annually, 2.90a ,
' The salary account pfT the city has ,
been red aced $1,000. ;
The running expenses. of the city for
1899, 'at $16,987, shows a saving over
the year 1898 a $20,777.39, $3.790-39-
The criminal costs of the city re-
corderS court, have under the aboli
tion of the fee system as provided by.
City Recorder Judah's annual report
is as follows : ,
Warrant Expenditufes 1899.
Jail . , .- . s. . .4 ..$ 395
o!ice..:.. ..I.
Salaries...,.
Fire Department.
Fuel
Streets........ .
Bridges. ... . '
Stationery.,.';.
Board - Prisoners,
Election.... ....
Tax Rebate;
Iegal Services...
Water, . . . .
Lighting.....
Miscellaneous. ...
' '-"l ' &
Totals 1899. . . .
Total, 1898.. .
a
664 50
.... 2514 00
. 3153 86
.... 655 20
.... 947 57
588 08
. . 33 85
4... 08 05
.... 158 40
..... IO 97
..V. - 301 50
.... II 10 26
.... 354 60
.... 2904 13
...$16,987 00
... 20,777 39
Difference in favor of 1899. $ 3.790 39
The aggregate of the warrants
drawn each month for the) year was as
follows: January, $1500.35; February,
$808; March, $1331.19; April, $131673;
May, $1136.03; June, $1441.19; July,
$799-8i; August, $870436 September,
$921.51 ; October., $ 1303-43:. November,
$2147.01 ; December, $3321.70
Cash Recepits 1899
Fines and fees.;. i....$ 622 05
Saloon licenses.... ... .1.... 620000
160 acres of upland
mentioned, AH, good 1
one hundred acres In
ance under timber. 9
spring, water, but no
PRICK $20 PE
eo acres about on.
above. Lievel prairie
ted, except fringe of t
Good house and barn
chard. : 1 :
PRICE $20 PE-
12 acres about thr
from Woodburn. Quo
cultivation. . Hulldlnt.
running water.
PRICE $
178 seres In Wlllsnj
nine miles below Sal
Landing. About slxt
vatlon. NAU fenced. K
' PRICE $12 PB
97 acres about twe
als. Good prairie
tion, and wa'l fenced!
PRICE $15 PI
All the above Ian dp
easy terms of payn
particulars apply to 1
rell, Portland, Oreg
B0Z0RTH B
8ALEM, fJ