IEEiOCFIEEBZ!?JDS:
Facts About Curious
Types of English
I Young V
omen.
The Barmaids Always Young and Al
ways Good Looking: Where They
Come From Their Tacjt wiUi Their
Customers and Admirers What Be
71
comes of Them.
Among the thousands of!
tourists wh
at this sea-
are rushing
into England
son It Is probable that
by far the
largest proportion are go!
tog there for
the first lime and are full
cf eager cu-
riosity, to see whether
or not the
country . anything like
w hat they
to$be. Men
have always Imagined It!
and women usually go to
Europe with
very 1 different anticipations. , The
women go to tee picture galleries aad
churches and to price articles of per
sonal adornment. The men1 go to see
life, and jo leain the foreign methods
ofA painting; town rL The wrmen
have visions of WfUminster Abbey
and Parisian bonnets, while the men
dream of the Moulin Rouge and Monte
Carlo, r i - - : J ...
.The observant man who visits Kng
land for the first time cannot fail to
be lmpref sed byj tw? great English in
stitutions which are absolutely un
known inj this 'country. The first of
these, and the one that wU force it
self upon jhts attention almost as soon
as he land, is um English chimney
pot, a. short slender affair of terracot
ta. whlh turmomts every chimney
throughout the whole length and
breadth o 1 1 he land. If you ask any
builder why them pots are placed on
the chimneys, ho well tel! ycu that
without them the flue would not draw. ;
Tell blm jhat you have r.o such things
in Atneiicia, and yet the chlmn-yi
ilraiv enough, nnl ask hiin if ho
ever triedj a chimney without a pot i n
it, or eviij knew any one else to try It,
and he will reply: "Of courts not. If I
built a "ofe without pots on the chim
neys, no $ne wculcl rent it" The. next
great insjtilut'on, .and the one that
particularly impresses an Amu lean,
is the EiKlioh burmali. Like the
chimney rots, they n-em to be prefer
red to the? Ameiicair style, j because
they are upposetl lo iliuw better, al
though the allegeel reason for empty
ing thaMi jis that they -are more hon-st
Any oiii.- who has had anything to do
with the British 'woi kman. snow that
he makes! a' lifelong fctiidy of j cheating
his employer, ei'.her by "sojning" 'in
tine at the bench or by abstracting
small sums from the mr.tn-y Jrawer.
Keppsrs of public houses think th'it
barmalos are jmoht honest, land they
kno'v thi-t a irvity gill di'aws a ter
taln amount of cuttom and tend to
kep t lie custcin i f that the has.- i
These bat maid are to ba found in
evry gra"lo eff sa!oeu, from th- ..vest
"pubs" in ijhileihtipf-1. when ?n
American would supioe that a n ii.
cd prieflghjUT and profesi'I-n a
lK.uiK.M-r- wuld be mvre ..i propt i;tte.
to the most i xclasive private hotels'
In the West ftad. It Is the same all
over England; and a pietty. barmaid
huj CJterr a A$cd deal to do. with at
tracting the patrons of what are
known as commercial hotels that is.
hotels frenueiitod ty di ummers. It I
an old raying that the hand that pulls
the liter engine goes with the face tnat
hilngs the trade. As a class, barmaid
have two character.r-tks: they are
alwt.ys good looking and always
young. If you. find a woman over
thirty-five in j attendance at an Kng
lish bar, you may rest asturtd that she
is the housekeeper end that It l. the
barmaid's evening1 out. The typical
English- bnrmaid7ias a round facej
strong jeyebrows, a .nrmiy cut mouin;
and very good tf-eh signs of s-x.d
sene. clf- otifol. ;:i Igment of human
natun; and a cheerful disposition. She
is always plainly but neatly dressed,
speaks In a low, well-bred voice, and
hr.sthc happy ftev)ty of being all
thing- to all men.
Where do ell thWe young and prettv
girls come fiotr and h'.w do they hap
pen to t elect such a lrsines an tenl
ing bar? All tanks of life have their
outlets for the. nwt'er piiits. In all
classes there are to be found a cer
tain peicentage of girls who are fond
of life and amusement nnd for whom
home tomfjiU have no attraction.
Th?y ate. bcred to dath with thr mon
otony of sewing and dihwashinar.
.Just as some boys have a craving to
go to I sea irtead of to bufinesr,. so
some 'girls long fcr freer and widvr
life than nursing theit little btothers
and sisters. Girls f the middle classes
who have had the advanlage of a
good 'education usually go upen the
stage if they ate goo'd looking enough:
otherwise they g ir.to business as
rleiks r typewtiteTS, or ewn as
ralesvlc.rif.n in the big stores. 3!rls
1 of thje liwer claseft. who have little
or ncj cducion and have no capital
but their gjod loiks and Jolly opposi
tion, haturally turn to the bar. Some
times! they fare recommended by a
friend already la ihe btnamss; eme
llwcs they know some man who keeps
a "pb" or a betel, and Is willing t-
give k hem a chance Failing any of
thesej opportunities, they advertise, the
usual form being something after this
fashion: . '
Yung girl would like position In
hctelj to learh the bt'sine; willing to
g.i for a time for nothing." '
There Is no necessity to say that it
is In the bar that shi wants employ-
.; ment. SAny; person reading the adver
tipement knws 'hat. If she is good
- lookln and bright, ste w.ll have no
dtfnculty in; gett!ng a chance to try
. her hand :t Ithe ber engines, but ther.
may tye a good deal of luck In the
kind ojf lAnck in which she gets a start.
Aftr si. talk with fhe proprietor, who
tells Her what her duties will be and
what he Is 4llling to pay Jir If h
turns bat wjell. she is probably told to
be on jhand jat a eertaln time and take
her; fli t lessen, and after quite a Jit
tie Bxjng up and many careful finish
Ing torches to her toilet she finds her
self for the! first time behind the bar
of a-piubbic hou9e.
.i ' ' -
A' student of human nature could
find a large supply cf material In ana
lyzing fiirl's eniotioui' during facr
nrst dar behind bar. H Isadm-ay ' ence for any one. Theot di wee
better If she cat. make her first at- fable thine in" ths hu.im-M t. foi- a trf
tempts away from home, so that the
customers will tirange to heri Even
thn she f;ls that every r,e 14 look
Inff at hr. and she cacnt help know
ing that t he men are making remarks
to one another about her, some of
which she hearr enough cf toj mk
her 1 eady to sink through th oor
with shame. If she beg'ns in her own
town, she is soirrtimts ehockeii (to se
men whom she bas .known and res
pected reveal the lowest sde of their
natures durtng ilelr itiu t thi
public house, and she can hardly be
lieve the stories he other girls tell
her about men who he tlu-ugltt WMre
nicdel husbands. Duricg the firH day
t r twi he n.ali no attempt to wait
on customers: but sirplyi watclK-s the
other r iris and their manners towaid
patrons of the- ttveo r.nd learns to
manage the beer engines. ,Tli'ae b-Mr
engines sue a set of ver handles, the
pull bing jccnrnvted with the barrel
in the 3-llitr. The new iii i careful
ly instructed as to the JiTerer.t P'il!s.
which is .'or -titier.i whU h for por
t , Sec. ' There is qt U . a knack In
knowing how long and bw hard to
pull and also In Judging how n.uch
forth a customer will stand.
Having learned the engines. the
next thing is to fcarn how much t)
draw according to what Is &skcd for.
and the various mixture ana tttir
proper proportion. . If a customer
asks for a "glars," that tneans two
penn'orth of bitter ale. If he aks for
beer, he does net mean le ger, but por
ter. If he asks for 'air end 'alf, he
wants half bitter; and half stout. If
wines arc atked for, they are poured
out by the barmaid lc a glass which
holds the exact quantity when - filled
to the brim. Silver mearuics ate use!
for such , drinksl as whi.ky, ?h'.;
amount asked !for, usually thref
renn'orth. being poured ?from th
measuie into a null tumbler instead
of putting the botlle on the bsi'r and
allowing the customer to help himself,
as in America. Thre is no such th'n
as giving two 15 brnt drinks for a
quarter, as here, jtnd drinks aie. thc
same size in all bjars '
It takex a Kit! about a w-ek to let.rn
the prices of the j various drinks and
the nianm r of working the btr en
gines, and it la always part cf her du
ties to kep the bar clean and to see
tliat the stock of lniurs is full. The
mcment she finds the hurply falling
in one of the engine- she calls to tin;
cellar man, , ".'!etige, bitter's olf," an.i
ho immediately puts ci a new barrel
After a girl has n about a week
behind the bar he is usually n-ady to
wait on customers after a fashion, but
it takes a smart girl . at least six
nKnths tu learn the bu-inrrfs that is,
the tricicy of the trade.
Wljlc a girl Is learning, ; and l-fo;e
sh gets to waiting on customers, th
will proljia'oly se enough o convini.-e
her that jthe mere selling' of the drinks
is not everylh'r.g. and that the bar
maid's attitude toward the men wh
patrrzc the place is a matter re
gutting careful study. Tht other giils
will probably inftrm her as to whit
the may expect in the way of conver
sation from the men, end tl'cy w-:ll ad
vise her to look pk-a-sant land turn it
off if anything - unpleas-a.t ia said.
Girls w ho have not been proptrly :
warned of the diff-n-nc; between a
man at home and in front of a bar
have been known to biirg their ca
reer as barmaids to a sude'en end by
flapping f iime customer's! face and
then rushing off to the proprietor in
tears. Barmaids must, be made of
sterrer stuff than that. The great se
cret of success is to judge her ctist.wn
ers, and the principal tMr.g is to study
the regularores and Ut learn tholr fun
ny little ways. Almost all the regulars
have some particular dt ink. such as
gin and bitters, and the barmaid must
know just how much they like and
how to mix it. Ilaing been unce told,
she should never require a econd lea
son from the same customer. Some
nv;n are ofl-ndd if they are asked
what it will be tcday, whie t ihers like
to be waited on as If thy had never
been there belore. Some have cei tain
glasses they faricy, fcnd s-me like the
bat maid to make a pretense of help
ing then; and their friends out of a
certain private N-ttle.
t It is quite tn srt to snow how much
to talk to the various men that come
in and what to say. gome mn the
harma'd must not f 1 eak to unless
they speak to her, no matter how long
lh-y have- known her or how- familiar
they were on their last visit. h me
must be treated very di'iert-ntl under
different conditions. A man will come
in by himtelf and t very Jolly and
familiar if he tindE the barmaid altn
in a hotel bar, and will perhaps even
try to chuck her under the chin. The
same afternoon he will come in with
a frend and wt!I act as if h had
never' seen her before and never spoke
to such a creature in his life. Some
men expect a girl to talk to then: as
if they were her brothers, ethers as if
they were swetbeai ts, while a few,
fortunately a veiy few. i-ak to Iwr
maiJs as if tbt-Y were no better than
they should be.
r An experienccl girl can t el ; from
man's appearance about what he will
exiiect or what he will stand in the
way of familiarity.. She takes no no
tice of his dreas. because that is no
gu!d3 In England, w hera the small
salaried cleiks In the city dress ts well
as the biggest "toffs." Most of the
men are Judged entirely from the'r
conversation. When a man con.es in
for a drink, especiiny if he is alone,
he feels himself obliged to make some
remark to the barmaid, unless she has
'other customers on (hand. The conver
sation usually stfcrts by referring to
some object pjope o the cccaslon.
If it is la race day, for Instance, he
will ask her If be backed the winner,
or something of tht kind. Fron. thia
the conversation a;roost Invarlbly and
rapidly (drifts Into Catteringr remarns
perfonally to Ik; barmaid fctrje!f.
When a man begins to carry this kind
of think too far or gets too pesonl.
. tnt
the girl must nate . "
tim wlthtut cffendinsT m
... ... .
nerhaps by ceiung - "
- . . 1 1. j - 1 a n v
nicely he roust have told it to many
girls before. ; ,- j1;. "ir
It U a great point with a good bar
maid never to, h her talk, with one
customer keep her from giving imra-
Hit. aitention t- a. newcomer
and
muoo w , -
betray the slightest: prefer -
never t
to be compelled to stand and talk to
a man rhe positively Ciallkec. whose
manner or conversatfon t repulsive
or who has Insulted her. A smart girl
will, stand almost anything sooner than
offend a customer, but it soiuetimes
requires great celt control to do it
Married arid elderly men r re, as a rule,
well behaved and are the barmaid's
test friends. They know how to tieat
a woman, and even if their remarks
are somt times a little , bread, and they
occasjonally whisper things wh'cn
they would not care ( to have their
wives bear, it is always done pleas
antly and ihe girl can turn it oft as a
Joke. - 0; .;; .
The tern r cf the barmaid it 1 the
dude, the young fellow who . thinks
every girl is in love with liim. lie bas
no respect for her, and seys the mist
insulting things without the sliKhtest
encouragement. He will icnte In later
with a friend, to whom he has prbba
bl; b-en boasting ' in the meantime,
and he a ill lean over the bar ant
say thirds that make the barmaid
turn scarlet. It Is to thete fellows -.hat
barmaids as a class owe the unsavory
reputation that they have among lh.sj
who do not know them.
If a barmaid meets a customer oat
side she usually speaks to htm or at
least bows, if he is alone, but the mui:
uee her own judgment in such matters.
A man who would be very much of
fended if a 'barmaid did not rccpgnlx:
him on the street w lit n he was a Ion
might be ten 1 times more offended if
she bowed to tlm when he was with a
friend. No barinaVI would recognize
her best friend If he was with another
woman, and the man who has : been
eut under such circumstances usually
takes an early 01 portunlty to drop in j
to the bar and tell the girl that he saw'
her and how .nice she was looking, or
something of that sett, Jut to show
that he appreciated her ta-t.
Lake choi tiK girls, ballet dangers and
others who have left their homes to
make their iving in ihe glare -f pub
lic life, barmaula lave a ery bad
reputation, but cnit f.il ol'serveif axiei
tliat it is largely undeserved. The
girl behind the footlights has no one
t account to for hei time, and is free
to spend her mornings and afternoons
pretty much as. she pleases an-i to
stay out fci late tuprers after the
play. The barmaid must be on dut
before 9 every morn'ng, and must stay
behind the bar until midnight. She is
usually so tired after being on her
feet ail day that she does rot need
any hourkeeiet's m'es to send h;r
directly to led. The enly leisure -she
has is one evening a week and one
day a month. The evening Is a very
ph.irt affpir, fcr sho cannot go out un
til'8 and luitrit Iw lack In the house
before 1.1. Thu day she has to herself
is usually lif-unday, and it doe n't
begin until 1 o cliK.k and sh- must be
bark at 1). Sh-i lias m chance to go
to any of the exhibitions that take
place In the afternoon end seldom b es
the sun except through the windows of
the bar.
In spite of all this the barmaid ' haj
unusual ! opportunities far making ac
quaintances an-i friends. These 'are
usually Of twe very different classes "
those who belong tc her own set, suclf
as the tradesmen that bring stuff to
tho hjtel where t.he Is employed, arid
those whom she L itis acrcts the bar.
Nothing Is taote natural for a man
who has to hang rdimi his hotel' a
good deal than to strike up an 'ac
quaintance witr the barmaid, especi
ally If she is good-loosing If he
rinds her agreeable re may perhaps
venture to ask her to spend her next
evening cut at the Earl's Coutt Exld
biticn, or her com'ng Ssundjy afler
nn In a trip up the Thames, with a
supper at rti hmond. The girl has to
use her own , Judgment in accepting
such invitations, but if she goes and
the man has sens; enough to behave
himself and to .en.emler that - the
only difference bot'fen the girl he is
with and those that he may be accus
tomed to is that this one has to woi k
for a living and tlm'. she is availing
h srtelf of One of tihe few opr rtuni-
lies sue nas ror eif.joyment. ne may
pass some of the pl-isnti-st hours of
his life with her.: There is nothing
abcut her of which be need be asham
ed. She is always net-tly dressed, qui
et and well behaved, liarrnaids have
no earmarks by which they can re
ricked out in a crowd like a':ireses.
and their knewirdge of the world anJ
its ways makes them the most agreo
able companions, alwuyn jolly but nev
er loud or conspicuous.
What beeomes of ill the pretty bar
maids? Ihey get about 13 a week and
their board ar.d Iodg!.g in tha hous,
about twice as much as houee ser
vants, rh-y cannot save a compe
tence of this, and in' I of them l.-av
the buslneai before rniddile age. A sur-
ptising number become insti.l'.ed In
some of thte m deal lit lit cottages at
Shepherd's Bush or I'lackheath. what
Englishmen; cal. "sef'ond establish
menu," usually the outcome of some
of the pleasant, excursions already re
ferred to. It is a natter of public
knowledge that one cf the best known
men in England had i.uch an estab
liftmen t preside over for thiity years
by a barmaid that he lr.et in Wales,
and whose companionship he said hi
enjoyed more than that of all the great
people h had ever met.
Quite a number many small trades
men, or men who keep bstjs of their
own either In small public nous. or
hotels. On account of their business
training and their tsct in managing
and keeping customers thejH make tx
cellent wives for small tradesmen who
need help In the shop. Thy usually
gft along and "save a tit," n ! before
long you will Oral them driving a dog
cart on uday afiernoons and rcung
te the theater occasionally. After ' at
while you ; will hear that jthey are
living In a mat little cottage in the
fubuibs. Instead of ever tbf thop, and
if you happen to ps that way son e
afternoon you will see that
tne n.nos
, w k.w ufa hv t.niiinr on the beer
-e-" " --- ...
nini under tire glare of tne iignts
. .- rn
a. nublie house have found at ast
in
their true ccctipsiion in pushing a
baby carriage under she thade of the
chestnuts on Hsmpstead Heath. "
im bona- on be walls - of
No picture
Louvre In Parts untU " the. artist
the!
. j &r.a. ic rears
, lw4 dR AW
BECOME no mui:
Domestic Animals Revert to Their
Primitive Habits.
The Scourge of Rabbits Where Cats,
Dogs, Pigs and Sheep Have Become
a .Menacing Nuisance.
The notion that, ordinary domestic
anirals. stH-h as horses, cat a dogs,
etc, may multiply so numerously as
to become set lous pests nay; that In
certain parts of the world they have
already done so is sufficiently strik
irg to lend exceptional interest to a
bulletin on the subjeet which will be
included In he forthcoming Year Book
cf the department of agriculture.
It appears that in some western
states wild horses have become a pos
itive : nuisance, and In Iff 7 Nevada
passed a law permitting them to ba
sh t. Retent repoits front Washing
ton are to the effect that "cayuaes" in
that region are ccr.s lot red of so httla
value that they are killed and used as
bait for poisoning wolves and coyotes.
In this connection It is worth mention
ing that in some portions of Australia'
wild horses have multiplied to such an
extent as to consume the rrasa needed
for sheep and other rnlmaJs, and hunt
ers have tecti etoployfd to shoot them.
Houso cats quite ' comn-only run
wild in the r.elghbcrhccd of cities vnd
towns, and under such circumstance j
become pests, picpagating numerous
ly and accomplishlrg a gc-od deal of
deatructfon, says the Chicago Tribune.
IepenrtinK upon foiage for a living,
they do not rer-trlct themselves to rat
aud mice, but rob ihe tanners hen
r osts and attack the wild birds. Of
the latter. Indeed, they kill so rranj
that the decrease Of native feather 1
species in some districts seems to b
largely attributable to tLem.
AVhere eats hae inn wild on is.lat
cd islands their woi k can be more ac
curately apprecltteu. Fcr example,
on Sable Island, oft the enact of Nova
Scotia, they were introduced about
1880 ar.d rapidly exterminated the rab
bits, which had been in iossesion for
at least half a century. In one of the
harbors of Kerguclm Land, a barren
and desolate bit ot antarctic terra
fir ma to the. southeast of the cape of
Good ttpe, cats escaped from ship",
have n.ade themr elves at home on a
little islet known as Cat Island, which
has been long used as a wiuteiing
place for water. Here they live in
holes ir the ground, preying upon sea
birds and their young, and are said
to have developed such extraordinary
ferocity that it is almost impossible
to tame them, even when captured
young. On Aldabra, ?00 miles north
west ef Madagascar, cats have com
pletely exterminated an ir.tercstlnsj
species of rail peculiar to that island,
which, being unable to fly, had no
chance of escape.
Pigs have run wild in some of th?
southern states r.nd also on certain
Islands, where, as . on the Oalaragns,
they were originally Introduced to fur
nish food for crews of vessels in need
of fresh meat. They were, impot ted
Into New Zealand by Captain Cook
about 1770, and soon tecorr.ing will
increased! to a remarkable degree. A
century later wild pigs were so abun
dant in the flax tl-ickets cf the pro
vince of Tarankt. on the North Island,
that a hunter could rhoot fifty in a
fc'ngle day. In one case 25,000 wild
pigs are said to have bene kill d there
by three hunters in lets then two
years. ' j
Sheep and goats when numerous are
liable to cause widespread injur', par
ticularly in forested regions. An In
structive example of the damage don.,
by goats is afforded by St. Hel ni,
which is a mountainous island scarce
ly SO square miles in extent, I In high
est summits reaching an elevation of
r.00 feet. At .the tlm of tts discov
ery, about the beginrlr.g of the six
teenth eintury, it is said to have been
cover d by dense forest; today it is
deecribed as a rocky desert. This
change has been largely biougrht about
by goats first introduced by the I'crt-ugues-i
in 1.M3, and wh'ch multiplied
so fust ahat in 75 years they existed
by thousands, j ,
Browsing cn I ihe young trees nnd
shrubs, they rapidly . brought about
the dee true Ion of the vegetation Which
protected the steep' slope. 'With th-
disapfeatance of the undergrowth be
gan the washing of the soil by tropic
al rains and the destruction of the for
est. Ir 1709 the governor repoi tej
that the limber was rapidly disappear
ing and that the goats should be des
troyed if the forest were to be pre
served. This advice; wsa not heeded,
ard only a cent 11 ry later, in 1M0. an
otb'r pcvi-i nor rerrtetl the total des
truction t f the font by the goats, and
in consequence ir exianre cf tit. 600 in
rn- y.,ar fot th.- importation of fuel
for government use.
The Fanta IJ-irbra islands, off the
cca-t of sotithetc Caiifcrnia, and the
island of Guadalupe, off the Lower
t-aiiforria coast, are utilired as ranges
for goats. AM these Islands are dry
and more or less covered with brush,
but arborescent vegetation is compar
atively scarce. The goats practu al
ly run mil, snd arady esJst in con
siderable numbers On Stnta. Cata
Una, cne of the Santa Barbara group,
wild goat hunting km one of the diver
sions aft rded tcuijists, and Is consid
ered one of the principal attractions
of this popular summer icetrt. As
yet the goats have n-t been on the is
land I a.g enough to cause ary aeilouj
effects cn Ihe vegetation, and the
may never bring about tbe ruin which
has been wtemght on M. Helena. ut
it s scarcely poem.ble for tbe Islands
to be grazed by goats for an Indeftalfa
length f time without serious dam
The common rabbits 01 Europe were
originally Introduced Into Australia
for purposes f spc rt. I They eprcad
over tbe country like a scourge.. So
rat idly did the wu-ilriy . tha in 187S
legislative action for their e est ruction
was begun In South Australia, tnj th-
example was loon fcllowed by. New
6wth Wales), New. Zealand.. Quxns-
land and Tasmania. At s the present
time their range ia Austialia u prob-
s1 sife - -,-. - i f j-. f - A
ably equal in area t that of our! three j
largest states Tvxas, CcJifortda and
Montana. . Millions of dollars hue
been spent for bounties, for poisons,
and various other inethdts of d-st ruc
tion; thousands of miles of rabbi -proof
fences have been built, and hun
dreds if schemes tir destroying the
pests have been suggested, but noth
ing haa yet been found that' will effect
ually exterminate the pest. Natural
enemies, such as cats and other ear
nivcreus aniu-als, have b-en .ntro
duced, and in certain parts r New
Zealand at least l.avo become almas;
as much a pest as the rabbits lh.;y
were intended to MIL
In 1S7 no lrsi thtn rabbits
were destroyed in New Siutli Vales
alor.t, but. despite the efforts of the
government and private Mndowneis,
the rabbits seem to be till Increasing
In the metntlme a gieat industiy has
grown up in ihe exj-rt f rabbit skins.
For the past: five years Ntw Zealand
has been thrppmr rn average of about
15.GO0.0Ce per ar.num, and el nee IS 73 has
exported more than 2MC.oiKI.0iVr. lte
cently canning rabbit meat for exrort
to Hurcpeaa maikts la aisttmlng
larger pronortlens. and gives promise
of devel-ping into an important Indus
try. - '.. j : -
In the attempt to cheek the rabbit
pest n New Zetland, recourse his
been had to he tmpo-tation f natural
enemies, such as ferrets, stoata, 1 an J
weasels. ln the Walrarapa district
some 60c ferrets. jW0 ft 00.1 a anl wea
sels, and SOO cats had been turnej out
previous tc 18s7, and June, 1SSS, Icon
tracts wi-i-s made by the government
for nearly 22.000 1 ferrets, and sevei'aJ
thousand had previously been liber
ated on crown and private lands.
Large', numbers of stoats and weasels
have also been liberated during the
last fifteen years, j
This rost of predatory animals
speedily brought abuot a decrease in
the number of rabbits, but their work
was not confined to rabbits, and soon
game birds and bther species werj
found to be diminishing. The st.at
tni the weasel are) much mote blood
thirsty than the ferret, and the wide
spread destruet.'nri is atttlbutrd to
them rather than tj the latter animal.
New that some of he native birds are
threatened with exierniir.ati.jn. it has
been suggested tc st aa.de an i:ar J
along the; New Ztalani cca't where
the more intereitSng indirerous spe
cies can be kept safe from their ene
mies and saved from complete ex
tinction. Rats and nice are not classed ordi
narily ts domestic animal, and yet
tfcey ar-i such in fact. They share
man's dwelling, subt-lit upon Us f-HHi,
and acc rapt ny hlmwhithersoeer he
gees. Unquestletfiably, they ara
among the gieabtt pets with which
l,e has to contend, an! the tnnoyane
and damage wrhh they occasion are
beyond computation. Tfcey are ubi
quitous, abundant elike in the largest
cities anl on th most distant Islands
of the sea. They have noa-t e n in
tentionally iiitrodu.-ed anywheie, but
have found their way by means of
vessels to all perte of the earth. Small
island 3, populated with i.tts front
wrecks or otherwise, ' are occasionally
overrun cy these snlmais. on tne
Island of Aldab;-a. already mention-td,
rats fairly swarm, and are destruc
tive to the Rigax-tk- native, land tor
toise, eating tbe young t.in.n as they
are hatched, . Sable Island, off the
coast cf Nova Scotia, has suffered
from several plauues of rats, and it is
said that the first tur eilnt ndcr.t of
the light station and h-s men were at
one time threatened with starvath-n
owing tc the inre ads made, on th. ir
stores ty rats.
The - common bt own rat, otherwise
known as the wharf rat rr Norwey
rat, is of Asiatic origin, and until 200
years ago was vr.known in Eut ope or
America. In tbe autumn of 1727 lnig
numbers of , this species entered
Europe by swimming across th Volga
and gaining a foothold in the pr-vv-jinca
of Astrakhan In e.-stern iturtia, spread
westward ovct central Europe. Five
ycajs later they reached England by
veasel from western India. They ar
rived n theeastetn thores of th-i Ur.lt
ed istates about 1775. and by lSf5 were
abundant at reveral -e '.nts en the ra
rinc coat The black rat was th-cc-tnincit
house rat e.f Europe In the
middle ages, and was Introduced nt-
the new world about 1544, cr more than
200 years eat Her than the hou?e rat.
In luerto Rico and some other islands
the blat-k rat has taken to living in
the trowi, cf cocoanut tree, to which
latter it does great Carnage br biting
off the unrip r nuts, upon which rt
fMdS
Similarly, tbe rats In Jamaica are
said to have been driven to thf trees
by the mongoose, which was Intro-du-."i-d
in 1??? for the purpose of e'.e.
troylrg these p-sts of the ugarcan.
Nine Individuals were Imported, four
malm and five females, and they in
cn-ased with such rapidity that they
socn spread to all parts of the island,
even t) the .tops cf the highest moun
tains. As tat-kiilers they surpas- J
expectations, but, as the rodents di
minished, they te-ok to ktlling other
animals. Including ye-ung pigs, kids,
lambs, . kittens, puppies, poultry,
ground-nesting rame birds. llr.ards.
snakes, frogs and land crabs. A'o
they ate bananas, pice-apptes, younf
corn, sweet potatecs, and coeoanuts.
Tims bror long the mongoose pi oved
itself a nuisance far worre than tb-j
enemy It was ir.te-nded to combat.
The destruction by It of land and
fresh water tortoises, and of the errs
of the green turtle ia lamentibl-
though less so than tbe extermination
of Insectivorous birds and reptiles,
which has brought a plague of ticks
and other objectionable bugs. In the
Hawaiian Islands, likewise, the im
ported mongoose bas wiped out the
native birds to a great extent partic
ularly a species of goose that Is i found
only in that group, above an altitude
of 4000 feet, and the peculiar Hawaiian
duck. - ' . ' I -
Up to date the gaint bats familiarly
known as "flying foxes" have not been
Imported into the new world, but, if
Introduced, they would And con
genial habitat in tropical and semi
tropical America, iaad they anient be
come a serious plague in the southern
part of the United States. The genus
to -which they belong'. Includes about
r& . ' m . , .
W:(WDtca, ..wjucji an louna tu uie
' warm latitudes, of the old world, from
1 Madagascar east to Australia and the
!'";
000000000000c
Tbe
Salen) i
Land Office
Is the
Land Office
For
Salero
And
For
All the
Surrounding
Country.
5..-. . Here is where the perils
come to inquire about ferrus
for sale or rent ; about houses
! for sale or rent; about mora
f to loan on real property;
about fire and life and acci
dent insurance. Here pcupi-s
who ha ve real property of aiiy
kind for sale or rent come t
list it. This is the land ex
change for this vicinity. I
is "open house" here all t!
time. "Our "office is in lfs
Statesman buildinp, first Jooe
to the right, up stairs.
SALEM LUIS
01 I lift.
(Succctsors to CI. I. Ftahl & Oo-
OOOOOOOOO GOOD
Bamoan Islands, and north to Iaa,
the Malay archipelago, and aoathnm
Japan. The largest Australian isiira
measures more than five feet frwsa
wingj tip to -wing tip. In that eeustrjr
these creatures live In Immense cteas-
munltles, or "camps," in swamps ass
other ' Inaccessible places. Here tWy
may be seen by thousands. freqseaUjr
crowded so thickly on the trees taat
large branches are broken by their
weight. They fly considerable ells
tances in search of food, sallying fortJa
in flocks about sunset and returalas
to their camps before dawn.
JIn NeW South Wales, and more es
pecially In Queensland, flying fesew
are one of the worst pests of the frsJE.
grower. They are particularly Injsrt
ous to figs, bananas, fteacJies, sal
other soft fruit, and it is estlmatea.
that the damage done to orchards la
the coast district of New South VTsIhs
amounts to many thousands of poua&o
annually. Various .expedients hav
been suggested to protect orchard
from their depredations, but-the taWtt
practical method is to destroy the UaUt
in their camps.'
A few years ago the minister for
mlnea and agriculture for New Koutn
Wales supplied ammunition for this
purpose, and, after considerabls ex
penditure of powder and shot. lOS.C.ff
foxes were destroyed, at a cost -eC
about '30 cents apiece. Wholesale de
struction with dynamite was suggr
ed, and experiments with high espls
slves were made by Ue departmeal C
agriculture. Changes of rrtburlte
gun cotton connected with wires aw
that they could be fired by an electrte
corrent were placed In the branches eff
trees where the bets were securtowie
to roost. The bats carefully avoid-
the trees in which explosives were
hung, and when the charges were firrfi
hone were killed, even among thowe
roosting In neighboring trees.
In vsrious parts of the world dow
tie dogs that run. wild have bereewi
serious pests, devouring sheep and m
other wsya maklns; themselvea a mi
sance. On the Oalapagos islands tfwry
have helped largely to exterminate Umb
gigantic tortoises native to that grewary,
making a habit of waiting for the ext
to hateh and then devouring the bi.r
turtle.
TilC CAKE-WALK.
Miss Angelina In de race,
Te sweat des streamlrt rum
face.
f'he gwlni tet win dat walkln
She gwine ter win dat race, sab?
Her sleeves des hangln' wld ele la.
Er. a Wg blue sash is roun' her rI S
ghe gwine ter win dat walkln' race
Fhe gwine ter win dat race, tul
Miss Angelina, heah my haft'
Too da sweetes gal In all de Ian.
Ed heab'a a rose rum a nice yt ;
mar, ..","'"'--,
Dfct time yoo win de race, ma -
Atlanta Constitute.