THE GATE CITY JOURNAL ASKS FOR MILLIONS TO AID UNEMPLOYED MOTHER JONES IS DEAD Hoover Predicts Crisis Will Be Over in Six Months. t By ELMO SCOTT WATSON Drawing by Ray Walter«. °* tl>e hiterestlug devel- l l opments of tlie celebration t 3% d W . of Christmas in America is the revival of the ancient custom of singing Christmas carols on Christmas eve J H p S h and the increasing observ- * ance of that custom In all parts of the country. Of course, we have always had some Christmas carol Binging, varying In prevalence In different parts of the country and cop- fined mainly to the Christmas exor cises In church and school by the chil dren Just before the holiday. Hut In the hurry and haste of this modern high-speed ago and our departure In many respects from the old forms of observing the day, the sinsflng of carols Is one custom which has been allowed to lapse to a great extent. It Is interesting to note, however, that the Christmas carol Is “staging a come back” and that In places where Its appearance seems all the more •upprlsing because It is In the very center of our modern commercialism. In many of the big department stores In the largo cities, In hotels and In restaurants groups of musicians, dressed In the costumes of Old Eng land, are playing and singing Christ mas carols difflng the week before Christmas. In some of the railroad stations In the big cities hurrying commuters and other railway travel ers are surprised to hear the sound of voices, singing old-fashioned Christ mas carols, pealing out through the cathedral-like spaces of these grent structures and upon pausing for a moment they see that the singing comes from a balcony overlooking the concourse and that It Is a trained 'choir of many voices which is thus adding to the Christmas spirit In evi dence everywhere. The first Christmas carol Is said to be that sung by the heavenly host when the birth of Christ was an nounced to the shepherds. Here Is a description of that singing as told by St. I.uke: "There were In the same country shepherds abiding In the field, keeping watch over their flocks by night. And, lo, the angel of the Lord came upon them, and the glory of the Lord shone round about them; and they were sore afraid. And the angel said unto them. Fear not; for, behold, I bring you good tidings of grent Joy, which shall be to all people. For unto yon Is born this day In the city of David a Savior, which Is Christ the Lord. And this ahall be a sign unto you; ye shall find the babe wrapped In swaddling clothes, lying In a manger. And sud denly there was with the angel a mul- tftdfte of the heavenly host praising God, nnd singing. Glory to God In the highest, and on earth pence, good will toward men.” Probably the practice of singing at Christmas rose In Imitation of this, as the majority of the carols declare the good tidings of great Joy. The word “carol" Itself comes from two Latin words meaning “to sing Joyfully." Or as It was defined long ago In a curious old stanza* land was the occasion of a Joyous “Know you what is a carol? ceremony and the singing of merry 'TIs singing, with praise of God songs, such as the “Boar’s Head" If you praise God and sing not, carol, still sung at Oxford at Christ You utter no carol. mas which goes as follows: If you sing and pr- •» not God, You utter no car«!. “The boar’s head In hand bear I If you praise anything which does not Bedeckt with bays and rosemary; appertain And I pray you, my masters, be merry. To the praise of God, Quot estis In convivlo Though, In singing, you praise, Caput aprl defero You utter no carol.” Reddens laudes Domino! It is a curious fact that the singing of carols, like many of our other “Our steward hath provided this Christmas customs, owes something to In honor of the King of Bliss, n pagan as well as a Christian origin. Which on this day to be served is, The early church found that all pagan In Reginensi Atrio religions celehrnted the birth of a new Caput aprl defero year. The Druids gnthered mistletoe Reddens laudes Domino!" on what is our day of Christmas, the Almost every land has Its own Homans held their saturnalia, the Christmas They are called Persians held ngflcultural ceremonies, Wiogenlleder carols. or Kristlleder In Ger as did the Chinese. many, Noels In France, and carols In Tlteophllus, bishop of Caesnrea, England. In Russia the ancient toward the middle of the Second cen Kolyada songs, once sung to pagan tury, recommended “the observance of gods, now dedicated to the Christian the birthday of our Lord on what day saints, are sung about the streets. soever the 25th of December shall It Is to Austria, however, that we happen.” There follows a definite are Indebted for one of our best statement that the first official carol known of all Christmas songs. For was “Gloria In Excelsls Deo” and the “Silent Night" had Its origin In a year In which It was sung on the new simple pre-Christmas party to which date was 129 A. D. Thus the church a young priest, Joseph Mohr, was In was able to profit from the mood of vited In Oberndorf, near Salsburg, merriment created by the pagans. The Austria, in 1818. At Oberndorf it was spirit of Joy from many religions was the custom shortly before Christmas merged Into that of one. for wandering comedians from the Many high churchmen In the ancient near-by village of Laufen to give times opposed the Introduction of song crude representations of the Christ Into the solemn moments. mas story as recounted In the Bible. No power, however, could stem the A shipowner named Maler Invited tide of Innocent song which had In Joseph Mohr, young assistant priest vaded religious observance. The first who had recently come to the village crusade preached by Urban In 1095 from Snlzburg, to be his guest at a gave Impetus to the troubadour move little party. As a special surprise for ment and the holidays for five cen the priest, Maler arranged for the turies were to resound with the songs comedians from Laufen to stage their of their Inspiration. By 1500 carol festival play at his home. singing was widespread in Europe and The thoughtful hospitality of the was being Introduced Into England. Maler couple nnd the touching sim In the England of today wandering plicity of %e festival play so stirred bands of minstrels or “waits” pre the young priest that Instead of going serve the old customs by going from straightway home he climbed the so- house to house piping Christmas tunes called “Totenlmrg" (mountain of the on reed Instruments and singing dead), overlooking Oberndorf, and carols. It may be this that they sing: stood there In silent meditation. "Wassail, wassail I to our town! The silence of the night, the blink The bowl Is white, and the ale Is ing of the stars, the murmur of the brown; Salzach river all inspired him. Quickly The bowl Is made of the rosemary tree. he descended to his parish house, and And so Is the ale, of the good harlee. late that night the words to “Stllle Little ninld, little maid, tlrl the pin! Naeht" were written. Open the door, nnd let us come In I” The next day he hurried to his Or they may lift up their voices In chum and co-worker, Franz Gruber, this eiiually old carol: village organist and school teacher. “Here us comes a wassailing, under He requested his friend to write the the holly green, music for his song. Happy at this Here ns comes a wandering, so merry opportunity, Gruber composed the to be seen, melody that Is known perhaps to more Good luck good Master Hodgin, nnd people than *nJ other single melody. kind Mistress also, Christmas eve of 1818 came and the And all the Utile children that round priest and the teacher were ready to the table go! offer the the first time. Un Your pockets full of money, your cup fortunately song the for organ of St. Nicola boards full of good cheer, out of commission that night. For A merry Christmas, Gulzzards, nnd a a was moment It seemed as though the Ilappy New Year!” congregation were to be cheated out The poor women and- children also of unique premiere. But Gruber sing carols on the streets and are rnn this to his home and got his gui given cakes by those who listen. Some tar. back To Its Mohr and of the carol singers carry peaked Inn Gruber then accompaniment sang "Stllle Nacht" for terns to light them on their way. The the first time as a duet. bringing In of the Yule log In Eng- | qfi by W estsra N .w .p a p e r U nion.) Washington.—In his second annual message on the state of the Union, President Hoover told congress, In ef fect, that good times are Just around the corner. He enumerated various Indications that the tide has already turned and made clear his belief that a fair de gree of prosperity will have been re stored by summer. To cope with the crisis which exists In the meantime, the President asked congress for an appropriation of from $100,000,000 to $150,000,000 for the ac celeration of public works construc tion in order to give employment to men out of work. Later President Hoover sent to the house a detailed explanation of where and how he would spend the $150,- 000,000 emergency employment fund. Chairman Will Wood of the house appropriations committee Immediately Introduced a bill to carry out the President's recommendations. President Hoover told the house In a letter that speed was the essence of his request; thnt the $150,000,000, to be helpful in the present emergency, must be made available promptly for expenditure during the rest of the present fiscal year, ending June 30. Republican leaders declared their purpose to press for passage of the bill within the next ten days with a view to final nction In the senate be fore Christmas so that the President can begin spending the money. Wood's bill places the fund directly at the disposal of President Hoover. “Our immediate problem,” said the President, “Is the increase of employ ment for the next six months, and new plans which do not produce such Immediate results, or which extend commitments beyond this period, are not warranted." Surveying the finances of the coun try, the President broke the news gently to Income tnx payers that the Income tax reduction allowed on 1929 Incomes cannot be continued on 1930 Incomes, the tax on which will be pay able next year. The rates automat ically revert to the regular levels. Mr. Hoover did not specifically state that the Income tnx reduction Is to be discontinued, but the financial statement he submitted Is clearly based on this assumption. On the basis of the Income tax re duction now In effect, applying to the last six months of 1930 but not to the first six months of 1931, the President calculates that the government will wind up the current fiscal year with a deficit of $180,000,000 Instead of the surplus of $123,000,000 which the treas ury estimated a year ago. Then, as suming that "the temporary tax re duction of last year be discontinued,” the President said that a surplus of only about $30,000,000 Is in sight for the next fiscal year. “Most rigid economy,” the Presi dent added, “is therefore necessary to avoid increase in taxes.” Mr. Hoover recommended thnt the appropriation of between $100,000,000 and $150,000,000 be made distributable upon recommendation of a cabinet committee approved by the President. With that amount available, the Presi dent said It would be possible to ex pend a total of $050,000,000 upon con struction of nil kinds in the next 12 months. At the instnnee of the administra tion, Senator Otis F. Glenn (Rep., 111.), member of the senate appropria tions committee, Immediately Intro duced a bill providing for the appro priation of $150,000,000 as the emer gency unemployment fund requested by the President Principal Events of the Week Assembled for Information of Our Readers. Mary “Mother” Jones. Washington.—Mary “Mother" Jones, militant crusader for the rights of the laboring man, died at her home n nearby Maryland. She was 100 years old. The celebrated labor lender, who had championed the cause of the work ing man for 60 years, succumbed to the ravages of old age only after her dea‘ * had been expected a number of tlim > during the lust year. The body was shipped to Mount Olive, III., where she was burled among “her boys” who were killed in 1898 In Vlrden mine riots. FRENCH CABINET IS DOOMED TO DEFEAT Tardieu Loses in G reat Fight to Remain at the Helm. Paris.—Amid an uproar not heard in the halls of the senatorial palace for years, Premier Andre Tardieu’s sec ond cabinet went down to defeat by a margin of eight votes, when the senate voted on an order of the day Implying mistrust in the government. The young premier, who went down smil ing and fighting to the bitter end, had previously posed a question of confi dence against that procedure. The actual vote was 147 to 139. It was the fourth time in the history of the third republic the senate had forced a government to resign instead of the chamber of deputies. Premier Tardieu did not wait to hear the vote, for he had left the building a few seconds before, grimly grinding Ids teeth on his famous ciga rette holder, realizing that all was lost despite his vigorous fight and the sup port of his prpdeeessor, Raymond Poincare, who almost turned the tide of battle. The premier and Ids colleagues vis ited President Doumergue at the Ely- see palace and presented the resigna tion of the entire cabinet. The overthrow of the Tardieu gov ernment creates the most serious gov ernmental crisis in many years, and, coming on the heels of a month of fu tile bickering between the chamber of deputy groups, threatens gravely to discredit the parlimentaly regime. It is generally admitted that M. Poincare Is the only man who can hold the “wild horses” in parliament together, but the ageing “savior” of France insists his health will not per mit him to return to power, and stead fastly resists all efforts to draft him. Loyola University Bans Intercollegiate Football Iowa Girl, Missouri Boy, Chicago.—Loyola university has Healthiest in 4-H Club abandoned intercollegiate football and Otis, Mass.—Four hunters perished and six were burned and wounded by- exploding shells when a camp in which 14 men were housed was destroyed by fire near here. The dead were Otto Rlttner and Joseph Gennlv of New Britain, Conn., and Thomas Hill and Daniel Reilly of Shelton, Conn. Chicago.—Blue eyes, flaxen hair cut In boyish bob, a sweet, modest smile, a blue sailor dress, complete the picture of Marian E. Syndergaard, fifteen years old, of Grundy county, Iowa, winner of the national health club con test of the 4-H club. She was the winner in a group of 20 girls from all parts of the United States, examined by nurses, dentists and doctors at the McCormick Me morial Institute. The 4-H club held Its ninth annual congress In Chicago and 1,400 members were here, each a winner In local contests. Fifteen boys also contested, and the high score here was made by William E. Bodenhamer, twenty years old, of Johnson county, Missouri. It was a close contest and the doc tors had to look over their candidates several times. Marian's score was 99.7 and William got 98.7. Marian is a senior in high school and is the seventh child in a family of eight, her parents being of Danish blood. W ant A rm y S urgeo n E xecuted B rokers W ho F ailed S ent to P rison will confine Itself to Intramural con tests on the gridiron. President Rob ert M. Kelley, S. J., announced. The school built and dedicated this year a fine new stadium. Father Kelley stat ed that “It is our belief that the In terest and appeal of these spectacu lar football games are getting away from the colleges and universities and are being centered on the public; or, In other words, the colleges nnd uni versities are competing with enter tainment agencies for the patronage of the amusement-seeking public.” Four Hunters Die When Forest Shack Is Burned Kansas City. Kan.—Government at torneys announced they would ask the death penalty for MaJ. Charles A. Shepard, fifty-nine, army surgeon, on trial In the Federal court on charges of killing his wife. F arm W om an K ills H u .b sn d , Self OREGON STATE NEWS OF GENERAL INTEREST St. Louis.—William and Fred Young, investment brokers, who failed In March for approximately $2,300,000, were sentenced by Fvderal Judge C. B. Karls to serve six years each In Leav enworth prison for using the malls to defraud. Allegan, Mich.—Ed Niekling, forty, E nds C aban M artial Law was shot and killed by his wife, Havana.—Martial law which was llaude. thirty-five, who killed herself, put Into effect before the recent Cuban on a farm near here. She used a shot elections, was ended by decree of gun and lred eight shots. President Machado. The Clatsop county cranberry crop fell far below normal this season. The estimated crop for the county is 6400 bushels as compared with 13,000 last year. Banking conditions In southern Ore gon are In better shape at this time than for many months, according to A. A. Schramm, state superintendent of banks. Out of approximately 146 miles of market road outlined by the Marion county court two years ago as Its five- year program, 77 miles have been completed. The total net indebtedness of Ore gon and its political subdivisions ou July 1 this year was $185,643,456.88, says a report prepared by State Treas urer Kay. Fire starting after midnight in the basement of the Mint cafe in Klamath Falls damaged several buildings in the block, with the total loss estimat ed at $20,000. Lawrence Pippin, 47, fireman’s help er, was suffocated when he fell head first into a sawdust bin at a sawmill in Klamath Falls. He was not missed for 15 minutes. Two does were killed when an au tomobile driven by Henry Menth of Bend crashed into a herd of five black- tails. The deer were turned over to Sheriff McCauley. Thieves entered the Clatskanle high school and stole 15 typewriters, two adding machines, and personal effects of teachers and students. The loss Is estimated at $2000. A 2-year-old Aberdeen-Angus bull, owned by D. E. Alexander, Klamath Falls, won third place In the breeding cattle division of the national live stock show at Chicago. Frank R. Neil, 63, native of Jackson ville, was killed Instantly when his shotgun discharged while he was crawling through a barb wire fence on his ranch near Butte Falls. Sleighing is ideal in Pine valley— Just enough snow to make the roads fine for sleighs or cars. With the thermometer around zero the young people are thoroughly enjoying them selves. Roy Hise of Eugene has been award ed $2250 in a suit against the city of North Bend for personal Injuries. In 1928 Hise drove his automobile off a North Bend dock in a dense fog while passing through the city. Fire believed to be of incendiary origin destroyed the old sawmill of Cobbs-Mitcbell company at Falls City. The loss is estimated at $75,000, part ly covered by insurance. The mill had been idle eight years. Marion county will pay about $4000 more for transporting high school stu dents this year than last. There are 758 pupils, and at the rate of $40 each the total cost will be $30,320. The cost last year was $26,000. Alfalfa grange is the third grange organization in Deschutes county to protest against the proposed removal of County Agricultural Agent McDon ald. The other two granges protesting are Pine Forest and Eastern Star. TH E MARKETS Portland Wheat — Big Bend bluestem, 81c; soft white, western white, 69c; hard winter, northern spring, western red, 67c. Hay—Buying price, f. o. b. Portland: Alfalfa, $18@18.50; valley timothy, $17.60; eastern Oregon timothy, $190 $20; clover, 14; oat hay, $14; oats and vetch, $13.50014. Butterfat—28030c. Eggs—Ranch, 18©30c. Cattle—Steers, good, $8 0 8.50. Hogs—Good to choice, $909.25. Lambs—Good to choice, $6.50 0 7.00 Seattle Wheat—Soft white, western white, northern spring, hard winter, western red, 70c; bluestem, 79c. Eggs—Ranch, 22©38c. Butterfat—33c. Cattle—Choice steers, $7.2508.25. Hogs—Good to choice, $909.25. Lambs—Choice, $5.5006.50. Spokane Cattle—Steers, good, $707.25. Hogs—Good to choice, $8.7508.85, Lambs—Medium to good.$5©6. Our position on channel swimming, as recreation, remains as formerly: Anyone healthy enough to try I* healthy enough not to have to. Something else that does the ner vous system no good is watching a four-year-old maneuver a large piece of currant jelly onto a small segment of cracker. A working girl listing her living ex penses in a western paper puts down $22 a year fir chewing gum. For $22 you could start a chicle orchard In your yard. if you must convince youc» „ .r, try some ordinary tobacco- in an old pipe- Note result in chalk on the bottom of your left shoe. Then try some ordinary tobacco in your favorite pipe. Note on other shoe. Finally, try some Sir Walter Raleigh smoking tobacco in any good pipe. You won’t have to note it any - 1 where, fir you’ll notice with the very first puff how much cooler and milder it is. It stays so, right down to the last puff in the bowl— rich, mellow and fragrant. Your regular tobacco-, nist has Sir Walter, of course. T ry * tin — today. B S IR W A L T E R RALEIGH I T ’S 15 / —and milder D ried P ears 10c, A pricots 15c, P runes 5o per pound. Money refunded if n o t satis- fled. N. E. Jacobson. H ollister. Calif. MULTNOMAH HOTEL 4tk and Ploe—Portland, Ora. A Hotel irAere vou are iri’tceme R oom -bath $2.00 u p Fireproof PARK ER’S H A IR BALSAM Remove. r-uidruff-Stop. Hair Felling Impart. Color and Beauty to Gray and Faded Heir 60c and SI .00 at Druggist.. Higeor Chem- Wl».. Patchogue.N-Y. FLORESTON SHAM POO - Ideal for use in connection with Parker*. Hair Balsam. Makea the hrur goft and fluffy. 60 cen t, by mail or at drug- Ciata. Uiacox Chemical Work«, ¡‘atchogue, N.Y. Dog G iven H onor Chinook, famous sled dog which died on the Byrd expedition, lias been honored In New Hampshire, his home state. The road from Tamwortb to Wonalancet has been officially desig nated as Chinook trail. Blessings of poverty are imagin ary. To have enough and not too much is the best condition. M other of Four Babies •‘Although I am only 22 years old, I have four babies to care for. Before my first baby was bom my mother urged me to take Lydia E. Pinkham’s Vegetable Compound because I was so terribly weak. I had to lie down four or five times a day. After three bottles I could feel a great improvement. I still take the Vegetable Compound whenever I need it for it gives me strength to be a good mother to my family.”—Mrs. Vem L Dennings, 510 Johnson freer, Saginaw, Michigan. Lydia E. Pinkham’s Vegetable Compound I »Jit E Pinkham Med. C* , L*nn. \1as%>