□crm »- ^ « m AROUND THE B FARM y v - Xz <— / >* C O A S T -T O -C O A HARDWARE & ELECTRIC >; — F IN E tractor and an accident. Testing hay or forage for silage for moisture content has been one of the problems that only experience could help for the most part up to this time. Even then it was only an educated guess that prevailed unless one wished to go to the slow and ac­ curate oven drying process, and farmers haven’t had the right kind of equipment for that either. Now Agricultural Marketing Ser­ vice researchers, working in cooper­ ation with the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station have developed a usable field device for testing for­ age quickly. At its present stage of development it is not suitable for testing the low level of moisture pre­ sent in hay that will keep properly when stored, but at least some pro­ gress is being made. County livestock producers Ron Hein, and Mr. and Mrs. Don Mc­ Pherson, Scappoose; Elmer Loyd, Deer Island, and Jim Moran, Ver­ nonia, along with the author of this column, attended the annual beef cattle day last Friday on the Oregon State University campus. Stockmen heard Dr. Jack Miller, head of the Animal Science depart­ ment give a summary of research work being conducted and specific reports from a number of research workers. Some of tlic current eco­ nomics of the beef industry were reported by Dr. G. E. Korzan. Fac­ tors involving beef importation were considered in this discussion. Calf scours, discussed by Dean Smith, head of the OSU diag­ nostic laboratory, proved to be of considerable interest to most stock- men in view of current calf losses in Oregon from this malady. Smith indicated a variety of causes for calf scours including umblical in­ fections, parasites, n u t r i t i o n a l , unbalances, conditions favoring white muscle disease, and probably other unknown factors. Calves from older cows general­ ly had less trouble than those from heifers, indicated Smith. Treating calves with a saline drip and an anti-biotic on two consecutive days haa been partially effective in com­ bating the disease condition if started early enough. However, Smith cited mis-use of antibiotics as one of the problems connected with tlie situation. In previous years printed sum­ maries of the reports given at the annual beef cattle day have been made available. We assume that the same will be done this year. Stockmen wishing copies should ad­ vise the extension office. Why do changes come so fast in some (Mirts of our world? Perhaps it has some relationship to the fact that recent figures indicate that while population doubles every 4« to 50 years, tlx* knowledge and ef­ fects of science and technology double in every eight to ten years It hits been estimated that 70 percent of all scientists who ever lived are now alive anil contribut­ ing to world knowledge. Because it involves a Columbia county fanner, we beleieve the fol­ lowing item, from the "Oregon For­ est Farmer" and written by Char­ lie Boss, OSU forestry specialist, expresses a worthwhile idea. "Art Paschelke, a member of the Columbia County Farm Forestry Committee, owns a woodland in Columbia county. Art retired List year from tiis job as a transformer specialist with the Bonneville Pow­ er Administration, and is now con­ centrating on his tree farm. His Contrary to what most folks are activities are varied. After the1 Co­ apt to think, safety specialists now lumbus Day storm he worker on indicate that a sideways upset of a salvage logging. He operates a tractor is more conunon than a back­ brush control All along he thins ward upset In addition, several and point's his juvenile Douglas-fir years study by the specialists indi­ stands. He was pruning when I\>n cate that nearly half of all tractor Walrod and 1 met him recently in accidents occur in the farm yard, Colun-bia county. We asked Art farm lane, or on a public highway. box retirement was working out. Apparently tlx* high speed capabili­ He said that he had never been so ties of modern tractors, especially satisfied as he is with his activi­ when not under load, is abused by ties on the tree farm. He belongs many operators to the American Forestry Assoc­ Studies showed that the accident iation anti journeyed to Santa Fe. rate was 40 percent higher than New Mexico to its annual meeting average for farmers over SO years last winter Obviously, tlx* value of age, ami over one-hnif of the vic- of an individal like Art in a counts ims who were thrown or fell from forestry committee is very great i tractor were under 16 y e s» of Fifteen years ago fomx'r extension age. agent. Boland Parker in Roseburg, Apparently there isn’t muct corre­ was urging the idea that many re­ lation between the size amt type of tired men would do well to get into a small woodland acreage and keep active on it helping both them­ selves and conservation " Oernonia Eagle THURSDAY, JULY 2. 1964 , L BRUNSM AN The effect of a lack of a regular fertilizer program on alfalfa is well demonstrated on the fields of the old L. L. Cody farm near Deer Island. This property is now owned by the St. Helens Port Commission and natural fertilizer programs have not been kept going. While the effect is a good demonstration on alfalfa, in general what has happened would also apply to grass and legume mix­ tures. Fields along the highway were limed, fertilized and planted to alfal­ fa in the spring of 1959. At the same time your writer established a scries of plots of various forage species and mixtures. The field was quite suc­ cessful for a time, but now after on­ ly four seasons cropping no alfalfa is to be seen. It is normal for the first cutting to have considerable grass and, of course, according to recommenda­ tion, this field had two pounds of S-143 orchard grass planted along with the alfalfa. Generally there will be little grass in the second and successive cuttings. Whether there will be any alfalfa for a second cut­ ting remains to be seen. In our estimation one of the most important management factors pre­ venting growers from realizing the full potential of alfalfa is the lack of annual fertilizer programs to maintain needed fertility. What ferti­ lizers will be needed will vary great­ ly from field to field and from urea to area. All alfalfa fields, as well as other legume fields, in this county and over most of Western Oregon will need annual applications of sul­ phur and boron. As a rule our sods are low in phosphorus unless gener­ ous applications have been made on the previous crop as is common with strawberries. Potassium is apt to be deficient in most areas, although the need is variable, ami In a few cases, such as the Nehalem Valley river bottom land, is quite adequate at present. When plant food deficiencies occur, both the yield and the quality of the forage art* reduced—and quite often this reduction goes unnoticed by the grower. Such losses are a direct re­ duction in profit that might have been made. Nutrient deficiencies of alfalfa show up as slow regrowth after cut­ ting, a premature dropping of lower leaves, a weakened root system, and a greater susceptibility to winter in­ jury. By the time that deficiency symp­ toms are evident, the grower is al­ ready taking a considerable loss. In the case of potassium, white to yel­ lowish spots appear on the outer edges of the leaves. As the deficiency increases there may be some margi­ nal burning of the leaf which finally withers ami dies. These symptoms are more apt to show on the second and later cuttings than on thv first. Boron deficiency symptoms are generally quite noticeablo at the time of the second ami thin! cuttings in the area by merely driving by. The leaves at the top of the plant turn yellow and may even have a reddish tinge (’loser examination will show that the whole tip tends to become compressed or shortened Top yields of alfalfa for the area may be five or six tons or even more, but our average probably isn't much better than three tons Realiz­ ing that a four-ton per acre crop of alfalfa removes about 40 pounds of phosphate and nearly 200 pounds of potash, makes it imperative to apply fertilizer annually or have soil tests made at least every other year and supply the plant food materials need ed neoerding to the test 8 « n .m a i. g i m i u . n » - C O A S T TO COAST STOR ES i Don Coin Walrod n m g rT T w rrr» The idea still has merit to our F U R N IT U R E WE D E L IV E R NOW IN PROGRESS 24 FREE < FRIGIDAIRE In ch MOTORIZED BRAZIER M a s te rc ra ft 4" WALL BRUSH (CT0510-5) $4.95 Valu» With 4 G allons o f E x c .lln H o u n P a in ii J if f y Auto WASH BRUSH C o a st- T o -C o a s t • • E x c e lin ” HOUSE PAINT GALLON L in s e e d o il base point requires no prim er. 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