1
VERNONIA EAGLE
Thursday, March 10, 1927
i
ThrM Wise
Mon of Yemen.
supply la so limited that It Is never
seen except among the richest mer
chants of Zeblde, Ibb, Talz and Sanaa.
The commonest kind Is Moquarl, which
grows In the district of Maketra,
about four days' camel ride from
Aden, and most of the 2,500 camel
loads of khat which reach Ader in
the course of a year is of this variety.
Khat cultivation Is simple. The
plant bears neither flowers nor seeds,
but is grown from cuttings. After the
farmer has flooded his field till the
soil has absorbed Its utmost of witer,
be covers it with goat droppings and
allows It to “ripen” for a few days.
Then be buries the cuttings In shallow
boles from 4 to 6 feet apart, with
space enougb between the rows for
pickers to pass. But the Yemen cow
and the sad-eyed camel, whose maw is
never filled, have a nice taste In khat
cuttings, and to discourage these ma
rauders the former covers each hill
wttb thorn twigs and spiny cactus
leaves. Sometimes he trains one of
the half-wild dogs which Infest the
village to guard that particular field.
At tbe end of a year the young
shrubs are two feet high with a thick
ly spread green foliage 18 Indies In
diameter. Behold now the farmer go
ing out Into the dawn of each morning
to gaze at his field and the sky In the
hope of seeing the portents of harvest
time. - On a morning the air Is thick
with bulbuls, sparrows, weaver birds,
shrilly clamoring. They rise and fall
upon his plants, picking at the tender-
est leaves. “Allah be praised I" cries
the simple farmer, “the leaves are
sweet and ripe for the market."
And now he calls his women and the
wives of his neighbors to the crop
picking. Under a bower of jasmine
vines, with plumes of the sweet-smell
ing rehan In their turbans, the farmer
and his cronies gather to drink klshar
from tiny cups and smoke the hubbuk,
while the womenfolk bring them arm
fuls of the freshly cut khat leaves.
Whet a Joyous time it Is for all the
village; for always the farmer dis
tributes tbe whole of his first crop
among his neighbors,
Tbe khat plant grows from 5 to 12
feet in height and then it stops. As
the foliage thickens,
the lurger
branches are pruned out to prevent
crowding, and when the plant is six
teen years old the top usually dies. It
is cut off about a foot above tbe
ground, and from the stump new
shoots spring out and the plant la re
born.
Marketing In Aden.
In Aden the arrival of the khat
camels is looked forward to ar the
chief dally event. When they arrive,
about noon, the market Is filled with a
restless, yelling mob. Bedlam has
broken loose, but it Is a merry, good-
natured bedlam.
After the khat Is weighed on the
government scales and duly taxed. It
la divided into bundles the thickneea
of a man's forearm. Then the sellers
mount tables and auction It off.
' In an hour the place Is all bu*. de
serted and the foot-marked, earthen
floor littered with debris. Now -out
the venders of firewood and all the
despised castes, like scavengers, to
buy the refuse for a few pice. But
out In the streets may bo seen hun
dreds happily wending homeward, a
bundle of tbe precious leaves under
each arm, their jaws working and
tlielr eyes full of a delicious content.
It Is close on to noon, end you will not
see them again until after two o'clock.
Contrary to tbe general opinio«,
khat is never used as a beverage la
the Yemen, but the fresh leave*- are
Invariably chewed.
The youngest
leaves are the best.
They have a
sweetish, slightly astringent taste, not
unpleasant to the European palate,
but certainly not alluring. When
brewed, they lose moot of their
strength and the flavor of the decoc
Along tbe steep, terraced elopes of
tion is much like that of grapevine
the mountains between Tais end “cigarettes."
Tarim you will And tbe smell planta-
Just what la the exact toxic "ffect
tloao of tbe khat farmer. Not till you
of kbat on the human system has
have cilmbed nearly 4.000 feet will
never yet been ascertained. It 1« cer
you see tbe first one. end when yoe
tainly a stimulant with a lively and
roach <000 feet you will have pt seed
nearly immediate effect upon the
the lese
brain and nerve eells; the gloomiest
Varieties and Cultivation.
Bekkari is the sweetest of all khat man becomes cheerful under Its Influ-
.
•ad by far the moot expensive The eace tbe must enervated active.
(Prepared by the NatUnal Geographic
Society. Washington. D. C.)
EMEN, an Independent country
of Arabia, across the lower end
of the narrow Red sea from the
Italian colony of Eritrea, is the
latest land to ontor Into treaty rela
tions with Italy. As a result the likeli
hood la seen of ths peaceful penetra
tion of southwestern Arabia by Ital
ian Influence.
This rsitn, like all other parts of
Arabia, was under at least nominal
Turkish control before the great war;
but since it has constituted an Ima
mate, under the rule of the Arab Imam
Yahya ben Muhammad ben Hamid al
Din, who rules from 8abla. Yemen
has the distinction and the flood for
tune to be one of the few parts of
Arable that are of arrlcultural Impor
tance. Under a stable government It
would have an Important commercial
future. The British protectorate of
Aden la one of the chief outlets for Its
produce.
Yemen's American fame rests prin
cipally upon the familiar name of an
almost deserted city, Mocha, through
which coffee no longer comes, where
debris clutters ths streets, where only
mosques remain intact.
Coffee still Is a major crop of Ye
men, but It is exported largely through
Hodelda, and in even greater quantity
via Adon, pert of the British pro
tectorate to the south, which today Is
the commercial neck of the Red sea
bottle.
Order coffee tn Yemen, however, and
you will not repeat the experiment.
For the Arabians of coffee-land pre
fer the husks to the berries, and the
brow therefrom has been compared to
hot barley water. To the occidental
mind this concoction affords neither
■avor or stimulus The Yemenite looks
elsewhere for a stimulant—to khat.
The world knows almost nothing
about kbat. Our scientific books are
nearly silent on the subject. Travel
ers who ought to hsve observed Its
uses write from heressy and usually
With the most amazing Ignorance.
There are even Europeans In the Ye
men, whose servsnts have chewed khat
every day of their Ilves, with so little
knowledge of native life and customs
that after years of residence they
ask: “Why, what is khat? We never
board of it." Yet no Yemen event is
complete without Its presence, and no
Yemen Arab—man, woman or child—
pa sees a day If he can help It without
the aid of at least a few leaves of they*
precious kbat.
Khat Is Their Stimulant.
When the European la weary be
calls for alcohol to revive him; when
be la joyful he takes wine, that he
nay have more jey. In like manner
the Chinese woos bls “white lady,"
tbe poppy flower, the Indian cbews
bhang,
and
the
West
African
seeks eureease tn kela. Khat is
mere to the Yemen Arab than any
ef these to Its devotees. It is no nar
cotic, wooing sleep, but a stimulant,
tike alcohol. Unlike alcohol, it con
ceals no demon, but a fairy. The
khat eater will tell you that when ho
fotlowe this fairy It takes him Into re
gions overlooking paradise. He calls
tbe plant the "flower of paradise."
Catha edulls. as the plant to known
botanleelly. grows to some extent In
Abyssinia, but It Is cultivated chiefly
la the mountains ef tbe Yemen In
terior behind Aden. The word kbat Is
said to be derived from another Arabic
word, kut, meaning sustenance or re
viving principle, and refers to the
most salient property of tbe plant,
that of exalting the spirits and sup
porting the bodily strength, under ex
traordinary conditions, of one who
aats its leaven The researches of
Albert Beltter of tbe University of
■trassburg, seem to show that Its ac
tive principle is an alkaloid In ths
Carat ef crystals, very bitter and odor-
Y
In the Circuit Court of the State be indenominations of five hundred
dollars ($500) each, bearing in-1
of Oregon For the County of
Columbia
terest at the rate of six per cent i
(6%) per annum, to bear date'
Alma Urie, (Plaintiff,
February 1, 1927, and to mature !
SUMMONS
ten (10) years from date of is-1
vs.
suance,
subject to redemption, how-|
Urie,
Defendant.
Charles H.
ever, at any semi-annual coupon !
To Charles H. Urie:
date at or after one (1) year '
In the name of the State of from date, principal and interest
Oregon you are hereby required payable at the Fiscal Agency of1
to appear and answer the com the State of Oregon in New York
plaint filed against you in the City.
Bids must be unconditional and
above entitled suit on or before «
accompanied by certified check in
the 12th day of March, 1927, and
the amount of $206.00.
if you fail to answer or otherwise
The council reserves the right
appear, the plaintiff will apply to
to reject any or all bids. f
the Court for the relief demanded
D. B. Reasoner,
in the complaint, to-wit: for the
City Recorder. 302
dissolution of the bonds of mat
rimony between plaintiff and
eustsr row *iL-*lLfo»eH«trr
fendent, and for such other
further relief as to the Court
seem just and meet.
lby«NdtialiapateerlN<,ga4aU|btat«arRth->Fahill*: Mb
Service of this summons is made
BIBLE THOUGHT AND PRAYER
upon you by publication thereof // parents will have their children memo-
in pursuance of an order of the rice a Bible selection each raeeb, It will prove
Honorable J. E. Eakin, Judge of a priceless heritage to them in after years.
March 13, 1927
the above entitled Court, made,
HOW TO CONQUER AN ENE
dated and entered on the 25th day
of January, 1927, ordering such MY :—When a man’s ways please
publication in the Vernonia Eagle the Lord, he maketh even his ene-
once each week for six successive mies to be at peace with him. Pro-
weeks, the first publication there- verbs 16: 7.
PRAYER:—O Lord, Thou hast
of being on the 27th day of Jan-
uary, 1927, and the last public- revealed Thyself and taught us to
ation on the 10th day of March, rest in Thee, for Thou hast com
passed us about with songs of de
1927.
J. Mason Dillard, Attorney for liverance.
QUESTIONS AND BIBLE
plaintiff.—Postoffice address
404
ANSWERS
Failing Bldg., Portland, Oregon.
F2LA7 If parents will have their children
memorize the answers in the Bible
Citations, it will prove a priceless
NOTICE OF BOND SALE
heritage to them in after years.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN What cometh when we draw water
that sealed bids will be received
out of the wells of salvation?
by the undersigned until the Lour
Answer, read—Isaiah 12:2, 3.
of 8 o’clock p. m. March, 14, 1927
Among
the
early
vegetables'
and immediately thereafter opened
by the City Council for $4,128.39 which can be started in the house
par value Improvement Bonds of in flats or boxes are: Tomatoes,
the City of Vernonia, Oregon, cabbage, peppers, cauliflower, cel
(Bancroft bonds). Said bonds to ery and lettuce.
n5
»
State Laundry Company
FOR GOOD LAUNDRY WORK
We call and deliver TUESDAYS and
FRIDAYS—Leave orders with S. Wells,
Tailor, Phone MAin 891
Fada
Atwater Kent
Fenner Radio Shop
Sets - Service - Accessories
BATTERY CHARGING
Come in and See Our Line of
Sheet Music
NEW MUSIC EVERY WEEK
Strings and Violin Accessories
hi
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