SUPPLEMENT TO THE TILLAMOOK HEADLIGHT, miles south of the Columbia River Ths tidal area of the bay is 1«^ W(Mrf miles. Five small rivers are tributary to the bay, viz : The Miami, Kelebi, Wilson, Trask and Tillamook. The bay connects with the oceau through a go.M 750ft. wide, at low tide with a maxiniu» low waler depth of «0 fy,t. ||le „ proaches to the bay ate free from rock, or other hidden dangers. Theie is but one channel across the bar. whore direction seaward may vary from aliout noithwest to Hiulhwest, and there I* rarely less than 10 fr et minimum depth at low waler. Coasting vessels, diaw. mg 14 feet, reach Ilol>sonvi|lr, „ Rhlirt distance inside the entrance. Surveys and estimates of cost of improve uient of the Tillamook Bar for securing chairaels across the auiiia of 15 and 20 feet re. -pectively have been made. The est|. unfed cost of obtaining a permanent low water depth of 15 feet being ;»>5,7»U and of 20 feet $1,417,160 The prospects are very favorable for s„.ur. mg an appropriation for improvement if this bar. The government has undertaken and succeeded in o|ieriing up a channel from lloliMiin ille. on Tillamook Bay. to Tills- ims.k City, on lloquvrton Slough, obtaining a least depth of 0 feet at mean nigh tide. OF TILLAMOOK COUNTY. ACountry with Wonder ful Undeveloped Resources. A DAIRYMAN’S PARADISE Twenty Five Billion Feet of Standing Timber Heady to be Manufactured. The Western part of Oregon is the richest ami most developed section of the State, and in the Northern part of this favored region, on the Coast, is situated Tillamook County. Oregon has an area of 95,274- square miles; acontinous water front from the Northern boundary of California to the mouth of the Columbia River, and thence up the Columbia along the northern boundary nearly to its eastern limit; one fifth of the standing Umber of the United States; a climate unequaled by that or any state, and scenery which is surpassed by none. Tillamook County was first visited by white men in the spring of 1851, and is, therefore, a new country. It has a coast line of about sixty miles, has three small harbors besides I illamook Bay, which is naturally one of the best harbors be tween San Francisco Bay and the mouth of the Columbia River, and with the completion of the railroads now building it will become one of the most impor taut ports on the Oregon Coast. There re seven riyers m the county, namely, c Nehalem, Miami, Kelt his, Wilson, ask, Tillamook and Ncstucc'i rivers, 1 ig the banks of which is located S of the richest farming ami timber a,,in the Pacific Northwest LOGGING stant ocean breezes, and the redundancy of clear mountain streams, the average health of the inhabitants must be good. A climate whe.e the average daily range of temperature is less than 13 degrees does not subject the physical organiza tion to such shocks and wrenches as in climates where sudden and marked changes occur. People live with open doors and windows at all seasons. Fires are indeed necessary to remove damp ness and chilliness, but dwellings ate not closed up until the air becomes vitiated as in the east. Outdoor labor is, of course, inteirupted by rain in winter, but is never interrupted by heat or cold in any season. Chills and lever, ague, mala*ia, and typhus are unknown. Ep I SCENE AND A SPECIMEN north and south connecting one end of the county with the other. Branch roads lead from it to the different com- milties to the east and west. There are three wagon roads leading out of the county. One by way of Wilson River to Forest Crove, Ore ; one bv wav of Trask River to North Yamhill, Ore,, and the other by way of the Grande Kunde Indian Reservation to Sheridan, Ore. Schools. The people of Tillamook County ate justlv proud of their public schools. Pro gress has ever been the watchword in all parts df the country. Fifty schools are maintained throughout the county, OE TILLAMOOK ly in the foot hills. Apples are the prin cipal fruit raised, and they naturally «row best in the valleys and loothills away from the Coast, but with proper care and judgment good wholesome apples may be raised in any reasonable location in the county. Crops- The principal crop raised in Tillamook County is hay. Root crops are also raised to some extent as an additional feed for milch cows, and on the river bottoms are raised enormous crops of potatoes. On account of the richness ol most of the land and the abundant moisture, large crops of either hay or burned off the land is valuable princi pally for grazing purposes and may b< bought for from $5 to $15 per acte. Prairie laud may be had for from $20 t< $100 per acre according to location and improvements. River bottom land, which is bv far the most yaluable fot | agricultural purposes, ranges in prices ! from $75jto $250 per acre. Harbors- Tillamook County is] well | supplier! with harbors, there being four along it, coast lir.e, of which Tillamook Bay i, naturally one of the best between Sai Flancisco Bay and the mouth of tin Columbia River. Lands. TuasseTT under three beads, viz., bottom Climate. Happily in this country of nincli tiro. •*r there are splendid locations for nills and factories for its manufacture. The Nehalem Bay can furnish a number >f excellent mill sites, two of which are IOW occupied. At various points on I’illamook Bay are also fine sites for mills and booming grounds, there being very good locations at and near Bay City uid at the bead of the bay. Netaits Bay -au supply several good locations as well Water Power- The nutueroue streams of the county have their sources in the (’oast Range Mountains, and for a considerable p«,r- ion of their length are quite rapid, thus seating a power which will become of uestimable value as the country he roines more thickly populated. These streams never dry up and can, therefore, >e oe|>eiided upon to supply a continu al* and cheap power for creating heat, ight and locomotion. Transportation- he I hu I s of Tillamook County may land, prairie land and lull land. Bottom lands are of three classes, namely, ordinary "creek bottom" with which every farmer is familiar; rivtr bottom which is laud built up by over flow and deposit of sediment ; ami tide lands, being those which are overflowed more or less by salt water. The river bottom is by far the most valuable for agricultural purposes, and can be relied upon to produce from tour to six tons of bay per acre. Lands of this nature con stitute the greater part of the bottom lands ot the county, and is practically inexhaustible. The tidelands produce un immense quantity of tideland grass and are used principally for pasturage lor young slock. Prairie land is of a lighter charactei and must be sustained by fertilizers. Surrounding the vallrvs are ranges ol bench or table land which is most valu able for fruit raising or as grazing land. The hill lands are mostly heavily covered with timber, mid are so exten sivc and so valuable that they insure the future wealth of Tillamook County. The bills in the south part of the county were burnt ovei many years ago, killing the timber, and they ate most valuable for slock raising or as grazing land for goats ami sheep. The surface ol Tillamook County is for the most pad rough. The Coast Range Mountmils pass through the entire east ern part ol I hr county. The northern and southern part ol (he county are billy, while the central padtis compaia- lively level. The northern part is the most heavily timbered section mid l lie southern part Ims the least timber. Mill Sites- TIMBER. THE ideiiiics never assume a dangerous form. Of course there are ailments in Tilla mook and people die here, but pestil ential diseases find little to thrive upon The ocean breezes on the one hand, flic mountain air on the other, perform Na- fare's purifying work in her own per- feet maimer. Highways. The roads iti Tillamook county nrr not surpassed by any in the state. They arc nearly all graveled and are. there- fore, nothing worse than sloppy during the wettest weather, and in summer have very little dust on them. A fine graded and graveled turnpike runs MIAMI LUMBER CO.’S SAW and in addition to the regular work of eight years, there is one school offering lour years of high school work, two ot two years work, and seven offering one year additional work. Tillamook Coun ty is one of the leading counties of the state in educational facilities and inter ; est as was shown bv exhibit at the Lewis <St Clark Centennial in t'J(J5. | MILL ON roots are always assured, ly have no crop f..¡hires. We absolute Prices of Land- Timber land constitutes the greater part ol the land area of the county. This land may he bought from the govern. merit for *2.50 per acre, of which there Fruit. I are many acres yet available to pur- ' chasers, though the best lands are taken. J According to the records of the U. S. Tillamook County does not pretend to be a fruit growing section, but such fruits as apples, plums, cherries, pears, and the smaller fruits, such as raspber ries. blackberries, loganberries, and 96,281 acres of government lands in Tillamook County available for pur chase and homesteading under the Unit ed Slates la jvs . • straw berries bear in abundance.especial- Land Office at Portland, Ore., there are Where the timber has Tillamook County has Imt a limited variety of climate. Owing to the warm Japan current, which washes the Coast of Oregon, our climate is mild the veai round, being cord in summer ami warm in winter There is very little foggy weather, the ocean breezes blowing the fog farther inland. We absolutely have no cvclo,res, hbzzatrls. cloud bursts or droughts, ami very little fret-ring wea tlier. Throughout the summer the re fleshing seabreezes modily the tempera tore, mid prevent it becoming uncoinlor- table. These summer winds me almost universally Irom the northwest. The winter storms me usually Irom the south west. While quite strong at times these winds never reach a sufficient ve Imity to be destructive. There is no nights when one may not sleep comfor tably, and the same weight of clothing mid ol l>ed clothing is used the year through. been cut or BAY. In the northern part of the county is the Nehalem River, which widens out aliout two miles from its mouth into s bay of about one and a half by tw> miles, upon which are fine mill sites and booming grounds. There is about 20.000,000,000 feet B. M. of timbei tributary to this hay. Netarts Bay is surrounded by quite a heavily timbered area, but has no streams of any size emptying into it. Nestucca Bay in the south end of the county, is accessible to small ocean boats There is but little timber tributary to tills Iray, though enough for local needs Tillamook Bay. which is one of the Bear and deer are quite plentiful best liarhors on the Oregon coast, throughout the county. W ¡Ideat, coon, empties into the Pacific Ocean, about 50 mink and otter are also found in goodly numbers, and now and then a panther. On the trays and lakes are found largo flocks of geese, ducks and snipe during the winter months. Pigeon, quail, grouse and pheasant are found in season, thus furnishing game the year round for those w bo delight to bunt. For the more daring and venture-oms hunters, the Seal Rocks opposits ths Netarts beach flurnish exciting sport in the shape of the hundeds of huge sea lions which inhabit them, many of which are as large as a good sized cow Game- Light-House- On Cape Mears, near tire Netarts lieacli, tlie government maintains * first-order light-house, the light '* which is 228 feet above sea level any may lie seen out at sea for a distance of 23 miles. Visitors are welcome during certain hours. and are shown through the building by the attendant in charge. Health fulness- Mineral Springs From the above explanation ol vli inntic conditiona of Tillamook, ii may l>e readily inferred that liealthfirhiess is one of the duel attributes of this favor cd region. Un account of the evenness ol temperature, abuudaut moisture, con * the testar I —- Black of the Mvamonlh aud Miss Sophia Nurdbau Berths Row t.--------- TILLAMOOK On account of the uncertain condition >f the Tillamook Bar, lumlier vessels call >nly at irregular intervals and the de. shipment of the county has been greatly lindered in consequence. However, with he improvement of the bar and the -omplelion of the railroads now building nto the county, Tillamook can lay laiin to having transportation facilities qual to the best in the state, having the dvantage of carriers bv land or sea. file Puciflc Railway & Navigation Co. s pushing with vigor a road connecting Tillamook with Hillsboro on the S.P.R R. This road will run from Hillsboro west town the Nehalem River aud south to Tillamook City. The Astoria & Columbia River R. R. i< also pusliin’g a line from Astoria -outli through Tillamook county along the coast into California. At this date there are also surveyors at work on an electric line from Tillamook Buy up the Wilson River to Portland. This will give Tillamook county three lines, any one of which will bring thousands of people in to tile county for business ventures and to our summer resorts, the popularity of which will grow with leaps and bounds with the advent of railroads. To reach Tillamook take the stage or private rig from either Sheridan, North Yamhill, or Forest Grove, all of which points may be reached by railroad. Another way is by railroad or boat to Astoria, thence by the Sue H. Elmore, a ataunch ocean going steamer, which makes a trip once a week to Tillamook City. TUE tXRlSH HULSE. TRASK RIVER. Are found in different par’s of th» county, the principle ones being located near Ckuverdale called Brooten Mineral 8|rrings. after their discoverer which •re remarkable for their curative pro perties A hotel has recently been erected at these springs for tbe accom modation of the public.