1
CHEW FOODS THORv
cities, although many I”®8
continue to sell entirely by contract or
by special orders to hotels and rest GLADSTONE
CHEWED MEAT
aurants. The farmer, however, will
THIRTY-TWO TIMES—OTHERS
find ready sale for any of the standard
RECOMMEND FIFTY.
varieties. Should basement or cellar
be unavailable, open-air culture may
y u
“”~~““““
be resorted to, although thia method Certain Indigestion Preventative-
EDIBLE MUSHROOMS
GUV ELLIOTT MITCHELL
"Mushroom Growing and Mushroom
Spawn Making” is the title cf a very
interesting bulletin just issued by the
Department of Agriculture. This is
a subject which, to most farmers. it
surrounded by a haze of mystery and
hesitation, owing to the fact that there
are a number of species of mushrooms
which are poisonous.
Determining the Poisonous Fungi.
The first question a man will ask is
"How can 1 tell a toadstool from a
mushroom?" The Department answers
this question by saying that you can
not tell a mushroom from a toadstool
because mushrooms are toadstools.
The general belief is well-nigh univer
sal in this country that the ileshy um
brella-shaped fungi are divided into
two classes—mushrooms, which are
edible, and toadstools, which are poi
sonous. The assumed diTerence does
not exist. All fleshy umbrella-shaped
fungi are toadstools; a number of these
are edible, and commerce applies the
name mushroom; but not a small num
ber of other toadstools are edible, and
a great many of them, probably tho
ITS
• o.iUxuxesuun s«ete
dux Ui littU
w
rtshrt itaatoUtmtM
HEALTH IN
the HOME
COSTS
Preparation of the Beds.
VENTILATOR OF PARISIAN MUSH
ROOM CAVE.
of growing is more difficult owing to
the impossibility of maintaining even
temperatures and controlling the moist
ure of the beds. The various bulletins
Gladstone chewed every mouthful of
meat he ate thirty-two times, but sixty
times is not too often to chew a mouth
ful of solid food, according to a well-
known specialist on stomach diseases,
who declares that it is the one sure
way to avoid indigestion, stomach ana
intestinal troubles.
"Each mouthful should be chewed
from fifteen to sixty seconds, accord
ing to the kind of solids it contains,’
he says. “Every piece should be
ground into fine pulp and thoroughly
mixed with the saliva in the mouth
before it is in a condition to be prop
erly digested. Swallowing should be
a slow, almost formal action, for if a
bite is gulped down even after it has
been well masticated it will cause dis
tress by lodging in the thorax for a
few seconds and bringing on a dull
heaviness in the chest and stomach.
“Some foods should be more thor
oughly masticated than others. For
Instance, beef, veal, mutton—in fact
all heavy foods should be chewed for
at least a minute, while soft cereals,
mushes and well-cooked vegetables
need not be held in the mouth for more
than fifteen seconds before they will
be ready to swallow. All liquids—tea
coffee, milk, wine, water—should be
drunk slowly. Five minutes at least
should be given over to the slow sip
ping of a cup of fluid, whether it is hot
or cold, for a quantity suddenly put
into the stomach is not healthful, and
WORTH
S10
Less Food Well Masticated fur
nishes More Nourishment for Body
—Saliva A Digestive.
Many people who would enjoy mush
rooms added to their menu are de
barred because of the difficulty of ob
taining them except at considerable
expense, and because of unfamiliarity
as to methods of home culture.
Mushrooms are easy to grow, and
beginners are often as successful with
them as are those having an extensive
experience. Aside from preparing the
manure and making up the beds, it is
a clean crop to handle and occupies lit
tle space. The gathering, sorting, pack
ing and marketing of the mushrooms
can be easily taken care of by the wom
en of the household.
Cellars or basement rooms where the
temperature in the winter does not go
below 55 degrees or does not rise above
05 degrees are suitable places for grow
ing mushrooms. It is hardly advisable
to grow them under the living part of
the house, since the odor of the manure
will permeate the dwelling. Stables
that are not too cold in winter are
suitable.
„
The mushroom bed is best prepared
from horse manure that comes from
well-bedded stables. Some straw is de
sirable, but a large percentage Is ob
jectionable and should be removed.
The manure is cured by putting it un
der cover in piles three to four feet deep
and of any length and width. It usu
ally requires from ten to fifteen days to
cure, but should not be put in the beds
or boxes until the temperature has
■
■
.
to get ?
health worth to you
altar the sickness had comet
k
W^w^dyou^^-^-^rth aPound of Cure.»
i‘Au Ounce
Maxwell’« Homemaker Magazine every tn^
.u t^t^ you w“‘ -ver need to be sick or to p^
dOuCWhitbwoMd that be worth to you I
Wouldn’t it be worth tea dollars ?
Ot course it would.
We all know that.
.
adln|f Maxwell’s Homemaker Magazine for one
■
No more—No le^f
HOME
zv /V n ■/ I
r
COSTS
COOKING
104
C m U i « It
•< <*« «tüt
•uren vowm llut «slitti »«d
xiublu
««r
trxxt
«Mbles wf tr«*i peopta »
"
progress. JcMkCB««^
WORTH
T
And Then About Cooking.
You’ve heard the old saying:
....
“Tho Lord sends the food
and the Devil the cooks.’
Good Cooking Contributes to Good Health
As Shakespeare says;
"Let rood digestion wait on „
appetite, and health on both.
Did you ever hear of good digestion waiting on bad cooking ?
And k^Hom^cSmgDe^rtrnert in Maxwell’s Homemaker Magazine is aa «
to the Good
and Good Health!
They’re The Gold Dust Twins that make the wrk of life easy and lead as n
this magazine ON E WHOLE
OK
.IS.
Homemrt«
MmS'ne^noV^wiffi^piror^iX. they are edited w.tb a aet of
AnddUwhaty “ has to*toi to" told in "1 p’im'n.'Wraightforward wav that everybody cu
understand and know just what to do to enjoy Good Cooking anil Good_Health.
When you send your subscription, write your name and post office address n
plainly thnt you wil! be sure it will be entered right, and send with it one Dime or
Five Tw< -Cent Stamps to
COSTS
MAXWELL’S
homemaker magazine ,
1409 FISHER. BUILDING. CHICAGO.
l
son should be more thoroughly masti
cated.”
Chewing food thoroughly accom
plishes the double results cf mincing
it so that the juices of the stomach
can get at the individual particles and
combining it with the saliva, which, in
itself, is a powerful digestive agent.
TIIE FLY AGARIC.
Deadly Poison a-idClos ly Resembles the
Edible Mushroom.
most of them, are not poisonous. Abil
ity to distinguish poisonous varieties
from those that are edible is not eas
fly learned. On the other hand those
who wish to collect fungi for their own
consumption or the market must be
gin by committing to memory the dis
tinguishing marks of a few species.
Until this is done one must not ven
ture to trust to general rules for dis
tinguishing good species from bad.
There is one rule, however, which
should be applied: no one, unless do-
cldedly expert, should collect for eat
ing the buttons, or small, unexpanded
fungi, since in their young condition
it Is often impossible, even for experts,
to recognize what the species is. The
Department of Agriculture has issued
a number of bulletins on mushroom
growing which give certain rules for
determining the difference between the
edible common field mushrooms and
those that are deadly poisonous. This
subject is particularly treated in the
Year Dook for 1897; reprints of this
portion can be obtained from the Divi
Bion of Publications.
The mushroom in commerce is prac
tically the fruit of the mushroom
¡SCENES IN
plant, and not the plant itself. Tho
plant proper is a white or bluish whito
gone
down
to
100
degrees.
A layer
mold—the spawn—that grows in fields
and manure piles. Comparing tho of the more strawy portion of the
mushroom to an apple tree, we have manure is first put on the bottom and
the trunk, branches and leaves buried then thoroughly tramped or pounded
in the ground, leaving only the apples
themselves standing above the ground. down. Succeeding layers are then ap
The toadstool, like the apple, con plied and each packed down until the
tains the means of reproduction—the bed is 10, 13 or 14 inches deep. Cul
apple contains seeds, while the toad tivated mushroom bpawn. used for
stool is filled with microscopic, dust- planting the beds, may be obtained
Mke bodies having the same function as from nearly ar.y seedsman in the form
of dried manure bricks. These should
seeds
be broken up into pieces about 2 inches
Important Crop Abroad.
in diameter, planting each piece in the
Mushrooms are extensively grown in bed 8 to 10 inches apart by making a
Bngland and France, and to a limited suitable hole 2 Inches deep and press
extent in Belgium. Germany and in ing the spawn firmly into it. The hole
many other countries. Paris, however, should then be again filled with the
te the center of commercial production, manure and packed down firmly. The
in the vicinity of that city the culture bed is covered loosely with excelsior or
of mushrooms is now almost entirely straw to retain the moisture and to
Worse Than Welch Rarebit.
Microbes in the water.
Microbes in the air;
Microbes in the pie and cake.
Microbes everywhere;
Laying for us in the cold.
Likewise in the heat;
Every time we draw our breath
Or stop to drink or eat.
In horrid consternation
We vainly try to sleep;
We know that through the casement
The Microbes strive to creep;
Though as creation's mighty lords
We swagger and pretend.
The Microbe is the only ono
Who triumphs in the end.
SOME Ofc' THE GREAT MUSHROOM CAVES OF PARIS.
of the Department of Agriculture on frequently causes an uncomfortable
mushroom growing may be obtained fullness, which, if continued, results in
on application.
a form of indigestion.”
The principal directions of one emi
nent specialist on digestive troubles
TO MAKE PERFECT PORK.
are, in most every case which comes to
him, to eat much less and chew it
Method of Slaughtering Which In more.
sures Wholesome Meat.
Better to Eat Little.
A Kansas City man has discovered
a novel mothod of preparing pork for
the market in a way that will give to
the people a meat which is perfectly
wholesome. Tae theory is advanced
that when a pig is sent to slaughter
every squeal emitted in the process of
slaughter is an audible announcement
of a nervous reaction that effects every
fiber of its body, producing such
changes as will be detrimental to any
one partaking of the flesh. The plan
proposed is to drive the porker up an
incline into a small pen. Just as he
steps in the pen the platform tilts and
runs him down a chute. At the end
of this chute there is a bucket of slop
or mash, or any other pig dellcacv
The animal po .es his snout into the
bucket when his whole head is caught
in a trap and nitrous oxide renders
him unconscious before he has time
to let out even a little squeal. While
• he pig is in this state it is slaughtered
There is no excitement, no squeal and
consequently no thermic changes.
“If the time that can be devoted to a
meal is short," he says, “It would be
well to remember that a small quantity
of nourishing food, properly masti
cated, is more beneficial than a larger
amount poorly chewed and swallowed
in a hurry. The best plan I know is
to leave the table without entirely sat
isfying one's hunger, while another
baked apple or piece of beef would
taste good.
"Dinner being the principal meal of
the day, more solid foods are generally
served, and for that reason alone more
time is required in properly eating it.
A few minutes should be given in tak
ing soup, which can be chewed or swal
lowed like fluids, according to the in
dividual desire. Many persons believe
that milk should always be chewed.
Two-thlrds
“
of the dinner hour,
or longer, it convenient, should
be used in eating meats, veg-
etables, etc.. , _______
and the _____
remainder
of the period given over to the mas*
tlcation of deserts, which, if of pastry
A’o Four Flushing.
The President stands pat on the
American navy. And yet he maintains
that it needs constant revision. Now
let us take the problem home with us
and work it out by the use of a little
midnight Rockefeller.
Kirk’
AMERICAN CROWN
SOAP
•s a green soap, consistency of paste, a petto
cleanser for automobile machinery sod fl
vehicles; will not injure the most higHf"
polished surface. Made from pure vegehUl
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Crown Soap in stock, send us his nameui
address and Ve will see that your wants »g
supplied. Put up in 12^ 25 and 50 lb pails. |
James S. Kirk& Compaq
CHICAGO ILL,
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BRIOLI
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on, In a minuto, to any Bridle;
WORKS INDEPENDENTLY OF THE DRIVING REINS.
Writs tor descriptive circular, free on application, to
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Will Stop toy llnr,e or Money Refunded.
International Harvester Co.
GASOLINE ENGINES
When equipped with an I. H.C. gasoline engine, the farm, the dairy, t*
mill, the threshing machine, or the husker and shredder can be operated mort
economically than with any other power. Farmers who have water to putty
•wood to saw, feed to grind or corn to shell, can do this work at a
cost with I. II. C. enkinee.
The Strenuous Life.
Indeed, Mr. Hurryup. this is so
expected. You embarrass me very
much.”
__ Hurryup (glancing at the clock)
"I’ll give you one minute to recover
from your embarrassment."
H’hco the Stork Flew Down.
"Mama, were you at home when I
was born.”
“No. dear. I was at grandma's in
A PLATE Or THE FINEST EDIBLE MUSHROOMS.
the country."
"Wasn't you awfly s'prised when
ronfined to the underground limestone prevent a too rapid fall of tempera
At the end of about a week you heard about it?”'
quarries or cement mines.
These ture.
eaves are not unlike some of our mines this material Is removed, and the beds
with galleries or halls radiating in are covered with an Inch to an Inch
At the Literary Tea.
every direction Most of these are well and a half of rich loamy soil. In from
Miss Sappho—"And you haven’t
ventilated by shafts, protected at the 6 to 7-weeks mushrooms should begin said
a word about my new poem."
surface by wooden towers. Until re- to appear
Mr. Cholly—"Aw beg you' pawdon—
•ent times the mushroom growers of
Harvesting the Crop
you
know—weally.
Miss
Faris refused to allow visitors to these
Mushrooms are ready to pick about gweat.
eaves, some of which are miles tn the time the gills beneath the umbrella Sappho. I didn't think you could wtte
such a—aw—depth of profundity ”
length—the cultural methods being portions are a bright pink color. The to
—Life.
earefully guarded. Even to-day it is beds should be gone over every day;
— ■
>
not easy to obtain permission to make every mushroom that Is large enough
a casual visit to the mushroom caves. for market should be picked. In pick
Too Mach Yet Not Enough.
The total production of mushrooms tn ing. the mushroom should not be cut off
"What's the matter, Willie." asked
Paris alone in 1901 amounted to more at the root, but by catching It by the grandma. “Did you eat too much
than 10.000.000 pounds *
top and giving it a gentle twist or bend dinner?"
in the United States fresh mush the fruit will come away from the
"Na." sobbed the little fellow "I'm
rooms have only recently been of any ground quite easily.
•
just feeling bad ’cause I didn’t eat
tanpertanee commercially, although
There Is now a good open market for enough W mak,
Ieel <ucoalXur.
they are not growu to any extent fresh mushrooms In a few of the larger lum.”
COMMON MEADOW MUSHROOM.
Edible and Delicious,
or cake, require about half as long a
time as the chewing of meats.
Yho h,ve ’>S°rous exercise
and ait up late should have a fourth
meal at about 11 or 12 o’clock. This
should be the lightest of all.
lnnlTdH
Sh0Uld ** chew*<’ •
bMHne t^Wl th*“ th°"* Dr«l’arpd •>’
. w*!,*** n* or «»sting, for they
are harder to digest, and for that rea
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sizer ; : s* s, s
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_
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