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Ltiterary Seetion.—Tillamook, Oregon, January 25, 1906
THE STATEHOOD QUESTION.
LIKELIHOOD OF THE ADMISSION
OF OKLAHOMA AND INDIAN
TERRITORY.
Dispositlon to Grant Them Statehood
Irrespective of Arizona and New
Mexico—New Congressional Align
ment on Question.
of Oklahoma and Indian Territory.
Difference of opinion does exist as to
whether the two territories should be
admitted as one state or whether
they should be admitted as separate
states, but on the main proposition—
the preparedness of these two terri
tories for statehood—there is little
dissenting opinion. In fact, the pre
vailing view Is that statehood has
already been too long delayed In the
case of Oklahoma and Indian Terri
tory. It is almost disgraceful, well-
informed public men are saying, that
these two progressive territories
should be held back simply becduse
of disagreement as to whether those
unprepared territories, Arizona and
New Mexico, Bhould be admitted. It
is high time, many men declare, for
congress to cut loose from tbe Ari
zona and New Mexico proposition, no
matter what form it may take, and
admit Oklahoma and Indian Territory.
The assembling of congress will
bring new blood in both the House
and Senate. There is promise of a
long and very important session.
New policies are to be discussed and
material changes in existing economic
conditions are to be proposed. Coming
■pon the eve of a congressional elec
tion, tbe session will feel the effects, to
a certain extent, of political consid
erations.
Tbe admission of new states to the
Union will be one of the hold-over
The Royal Crown of England.
questions to occupy the attention of
»he new congress. It appears now “Uneasy is the head that wears tbe
that there will be a decided shifting crown.” Tbe crown of England is a
•f position on tbe statehood problem, costly toy and is better to look upon
some new lights having dawned since than to wear. Around the circle there
statehood .was discussed at the last are twenty diamonds, worth $7,500
session.
*
each, two large center diamonds, $10,-
It is understood that the committees 000 each; fifty-four smaller ones at the
sn territories of both House and Sen angle of the former, $500 each; four
ate are inclined to stand by the old crosses, each composed of twenty-five
program of creating two states out of
the four territories, but it will not be diamonds, $oJ,000; four large dia
a surprise if this program fails to monds at the top of the crosses, $20-
meet the approval of a majority of tbe 000; twelve diamonds contained in the
republican senators and representa fleur-de-lis, $50,000; eighteen smaller
tives. Since the question of state ones in same, $10.000; pearls, dia
hood for these four southwest terri monds, etc., upon the arches and
tories was brought Into congress crosses, $50,000; also one hundred and
many senators and representatives forty-one small diamonds, $25,000;
have personally Investigated the exist twenty-six diamonds in the upper
ing conditions in the territories, and cross, $15,000 and two circles of pearls
the result is that public sentiment about the rim, $15,000. Tbe cost of
among public men is crystallizing in the precious stones alone is nearly
favor of the plan of admitting Okla half a million dollars.
homa and Indian Territory to state
hood and, if necessary, letting Arizo
Here lies my wife’s nearest relative.
na and New Mexico wait.
There seems to be few dissenting All my tears cannot bring her back.
voices against tbe proposed admission, Therefore I weep.
THE CHINESE MINISTER’S DAUGHTER.
Visitors to the Chinese Legation at
Washington have often been attracted
to a tiny little figure perched at the
head of the grand stairway. It is al
ways there when a dinner party is go
ing on or when Sir Chengtung Liang
Cheng, the Chinese Minister, is giving
a reception. It never falls to appear,
and the uninitiated have been heard to
remark in undertone that it is a queer
little figure which guards the head of
the stairway.
•
However, it is a very Animated some
body after all, for it is no other than
the young daughter of the Minister,
Miss Liang, who, though barred
through the custom of her country and
her youth from taking actual part in
these entertainments, is, nevertheless,
determined to see as much of them as
■he possibly can. Perhaps her father,
the Minister, does not know she is
there and perhaps he does, but nobody
knows, for no mention of the fact has
ever been made to him, and Miss Liang
•ontinues to enjoy these many social
affairs from afar.
This dainty little Chinese maid has
been in this country ever elnce her fa
ther was delegated to represent his
emperor at Washington. She is Just
seventeen years old, and until she came
to America she did not know what it
was to be allowed to go out unat
tended. is
Over in China the w >men never show
their faces on the street, but with the
appointment to Washington of Wu
Ting Dang, former Chinese Minister,
members of the legation, and especially
the women, were given greater free
dom and now they go about with never
• thought as to the propriety of the ex-
perlence. At home they would not
dare.
Society is
Is eagerly awaiting the ex
pected announcement that Miss Liang
will be formally presented this season.
She has learned to speak English ex
ceedingly well and is a familiar figure
in a box at the theatres on Monday
nights. When she wishes to go shop
ping she does so unhesitatingly, and
her carriage is frequently seen stand
ing in front of some of the fashionable
shops.
Fewer girls, especially among those
who have not been presented to so
ciety, are more popular than this
charming daughter of the Chinese Min
ister. She has made friends with
every girl in Washington society, and
her chief delight is to jump in her car
riage in the afternoons and drive
about, calling on her young American
friends. They are all delighted to see
her, and no matter what is on the pro
gramme it must wait if the attractive
little Miss Liang happens to call. She
is so piquant, and appreciates an
American joke as well ae any of her
American associates.
Miss Liang is the constant compan
ion of her father and accompanies him
on all his drives. They are great
friends and apparently enjoy every
minute of their time together. The
Minister is very proud of his daughter’s
progress in learning American cus
toms. and it is not unlikely that before
many more years are past the Chinese
Legation will be enjoying even to a
greater extent the American freedom
in living which makes the assignment
of Washington a diplomatic plum for
which many hands are always ready.
MARK TWAIN AT SEVENTY.
THE
HUMORIST
ENTERTAINS
GROUPS OF AUTHORS AT
BANQUET.
At Three Score and Ten He Is Hale
and Hearty—Gives Views on How
to I ive— Never Smokes or Drinks
While Asleep.
Mari Twain, that prince of humor
ists haS reached the limitation of life
as laid down by the Scriptures—three
score years and ten. And yet he is
still able to give us gems of humor
and wit—such gems as attained fame
for him years ago when Huckleberry
Finn, Tom Sawyer and Innocents
MARK TWAIN, TO-DAY.
intend to take any. Exercise is loath
some. And it cannot be any benefit
when you are tired; I was always
tired.
“I have lived a severely moral life.
But it would be a mistake for other
people to try that, or for me to rec
ommend it. Very few would succeed.
You have to have a perfectly colossal
stock of morals, and you cannot get
them on a margin; you have to have
the whole thing and put them in your
box. Morals are an acquirement—like
music, like a foreign language, like
piety, poker, paralysis—no man is born
with them. I wasn’t myself. I start
ed poor.
AMERICAN LAND MONOPLY.
IS BEINO FOSTE RED BY OCR PRES
ENT SYSTEM OF LOOSE
LAND LAWS.
Homestead Commutation and Desert
Land Act, Supposed to Encourage
Settlement—Largely Utilized for
Land Grabbing.
There is a class of people who hava
apparently lost sight of the fact that
the federal land laws, from the horn*
stead law down, and even before tte
homestead law, were enacted for th*
purpose of fostering the making od
homes for the nation; they seem ta
think, and it must be contested that
they have successfully put into prac
tice their belief, that the lAws are ta
be construed into passing on the title
from the government into. private ,
hands with absolutely no regard ta
homemaking. They argue that whe*
the public domain goes into private .
ownership it becomes taxable propertMj
and this helps the country andj^Bs
State, and the question is ignore®^«)
to whether men and women go uypVM
that land and make homes and reae
families.
The following part of the report~0F<
the Public Lands Commission showe
that the commutation clause at pres
ent is a farce and that land can be
entered under it and almost immedi
ately added to already large individual
holdings. The Commission rec“
mends that the period of residi
be extended from fourteen month,
three years and that the residence ba
actual and not constructive, as it M
at present. With such a law strictly
enforced the evils of the commiitar
tion clause would be largely obvlateC
It Is, however, highly Improbable that
if a man actually resided and lift-
proved his homestead for three yean
Land monopoly is a black cloud of
dread from which Ireland Is just
emerging, and we applaud England’s
act, while we may yet possibly be a
little skeptical, in providing a plan
whereby free Ireland may uecome a
fact.
WHAT A STRIKE COST.
Yet we ourselves are as rapidly ap
proaching land monopoly in America
Chicago Obliged to Divert Money as it is possible to do, considering our
Needed For Improvements Into
vast extent of territory. Land monop
Payments For Police Service.
oly brings with it more state evils
It will never be known definitely than can be recounted in any single
just what the recent strike of the article. It retards every internal de
teamsters cost the people of Chicago. velopment, it smothers individual ef
That the total would run well into fort and enterprise and finally it
the millions, however, is a conserva transforms the stem and fiber of the
tive estimate, judging from the single individual citizen from that of a sub
item of the expense to the municipal stantial, self-reliant supporter of free
government to a supine, indifferent
ity for extra police protection.
Some time ago It was discovered and passionless individual, lacking in
that the city could add $5,000,'>00 to mental and moral poise and in those
its bonded debt, and the people au sturdy and heroic qualities which
thorized an issue of bonds to this have made America the greatest name
amount for specific public Improve in history.
ments. The end of the teamsters’ strike
“Land monopoly, did you say?”
found $2,000,000 of these bonds still says the American land grabber.
unsold and an emergency strike debt "Why, there is enough land for the
of some $365,000. To pay this bill the children of the nation for generations
council has retired the $2,000,000 of if not centuries to come. The gov
bonds and ordered their reissue in such ernment owns in the West alone near
form that they may be used for general ly half a billion acres and how can
corporate purposes.
there be any land monopoly when this
Thus $365,000—or the estimated vait area is always open to free entry
cost of lowering the two river tun under our various land laws?”
nels—goes to pay extra policemen for
Half Billion Acres Remaining.
defending the lives of citizens and pro
It is true that there are valuable
tecting their property while a supine
city administration practically gave lands in the West yet remaining open
license to the striking teamsters to to entry, or at least land which will
make the ordinary business of peace be valuable when it shall have been
ful citizens full of turmoil and haz furnished water for irrigation, but
what is the general description of this
ard.
Money that the people Intended to half billion acres yet remaining under
go into sorely needed permanent im Uncle Sam’s control? Is it reasonable
provements has been diverted to meet to suppose that the shrewd laud oper
the cost of lawlessness that never ators, living on the ground, have not
should have gone to the extent it did.
skimmed the cream of this land, and
The cost of this one strike is the are not doing so to-day—the fertile
$365,000 the city pays for extra polioe valleys and the rich plains, where
service, plus what the countv has to water can be applied—and leaving the
pay for special deputy sheriffs, plus great bulk of the land to their pos
the loss to merchants, railways, man terity, land composed of mountain
ufacturers, etc., in business; plus lost tops and impassable canyon sides
wages to the strikers, plus a dozen which will probably forever remain in
other items that it would be difficult the hands of the government and at
FREDERICK H. NEWELL
to enumerate. And this only em least can never support life. Glance
braces money cost. It takes no ac at a physical map of Colorado, just Chief Engineer ot the U. 9. Reclamation 8*
vice and Member of the Public Lands
count of Inconvenience to citizens, of for an instance, and note the vast
Commission.
assaults oa citizens, of the killing of preponderance of mountains. There
would be unwilling to pay $1.25 aa
citizens.
are many fertile valleys in Colorado, he
It Is a tremendously expensive thing for the map is on a much reduced acre for immediate title, when by a»
to fight a labor war in a great city.
scale, but from its appearance you additional two years’ residence, ha
save this amount.
would think the entire State was com could
The provisions of the desert land
posed of nothing but chain upon chain act,
and the recommendation for the
A Ring for a Throne.
and range upon range of untlllable
amendment of which is included in the
Miss Josephine Strong, who was mountains.
following report will be discussed la
private secretary at Washington for
Denounced by Commission.
next week’s article.
Congressman Hawley, has a diamond
This question of land monopoly in Commutation Clause of the Home-
ring that was once owned and worn
the West, as it is fostered through the
by Louis Phillipe. king of France.
stead Act.
The ring has a peculiar history. It use of the commutation clause of the
In the preceding report a state
homestead
act
and
the
desert
land
act
will be remembered that Phillipe lived
ment was made that our investiga
In this country when he was an exile. has been studied by the President’s tions respecting the operations of tbe
He lived one winter in Zanesville, Public Lands. Commission, and their commutation clause of the homestead
Ohio, and spent another winter with report, the third installment of which law were still in progress. We were
not at that time prepared to recom
mend its repeal. Investigations car
ried on during the past year have
convinced us that prompt action
should be taken In this direction and
that. In the iuterest ot settlement, the
commutation clause should be great*
ly modified.
A careful examination of the dis
tricts where the commutation clause
Is put to the most use shows th-Ji
there has been a rapid Increase of tbe
use of this expedient for passing
public lands into the hands of cor
porations or large landowners. The
object of the homestead law was pri
marily to give to each citizen, tbe
head of n family, an amount of land
up to 160 acres, agricultural In char
acter so that hotneB would be created
in the wilderness. The commutatioe
clause, added at a later date, was
undoubtely Intended to assist tbe
honest settler, but like many other
well-intended acts Its original Intent
has been gradually perverted until it
is apparent that a great part of all
commuted homesteads remains unin
habited. In other words, under the
commutation clause the number of
patents furnishes no Index to the
number of new homes.
A COUPLE OF
To prove tills statement It is only
necessary to drive through a country
* HOMES" IN THE
whore the commutation Mau He has
WEST.
been largely applied. Field after
field Is passed without a sign of per
manent habitation or Improvemeat
other than fences. The homestead
-
shanties of the commuters may ba
Abroad were first given to us. On De
cember 5th he was the guest of honor
at a dinner in New York, to celebrate
his seventieth birthday. The guests
were confined closely to writers
of Imaginative literature, and about
170 authors were present, nearly hail
of them women. Every guest received
as a souvenir a bust of Mark Twain,
half-life size. Naturally Mr. Clemens
was the principal speaker; be took as
his text. "How to get to be seventy
and not mind it.” E<> said:—
“The seventieth birthday! It is the
time of life when you arrive at a new
and awful dignity; when you may
throw aside the decent reserves which
have oppressed you for a generation,
and stand unafraid and unabashed
upon your seven-terraced summit and
look down and teach—unrebuked. You
can tell the world bow you got there.
It is what they all do. You shall never
get tired of telling by whdt delicate
arts and deep moralities you climbed
up to that great place. You will ex
plain the process and dwell on the par
ticulars with senile rapture. I uave
been anxious to explain my own sys
tem for a long time, and now at last
I have the right.
Regularly Irregular.
“I have achieved my seventy years
In the usual way—by sticking strictly
to a scheme of my life which would
kill anybody else. It sounds like an ex-1
aggeratlon, but that Is really the com
mon rule for attaining to old age.
We have no permanent habits until
■we are forty. Then they begin to har
den, presently they petrify, then busi
ness begins. Since forty I have been
regular about going to bed and getting
up, and that is one of the main things.
I have made It a rule to go to bed
when there wasn't anybody left to sit
up with, and I have made it a rule to
get up when I had to. This has result
ed In an unswerving regularity of ir
regularity.
“In the matter of diet—which is
another main thing—I have been per
sistently strict in sticking to tbe things
which didn't agree with me until one
or the other of us got the best of it.
Until lately I got the best of It myself.
But last spring I stopped frolicking
with mince pie after midnight; up to
then I had always believed It wasn't
loaded. For thirty years I have taken
coffee and bread at 8 in the morning
and no bite nor sup until 7.30 In the
evening.
“I have made it a rule never to
smoke more than one cigar at a time. I
have no other restriction as regards
smoking. I do not know just when I
began to smoke; I only know that it
was in my father’s lifetime, and that
I was indiscreet. He passed from this
life early in 1847, when I was a shade
past eleven; ever since then I have
smoked publicly. As an example to
others, and not that I care for moder
ation myself, it has always been my
rule never to smoke when asleep, and Gen. Morgan Neville, a rich pioneer
never to refrain when awake.
and taught the district school. He had
“As for drinking, I have no rule word from France that there wa3 a
about that. When tbe others drin.. I chance to regain the Bourbon throne
like to help; otherwise I remain dry, If he could but get to Paris, but he
by bablt and preference. This dry had not money enough for the trip
ness does not hurt me, but it could Gen. Neville lent the prince the money
easily hurt you, because you are something like $800, and the prince
gave in pledge the ring that Miss
different You let It alone.
Strong now wears. Going to New Or
First Standard Oil Trust.
leans by boat, Phillips got to France
“Since I was seven years old I have and the rest Is history. He regained
seldom taken a dose of medicine and his throne and the money lent by Gen
have still more seldom needed one. Neville made it possible. The king sent
But up to seven I lived exclusively on back the amount of the loan, told thd
allopathic medicines. Not that I need general to keep the ring and asked him
ed them, for I don't think I did; but it to visit him at the royal palace. The
was for economy. My father took a ring is a pear shaped diamond, set in
drug store for a debt, and it made cod black enamel and is naturally highly
liver oil cheaper than the other break prized.
fast foods I was the first Standard
Oil Trust. I had ft all. By the time
Into the Earth’s Bowels.
the drug store was exhausted my
health was established, and there has
At Bendigo. Australia, there is
never been much the matter with me gold mine 3,900 feet deep, or only SO
feet short of three-quarters of a mile.
stace.
"I have never taken any exercise, ex This Is said to be the deepest gold
cept sleeping «nd resting, and I never mine in the world.
is published in these columns, com
ments upon these two land laws.
The commutation clause originally
provided that after eight months of
residence on a homestead claim a
man could "commute” by paying to
the government $1.25 an acre and get
immediate title to bls land. After a
number of years of operation it was
conceded that thlB clause had opened
the door for much land acquirement
without settlement, and amid a great
blare of trumpets. Congress, In a
spasm of virtue, extended the time to
fourteen months. What has been the
result of this amendment? The op
ponents of the repeal of the commuta
tion clause have presented specific
reasons why this law should not be
touched; that the entryman needs to
"prove up” and get title to bis land
so that he can mortgage his property
and with the money buy groceries,
tools, etc., with which to work his
farm, which may sound well, but the
fact seems to remain that tbe great
bulk of the commuted homesteads are
not to-day homes.
(Continued on next Dago.)
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