Increasing Wealth in the ttest.
CHICKBXS AS GARDEXBRS.
NO OTHER WAGONS APPRQ ach
In commenting on the need which Can Be Taught to Pull Weeds and
Harvest Grain.
has hitherto manifested Itself in the
THE AMERICAN GRAPE
INDUSTRY.
A Great and Increasing Branch of Horticulture.
CUV ELLIOTT MITCHELL
i» I,
"The grape is the poor mans fruit, es-
K dally one who has only a house lot of
e smallest possible dimensions. He can
plant vines beside his cottage and their
roots will extend and profitably occupy
every inch of ground underneath It and
from that small space produce all the fruit
his family can consume, while the vines
afford shade and protection and add
beauty to his little home, occupying no
•pace, either above or below u.n ground
to Interfere with other Interests, and
producing more fruit In less time and
with less labor and attention than any
thing that was ever planted.”
30,000,000, Ohio third with 14,000,000
.
.
and Kansas, Michigan, Pennsylvania,
Missouri, Oklahoma, Illinois, Indiana,
Georgia and Iowa with 5,000,000 or less
each. California alone had a quarter
i of a million acres in vineyards with an
annual production of 30,000,000 gallons
of wine. The investment represented
in that State alone is estimated at $*5,-
000,000.
All of which Is charming In truth
unless the phylloxera or the downy
mildew or the aphis or the dry rot he
roine appurtenances to vine, or the
Bhickens or small boys of the neigh
borhood steal all the grapes Just as
they are getting ripe.
Chickens, however, should he kept in
pens, and if every small boy’s father
had a grape vine which furnished “all
the fruit his family could consume,"
there would be no incentive to pillage
the neighbor’s vines.
As for the downy mildew and the
other ailments to which civilized grape
The writer once climbed to the top
of a single cask at Fresno. California,
which contained 96,000 gallons of port
wine. There are hundreds of casks
throughout the State with a capacity
of 50,000 gallons each. The annual
raisin production of California amounts
to about 90,000,000 pounds, while about
25,000,000 pounds of these raisin grapes
are shipped East every year as table
grapes.
Last year the Chautauqua district in
New York produced 600,000 gallons of
unfermented grape Juice.
These figures give some idea of our
Wine Tank as Big as a House.
Seedless
Grapes
t From One
Vine
Largest
Grape Vine
in the World,
SantaBarbara
California.
vines are heir, horticultural Investiga
tions have shown that they can be com-
batted wth comparative ease by spray
ing, and rot not only prevented but
the vine stimulated to even greater
than normal production.
As a matter of fact, the grape in
dustry in the United States when con
sidered both as a large commercial
proposition and as one where each man
has his own vine, if not fig tree, is one
of a great deal of importance end OÏ
great Interest.
.
Count Their Age by Centuries.
Although the product of its fruit Is
accountable for much that is unseeml;
and frivolous, the vine is itself an ot>
Ject of great age and dignity. It is not
known how old the grape will grow in
America, since we have not been here
long enough to make the test, even had
a vine been planted with the landing
of Columbus. Pliny mentions an Old
World grape vine 600 years of age.
Some entire vineyards in Italy held
good for 300 years and others in Bur-
guudy produced for 400 years and more.
West for calling upor. Eastern money
"I see as how a scientific perfesser
centers for funds with which to, move
Western crops, a New York fiijpnclal has trained a yaller dorg to count ten
letter states that with conditions as 1 an’ answer fool questions," said the
they were ten years ago, the present hired man to the tourist. "Ln
record-breaking crop
would have ain’t nothin.’ I knows an old feller
strained the capacity of the New. York
financial centers to the utmost to fur back yere in th’ Valley what beats
nish sufficient funds. So greatly, how that all to flinders. Began raisin
ever, has the wealth of the West in chickens when he was a boy. I seen
creased and so large are the surplus some bantams he had no biggern’ fleas
reserves of the farmers that even with
crops so stupendous as to amaze Eu an’ game birds what c’d step over a
rope, New York financiers have been six-foot fence. But that aln t nothin.
hardly Inconvenienced by the demands Last time I was down ’t his place be
for funds. In a not distant future it is had a hunderd-acre farm an ’bout ten
predicted the West of the Mississippi
Valley and of the Missouri Valley as ( thousand chickens, an’ was raisin’
well will be found exclusively lending truck for early northern markets.
Powerful big chickens they was, an’
he had ’em trained so’s they'd work
his farm for him. They wasn’t a weed
nur a blade o' grass in that whole
farm 'cep'n in the pastures. An bugs?
wy they cudu’t a tater bug, nur a cut
worm, nur even a cabbage flea get a
foot inside o’
that farm afore a
chicken had ’im. An’ that wasn’t all.
Them chickens c’d see at night. Guess
he must a’ crossed ’em with owls.
Anywavs, be never worried none
’bout early frost. If ’twas cold in the
spring them chickens was out all
night coverin’ up tomatoes an’ beans
an’ ev’vthin’ tender. Jest squat over
the plants with their wings spread
out an’ set there till sun up He had
tomatoes three weeks ahead o’ any
SCUPPERNONG WINERY, NORTH
body else. An’ that wasn't all. When
CAROLINA.
he planted his beets en turnips en
or advancing money with which to passnips he sowed ’em powerful thick
move tho crops that are grown in the an' as soon as they'd get up 'bout
remoter regions of the Southwest or the right size them chickens come along
an thin ’em out Jest right Fine eatin’
distant Northwest.
No expert can estimate accurately the for ’em, too. Au’ ’tween times they
gains that will come this year to the was going up an’ down the rows all
farmers, the surplus that will be left day long scratchin’ up the dirt an’
for them after paying expenses, which keepin’ ev’ythin’ cultivated Jest par-
represents their profits. Some of tho feet. Wy that feller never had a hoe
most experienced experts have ventured in his han’ from one year end to an
Them
to estimate that the farmers of the other, An’ lay! Gee whiz!
ever
United States this year as a whole will hens was the stlddiest layers I nests.
find themselves to the good by not less see. But they didn’t use no
than $300,000,000, and possibly $100,- Jest laid in reg’lar egg crates. Au’
000,000. These are the gains as well as
those which the great transportation
companies expect to receive for carry
ing the agricultural products from the
harvest fields to the market to which
Mr. Vanderlip referred in his address to
the National Bankers’ Association at
Washington. The United States as a
whole ought to be richer by reason of
the year’s industry, agricultural and
manufacturing and transportation, by
an amount considerably in excess of a
thousand millions.
GASOLIXE POWER EXG1XES.
Inexpensive, reliable power on the
farm and around the home is becom
ing more and more desirable these
days when unskilled labor is so high
and hard to procure. Gasoline engines,
which when started practically take
care of themselves, are rapidly sup
planting steam engines and horse pow
er, the operation of which requires con
stant attention. The difference in the
cost of operating and the advantage of
starting at a moment’s notice has ad
vanced the popularity of gasoline en
gines where comparatively small power
is required in contrast with other
power devices.
A few years ago we heard but little
about gasoline engines for use on the
farms, while to-day we And many of
them on up-to-date farms and small
business plants. This growing inter
est has been brought about largely
through the improvements that have
Feeding Oleo to the Xavy.
Considerable of a sensation has de
veloped over the furnishing to .League
Island navy yard. Philadelphia, of but
ter which analysis has proven to be
simply oleomargarine colored with coal
tar dye. Samples were taken from the
government rectivlng ship Lancaster,
several battle ships and cruisers and
from the hospitals of the navy yard by
agents of the Pennsylvania Dairy and
Food Commission. Dr. Warren, the
State Commissioner, declared them to
be specimens of coal tar oleo and after
considerable controversy, at the in
stance of President Roosevelt, they
were finally submitted to Dr. Wiley, the
chief chemist of the Department of Ag
riculture, who in a full report has sus
tained Dr. Warren’s findings. Secre
tary Wilson has referred the report to
the President, who has. it is stated,
called the attention of the Department
of Justice to the matter. Several ar
rests have already been made.
In speaking, however, of the substi
tution of oleomargarine for butter in
the market. Dr. Wiley said that at pres
ent the amount of oleomargarine sold
in this country whether fraudulently
as butter or when marked as oleo is
quite small. The government has ren
dered the making and sale of the stuff
unprofitable by levying 10 cents a
pound on all that is artificially colored,
and halt a cent on u»e uncolored.
PACKING CONCORD GRAPES, LAKE
KEVKA, NEW YORK.
These were cultivated vines. Doubt
less native vines grow to much great
er ages.
The viticulturist of the Department
of Agriculture, George C. Husmann,
states that he has never seen a vine
among the endless number of natives
abounding in our forests that has died
from the effects of age. Some old grape
vines grow to immense size. There is
a wild crape vine on the shores of Mo
bile Bay under which Andrew Jackson
twice pitched his tent in his cam
paigns against the Seminóles, which
has a circumference of over six feet, Foreigners Refuse Colored Butters.
"Coal tar dyes.” said Dr. Wllev, “are
with a auppoaed ago of about 100 years.
not fatally harmful, though by no
The Slxe of a Great Tree.
means wholesome, and dairymen are
The largest known grape vine In the permitted under the law to use such
world was planted in California in coloring matter to impart to their but
1842.
It has made a phenomenal
a rich yellow color. To render this
growth. Heneath its spreading branches, ter
unnecessary, the Department of Agri
which cover nearly half an acre, 800 culture is now trying to educate the
persons can And protection from the popular taste in favor of uncolored but
sun's heat. It bears from six to ten ter, and we are making some headway.
tons of grapes for a crop and the cir
cumference of its trunk is eight feet. Over in Europe one never encounters
While the wine industry is by far the colored butter in any of the hotels or
most Important feature of grape grow first class markets. The people there
ing enormous quantities of table have learned to distrust It. We are
grapes are raised and by means of im coming to this in the United States. To-
proved transportation facilities sent to day first-class hotels and fancy gro
all parts of the country. The Con ceries will not buy butter that has a
cords, the Delawares and the Niagaras high color. Our epicures and those
come from the North, the Scuppernongs that live well are also fighting shy of
from the South and the Flame Tokays it. and as a result the dairymen are be
and other sugary raisin grapes from ginning to realize that the bottle of
coal tar dye Is no longer a necessary
the Pacific coast
The last census reported 12 States adjunct to a successful dairy.’-
having In bearing over 2,000,000 vines
each. California being first with 90,
John Adams wu the author of
000,000 vines, New York second with motto, ”E Pluribus Unum.”
The Strong Old Hickory
MANUFACTURED BY
Kentucky Wagon Manufacturing Co.
LOUISVILLE, KY.
LARGEST PRODUCERS OF FARM WAGONS IN THE WORLD
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A
James S. Kirk& Company
CHICAGO. ILL.
Consular reports from China are to
the effect that the prospect of a re
form or rather revolution in the money
system of that Empire is not verv
bright, in spite of the promises to that
end which have been made. There are
a number of Influential elements pre
venting the change which nations do
ing business in China have asked,
among others the bankers who profit
by the great variations in values of
the same kind of coins in different
cities as well as the provincial officials
who mint them. The money of the
people is still brass and copper, and to
introduce a new system will be diffi
cult owing to the dread on the part of
the public of anything; new. Gold
and silver may continue to control the
price paid for exports, but copper and
brass will for a long time govern pro
duction.
a. Centur
of unfailing service
proves tho
ABSOLUTE RELIABILITY
of tho
Remin^to
tvfew ' rite ' r
We have published some good ones spec«
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every farmer to make more out of his farm
Write for our catalogue.
Well Drilling
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Over 70 sizes and styles for drilling
either deep or shallow wells in any kina
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SEND FOR CATALOGUE
WILLIAM BROS., Ithaca, N. Y.
4»
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Chinese “Cash."
A GRAPE BY-PRODUCT FACTORY.
been made by manufacturers during
late years in simplifying the working
parts of the engines so that the aver
age man can operate them with the
ease of an expert. As a matter of fact,
a bright boy can handle a modern gas
oline engine with but little teaching.
Take the farmer who has never seen
a gasoline engine and let him start and
stop one a few times and study some
of the principles of operating it
and in a few days he will become as
familiar with its workings as he would
with a team of horses or a tread-mill.
The general usefulness of a machine
of this sort on a farm is apparent.
There is ensilage to cut, wood to saw.
feed to grind, corn to shell, water to
pump, in fact a multitude of things
that can be done with a gasoline en
gine at small expense.
A Qviecrter c
*s a green soap, consistency of paste, a perfect
cleanser for automobile machinery and al*
vehicles; will not injure the most highly
polished surface. Made from pure vegetable
oils. If your dealer does not carry American
Crown Soap in stock, send us his name and
address and we will see that your wants are
supplied. Put up in 12J$ 25 and 50 lb pails.
WEBB PUBLISHING CO.,
St. Paul Minn.
fast as one layer was full the hens
in charge o’ the layin’ house ’d grab
up a new frame an’ drop it in the
crate. I see ’em fill sixty-odd crates o’
eggs In one forenoon.
“But that ain’t nothin' Them hens
was so big an’ powerful they c’d do
almost as much as a hired man. I see
a wagon full o’ seed wheat come
along past his house. An’ there was a
little hole in the wagon an’ the wheat
was a runnin’ out all along the road.
Well, sir, that feller Jest drove 'bout
five hundred chickens out in the road
and put down a lot o’ sacks an’ they
went to pickin’ up that seed wheat
faster’n you er I c’d pick up taters.
They gethered up 'bout forty bushel.
In the sacks? Wy of course They
was thee roosters a holdin’ each
sack, an’ when a sack was full they’d
whip a tie ’roun the neck, set it up
agin the fence an’ grab up another.
They was sieh big powerful chickens,
you know. An’ that wasn’t all nei
ther. He had some whoppin’ big
roosters, an’ be sharpened up their
spurs in the fall an’ had 'em cuttin’
corn better’n you or I c’d with a corn
knife, an’ stackin' it up Jest as reg-
lar. But shucks! that wasn't nothin’
W.v I see that felller—”
But as he looked around the tourist
hau fled in horror.
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SOAP
BOOKS—BOOKS
Constitutes Great Saving in Horse
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grape Industry, which, while It is only
about 60 years old, is small as com
pared to that of the world whose an
nual production Is over 4,000,000,000
gallons of wine.
Other products of the grape are rais
ins—an enormous Industry in itself—
brandy, vinegar, grape syrup, a very
superior article, and various pickles,
Jellies and preserves.
The grape furnishes also important
by-products. Feed and fertilizer are
produced from the pomace, also acetic
acid. The seeds are separated from the
pomace and fed to stock the same as
grain. Ground up, they are used as a
substitute for coffee. A high grade oil
similar to olive oil is also produced
from the seeds, which, among other
things, make superior soap. They also
yield tannin.
Mr. Husmann estimates that if all the
wastes of the grape crop were utilized
extra returns would increase its value
fully 10 per cent., which, with our pres
ent grape production to the value of
abcut $15,000,000, would mean an ad
ditional earning of a million and a half,
and this with our vitlcultural industry
as yet in its Infancy.
In Perfect Adaptability Under all Conditions tou
are the original solid
top and side ejectors.
This feature forms a
solid shield of metal
between the shooter’s
head and the cartridge
at all times, throws tne
empties away from him
instead of into his face,
prevents smoke and
gases from entering hie
eyes and lungs, and
keeps the line of sight
unobstructed.
Tne
MARLIN action
works easily and
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makes the Marlin the
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Cun ever built, uo-
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lustrations, cover in
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The Marlin Fire Arms Co.
New Haven, Conn.
SANDWICH MFC. CO.
124 Main Street,
Sandwich. X
SILOS
Piae, Fir, Cypress and Yellow Piss
Write for Catalogue.
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Chicago, Ill.
IF YOU WANT A JACK
Send for our Jack Catalogue. Sure to
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MISSOULA, MONTANA.
DANUKRa Of TH* JOOHT.