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Literary Supplement.--Tillamook. Oregon, November 30, 1905.
HOME OF WASHINGTON.
HOW WOMEN PAVED THE WAY
FOR RESTORA TION OF MT. VERNON
Historic Place Is Now Exactly as it
Leaked During the Lifetime of
Great Statesman-General - Thous­
ands Visit it Annually.
The bell is tolling, the band playing
"Nearer My God to Thee” and the
passengers know, even before they
raise their eyes to the fair sweep of
Virginia’s shore line, that the steamer
Is passing Mount Vernon. A pretty
custJm—-the tolling of the bell and the
playing of the fine old hymn. A hush
falls on the crowded decks, and one
for future generations this home of
General George Washington.
In this connection it is interesting
to know that during the ten-day annual
meet of .the Board of Regents in the
month of May a banquet is given to
the Covernor ot Virginia. After the
feast Is ended and the toasts are >unk
the entire association conduct the ¡ov-
ernor about the house and grounds,
that he may know, by personal observa-
tion, that the pact entered into so long
ago is being faithfully kept.
It is the custom of the ladies of the
association to live al Mount Vernon
during the yearly session. At this
time the old home wears an air of un­
wonted gaiety. The kitchen gives out
the most appetizing odors, and stimu­
lated to unusual activity by tales of the
old days, the corp cf Virginia servants
are anxious to show their fitness for
the honor of "servin’ de ladies." Even
tlie brick oven, a relic of colonial days,
is called into use, the beautifully
browned bread, pies and cakes attest­
ing its superiority.
STEM INDUSTRIAL CRASH.
STANDARD OIL MAGNATE PRE­
DICTS CRISIS AND SUGGESTS
PALLATIVE MEASURES.
Would Have Nation Begin Work of
Vast Internal Improvements. Ex­
Premier Meline of France Al»o
Sounds Warning.
J. II. SHANNON.
That the land is the source of all
real wealth, has been said by plriloso-
phers time out of mind, and now with
the urban districts draining from the
country much of tlie flower of its man­
hood the cry is going up from tlie lips
of legions of wise men. "Back to the
Land!" All manner of colonization
projects are being devised and tried
for the purpose of diverting foreign
immigration front the cities to fields
and to relieve the pressure of eouges-
tion in tlie over-grown centers.tlne
Thirty States Represented.
WASHINGTON AND LAFAYETTE.
From a Painting at Mount Vernon.
feels the thrill of patriotism stirring
the hearts of the people.
Hut do the thousands who annually
sail down the Potomac to visit the
stately home of George Washington
know that to a woman’s initiative is
due the restoration and preservation of
tlie beautiful Mount Vernon of to-day?
Away back in 1853 this home was in
a rapidly deteriorating condition. John
Augustine Washington, a son of Gen­
eral Washington’s nephew, was the
owner of tlie estate. The descendants
of Washington evidently did not inherit
the clear business sense of their illus­
trious ancestor, for in General Wash­
ington’s time the farm yielded a hand­
some income. Now the fields were ly-
impends will be precipitated by over­
production of manufactured goods,
lie says “Consumption must have its
bounds, and so with the consumption
of manufactured articles. When <a
man has tilled all his requirements in
clothes and furniture a mere lowering
of prices, which is all that mechaulcal
improvements generally mean nowa­
days, can no longer attract him.
Therefore, when tlie output is not re­
strained the market necessarily be­
comes choked.”
•
Mr. Rockefeller is specific as to the
time when the crush Is to occur. It is
likely that he errs in this, because pre­
dictions as to periods of depression
and readjustment are seldom fulfilled
as to dates. Crises as a rule come un­
expected and the immediate reason is
most apt to lie due to over-expansion
of credit, and overproduction of secur­
ities than to actual overproduction ot
goods; tint when to tlie cause of over-
expanded credits is added overproduc­
tion of manufacture« and a lop-sided
industrial system.recovering from the
crash is more difficult
Day of Distress Near.
The Mount Vernon Ladies’ Associa­
tion is a most exclusive body. It is
composed of a regent, who is president
ot the association, and a vice-regent
from each of the States of the Union
Thirty States are now represented.
The women are justly proud of the
work that has been and is being acconi
plished, and so value their places in
the council that it has become a cus­
tom for the oifice of vice-regent to de­
scend front mother to daughter or
other near relative. When a vacancy
occurs in the council the Governor of
the State is invited to nominate some
prominent woman; but should the
name not receive the favorable consid­
eration of the regent and vlce-reg>nts
no appointment is made until one ac­
ceptable to all is proposed.
Miss Cunningham, the first regent,
lived at Mount Vernon from 1868 to
1873, when she resigned on account of
ill health. She died the following
year. The present regent is Mrs. Jus­
tine Van Rennselaer Townsend, of New
York.
During the Civil War, though in the
very midst of the conflict. Mount Ver­
non escaped serious injury. This was
mainly due to the heroism of Miss
Tracy, the secretary ot the association,
who took up her abode at Mount Ver-
The r’chest man in America Is posi­
tive. however, that the crash will come
about 1907—year after next—and so
sure Is lie that the trouble Is on its
way, that he is already weaving a
plan to provide work for those who
will lie thrown out of employment,
and thus ameliorate the panic. He Is
certain that the number of men who
will need help will be about 7,000, 000,
and when is added to those men tile
number of dependents, tlie total Is ap­
palling. Mr. Rockefeller thinks this
vast army of unemployed should be
set to work by the government on in­
ternal improvements, the building of
new roads, improvement of old ones,
dredging of streams, Irrigating land,
etc. lie says;
THE TARIFF PROBLEM.
over the revision of the tariff. He de­
clared that it would be an easy job.
As Simple as Can Be.
REVISION AND ANTI-REVISION
"What would you do with the
SENTIMENTS IN WASHINGTON. tariff?" he was asked.
Speaker Cannon between Two Fire»
Question to be a Live One During
the Next Session of Congress.
“Why,” he replied, “it’s as simple as
can be. All you have to do Is to lower
the tariff on woolen goods and to make
a big reduction In the shoe schedules.
Practically that would satisfy every
one, and if you did no more the coun­
try would be pleased.”
The Illinois representative was In­
formed that he had been preceded by
a member from Massachusetts who
thought tliat all that would be neces­
sary would be to put coal, hides and
wool on the free list.
“Hides on the frae list!” exclaimed
the Illinois speaker. “Not while I
have the strength to stay here to tight
it."
“Now you see what an easy thing it
Is to revise the tariff,” said the
speaker.
“If 1 was Hod.” again remarked the
speaker in his quaint style. “I would
make some changes In the tariff. I
would put them into effect before any-
lsxty knew what they were to be made.
Then there would be no unsettling of
business and at least some people
would be happy.”
It is rather amusing to those who
are on the inside of the political arena
in Washington to obaerve the manner
in which discussions of the tariff are
conducted throughout the country. In
an academic way the theories of the
tariff are talked over. Hut to the men
on whom the real work of revising the
tariff would devolve there are very dif­
ferent considerations to Influence them.
They openly declare that the tariff
ought to be revised, but they say the
danger to business Interests would be
so great that they fear undertaking it
They insist that a struggle over the
schedules would last six months, and
that during that time the business in­
terests would ta> suffering stagnation
that would afflict the country very
sorely.
This view is scouted by the revision­
ists as one that has no standing with
men who believe in doing tilings. They
Question an Absorbing One.
claim that if such considerations are,
to prevail there never could be a re­
What alarms so many prominent
vision of the tariff.
protectionists is what they claim is
tile danger of unsettling the business
I
So Easy To Revise.
conditions of the country. The the­
Not long ago the difficulties in oretical adjustment of the tariff ac­
agreeing upon changes In the Dinglei cording to the principles of protection
Vast Plan of Construction.
"There is enough labor today needed
on the public highways to employ all
the Idle or surplus labor for a century.
Tlie improvement of the roads, the
dredging streams, and especially of
tlie Mississippi, where annually mill­
ions of damage is done by the over­
flow. the irrigation of arid lands, the
preservation of forests and the drain­
age of tlie swamps are the great pub­
lic problems that should lie occupying
tlie public mind. Municipal, state and
national laws should be enacted now
for the. building of roads, so that
when the industrial storm comes it
will not be too lute to breast it.”
J. I). ROCKEFELLER AND HIS NEW WIG.
feature of the ominous flow of people
to tlie cities Is tlie phenomenal develop­
ment of manufactures. There may
come a time when manufactures will
so overbalance agriculture that there
will not lie enough bnalc wealth pro­
duced to afford a profitable market
for tilie factory-made goods. When
tlie industrial situation shall become
so unbalanced, a commercial crash of
stupendous magnitude must ensue.
From the WashlngtonPost'
"Ordinarily my experience has been that bears were not greatly flur­
ried when I suddenly came upon them."—Theodore Roosevelt in Scrib­
ner's for October.
As Helpless Babes.
House In which
Washington
LI veil.
The KI teli n a
it was a
Ilunilreil Years
Ago.
Ing untilled and useless, and the house
and outbuildings were showing signs
of the passing of the years. The glory
of that splendid home was departing.
A Woman’» Work.
non, accompanied by only a few serv­
ants. Miss Cunningham, the regent,
was prohibited from crossing the mili­
tary lines and could not join her. For
four long years Miss Tracy remained at
the lonely home, managing the estate
and guarding the buildings.
The plan of the rehabilitation of
Mount Vernon, by returning to its
rnnms the original furnishings, or arti-
To the great credit of John Augus­
tine Washington it Is related that he
refused absolutely to consider proposi­
tions advanced by private companies
and individuals to purchase the estate,
to be converted later into a pleasure
resort. Think of the desecration—a
vaudeville performance on that magni
fleent stretch of lawn, waiters bearing
their burdens of food and drink
through those stately halls, the daily
uproar of irreverent crowds.
And then can.e Miss Ann Pamela
Cunningham, of South Carolina. She
visited Mount Vernon in 1853 and was
shocked and grieved- at the fate in
store for the historic spot. She con­
ceived the plan of rousing the women
of her beloved southland to the true
state of affairs and enlisting their co
operation In the raising of a fund ol
$200,000, the price asked for the house
outbuildings, wharfage, garden an<
some two hundred actes of farmlands
So Bhe went to work, and It must b<
remembered that fifty years ago ft took
no small amount of bravery for a
woman to Inaugurate and carry on an
undertaking of such magnitude. But
after five years of effort the whole of
• he $200.000 was In hand. It was
found impracticable to confine the
propaganda to the Southern States, so
the North was invited to assist, which
she did in generous measure.
At the close of 1858 the Mount Ver­
non estate was purchased and the title
OLD FASHIONED
passed to the Mount Vernon Lsdie3
cles similar In design .nd construction
Association of the Union.
generally
Butaev«?
Freed from Taxation.
woman should kno
women of
A charter was secured from the State that
to the loyal. Patriotic »omen ot
of Virginia, granting exemption from the land belongs the credit of saving
taxation, the association in return from ruin and obliteration the fine old
binding itself to the task of restoring
to its original condition and preserving home of the Father of his country.
Then the city-trained men wlio
know not how to make bread out of
the soli will clamor for work, curse
the economic condition of the period,
denounce tlie state, threaten tlie re­
public witli nil sorts of fantastic then-
rles. and there will be acute friction
la-tween tile few rich and tlie multi­
tude of poor. Gradually men will
drift back to the land and learn to
make their living with the plow and
reaper and a satisfactory equilibrium
between agriculture and manufactures
will once more be readied. Before
tills result Is attained, there will
be intense suffering. Families that
are in comfortable circumstances will
know the meaning of misery, and
families now affluent will fall Into
beggarv. All this is not a dream.
Men of clearest vision see it coming.
Rockefeller’» Prophecy of Panic.
It Is what Mr. John D. Rockefeller
sees when he predicts, as he did in a
recent interview "an industrial crisis
of world-wide extent and unprece­
dented severity.”
.......................
Mr. Rockefeller says the crisis will
he brought on by overproduction In
ail lines. The Standard OH magnate
JULES MELINE.
It makes no difference whether Mr.
Rockefeller be right or wronfc in his
forecast of a gathering storm, Ills plnn
for tlie employment of surplus labor
is a practical and profitable one and
his enumeration of road building, riv­
er Improvement Irrigation, forest pres­
ervation and swamp draining, as tlie
truly great national problems Is phil­
osophic. The work needs to be done,
and eventually it must lx* done, If the
United States is to progress. Waste
is national loss—waste by flood and
drought as well as waste by Are.
Every acre of land should tie made to
pay. The government promotes re-
scorch and experimentation In agri­
culture, with a view to Increasing tlie
effectiveness of tillage; there is no
reason why it should not give counte­
nance and support to reclamation of
land and the enchancement of the fer­
tility of land already under culture.
It Is the land the farm, which is the
pedestal of the republic.
There should lie no effort to mini­
mize the wortli of manufactures—
processes that work up the raw prod­
ucts of the earth into serviceable
forms. The ores from which are ob­
tained the metals of commerce are as
much a product of the land as corn,
wheat and cotton—not as primarily
Important, but quite as necessary to
man In Ills present highly organized
social state. It Is difficult to draw
the line tietween some of the basic
manufactures and agriculture, for the
Iron furnaces and steel mills build the
railroads and bridges which give
farmers a short-cut to markets.
schedule« were Illustrated by rep-
esentatlves who called on Speaker
Cannon. It happened that one day
a prominent Massachusetts ........
called to Impress the speaker with the
easy milnner In which the tariff might
be revised.
‘You see,” declared the Massachu­
setts member, "we nil make too milch
over tlie difficulties In revising tlie
tariff. It would really be very sim­
ple. We would only have to put hides,
wool and coal on the free list and the
country would Is- practically satisfied.
We might do more, but that would
really tie enough. There could be no
difficulty in coming to an agreement
on that—merely a matter of n few
weeks.”
The speaker listened Intently as
he always does listen to advice. But
trailing on the heels of the Massachu­
setts member «"nine a representative
from Illinois who also wanted to re­
vise the tariff. He started in the same
as his predecessor. He thought there
was altogether too much fuss made
French Statesman Also Predicts
Panic«
But tbe point is. that where manti-
fsetures develop out of proportion to
the growth of agriculture, the world
Ils being turned wrong Side up. Mr.
Meline In declaring that tlie overpro
does not stand alone as a prophet »f dnetion of manufactures will lend to
Impending evil. Essentially the mime an industrial crash, says; "There Is |
prediction Is made by Senator Jules room for everyone under the sun, but !
Moline, once premier of France, and on condition of sharing up the good
of the earth, instead of concen- I
a man of keen perception. penetration i things
and of broad understanding. This »rating upon one department of actlv-
statemau says that the crisis which 1 ity.”
Is having very little effect on them.
In fact the protectionists do not even
cure to discuss that phase of the ques­
tion. A revision of the tariff with the
declared purpose to simply lower the
schedules they say would have the
same effect on .........ountry that they
claim would follow an attack on
tlie tariff principles by tlie free-trad
ers. They claim that merchants would
not buy goods when lower tariff rates
might still further reduce the price
they would have to pay. That condi­
tions lasting six months they fear
would upset all business conditions.
They say It might mean panic.
But they are likely to have their
views very forcibly contested by the
tariff revslonlsts next w inter. The re­
visionists and the men who believe in
tin- principles of reciprocity are band
Ing together to give battle In the halls
of Congress. The citadel Is now dis
tlnctlv In tlie control of the stand pal
tors and It Is to be seen what pow< •
the revisionists will develop In contest­
ing their ascendancy.
Every reader of this paper should have this book.
Cut off the coupon and mail to us with $1.50.
...
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Illustrated
by
Ernest
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U
By
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Published August 1st
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