Vol. V, No. 2
TILLAMOOK. OREGON. THURSDAY.
JUNE 9.
1892.
$1.50 Per Year.
PROFESSIONAL CARDS.
U V. V. JOHNSON. M. D.
It Is Often Carried on the I’pp^r Decks
of Steamship« to Keep It Coul.
Office on next door to Temperance Parlors.
Tillamook, • Oregon.
1'ÍÁCTfRfckS OF AX‘u DEAtKkS IN ALL KINDS OF
£ ESELPH,
ATTORNEY-AT-I.AW.
TILLAMOOK,
-
-
-
-
OREGON.
Rough
Dressed
and
Merchantable
J T. MAULSBY,
of EVepy Description, Brackets, Etc.
Attorney-at-Law.
Motary Public and Real Estate Conveyancer.
A
I
Lumber
Flooring and Rustic a ¡Specialty.
V '• ' *•*
ALL ORDERS FILLED PROMPTLY.
W. SEVERANCE,
1
D kputy -D istrict -A ttoknky ,
Ard Judicial District,for Tillamook County
TILLAMOOK,
-
OREGON.
TILLAMOOK,
gLAUDE THAYER,
TILLAMOOK. OREGON.
ÿAN BUREN BROMLEY,
ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR
AT-LAW,
OREGON.
MAY CITY,
OEEG-O1T
HE best investment yon can make
is to insure your life, and. thus pro
vide your estate with cash at your deatli,
or if you live, give you a sum of money
a few years later.
Attorney-at-Law.
T he M assachusetts M utual L ife I nsurance C o
MISCELLANEOUS.
Write the best policy, guaranteeing you cash and paid up insurance every year,
so you cannot lose your money in case of misfortune. Send me your name and
age and I will send you a sample policy.
g S l E. THAYER,
BANKERS.
W. F. 0. JONES, Local Agt.
General Banking and Exchange business.
Interest paid on time deposits.
H. G. COLTON, Gen’l Ag’t, 33 Stark St-, Portland, Ort.
Exchange on England, Belgium, Germany,
Sweden and all foreign countries.
-
TILLAMOOK,
-
-
OREGON.
5
J F. LARSON,
BLACKSMITH.
Wagon making, aud nil kind« of Wood-work
Blacksmithing done.
and General
--------------------
Mill
Machinery Repaired.
Hor»e-«lioeiiig a Specialty.
TILLAMOOK, OSS.
I
Ml» L. J. RUGOLES
Our stock consists of Dry Goods, Clothing, Boots and Shoes, Huts, Caps
and Notions. Groceries, Crockery, and Queensware. Doors, Windows, Lime,
Hair, and Cement. Hardware und Nails, gj^rspecial attention given to
filling ordeis for goods in jobbing lots.
RUGGLES & JOHNSON,
MILLINERY AND DRESS
MAKING.
A gents for
»1 eu nier
We always keep
the latest styles.
Near Court House,
'
TILLAMOOK LAUNDRY.
LESTER HART, PROPRIETOR.
J. K. S ibley ,
Manager, Hobsonville, Ore
OFFICIAL DIRECTORY.
twits cleaned to order.
UNITED STATES.
President ........................ B enjamin H a tut iron
. .. L evi P. M orton
Vice-President
J ames G. B laine
Secretary of State
. C harles F oster
Secretary of Treasury
j . IV. N oble
r»ecrtftary of Interior
..................8. B. E lkins
Secretary of War
.........
B. F T RACY
Secretary of Navy
J ohn W anamaker
Postmaster-General
PROPRIETOR.
W. H. II. M iller
Attorney-General
The best Beef, Veal, Pork and Mutton always Secretary of Agriculture
J eremiah R isk
and
on hand. Eggs, Butter, Vegetables t--
STATE OF OREGON
S. P ennoyer .
i Governor
...........................
Chickens bought and sold.
G. W. M c BRIPK
1 Secretai y of State
P hil . M etchan
Satisfaction guaranteed to every one.
Treasurer
E. B. M c E lrov
I Snpt. of Public Instruction
Shop opposite the Grand Central.
I Printer
.............................. F rank C. B aker
(R. S.S trahan
TILLAMOOK, ORE. I
)w. P. L ord
I Supreme Judges
<R. 8. B ean
1 J. H. M itchell
, Senators ..........
) J. N. Poi.rH
B. H ermann
i Congressman ...
f J. T. Apperson,
Register.
U. S. Land Office, Oregon City \ B. F. Burch,
(
Receiver.
TILLAMOOK, ORE.
CENTRAL MARKET,
NEHALEM CITY
T he B est P lace to I nvest
L. H. BROWN,
yiLLAMOOK LIVERY STABLE,
Magnificent Timber
Ridi Coal Deposit«
Productive Farm Land.
ÎOWNSITE
jriy Buy now while lota are cheap.
HENRY TOEHL, Nehalem, Ore.,
THIRD JUDICIAL DISTRICT.
Joint Senator
K
•
Circuit Court
K »J* ,-£
<• G B ingham
First-class single and double turn-outs kept on Prosecuting Attorney
TILLAMOOK COUNTY.
,,.WM D STILLWELL
Boarding and transient stock cared Representative
H. F. HOLDEN
uage
iw. T. W est
for.
Commissioner
ÎJ. K. Si blk V
,W. W. C onder
Clerk............... ...........
S am I kiwhs I
T illamook , okk .
Sheriff.............................
H IL M< DERMOTT .
Treasurer
F. M. L amb ’
Assessor.........................
J ohn En»
Surveyor
.
A T white
School Superintendent
..
Ix-»
Deputy Prosecuting Attorney A. w f>EA ERA! MCE ¡
^CRE TRACTS AND
T own lots .
Recorder
Attorney
Bar aalt at reanonablc price» and ou favorable Treasurer
Marshall
terms. Location best in the city of Ttlla-
Trustee*»
TILLAMOOK CITY.
....G. O. NOLAN
E. E SRLFII
.. c » e <> C ohn
H. sexton
¿J ohn B arker . Prcsiden
*A. P W ilson
iG. W P kttit
Carr WM. I> STILLWELL.
T illamook , okk .
SOCIETY DIRECTORY
a. A. g.-Meet» tlral »nd third wednroday of
W m . O lsen , R ec .S ec y .
• c * < M —Meet» «rat Saturday night of
e^hmJnth b. 10 O K II»"
<> ' '
Will make regular trip», the weather perm
In., from
TILLAMOOK TO ASTORIA AMD PORTLAND.
rw Frelcht rat« or Pa««a.e. apply to
P. SCHRADER. Master.
For Treasurer,
George Cohn,
CHAFrE«-M«t..r»t goturdoj. ’
of
WH-M
AOV W.-Mwt. every Monday "jt« •« 7
r ■ li o A. B. Hall, rx.li.r - M * • A
W SEVrSANCF. RRCDRDFR
-Meet« on Är»t Tne«-
Wro»». r.K«roK»T
H FKK*». SKC’T.
NEHALEM MILL CO., Astoria, Ore.
Notice is hereby given that by vlrtub of a war
rant is.»ucd by the Recorder ot Tillamook City
in Tillamook t ernnty nnd state of Oregon on the
13th day of of April
and duly signed by
i’. Cn-nshaw Recorder of said city and to me di
rected commanding me to sell the following des
cribed real property to wit:
fA>ts No, I. 2, 3 and 4 of Blk. No 3, of Stillwell s
Addition to Tillamook, owned by George Black
well, amount dttvF* 7$ am)cost h .
Ix>t 1, in Blk. 22 of Thayer's Addition to Tilla
mook, owned by C. Jones, amount due frl. 35 and
co.-t.
Public notice therefore is hereby given that on
Saturday the j«h d.iv of May. t*u at the hour
of one o'clock P. M. of said day in front of the
Council Chamlier door in obedience to said order
I will sell the above described ret! property nr
so much thereof as shall be necessary to satisfy
the amounts assessed to each described tract to-
g.-thcr « ith all cost ect. to the highest and beat
bidder for gold coin of the United States.
lM(e<l Tillamook City, Oregon, April iX. i*r
J>. H. SEXTON,
City Marshal.
Ä
SHILOH'S
CONSUMPTION
CURE.
K- . ... W
Ri< HAKbsog. Parma
M E CnrncH S ovth —Fir*t -1undA\ razeed*
I t axqt-tKiMTn warrs tub »**•
—iltVnT t- p«r<iv»
Tillamook. A. M and
«chool ho«-* •<
Third Sunday at
~
A new and complete treatment roiftriating of
SuppoMtoriea, Ointment« in Capsule*«, h ! m > in
Box nnd pills: a Positive cure for External, In
ternal. Blind or Bleeding! Iti hing. Chronic, Re
cent or Hereditary Pile«, and many other dia-
rasi « nnd female weaknt-s. it Is always a great
lienefil to th< general health. 'Die tir~t dfirov-
cry of a medical cure rendering an operation of
the knife unnecessary hereafter This remedy
hns uever been known to fail. $i per box, 6 for
*5 sent by mail. Why suffer from this terrible
(ftsesac, when a written guarantee is given with
six boxes, to refund the money if not cured-*
Send stamp fur free soinple. Guarantee issued
by W ooi » aki », C lark IkCo., wholesale and retail
druggists. Sole Agent«, Portland, Oregon. 51
OiM 0.18 Million
» YABD OF FEWBIOW EXAMIML«»
Applicant, for pendón, will rece re medics!
e„S?in.tlou »I hr. H. V V. Johnaou ■ drug
.tore .... Wednesday otI each
„
■fo-rdolK«™*"- )H
„
^AVB T<X Y1MK
,
NOTICE.
Notice 1« hereby given th»«t weal- 4 bid- for the
p'lintin of the County Court HouM. will be re-
ripv»"d by the County Court of Tillamook Co.
Oregon upto and including the frth day of July
(Boa.
By order of County Court
MOST
M-ok. fit» kind JQ||||£R<|
IV W Connell, Clerk.
,
ever pt. • i-hvd. <>lv*'- me»»
lllMOYS
urra. ntof «Ilk.n.l.of LumMr. LUMstM
I..«» I-I.tik, Scantling, cnl.u .
.un
control- of »quare and round
«HU
TH.bcr lot-
lu I'erd-.l-r- IfP
g j (
wood mro.ure. apee-1
u
ruin,
•aw» care of
coni wood table*: felling
tn-ea-KHmth of tree»: land r>o«»„re. «»»'■»
rent board. Inter, .t »rare and leading tiolre
Hr standard book throughout the t-nltrd
late« aw l Canada. Get the new Hlu.traUd
edition of iWJ A»k roar book teller for it.
.dent pout paid for j< eenta
G W Floher.Box 238 Hochegter N.V
The Regular Democratic
Nominee.
■
Ì
Notice of Sale.
Mi KF. C.
C. X. 1>. kw . CH!
M K. cm acR -livIHfo«« ""y*?!
flanger I 1 riiyilcal Colture.
For full particulars call on or address :
or
JONES B ros . P roprietors .
THESI’AUGUSTA.
Ilow Not to Get Into I'rlnU
Don't havo any enemies.
Don’t havo any friends.
Don't inherit money.
Don’t lose it.
Don’t sign any petitions.
Don't subscribe to any lecture courses
of stock companies.
Don’t recommend anything.
Don’t get victimized.
Don't exhibit any public spirit.
Don’t tell stories.
Don't register i.t a hotel.
Don't visit a friend in an adjoining
township or elsewhere.
Don't allow other pooplo to visit yon.
Don't show any interest in music, art,
literature, sclonce or education.
Don't meet long lost friends or re'a-
tives.
Don't go insane.
Don't get nick.
Don't accept presents.
Don't do anything that might bring
yon a vote of thanks or condemnation.
Don't sue nnybody.
Don't get sued.
Don't go to law at all.
Don't livo to bo an octogenarian.
Don't di?.—Detroit Tribune.
The fast sailing S tr . T rvck E k lias been specially fitted up for carrying pas
sengers. Following are the rates:
CABIN PASSAGE .......................................................................................... «IS.
ROUND TRIP............................................................................................... <20.
STEERAGE (one way)...................................................................................... »9.
Freight, (General Merchandise)
....
•
$-1 per ton
T illamook , O hs .
Washing gathered and delivered every
weak. Work done on short notice when desired.
Starched «hirt« lscts each. Common Shirts and
drawers, 6 to iOct« each. Family washing and
ironing, sOcts per dozen.
Ammonia lias been carried in con
siderable quantities on the npper decks
of steamships, but in many vessels tho
lx>ttle3, earboys, or tins are stowed in tho
between decks. In fact, they ore seme
times stowed in vacant cabins of cargo j
vessels. Tho explosion of ono of theso
receptacles awakened attention to tlio
placing of such substances dangerously
near heat. The master of the vessel on
i whoso ship the explosion happened un
screwed the tops of all those undamaged. 1
and thus allowed tho gas to blow off.
Restrictions on carriago of dangerous
goods were imposed under tho merchant
shipping act, 1873, section 23 of which
provides that if any person sends or at
tempts to send by, or, not being the mus
ter or owner of the vessel, carries or at
tempts to carry in any vessel, British
or foreign, any dangerous goods, such us
aquafortis, vitriol, naphtha, gunpowder,
1 lncifer matches, nitroglycerin, petro
leum, or any other goods of a dangerous
nature, without distinctly marking their
nature on the outside of the jiackages
containing tho same, mid also giving
written notico of the nature of such
goods and the name aud address of the !
sender, he shall be liable to a penalty
not exceeding £100; but if the person
sending tho goods on board is merely an
agent nnd ignorant of its contents, tho
penalty ¡3 not to exceed ten pounds.
Falso description makes the sender
liable to a penalty of £500. The master
or owner of a ship may refuse to take on
board a vessel any suspicions package,
and may require it to lie opened to ascer
tain its contents. Clauso 20 in tho a<-t
i has always been looked upon ns a rais-
i take in legislation. Tho master of a
¡‘ship is cmixiwerej to throw overboard
! goods cf a dangerous nature which have
lx.'cn sent without being marked or noti
fied of their true character, nnd neither
tho master nor iho owner of tho vessel
shall lx> subject to any liability for such
casting into tho sea, civil or criminal, in
any court.
Thero is no reason for denouncing tho
carriago of ammonia by sea, but it it of
the greatest importance that each special
componnd should bo accurately defined,
and that it ought not to bo exposed to
heat. If everything that expanded on
submission to heat wero interdicted, tho
shipping trado would lio sadly liam-
pcred. For example—yeast is shipped
for conveyance, and is usually carried
on deck. In hot weather tho casks havo
been broken and hoops burst from ex
posure to tho sun, although no material
damago is done. Wo could na-.no other
breakages, but enough has been urged
to bring homo tho necessity for under-
rtanding what to carry and where to
stow it.—Chemical Trade Journal.
TILLAMOOK, SAN FRANCISCO AND WAY PORTS.
Makes regular trips about every two weeks, the weather Permitting.
Hats, Dress Trimmings and a General Assort
ment of Millinery Goods.
-
They keep on hands at tlieir store in
Hobsonvllle the largest stock of goods
in Tillamook Conntv.
Mrs. J. JOHNSON
MASCULINE
THE TRANSPORT OF AMMONIA.
L. H iner , Pivsilmt.
II in. Ebernian, Viet President
IVm. D. Stiliceli, Treasurer.
L. Creubnaw
Witt. Barker,
p
ly di- ..-'inn-
th» eo»»ty •"
The «nere»» r.t th!« Great Consti Cure la
without a parall-l In the hiatory of medicina.
Alldrucxiataareautl.odaedtoMllltoe a pou
ltice guarantee, a teat that no other cure can
meceaaful.y >t»nd. That It may become
liaowii, the Proprietors, at an enormous ei-
penue. arc p axiey a Sample Bottle Pre. Into
eaery home in the fnited Staten and Canada
If TOW hare a Court. More Throat, or Bron
chite, ul it. lor It will core y-m. II your
childha» th»C’rcup. or WhoopingCo«<h. haa
It promptly, and re lie! la tore. It you dread
that in* I metre dlaaaae Conromptlon, nae It.
A*lr your ilmrriat for SHILOH'S OTRE,
Price l.cta.. Meu. aodn.Ot. ft your Long»
It is beginning to l.o midcrr.to > 1 that
physical cnltnre i.bonld l.o undertaken
intelligently r.irl with moderation. A
London girl u i ..t I ■
from h<r first
lesson, which was a vi .lent <.:io, and <lir-
covered a strnugo coniliilon of licrtieck
a littlo at ono ride of tha throat .; mot
tled appearance, with tettici! 1 !<,o:l be
neath. Tho phyticii.n to v. lun.i i bo rp-
plied raid thero v i.t t. >> uiedy; twnno
littlo blood vi ss< bi Im 1 given way under
the severo and una< oustomc l exercise,
and her naturally thin akin revealed tho
mishap more than would perllap« hap
pen in another case.
Tho injtiri i f.ro not r > f. oqnent to
young girls, v. i' h supple joint ‘ nnd ea- ily
moved muscles and tendons, but middle
aged women should begin very carefully.
Many such, to ri.l them:« Ives of an un-
bccomi.lg t.-nda-icy to corpulence, take
to extraordinary acrobatic feats not un
attended with real danger t 11» ruoti» un
accustomed to violent cx< ri i
Iler
Point of View in New York Times,
T1»o yfysterloa« I’ourr of <ho Turquuliw.
Tho turquoise, although not credited
with cither remedial or protective prop
erties, so far ns disease was concerned,
was nevertheless regarded at a l ii.d of
sympathetic indicator, the intensity of
its color bol-.ig supposed to fluctuate with
tho health of tho wearer.
The latter, however, by virtno of tho
»tone be ca-rried, could, it was said, fall
from any height with Impunity. Tho
Marqniaof Vilena'« fool, however, was
somewhat nearer tho troth when ho re
versed the popular super»tition in bio
assertion that the wearer of a turquoise
might fall from the top of a high tower
and be dashed to pieces without break
ing tho stone.—Queries Magarino.
A Genial Tea« her.
MENTION.
WillU Menard, thb lirat negro ocagrbss
inan, is n clerk iu the cetiHUB bureau at
I72U a year
Kx CongreRsniau Pidcock, of New Jer*
«ey i» an exteuxlve |>feach grower, nnd con
trols about haif the orchards in Huuterdon
county
.Mr Blaine's fortune is estimated nt
at>out f75O,UU0. n friend of his says, nnd
much of it is invested in railroads and
finning proiierties
Franklin Pierce was tliti fourteenth pres
ideut. nnd his luitiai letters stand for
Fourteenth President. There are fourteen
letters in his name.
Bishop Spalding, of the Peoria (Ills.)
diocese, is ns loud of a good horse as nny
myman is
He hnndles the ribbons in a
truly scientific manner
Baron Nathan de Rothschild is an nma
teni photographer, who goes tramping
around the Italian frontier of Austria tak
lug snap shots at pretty views.
Air C R Ehnt, of New York, probaldy
holds the record for extreme brevity ol
tenure of oHIce. By grace of Bal maced a
hr was Chilian consul in the metropolis for
something teas than twenty four hours.
Giibebl K Jones, who succeeds Ills late
father as proprietor and editor of the New
V»rk rimes, is forty years of age. thor
onuhly conversant with ail branches of the
business and a maiiqf exemplary character
Francis Darwin, a son of the great apostle
ot evolution, is tiwoiniiig famous for his
researches in biology, and was recently
elected president of the biological section
ot the big Demographic congress in Ixm
don
Edward Atkinson, the statistician and
social economist, is a good looking ami
robust old gentleman, with snow white
han and whiskers, and has a heart y mag
net ism ot maimer which insures fits popti
.amy
john Fitzgerald, the president of the
Irish National league in America, Is the
richest man in Lincoln, Neb., having a
fort line ol fl.fsMl.UUO
He began his career
as a iftlmrei with pick and shovel on a
western railroad
Archliishop Ken rick, of St. Ixniia, is as
fond of taking long walks as Cardinal
GH i I niun is
He nevei enters a street car,
but as a result ot tils frequent jaunts about
the city on loot nearly every laxly in St.
I ahiis knows linn by sight.
John b Plummer is again on his feet in
Hie financial world
It has exhausted
neai iy every penny of Ills wife’s fortune to
meet his obligations, but lie ha*’ made an
arrangement with John D Rockefeller
which will probably result advantageously
Kx Senatoi Reagan, of Texas, a hard
headed, practical man ot the world, got it
iron* an obi darky that it would bring
him lit bu t une to put on tils left shoe first,
and nevei once in all the years that have
Mis'll has lie tailed to give the right foot
preference.
Clarence H
Freeman, the champion
checker player of the laud. Is a mulatto
w ith a slight tinge ol I'eqimt Indian blood
He used t-o be a portei and errand boy in
an old tavern In Providence, wliere ho
uvea mik I liegan
play checkers when ho
wae seven years old.
John Mackay, though one of the wealth
.vsi of the Pacific coast millionaires, is n
man ol verj simple tastes
He la always
web diessiMl lint never dlsplaya any jew
eir) not even a watch chain.
He is a
plain eater and is very abstemious in
drinking, even when enterlainiug
PLN, CHISEL
AND BRUSH.
Kate Fick! claims that within ten year«
Washington will l»e the literary nnd Intel
lectua. center of the United States.
Robert Browning once said that he Ooh
■idertsl •ThyrMia.” by .Matthew Arnold,
one of the most txwiuLlful poems in our
iMiiguagtt
M H De Young, the California editor,
started his first newspaper in San Fran
cisco in IW5 on a capital of twenty dollars,
nnd that loaned him by a more prosperous
acquaintance
Harriet Hosmer has. In her studio nt
Rome, a plaster <^ist u! the clns|M»d hands
ol Rolierl und Kli/.atreth Barrett Browning
I'liir vh *1 was made by Miss Hosmer In
Koine in ihTfci
A new German poetess, KI is» Frapan,*
mu- a{*|M-an'<l
She Is descrllxjd as of a can
did and -enallive nature, and her poetry is
rea<l ta*< anse she has a new way of looking
at ilungs and charms with her uueipect
e«lii«*sM
Donald G .Mitchell (Ik Marvel) Is now n
venerable man with the locks of a patri
arch
He leads a quiet and studious life
;n bis country home on the Connecticut
filllM devoliug fils time when out of doors
Lu ids iM-Hiitiliil lawns and garden
I’he moM prolific of English novelists Is
io be Mrs Alexander, who sits at her
desk every «lay and forces herself to accom
plisli a certain amount of work whether
•fie leelR in a moral for It ur not. .Mrs Al
exander la a well preserved woman of
matronly appearance
She is of Irish
Uirt h
Oliver Wendell Holmes attributes his
Vigor to the care he takes of himsélf. The
tern|>erHllire of his sleeping and dressing
room« lie guard« with great care, and the
thermometer is also srrriipiilously cm
ployeri before tie gets into a bath
Instead
of becoming a tyranny this habit aIIord«
mm entertainnient.
mm id
CROWN
AND SCEPTER.
The kaiser bas IUD paimof wbhotrouMrt.
The king of Siam is the handsomest ruler
in ibe orient
I'tie quwn ot Portugal gets her cigurettes
from Drwd« u
Die queen regent of Fpain consunies
Kgyplian cigaretUu« in large quantities.
I he exanua yield« to the passion for
nicotine but she only «mokes in her bon
tiolr s copy of one of the prettiest rooms
in the Alhambra, filled with palm trees.
The emproMM of Austria smokes thirty
to forty l uiklsh cigarettes every day
Ou
hft anting table there 1« a «liver box with
bl)« relief work tilled with cigarette« and a
gold arti tray
Pritwe George of
Wales, the ‘•tailor
prince' «u called. 1« so pour a sailor that
•very lime ne goes to sea be suffer»» all the
pangs (lie veriest plelieian landlubber en
dure« U|M)U his first ocean voyage.
Ltiry Hoopei writes from Paris that a
curious «|<ect«cle at Ail wm « a view of the
Prioress iz>u>e (the marchioness of lx>rn«*j
ho M bi ng brandy and sod« Mini smoking
Cigars on the balcony of the casino.
Agamiz taught rmtural history in Har
vard college an no other man h.;d taught
II is not easy to find a wife for Prince
in Amer^a before. He w» “tho Lent
friend that ever Btndeftt hail.” becatute Ferdinand of Hou mauls In coii*eq<i«p< c of
bis v«ry peculiar position. He Isa Kvmun
the meet genial and kindly. Cambridge 14H bo lie. but any children he nmy have ar«
people URcd to say thut one had “lnui to i* brougfit up as member« of the or
need of an overcoat in pawing A_;a«iix'd thodox cbur<b, an arrangeincnt which
lumse** than any other in that city.— precludes hi« marriage either with rot
1 HE BEST ROADS IN THE WORLD.
Those of France Bear That l>l«t¡octhui
ilow Money for Tllem ts llglsed.
Tho bent way to see iiuil aitidf a ro i 1
is to walk over it. Dnritlg tile
tv.-,
months 1 have been walking over the
country toads of France. They ure the
best In the wofld. They are perf- '-tly
smooth, but never slippery, always free
from dust in dry weather and liever
muddy after a rain; they are soft enon;,h
to afford a good footing for iidtses and
hard enough to be impervious to water,
und to bear without breaking the he.iv
lest of loadsS The Frenchman's te.mi
never lias to du an biinbe bf unnecesr u v
pulling.
There are nefei- liny l.mg
stretches of yielding sand bi cling'.o.
mud through which the load must
dragged. The result is that th« ma . t
mum load for a horse here is nearly
three times as great as the average maxi
mum load for a horse in America. That
means, practically, that one hors« here
does three times as much work as om
horse does in America, and, therefore,
that the French farmer in order to aChiev
the same results only Im« to buy and
maintain one-third us many tlraft hni
Inals as does his- American t-onfrere.
There is a conslilhrkblo saving there.
There is nothing at all c< V.plicilted in
the way these French roads are unlit.
They may bo generally classed under
the tracadam heading, although Some of
them are made of screened gravel. Tliij
occurs, however, only iu those localities
where it would be expensive to obtain
good stono fiir breaking. No arbitrary
rule has been adopted as to the material
to be used—all kinds are Utilised. That
which is easiest obtained nnd therefore
cheapest is always selected. Limestone
is more plentiful than anything else, and
therefore la oftenest used» but slate,
shale nnd not infrequently gneiss ate
also utilized. Then, also, us 1 liavo said,
screened gfavel comet into play where
no other material is easy of access. Nor
is thero atty fixed depth which all French
roada must have. This important qties-.
tion is left wholly to tlio judgment bf
the molt supervising its construction.
Tlio coating of broken stone is some
times only six inches thick. Eight
inches of prepared material are oftener
interposed between the eartli nnd the
road's surface, and sometimes the road
is as many as ten indies deep.
It is more the attention given to the
highway after the builders have com
pleted their work than it is the original
construction which has brought French
roads so near to perfection. The system
of road maintenance in vogue in France
would, in a few years, change tiny road,
no matter how bad it was, into a good
one without any formal reconstruction.
The Locret of the Frenchman’s success
as n road builder is that ho realizes the'
very important fact tliat Ho matter how
well a rood is built ft will depreciate
with tlio lapse of time if it is not con
stantly waU-'ied mid cared for. Eternal
vigilanco is hi t motto.
Thero are road officers constantly ort
the alert und peoplo working on the
roads under special direction. Every
seventy to one hundred feet along the
roadside will lie found o:io or two yards
of broken «toiio to be m-ed in case of re
pairs. This stone is broken sd that it
will pass through about a 2 inch ring.
The road viewers are well educated tncn,
highly scientific in their attainine-.its, and
have to do not alone with tho roads them
selves, but bridge« In nil tlieir de
tails- masonry, drainage, and, in fact,
quite u range of civil mid mechanical en
gineering. These men give this Work
tlieir undivided attention mid subject the
roads toconi t.uit inspection.
Mo t of the labor which comes ander
tlieir directi.m Is done by fanners or
peasants who are working out their riant
tax, preferring, r.s they do. to do this
rather Ilian mako payments in cash.
However, thero is nothing perfnnctory
about this service, it must us bf a high
character mid subject to tlio inspection
and approval of ncompetent official. As-
•csiuents uro mado nt tlio Is-ginning of
each jear for the amount required for
various iniprovcmetits, which is more or
less, according to tho expected require
ments. Tho necessary cash io «conrod
through a vehicle tax, which amounts to
ono dollar a year on a two wheeled cart
and two dollars a year on a four wheeled
cart. W lien it is considered that tho road
tax must be worked out or paid, not alono
by those who livo along the roadside, but
us well by othi r.i win teprivate roadways
connect with them, it is easy to see that
the great labor of preparing m il caring
for the.“o highways i* lightly distributed.
Thu drainage of tlio roadway Is quite
us nn[M>rtant ns tlieircompositioB. TherW
is II grass plot about six feet wide on
each side <J the mainway, and a little
gntu-r is formed by » raise In this grass
ipace, but cut through it ami to the
main gutter on the siilojire constantly
recurring small ditches. They are usu
ally about a foot wide and are not often
more than three or four inches deep.
Thr-y occur about every thirty ur forty
feet on each side of the roadway, and
connect with a deep gutter on tile out
ride of the grass ph t. This main gutter
is atKiiit five fist wide. Tho roadway
Itself varies from lif eu to eighteen feet
in width.
Units II. U ibbom .
Le Fount, Erittaiiy.
C«»iivlrt L»»l»or on Rnai!«.
It would pay everywhere t > construct
the Ix’iit inac.uiaiiiizc'l r
aud thd
work khouhl be undertaken by the etatd
where long I horough farm are required.
Wo have often hu ^. x stvd that it need
coHt very little if «he convict« and criin
Inah who cannot bo given their liberty
because of tlieir im rent rained depravity
were employed at the task. This Wonhl
rih-ct a double object. It wonhl bnild
splendid rn Is at small cost throughout
fho length un I breadth of the land, amt
It would tend to restrain crime. It M
littlo hardship to the burglar or the high
wayman to kc p him in prison, where hv
U Well fed su I clothed, ami lietter cared
for on ths Who!« than th!-average of
bouett labcrurt who s-ipport them t<Ives.
If bo were «st to breaking »toms an I road-»
building la a cliaiu guiig ana luado th
ci-.t bis bread In tho swrnt of Ills face,
under a turning July t.
er iu ttu <