Pope Paul Throws Influence Behind Movement
To Bring Church Reform And Christian Reunion
(EDITOR'S NOTE: Thll ii
the last of three dispatches
by United Press Internation
al'! religion writer summing
up the work of the second
session of the Ecumenical
Council.
Hy LOUIS TASSELS
VATICAN CITY (UPP-Pope
Paul VI lias demonstrated at
the second session of Hie Ecu
menical Council that he is
wholly committed to the great
vision of church reform and
Christian reunion which ani
mated the laic Pope John
XXIII.
Any douhls which may have
lingered in the minds of kheral
Catholic bishops about Pope
.'Paul's attitude have been re
' moved during the past few
. weeks.
' Quietly but forcefully, lie has
thrown the weight of the papal
office behind the council fathers
who are striving to renew and
modernize the Catholic Church,
and lo remove roadblocks from
the long road to Christian uni
ty. . His influence often has been
". exerted in subtle and indirect
' ways, because he is very an--xious
to avoid any appearance
of dictating to the council, But
it has been made clear to all
even lo the adamant conserva
tives on the council's key theo
logical commission that the
Pope meant exaclly what he
said In his opening address to
the council on Sept. 29.
At that lime, the Pontiff sum
moned the church to "move
forward boldly" along the path
marked out by his predecessor,
John XXIII.
Means Business
Even before the council con
vened, Pope Paul was trying to
make clear to his old col
leagues in the Roman Curia
I lie citadel of stand-pat conser
vatives that he meant busi
ness about reform. In a re
markable address to Die Curia
on Sept. 21, he said bluntly that
it deserved criticism and
needed reform. Ho added he
would not tolerate any efforts
on the part of Curia members
who are supposed to function as
the Pope's secretaries lo side
track the work of the council.
; But old habits die hard. Al
though consistently outvoted on
the council floor by huge ma
jorities, the preservers of the
Btatus quo, led by Alfredo Car
dinal Otlavlanl, still wield enor
mous power In the backstage
machinery of the council. They
are particularly well entrenched
in the theological commission,
which must pass on all docu
ments affecting doctrine. Olta
vlanl Is chairman of this com
mission. Apparent Early
Early In this council session,
It became obvious lo the fa
thers that there was going to
be trouble about getting Ottavi
ani's commission to bring to a
final voto a document which as
serts that bishops have a di
vine right to share with the
Pope, In the government of the
church. Pope Paul had said in
his opening adress that this
document was the most im
portant business of this council
session, and Its basic principles
were approved by overwhelm
ing majorities In a series of test
votes on Oct. 30. But the word
filtered back to liberal bishops
that Ottaviani's commission
was simply "silling on" Uie
document, rather than prepar
ing a final draft for formal
adoplion.
The suspicion that the crucial
document had been pigeon
holed was heightened when 01
taviani and oilier conservative
cardinals closely allied to him
declared In council debate that
the Oct. 30 voles were not bind
ing on the commission,
and that the whole Issue of
bishops sharing power with the
Pope was still unsettled.
Angers Liberals
Tins outraged the liberal
bloc. The lid blew off the sim
mering dispute on Nov. 8, when
Joseph Canknal Frings of Co
logne, Gcrmanv, ripped into Ot
MOK .... MOK .... MOU . T
taviani at a tense and drama
tic council session. Klines said
it was "indeed amaimg" for
the llieological commission to
. suggest that the issue was un
settled. He bluntly reminded
' the comnssion that it Is sup
posed to lunclion only as i
-tool of the council and to ex
ecute the will of the council
fathers."
Within hours after ' Wines'
speech had electrified the
council, Hie Vatican grapevine
was pasting the word tint Pope
Paul had called Wines Into lus
office and had expressed whole
hearted agreement,
A few nights later, wlxn the
theological commission was
holding a meeting with Ottavi
'.nl In the chair, a papal at
Undent arrived, bearing a mes
sage, lis content have never
been made ptiblic, but persons
present said that It was a hand
written letter from Ihe Pope,
Area of the Great Lakes Is
equal to the combined spread of
Belgium, tlie Netherlands, Lux
embourg and four Donmarks.
and that it expressed quite for
cibly his desire that the com
mission proceed expeditiously
with its proper work of carry
ing out the expressed will of
the council fathers.
Expands Commissions
The Pope later expanded
membership of the commis
sions to make Ihem more lib
eral in make-up, more respon
sive to Ihe council majority,
and more responsive to its will.
That same night, Otlaviani
appointed several suhcommis
sions to begin working on the
details of the church govern
ment document. There is no
hope that it will be ready for
voting before the present ses
sion ends Dec. 4, but council
fathers anticipate it will be tlie
first order of business when
they reconvene next fall.
This episode is typical of the
undramalic and often secret
backstage role which Pope Paul
has played in the council. His
hand rarely shows in public,
but the fathers are learning
that his views arc accurately
represented by the four moder
ators whom he named to pre
side over the council and par
ticularly by one of lliem. I,co
Joseph Cardinal Suenens of Bel
gium. Leads Liberal Woe
Cardinal S u e n e n s has I
PAGE-2C
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emerged as the Pope's closest
friend and confidante. He is
also leader of tlie council's lib
eral bloc. It was Suenens
whom tlie Pope chose to deliver
an address at the midpoint of
the session, ostensibly to honor
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tlie anniversary of Pope John
XXIII's election, but actually to
reawaken in the minds of the
council fathers the shining
image of Pope John's ideals.
Pope Paul listened from the
papal throne in St. Peter's at
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OCT. 21
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Suenens spoke, and warmly em
braced him at the end of tlie
6peech. There could be no more
eloquent way of telling the
council fathers where Pope
Paul stands on reform and re
union. Tlie brilliant, scholarly pon
tiff with dcep-sct eyes 'may
never have the popular touch
which endeared his predecessor
lo all mankind, but as one
noted American theologian
commented, "It would be hard
to conceive of a Pope better
qualified, by experience and at
titude, to cany through the
work which Poie John began."
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