Pilgrims Gave Thanks As New Day Seemed To Be Dawning
By PETER J. CROMN
PLYMOUTH, Mass. (UPI
Disease and famine plagued the
Plymouth colony that chill au
tumn nearly three and a half
centuries a?o, but a new and
better day appeared to be dawn
ing and it x?emed appropriate
to pause and say thanks to God.
i
I At that first Thanksgiving, a
three-day Dutch treat cockout.
the 48 sunning pilgrims said
thanks for the meagerest of
blessings the means to sus
tain life. Their example of faith
and thankfulness may seem al
most incredible to Christians of
the present day, 342 years later.
For the most part Americans
will sit down Thanksgiving be
fore generous platters of turkey
to reflect on their general abun
dance. It was exactly 100 years ago.
in 18S3, Hat President Abraham
Lincoln proclaimed a national
Thanksgiving holiday and es-
omer;
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tablished the last Thursday of
November as the time of the
observance. Before 18S3,
Thanksgiving was celebrated on
different dates in tie various
states, spread across eight
months.
Cries Of Outrage
In 19W. President Franklin D.
Roosevelt moved up Thanksgiv
ing to the third Thursday, giv
ing rife to cries of outrage from
traditionalists who continued to
observe the event on the fourth.
The national observance revert
ed to the fourth Thursday in
liMl and has so remained.
If Americans today almost
take for granted their bountiful
supply of oven-roasted turkey,
assorted trimmings, fresh-frozen
vegetables and thaw 'n'
serve pumpkin pie. such w as not
the case with the Massachusetts
colonists.
As November approaclied in
1821. Pilgrim loaders sat down
and took stock of their con
dition. Life was hard. Half their
number had died sine first
coming to this strange but beau
tiful land. Even so, the P i 1
grims realized tremendous hard
ships had been overcome and
recognized that better days
were ahead.
Hostile Indians no longer men
aced the colony and the Pil
grims' summer - long famine
ended when they harvested 20
acres of a grain strange to
them Indian corn.
Suddenly squadrons of ducks
and geese seemingly appeared
from nowhere during that crisp
autumn to further ease the food
shortage.
Day For Feasting
The 43 pilgrims indeed had
cause for giving thanks, and.
according to Dr. Uleason L, Ar
cher, former counselor-general
of the Society of Mayflower
Descendants. Governor Bradfor
set aside a day for prayer and
feasting.
In their exuberance, the Pil
grims invited Indian Chief Mas
sasoit to participate in the cele
bration. The Pilgrims hinted to the
Indian chieftain that ho might
bring a few close friends to
share in the harvest meal. In
stead of just bringing his broth
er Quadqucna and a few mem
bers of his high command as
the Pilgrims expected, he ar
rived with 90 other Indians
all hungry.
There was hardly enough food
to whet the appetite of the hun
gry Indians and settlers
Massasoit was told of the Pil
grims' plight and the Indian
immediately informed his follow
ers and ordered them to return
to tlie woodlands lor deer and
wild turkeys.
Tliey soon reappeared w ith
five deer and turkeys galore.
Elder Brewster stood, and
with head bowed, offered
thanks to God.
Then the giant Dutch treat
cook-out began.
I1KK All) AND NEWS, Klamath Falls. Oregon
Thursday, November !S, 1963
PAGE IB
Thanksgiving Date Marred By Controversy
WASHINGTON UPl -Thanksgiving
Day, though long
a favorite American holiday,
has been a subject of much
controversy over the years.
Before 1863, people in differ
ent slates celebrated Thanks
giving on diflcrent dales and in
eight different months, accord
ing to the National Geographic
Society.
Abraham Lincoln stabilized
tlie holiday, setting aside the
last Thursday of November.
Because November has five
Thursdays in some wars, the
day later was switched to the
fourth Thursday.
In 1939, President Franklin
D. Roosevelt moved Thanksgiv
ing to the third Thursday, caus
ing widespread public protest.
Half the nation followed the
Presidential Proclamation and
feasted on the third Thursday.
Traditionalists observed the
fourth.
Two years later, Congress
ended tlie confusion by decid
ing in favor of tlie fourth Thurs.
day.
There w as a hassle last vear
when President Kennedy began
his Thanksgiving Proclamation
by saying: "Over three centur
ies ago in Plymouth, on Massa
chusetts Bay, the Pilgrims es
tablished tlie custom of gather
ing together each year to ex
press their gratitude to God."
Virginians protested, saying
colonists at Berkeley Planta
tion, on the banks of tlie James
River, observed a day of
Thanksgiving on December 4,
1619 three years before the
Pilgrims held theirs.
The White House amiably ac.
knowledged the Virginia claim.
An aide pleaded "an unconquer
able New England bias" and
said the "error will not be re
peated in the future."
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