PAGB-6A
Art
The scientific revolution, like any oth
er, is not' a total blessing. There are many
signs that it distracts us too thoroughly from
other values in living.
In this country artists and architects
often have complained of being consigned
to too small a place in the nation's life.
Many thoughtful men find the complaint
hard to answer.
The other day a new complaint was
;r'egistered by Walter Gropius, celebrated
architect who has been in the vanguard of
modern design here and In Europe. Said he
In a speech at Williams college:
; : "This is the century of science. The art
ist is only a luxury member of society. True
art is doomed to languish as long as science
;is supposed to have the only answers for
our predominantly materialistic period.'.'
i What Gropius is saying is that there is
too much attention to the mere function of
'things, too little to the look of things.
1 When men build, or otherwise shape
rtheir environment, they usually do this for
eminently practical reasons. They are put
ting up houses, stores, offices, factories and
so on.
But human beings are lovers of beauty,
,Doth natural and man-made. They like to be
;surrounded by things that are more than
just practical.' A man-made environment
that Is strictly utilitarian can be deadening.
Gropius complains that much of what
;man builds fails on this test, and he adds
., Get set for a rough winter.
; That's the 1 a t e s t weather advisory,
straight from the squirrel's mouth.
And if you say "Nuts!" you've got the
message. That's the key word in the long
range forecast and from what we gather
from news stories around the nation.
', Even before the Old Farmer's Almanac
Is off the press, our furry friends are squir
reling away acorns like crazy sure sign of
a long, hard winter if you belong to the
squirrel school of meteorology. -.
Furthermore, the acorns themselves
are extra big another sure-fire omen.
EDSON
Bv TETER EDSON
: WASHINGTON Seven - card
peek with a double deck and
everything wild.
That's tho kind of poker
game U.S. trade "czar" Chris
tian A. Ilerter is preparing lo
play In negotiating free world
tariff cuts and nontarlff trade
barrier reduction so that In
ternational commerce can ex
pand. First hands for this game
which will run for over a year
will be played In Washington
beginning Dec. 2 before the
U.S. Tariff Commission under
Chairman Ben D. Dorfman and
tho U.S. Trade Information
Committee under Chairman
William J. Ilodd.
In public hearings that will
continue until tJie end of March,
thty will be looking at lists of
some 7,500 Items in U.S. for
eign commerce to see which
tariff!) might be cut and which
should not, under the Trade
Expansion Act of 112.
Any American manufacturer,
exporter, importer, trade asso
ciation or labor union repre
sentative who wants to leant
which products are going to be
considered for tariff reduction
will luive to get the official
600-pago list.
II is printed for the first time
along with notifications on the
hearings and procedures in the
Federal Register for Oct. 22,
J!ii3. It costs $5 a copy from
tho Suierintendent of Docu
m e n t s. Government Printing
Office. Washington 25. DC.
Anyone who then wants to
protest consideration of his
products orally or In writing
must then apply by letter be
foro Nov. 20, m, to the Sec
rclaries of the U.S. Tariff Com
mission or the U.S. Trade Infor
mation Committee, Washington
25, D.C. Otherwise, he won't
bo dealt a hand in tlic big
game.
In general, the Tariff Cm
mission will hold hearings on
U.S. Import duties proposed for
reduction. The Trade Informa
tion Committee made up of
representatives from govern
ment agenciet concerned with
foreign trade will examine for
eign tariff rates and trade
barriers U.S. exporters want
changed.
; No one has the slightest
HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falls, Oregon
For Man's Sake
Zeroing In On Winter
IN WASHINGTON
Tariff Cuts Under Study
idea how many manufacturers
and distributors will want to
testify in person, or submit
briefs. In 10 some 2,500 items
were considered for tariff re
ductions, and there were 500
witnesses.
With a list of 7,500 Items now
being considered for tariff
adjustments in the so called
"Kennedy round" of negotia
tions, there may be 1,000 to
1,500 witnesses.
If all tlic evidence can be re
ceived nd analyzed by the
end of March 1964, rite Tariff
Commission and the Trade In
formation Committee hoc to
make recommendations to the
President by April 22.
He Is then charged by law
with compiling Ute final lists of
items on which tariff reduc
tions should be negotiated be
fore the 53 nations in the Gener
al Agreement on Tariffs and
Trade. It Is scheduled to begin
work in Geneva, Switzerland,
May 4, 1M. But it may be de
layed. The President is not required
to make public his final list.
This is confidential Information
used by the trade negotiators to
drive the best bargain they can
for the United States.
i--t'-t -.1'
Thursday, October 31, 1963
that "modern man has developed a kind oi
Gallup poll mentality, a mechanistic concep
tion of relying on quantity instead of quali
ty." He thinks that if we are to find a prop
er life balance we must rely upon better ed
ucation which somehow will draw out the
"creative potentialities of every individual."
Out of this, he says, must come new im
portance for the "form-giving artist, the
creative architect or designer whose task
it is to control the visual manifestations of
our productive life ... of our whole physical
environment."
Gropius states the case perhaps too
strongly. One would think America is pro
ducing no beautiful buildings at all, when
in fact it has a good many stunning struc
tures to exhibit.
Yet anyone who has examined the en
vironment made by our present-day cities
from coast to coast must conclude with him
that there is far too little really worth look
ing at. Zoning ordinances, building codes
and building economics seem to play a far
more basic role in design than does attrac
tiveness. Americans always have justified their
predominantly utilitarian structures by say
ing they were "too busy" to do more with
them. Men who understand the rich re
wards of a more balanced outlook would
contend this amounts to saying people are
too busy to live full lives.
Still skeptical? Then consider the fact
that groundhogs are gorging themselves to
three times their normal side, fuzzy cater
pillars are extra fuzzy, hornets' nests are
closing up to shut out wintry winds, fish
are diving deep for winter-proof water, and
even dogs are growing extra coats to meet
what's coming.
If you don't like acorns, it would be
prudent to invest in longies, put on extra
shot of anti-freeze in the car, check the
snow shovel and weatherstrip the windows
and doors.
Fifty million squirrels can't be wrong.
The only Hems that can be
excluded from consideration
are those on which exemptions
already have been granted under
peril point or escape clause
procedures.
This exempt list now covers
only a score of trade classifi
cations, including codfish, gar
lic, hatters' fur, cotton velve
teen, screen printed scarves,
ceramic tiles, violins under $25,
scissors, bicycles, safety and
ordinary pins and spring
clothespins.
Otlier countries presumably
are compiling lists of their
products on which they would
like to see U.S. tariffs reduced,
and determining how much
they are w illing to reduce their
tariffs against U.S. exports.
Fortunately for them, these
countries don't have to go
through the long rigmarole of
hearings required by U.S. law.
As far as the American gov
ernment Is concerned, unrav
eling all the tangled threads
of tariff rates and then re
weaving them into a fabric that
will adequately protect Ameri
can Interests is about the big
gest and most complex job of
bureaucratic detail that has
ever been tackled.
'But, I Campaigned For You In 1952 . .
Even Though I Didn't Know What Your
Position Was On Anything'
, WASHINGTON CALLING . . .
'. Mississippi Primary
Election Is Bitter
By MARQUIS CHILDS
NATCHEZ, Miss.-In this old
town that venerates its ante
b e 1 1 u m shrines the sense of
fierce resistance to the tide of
change is perhaps stronger
than anywhere else in belea
guered Mississippi.
The outsider, the Northerner,
who comes to the state, how
ever briefly, cannot mistake
the emotion that is running so
strong. The riot at the Univer
sity of Mississippi over the ad
mission of a Negro student
that resujted in two deatlis
and many injured may have
seemed to the world outside
the South as a tragedy, a dis
grace, a shame. But it has an
entirely different look here.
That drama of a year ago
was for Mississippians a delib
erate provocation by the Ken
nedy Administration. It was an
act designed to subjugate a
sovereign stale and by military
force alter its ancient ways.
The blood passions of a hun
dred years ago are boiling.
The hatred of the Kennedys
is a pervasive force. Tills re
porter was told by one who has
stood up to tlie ruling passion
that in his opinion the safety of
the President and his brother,
the Attorney General, could
not be guaranteed if they came
into the state. This would not
be due to any laxity or indif
ference on the part of the au
thorities but because fanatical
hatred is so deeply rooted.
And, moreover, you hear dis
quieting reports of how wide
spread is the distribution of
arms that can be readily pur
chased. Tile emotions of this troubled
moment arc expressed with na
tive vigor by Lieut. Gov. Paul
B. Johnson, the Democratic
candidate for governor, as he
makes an impassioned attack
on tlie Republican opposition.
In contrast to his Republican
i opponent, Jlubel Phillips, who
ha? a citified look although he
comes off a small cotton farm.
Johnson, whose father was a
governor of tlie state, has a
Mississippi back - country
stamp. lie is thin, intense, his
words come out with a sharp,
rural twang. When he accuses
Phillips of having pledged to
support Nelson Rockefeller. If
Rockefeller Is the Republican
nominee next year, he says
Rocky-Feller, drawing tlie syl
lables out in full contempt.
As he speaks from an im
provised stand at home plate
in the Natcliez ball park to a
crowd of perhaps 800 the rea
sons for the violent opposition
lo tlie first Republican bid in
nearly a century are clear.
This, says Johnson, means di
vide and rule by the Negro mi
nority. BERRY'S WORLD
(P? J.F.K.
' LA THE WvTH
1 Jrf UL
Wu-
His political arithmetic is:"
Mississippi is 58 per cent white,
42 per cent Negro. If you di
vide the 68 then the minority
will swing the balance. And he
cites the consequences of this in
Philadelphia, Chicago, Wash
ington and Richmond, Va.
So t h e scalawags must be
buried and the one-party sys
tem preserved. When the leg
islature meets in January, he
promises, we will see that this
never happens again. He ex
plained later that laws would
be passed requiring fixed
party registration so that those
choosing to be Republicans
would not be .permitted to vote
in the Democratic primary and
would, therefore, have little in
fluence in tlie state.
Trying to put over Uie Repub
lican case in Mississippi, says
Johnson, are these slick writ
ers brought in from Texas.
They ate the same slick writ
ers dealing in mass psychology
who put Sen. John Tower and
Rep. Bruce Alger over on inno
cent Democrats in Texas. And,
what is more. Uie four-color
Phillips posters on 1,800 bill
boards came from Fort
Worth.
Thus the conspiracy against
Mississippi and its. sovereign
way of We is complete. The
Republicans are the sworn
enemy of tlie South. Johnson
quotes from a speech '
in the House by Rep. Fred
Schwengcl of Iowa boasting of
GOP civil rights achievements
and citing Rockefeller as a
member of the NAACP and
Senator Goldwater as a mem
ber of Uie Urban League.
To the charge that he is di
viding the whites and there
by preparing the way for rule
by Uie Negro minority, Phil
lips replies that this same di
vision was exploited by the
Democrats in the first primary
and in the run-off. Johnson com
pared his run - off oppon
ent, J. P. Coleman, to Martin
Lutlier King Jr. In Mississippi
there could hardly be a great
er insult unless it was to be
compared to Bobby Kennedy.
The lacerating bitterness of the
primaries may produce an anil-Johnson
vote benefiting the
Republicans.
If the Negroe can be kept an
isolated minority, in large part
disfranchised and in any event
politically impotent, he cannot
expect to begin to achieve
equality of economic opportun
ity. In a state seeking to at
tract Nortliern industry with
tiie inducement of low wages
this may lie a vital factor. But
the struggle has deeper roots
in ancient habits that confirm
the white man's belief in h i s
innate superiority.
The Globol View . . .
For Some, .
An Alliance
Of Hunger
By LEON DENNEN
Newspaper Enterprise Analyst
SAO PAULO, Brazil (NEAI
When night descends on Sao
Paulo the unswept streets of
the darkened
city become a
vast dormitory
for scores of
homeless Bra
zilians. Bare
A ' IfJ foot men
n men an(l ct'P
pled and ema
ciated women
with children
in their arms
lie huddled in the doorways
awaiting the dawn of another
hungry day.
Undersecretary of State Aver,
ell Harriman will do well to
take a look at these streets with
their human refuse when he
comes here to explore the fu
ture of the Alliance for Prog
ress with the Organization of
American States.
For Brazil, next to the Unit
ed States, is potentially the rich
est country in the Western
Hemisphere. Sao Paulo is Br a
zil's most important business
center, as well as the largest
metropolis in South America
and possibly the fastest-growing
city in the world.
Yet with Brazil in the midst
of a galloping inflation many
find it difficult to collect enough
cruzeiros to buy bread. The
homeless of Sao Paulo beg dur
ing the day, or make feeble at
tempts to engage in private en
terprise by selling peanuts or
shoelaces.
Travel guides tell foreign
tourists that "With its fine the
aters and first-rate night clubs
Sao Paulo can offer a most in
teresting entertaining pro
gram." So it can. Sao Paulo is a
booming city of 4 to 5 million
(no one has even bothered tc
find out exactly how many).
Speculators and black market
eers here can turn a fast buck.
Its seaside resorts of oriental
luxury and splendor are a hav
en for these traders in the
"hunger industry" and tourists
with foreign currencies to
spend.
Some of Sao Paulo's lowering
structures of steel and glass riv
al even New York. But on the
shabby and overcrowded streets
thousands of Brazilians wait
for two or three hours each
day for the creaking street car
or dilapidated bus that will take
them to work in tlie morning
and return them to their slums
in the evening.
Sao Paulo is calm on the sur
face but one can sense the
seething resentment of the un
derprivileged. Normally pa
tient Brazilians are becoming
restive. The television sets
which they buy on credit at ex
orbitant prices have suddenly
brought them face to face with
an elegant life they never knew
existed.
"Television is the curse of
Brazil," one of the many Ger
man settlers who has grown
rich since the inflation told this
reporter. "Until television, Bra
zilians were a happy people."
But the ordinary Brazilian is
no longer happy. Despite the op
timism of U.S. officials and of
the ruling cliques of politicians,
bankers and black marketeers,
Brazil is heading for an explo
sion. Who is to blame for the Bra
zilian's plight? Vocal leftist in
tellectuals, army sergeants and
myriads of Russian and Cuban
agents have a ready-made an
swer: "Yanqui imperialism."
The inflation, they say, was im
posed by the Alliance for Prog
ress which is a scheme to en
slave Brazil. It is a simple ans
wer, which is acceptable to il
literate and hungry people.
All too frequently the Commu
nists find proof to support their
charge. Tlie other day, in the
heart of Sao Paulo in front of
the Othon Palace Hotel, specu
lators were doing a brisk trade
in bags of rice plainly marked
"Alianza Para o Progrcsso."
They did not even bother to
remove the labels.
Hungry residents were buying
the rice like mad. At 150 cru
zeiros a kilo it was a bargain.
In the stores they would have
to pay 180 and the next day the
price might be even higher.
In a moment the truck which
brought the rice was empty and
the Alliance received another
black eve.
And few Brazilians have for
gotten the scandal at Recife, a
center of Red propaganda,
where beans and condensed
milk sent by the Alliance were
sold on tlie black market while
tlie people wen! hungry and the
children went without rmlk.
These seemingly minor de
tails, alas, speak louder than
President Kennedy's glowing
plans for building stable democ
racy in Latin America.
U.S. diplomats and adminis
trators have not yet learned
how to manage a social revolu-
gtfi i
I wonder if the new Inter
community Hospital will be
named Ullman Hospital?
This being an . apropos eve
ning, a poem by the boys and
girls in Mrs.. Woods' Roosevelt
School fourth grade class, it
goes: (
ON A COLD OCTOBER NIGHT
Witches with purple faces,
Riding on brooms
Slow down their paces
To wave at skeletons in their
tombs.
Bats and alley cats prowl,
Shriek and howl.
Ghosts creep through the night
And give everyone a terrible
fright.
After all the shrieking and
screaming of people in re
sponsible positions In stale
government and state Institu
tions claiming that all sorts
of disasters awaited us if the
voters turned down the tax
bill, it Is reassuring to note
that hardly any of those dis
asters are overtaking us.
When it comes right down to
cases, what's so all-fired harm
ful about raising tuition and
other fees for college students?
1 see no reason for taxpayers
of a state to provide a college
education for all. I am not ar
guing that a college education
is not necessary or desirable.
But, at what point in a per
son's life do the taxpayers stop
subsidizing his or her educa
cation? Carrying the attitude
that the taxpayers "owe" an
education lo everyone, why
shouldn't some extend their
formal education throughout a
lifetime? I see no reason why
Oregon education institutions
should not increase their tui
tions and other fees to a degree
commensurate with their needs.
I am Inclined to believe
the reports of people in the
area that the KUHS student
body this year Is much bet
ter behaved than those of
previous years of r e o e nt
dale. So far, I've witnessed
only one fight on Wall Street,
and there seems to be less
rowdiness all around the
area. One suggestion I would
have is that the boys and
girls disregard their privilege
of right-of-way, and halt their
streaming across the in
tersection of Wall and Espla
nade momentarily to let ve
hicular traffic through. Some
times it gets backed up lo a
pretty good depth at noon.
Purely Personal Prejudices:
What many employers fail to
understand is that a subordin
ate who never finds fault with
his superior is either a fool
or a hypocrite; if a fool, he is
useless; if a hypocrite, he is
dangerous.
Some orators are so unremit
tingly solemn for fear that if
they encourage the audience to
enjoy a smile at the right
place, they may finally be un
able to prevent the audience
from laughing at them, at the
wrong place.
Speaking of humor, there Is
a sad and sardonic quality
about Old World wit that
younger (and luckier) nations
like ours have not yet grown
up to like that marvelous
Yiddish proverb I ran across
recently: "If the rich could
hire other people to die for
them, the poor could make a
wonderful living."
Nothing in the world is easi
er than to be radical when you
have little to lose and conserva
tive when you have a great
deal to lose: we should pay
careful attention only to those
whose view s seem to cut across
tlie grain of their immediate
self-interest, for then we may
be reasonably sure that t h e
personal equation is not the
determining factor.
The basic frustration of the
statesman and politician in tlie
atomic age can hardly be com
prehended by those standing on
tion of the magnitude In which
the President pledged $20 bil
lion. But it would he a distortion to
blame the Kennedy administra
tion for the critical slate in
which the Alliance finds itself.
Much of the Alliance's trouble
is due to Brazil's oligarchy
which does not yet grasp the
hard fact that if it does not
share its power and wealth with
the democratic forces which
kland for social progress, it will
have its collective throat rut by
a machete made In Fidel Cas
tro's Cuba.
NOTHING
SPECIAL
(W. S. S.I
I've had quite a few inquiries
as to the absence of Fulton
Lewis on this page. He's on va
cation for three weeks. Also,
my thanks to the many per
sons who inquired by letter,
card and phone as to the absence
of this corner of mishmash. I'd
like to plead some other rea
sonbut, I guess is was just
plain laziness.
Bill Ganong Sr. clipped ' a
paragraph from Newsweek
magazine, which said, among
other things, that every daily
newspaper in the state had
supported the recent tax
measure. Bill wants to know
if the Herald and News is not
regarded as a "daily" news
paper. All 1 can say Is that
some of us who work at It
seven or eight days a week
think it Is.
The United States has more
than one shrinking reserve to
watch. Besides the gold at Fort
Knox, there is the old age and
survivors insurance trust fund.
The National Industrial Con-
ference Board notes that for
the fifth time in the last six
years this trust fund paid out
more than it received in 1962.
The OASI reserve fund
reached a peak of $22.5
billion In 1956 and has de
clined to $18.3 billion or less.
It was designed to carry a
heavy load at about this pe
riod due to older workers
"covered into" the system
with relatively smalt contri
butions. However, it is of utmost Im
portance that a substantial
buffer be maintained and that
payroll taxes prove sufficient to
support the rates of benefits
paid out. A spokesman of or
ganized labor recently urged
that wages up to $9,400 a year
be taxed, instead of the pres
ent $4,800 maximum, in order
to pay higher benefits. Though
the trustees of the fund be
lieve the system now is actu
arially sound, some such step
may later be necessary to keep
it so.
And, still, we have plenty of
Phogbound Congressmen who
will insist that the system will
permit extensive additional cov
erage and greater benefits
without any increase in taxes,
i Yes, I said taxes because
that is what the social secur
ity grab is just another tax.)
STRICTLY
PERSONAL
By SYDNEY J. HARRIS
tlie outside; for the statesman
has lost his ultimate tool, the
threat of war (which now be
comes simply the promise of
mutual suicide), and his whole
traditional mode of behavior
is compelled to change thus,
the vacillations of modern gov
ernments are not a sign of
weakness, but of quite rational
fear.
A man is always the same
man and. on the whole, wants
only to be the same man, with
a few improvements; but a
woman would like lo be a dozen
different women, a part of ev
ery attractive woman she sees:
and therefore her insatiable
need for more and more clothes
can be understood not as the
trite joke it has become, nor
as a matter of greed, but as
her way of trying out different
personalities and satisfying a
(however temporarily) her deep
desire to assume every aspect
of the Eternal Feminine.
A 1 1 seeming "victories"
over Nature are Pyrrhic vic
tories for mankind; Nature
returns In more subtle or po
tent form and takes Its re
venge insecticides create a
stronger breed of Insects.
LETTERS
TO THE
EDITOR
Rebuttal
Recently there has been a let
ter to the editor that has de
nounced the UN1CEF program
because it is involved with the
Communist countries.
I think that this person falls
lo realize the significance of the
parable of the Good Samaritan.
The Good Samaritan was an en
emy of tlie beaten man on the
road, and yet he helped him.
t'MCEF gives aid to more
than a hundred countries, of
which only seven are Comrnu
nisL Moreover, every country
receiving aid has to match this
aid 2'i times in order to utilize
the aid. It is improbable that
UN1CEF is helping the Commu
nist power structure.
Andy Ragland.