-PAGE A
HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falls, Oregon Thursday. Splembr II, 1961
EDSON IN WASHINGTON
"Another Housing Problem
Could Shoe-Pounding
Era In UN Be Ending?
The
.- It has now become usual to deplore in
sharp terms the all too customary youthful .
disturbance which mar big holiday weekends
at many of the nation's seaside and other re
sorts. They are deplorable. But they are some
thing else, too. They are a great big crash
ing bore, not only to those who have to deal
with them, but to many who hear of them.
If some of our psychologists are right and
this sort of behavior is designed to be at-fention-getting,
its tiresomeness for others
ought to be something of a blow to the unruly
participants.
; Why is it a bore?
- Because underlying this inexcusable con
duct is the assumption that life in this coun
try for some young people just isn't worth
a thing unless it can somehow be juiced up
with beer drinking, wild driving, rock-throwing
general vandalism and riot.
I We all know that America has come a
long way from the captivating innocence that
marked its earlier history. But can we really
accept the idea that for some of us there is no
shred of this left?
'-. The answer ought to be "no," which is
why these tales of youthful depredation are '
so wearying.
What is the matter with enjoying a beach
as a beach instead of as no more than a setting
for a raucous brawl?
Why can't trees in a park or wood be ap
preciated for what they are, instead of hacked
HOLMES
By HOLMES ALEXANDER
WASHINGTON, D.C. For those
who can't understand why tho
American Congress (that is, the
American people) keeps resisting
the proffered benefits of more
welfarism, there comes a help
ful hint from a national survey
just made in Great Britain, inven
tor of the democratic welfare
state.
. Out of this same study, con
ducted by the Institute of Eco
nomic Affairs in London, here
also rises on explanation of why
America's magnetic needle of
popular approval keeps pointing
at Barry Goldwatcr, who likes
people but loathes welfarism.
The British opinion pollsters
asked a broad selection of citi
zenscovering all ages, social
classes and political sympa
thieswhat they would do with a
windfall of 1000 pounds. Blow It
on a new automobile, a trip
abroad, home Improvement? Or
put it into education, health in
surance, retirement savings?
Astonishingly, a majority of
Britons passed up the materialis
tic" choices the car, the trip
abroad and elected to buy do-it-yourself
plans for educating their
children and looking after them
selves in sickness and old age. In
question after question aimed at
discovering whether Britons pre
ferred state paternalism to pri
vate thrift, they came out for the
latter. PracUcally everybody who
was polled believed In public cliar
iy for the needy, but not public
control over the welfare spending
of the nation as a whole.
"The picture that emerges,"
Aay the publishers hi a bland
British understatement, "is dif
ferent from the conventional as
sumption of almost universal
support for the welfare state."
Considering that the United
Kingdom has been under womb-to-tomb
welfarism since the de
feat of Churchill's government in
1945, this document, entitled
"Choice in Welfare," promises to
insert some domestic economic
issues into next year's British
election. Up till nuw that com
ing contest has seemed to be con
cerned with sex, scandal and in
ternationalism. And considering
that Senator Goldwatcr has been
taking almost exactly the same
positions which Uils British study
now enforces, tlierc seems to be
some hopo that both of the English-speaking
races may get a
chance at self-expression on wel
farism. A reader who cares to take
"Choice In Welfare" in one hand
and Goldwater's book, "The Con
science of a Conservative" In tht
other, will have the exhilarating
experience of seeing how a politi
cal thinker, while rather under-
Dull Delinquents
at, cut down or otherwise marred as if they
were somehow hostile objects?
What is wrong with parties where young
sters just have fun instead of trying to break
up the place?
Who says playgrounds have to become
battlegrounds? Why should the baseball park,
the football stadium, the swimming pool,
ever be the scene of marauding misbehavior?
Whatever became of just plain fun, as dis
tinguished from "kicks?"
We've all heard that youngsters' search
for "kicks" reflects their quest for identity,
for attention, for manhood or womanhood,
for a way, too, to express feelings of hostility
engendered by the complex age they live in.
Grant all this. It still doesn't let the un
ruly kids off the hook altogether. For the
many who get beyond asphalt, brick and con
crete, the marvelous world is still here to be
taken at its worth.
And you don't need a primer at hand to
respond warmly to the sky, the sun, the wa
ter, the trees, the sand and all the games and
pleasures linked with them.
Unless we are ready to concede that a
good many kids are monstrous automatons
incapable of feeling the stimulus of these
things, then we have to say they have the
eyes, the hearts and the minds to respond.
Those who react instead of wrecking,
corrupting and depreciating what they see
' about them are indeed incredible bores. They
are still baffled by one of life's most easily
fathomed secrets.
ALEXANDER
Welfare State
educated by modern standards,
has the wisdom of insight which
wc just don't find in our over
educated masters. Goldwatcr
didn't possess, and apparently
didn't need, those supporting sta
tistics to reach the conclusions .
which they validate.
"Socialism . . " he wrote sev
eral years ago, "subordinates all
other considerations to a man's
material well-being , . . (Social
ists) arc, moreover, in a hurry.
So that their characteristic ap
proach is to harness the society's
political and economic forces into
a collective effort to compel
'Progress.' In tiiis approach, 1
believe they fight against Na
ture , , . Only a philosophy that
takes into account the essential
differences between men . . . can
By SYDNEY J. HARRIS
Purely Personal Prejudices: Pa
tience does not mean, as so many
people think, merely passive wait
ing,' but is a creative act of hop
ing for events and preparing one
self to cope wiUi them when and
if they happen.
When tho husband too ardently
desires boy children, and the wife
wishes intensely lor girls, 1 al
ways susiicct there is a latent re
sentment against the other sex on
both sides; the best marriages
seem to be those in which each
parent prefers children of the op
posite gender.
Until wo know more accurately
how responsible society is for pro
ducing criminals, our system of
punishment will be based on ven
geance rather than reform.
Tlie human personality gives
off a scent, like the bodies of
some animals: the man who ex
pects to be offended usually is:
(lie man who Is afraid of being
cheated almost always is. We
generally react In compliance
with the fears of others, which
seem to invite our contempt or
ill-feeling.
Conservatives and liberals
might not be such implacable
enemies If they knew how des
perately each needs the other
the conservative to be taught a
wider grasp of humanity, and the
liberal to be given a deeper sense
of reality.
Falters
claim to be in accord with Na
ture." The matter of choice vs. com
pulsion is the heart subject of
this factual study and of the Gold
watcr philosophy. Free enterprise
allows people to go into the
market and express a preference
for schools and doctors, pensions
and dentures, while socialism
runs a monopoly and allows no
preference. The theory that an
Affluent Society must look after
people because they are too flab
by and indifferent to look alter
themselves and their needy neigh
bors comes a real cropper In the
British survey.
Goldwatcr, by the light of his
own intuition, has been knock
ing that theory around the head
lor many years.
STRICTLY
PERSONAL
There Is always a good excuse
fur nut raising wages: In bad
times, conditions don't warrant It:
In good times, expenses are high
and earnings must be reserved
Inr the bad limes that are sure to
Willow.
If "all Uiings are relative," as
most modern people glibly assert,
how can we judge among them?
for even two relative things
need a third thing, which is not
relative, to be compared to. The
theory of relativity may apply
to physics, but it wreaks terrible
harm in ethics.
The best and tersest explanation
of the steady output of creative
productions was given by Auer
bach, when he wrote: "The little
dissatisfaction which every artist
Icels at the completion of a work
lurms the germ of a new work."
Grecian ladies, according to
Homer, counted their age from
their marriage, not their birth;
which seems a much more sen
sible treatment of this delicate
subject.
The myth that a strong army
prevents war has carried more
nations into war than any other il
lusion of mankind; the only thing
that prevents war is universal dis
armament, which only the weak
er nations favor. To paraphrase
Hegel's remark about history all
we learn from war is that we
learn nothing from war.
I f H C. Xr A sp J
"A v "A K V-hv. v " V-
WILLIAM S. WHITE
By WILLIAM S. WHITE
WASHINGTON A good deal of
junior-grade cynicism on the out
side is almost totally confusing
what is happening on the inside,
and why, in the Senate's grave de
bate looking toward ratification of
the limited nuclear test-ban treaty-
Academic-minded and bureaucratic-minded
people who don't
know the Senate, and commonly
think of it as a large body of inevi
tably small and ignorant "politi
cians," are attributing all sorts
of absurdly melodramatic motives
to men in this debate.
LETTERS
TO THE
EDITOR
Library
I have been following the li
brary situation in the paper.
It seems if the new librarian
were hired for the consolidation
and Mrs. Cote fired that in all
fairness Mrs. Nixon, city librari
an, should bo fired too. Then
there is some question as to the
efficient functioning and interest
of the board. Since there are
members on the county board
who are also on tlie city board,
maybe in all fairness there should
he a completely new, impartial
board appointed to work with the
new librarian in formulating pro
cedure and policy for the con
solidation. The board is appointed by the
court, which probably wc should
get all new, too, since, according
to reports in the paper, instead
of a three-man government it has
apparently degenerated into a
one-man dictatorship.
Since when do wc tolerate this
In a democratic country? II is
time citizens checked into the
situation and made some chang
es. It has been from small be
ginnings and people's compla
cency that other countries lost
their freedoms to dictatorships.
G. D. Rutherford.
1124 Reclamation.
Al
manac
By United Press International
Today is Thursday, Sept. 19.
the 262nd day of 1963 with .103
to follow.
Tlie moon Is approaching first
quarter.
Tlie morning star is Jupiter.
Tlie evening stars are Jupiter,
Saturn and Mars.
; On this day in history:
In 1863, Union and Confederate
soldiers met in the battle of
Chickamauga, Ga. The rebels
won the following day.
In 1881, President James Gar
field died in Elheron. N. J., from
wounds inllicted by a disgruntled
office-seeker on July 2.
In I960, Soviet Premier Khrush
chev received a cold reception
when he arrived in tac United
States to attend the United Na
tions General Assembly.
A thought for the day Presi
dent James Garfield said: "This
nation is too great to look for
mere revenge. But for the secur
ity of the future I would do
everything."
Enduring Double Standard
The Republican Senate leader,
Everett Dirksen of Illinois, comes
out for the pact. So they run
about crying that he is "trying
to take over the mantle" of the
lale Sen. Arthur H. Vandcnberg
of Michigan as a bipartisan for
eign policy leader. Or, if not thdt,
it is simply that the Kennedy
White House has "taken Dirk
sen into camp."
A sophomoric skepticism here
abouts, arising among commenta
tors and others who take their
line from the anti-Congress es
tablishment in this country, has
long been based upon the assump
tion that Senators are invariably
only "politicians." Diplomats and
Slate Department advisers and
any and all world-disarmers, of
course, are invariably "states
men." Thus, when Dirksen takes his
stand for the treaty as when
Senators like Richard Russell of
Georgia and John Stcnnis of
Mississippi take their stand
against it there is instantly a
mad search to find elaborate and
pseudo-cynical cxplanaUons for
very simple truths. Dirksen in
fact supports the treaty for the
same reason a large majority of
its other Senate supporters do.
Like them, he is worried about
possible tricks by the Russians
whose record to date in keep
ing their international agreements
is far from good. But. like them,
he knows that a President of the
United States has made this uea
ty. Like Uicm, he knows Uiat a
President is the final proper
authority under the Constitution
for the conduct of our foreign af
fairs. Like them, he knows that
in such matters there can be
only one President at a time, be
he Democrat or Republican, be
he right or wrong.
This, tlien. is the far from
complicated explanation of why
Republicans like Dirksen and
Lcverctt Kaltonstall of Massa
chusetts back this treaty. It is
not that they are "afraid" not to
do so. or that Uicy are scram
bling for public kudos or some
body's "mantle." All politicians.
J dunno, bttht
gardt
of course, want to be reeloclcd.
But very few Senate politicians,
in things touching life or death
for this country, are nearly so
afraid of doing their duty, as
they see it, as the anti-Congress
establishment perpetually believes
them to be.
. Now, Senators like Russell and
Slennis have also read the Con
stitution. They, too, know all tlie
things that the Dirksens and Sal
tonstalls know. But in their case,
it happens that their main legis
lative responsibilities have long
been in the field of military de
fense. Thus, they are aware, in
a peculiarly intimate way, of the
profound misgivings about this
treaty which actually run among
the highest military officers.
From where the Russells and
Stennises sit, it carries more risk
than opportunity, more possible
peril Uian hope for peace. So they
oppose it. They do not oppose it in
some dark conservative coalition
conspiracy against tlie President
and tlie liberals. They do not op
pose it because they don't like
what Mr. Kennedy is doing in
Uie South about civil rights.
Good Senate politicians the
Russells and the Stennises, and
equally the Dirksens and tlie Sal
lonstalls are abundantly tough in
taking care of their political in
terests, to a point. But they know
where the cut-off is. They know
the cut-off is that point where
playing politics in the ordinary
sense is not permissible because
it is playing politics w ith national
security and with ultimate duty.
In a word, there are now and
always have been two political
worlds; and there is, politically,
an enduring double standard. The
rule of thumb among good politi
ciansSenators, Presidents and
even such lofty types as diplo
mats, wherever these latter are
able to understand politics at ail
is this: Hit tlie opposiUon with
every stick at hand on home is
sues; but walk softly, and re
member personal and national
responsibility, when it conies to
mortal issues involving this na
tion abroad.
isyt bt ccmpotri i'4w
muilc!"
Bv PETER EDSON
WASHINGTON - (NEA) -First
tests on how much Soviet
Russia may have changed its tac
tics if not its strategy for tlie
cold war will be shown at Uie
18th United Nations General As
sembly convening in New York
Sept. 17. '
Assistant Secretary of State
Harlan Cleveland, in charge of
international organization affairs,
sees a few straws in the winds
of change, '-
This may be an indication that
the Kremlin finally has realized
that the underdeveloped countries,
the United States and the rest
of the non-Communist world find
much good in the U.N. and see a
future for it in a world of peace.
Up to a year ago, the Russians
opposed everything about the
United Nations. When former
Secretary General Dag Ham
marskjold was killed in a Congo
plane crash, the Russians ex
pressed condolences for the man,
but had no good word for his of
fice. Grumpily, they accepted U
Thant as his successor.
What tlie Russians really want
ed was their "troika" principle of
neutral, non-Communist and Com
munist administration in the U.N.
to be substituted for a one-man
secretary generalship. They want
ed three undersecretaries in con
trol of every U.N. agency, giving
the Communists veto power over
all programs.
When only a few non-Communist
countries supported the Commu
nist bloc on this reorganization
plan, the Russians abandoned it.
But they still opposed U.N. peace
keeping efforts in the Congo and
elsewhere, and they boycotted all
such operations, financially.
In recent monUis, however, the
Russians have changed their tune.
Russia's Chairman Nikita Khrush
chev proposed that U Thant and
the U.N. organization verify re
moval of Russian missiles from
Cuba. It was Cuba's Fidel Cas
tro who blocked that.
The Russians thanked U Thant
for his services, however. And
for the past year they have re
frained from criticizing him.
They invited him to Moscow for
the test ban treaty signing.
When the Yemen case came
before the Security Council ear
lier this year the Russians did
not follow their previous standard
operating practice of vetoing what
was essentially another U.N.
By FULTON LEWIS JR.
WASHINGTON Trial bal
loons, brightly colored pink and
yellow, float gently overhead. Scat
tered shots have failed to bring
them down and there is little
reason to doubt recurring reports
that Kennedy Administration will
shortly resume full diplomatic re
lations with Comrade Janos Ka
dar's Hungarian government.
The first balloon was sent aloft
in May, 1962, launched by t h !
London Economist. An account
in that journal reported a U.S.
Hungarian deal as being in t h e
works in which this country would
recognize Hungary, drop its oppo
sition to tlie seating of the Hun
garian UN delegation, and make
sure the "Hungarian question"
was left off the UN agenda.
Predictably, the report was de
nied by State Department sourc
es. In December, 1962 and Febru
ary, 1963, seven U.S. Senators
four Democrats and three Re
publicans wrote lo Secretary
of State Dean Rusk pleading that
there be no change in U.S. poli
cy toward Hungary. They were,
reports Sen. Tom Dodd, assured
"There had been no change in
our policy."
Yet there had been. U.S. dip
lomats were instructed to mingle
socially with Hungarian envoys
at the UN. Vice President Lyndon
Johnson laid out the red carpet
at his Texas ranch for Hungary's
UN Ambassador. Acting on orders
from Washington. Adlai Stevenson
approved a plan in which Austra
lia's Sir Leslie Munro, a steel
hard anti-Communist, was sacked
as Special UN Representative on
Hungary.
In May. the State Department
sent up to Capitol Hill a top
secret Memorandum entitled "Re
port on the Changing Situation
in Hungary" in which it was
claimed that the Kadar regime
no loncer operated a Stalinist
police state.
Tlie report was ridiculed by
Hungarian exiles whose pipe
lines into Hungary remain in
working order.
One month later, in June of
this year. Ambassador Stevenson
laid down a new U.S. policy: Wc
would not oppose seating the Hun
garian dclejation.
Again letters from anxious Con
cmxmen reached Foggy Bot
gi. On June 18, Assistant Sec
peace-keeping operation.
Change of policy may not have
been Uie deciding factor in this
case, though. Maybe it was just
that the U.N. mission to Yemen
was financed by Uie United Arab
Republic and Saudi Arabia. It
didn't cost the Russians a ruble.
In the more recent Security
Council consideration of South Af
rica apartheid . policies, it was
noteworthy that the Russians re
frained from their usual practice
of beating the United Slates over
the head for its racial problems.
Such an attack had been anti
cipated. Text for a speech had
been prepared to answer the Rus
sians if they should raise the is
sue. It never had to be delivered.
Chief Soviet delegate Nikolai T.
Fedorenko didn't mention the
United States even once during
debate on charges of other Afri
can nations against South Africa.
One reason for this may have
been that the Russians did not
want to antagonize the United
States while Uie nuclear test ban
treaty was before the Senate for
ratification. A more valid expla
nation given is that the Russians
themselves are now concerned
about the world-wide nature of
the racial issue.
This had been stirred up by the
Chinese Communists. In their dis
pute with the Russians, the Red
Chinese have tried to propagan
dize the idea that they are
colored people, too, and that the
future struggle Tor world domina
tion will be the colored races
against the whites including the
Russians.
Washington officials who keep
a close watch on United NaUons
affairs are not deceiving them
selves that these warm Russian
gestures of friendship indicate a
thaw in the cold war.
Tlie big iceberg of Communist
opposition is sUll there. It prob
ably will show through the fog
when the $96.6 million U.N. budg- '
ct for 11164 is presented to the
General Assembly for approval.
The special session last spring
arranged for financing U.N. op
erations only through Dec. 31,
1963.
The $200 million in arrearages
and the possible suspension of vot
ing rights for some members
presages a long and bitter battle.
Also, the old controversies are
still on the agenda Laos, Cuba,
the Congo, Korea.
WASHINGTON REPORT . .
Hungarian Policy
Undergoing Change
retary of State Frederick Dut
ton assured legislators there would
be no further changes in U.S.
policy. "The Department," he
wrote, "has no plans to send a
Minister to Budapest at this
time."
Within a month the situation
had changed. No longer was it
denied we would send a Minister
to Budapest. Dutton referred to
Kadar's sweeping amnesty
(termed a fraud by exile lead
ers'. He said this country must
"utilize all opportunities for main
taining and broadening U.S. con
tacts with the Hungarians."
Shortly thereafter, on Aug. 9,
the New York Times reported
from Washington that "normal
tics" between Washington and
Budapest were about to be insti
tuted. A similar story, obviously
leaked from the same source, ap
peared in the Washington Star
the same day.
Radio Budapest broadcast lo
the world: Undersecretary of
suite Averell Harrimait has met
three times with Communist boss
Kadar on resuming normal rela
tions. I-ate last month, the country's
exiled leaders met in Washington
and implored Washington to drop
all plans for "normalization" of
U.S.-Hungarian relations. They
said:
"Wc believe the Hungarian
people oppose any such action
by the U.S. Government. Should
normal diplomatic relations with
Hungary be restored, 100 million
people still in Communist captiv
ity m Europe will feel that the
United States has violated its
self-proclaimed devotion to the
principle of self-determination.
"It will be interpreted that sliecr
expediency and not dedication to
principles determines the policies
of the United States. It will stand
as an indication that the status
quo in East Europe has been
recognized by the United States
and the Western Powers. It will
demoralize the captive peoples
and thus weaken an essential de
terrent to aggressiveness In Eu
rope." The Slate Department issued a
collective yawn. Similar words
from Senators Uuschc, Dodd,
Keating, Mundt, Scott, Dominick,
and McCarthy had been heard
before. The striped pants boyi
couldn't care less.