L.i
PAGE (
HERALD AND NEWS. Klamath Falls. Oregon
fcdiitfiiaL (Pom
No Wonder We're
The Senate Foreign Relations Commit
tee is conducting hearings on the nuclear
test-ban treaty and predictions are already
being freely voiced that it will have relative
ly easy "sledding." This, despite the fact that
treaties, in general, do not have a good record.
Non-aggression pacts, especially, have us
ually been but scraps of paper. As instru
ments of peace they have been chimerical.
That's one reason why the United States and
Britain resisted Russia's move to combine such
a pact with a test-ban treaty. Also, the in
famous Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact of
1939, which virtually assured the beginning of
World War If, will never be forgotten.
In his definitive study, "The Rise and
Fall of the Third Reich," William L. Shirer
calls the Nazi-Soviet Pact "one of the crudest
deals of this shady epoch." Not only did the
treaty promise that neither power would at
tack the other but it stated also that should
one of them become "the object of belligerent
action" by a third power, the other party
would "in no manner lend its support to
this Third Power."
"This," writes Shirer, "Hitler got what
he specifically wanted: an immediate agree
ment by the Soviet Union not to join Britain
and France if they honored their treaty obliga
tions to come to the aid of Poland In case
she were attacked." Poland was attacked in
For An
(Medford Mail-Tribune)
The current session of Congress, faced
with such vital matters as the test ban treaty,
civil rights legislation, tax reform and reduc
tion, railroad strike legislation, and others of
significance, has shown no hurry on doing a
job on any of them.
In the field of lesser legislation, too, it has
written a record that leaves much to be de
sired. One such measure which surely merits
enactment is one to guard against needless
cruelty to animals used in scientific experi
ments. Several bills to this end are now in com
mittee. Don't misunderstand. We are not calling
for an end to experimentation on animals, for
some of the most significant and important dis
coveries in the past century have come from
them. We are no anti-vivisectionist.
But it has been amply documented that
cruelty to animals which is wholly unnecessary
and gratuitous does indeed exist in some scien
HOLMES
By HOLMES ALEXANDER
Abbe Fulbert Youlou, the easy
boss of the Congo Republic, came
to his balcony and told the mobs
that he'd go quietly. As Presi
dent, Prime Minister and Minis
ter of Justice, the defrocked monk
lived high on the hog, as most
dictators do. Money, women
and power he had, but very
little job security. He got his
while tile getting was good, and
his successors will do the same.
When you've been, as I was
last December, to a country which
overthrows its government by
force and violence, you naturally
summon up your memories and
notebooks, and you ask what
difference will Uie overUirow
make?
The DC-8 jetliner w hieh brought
me that night from Salisbury to
Brazzaville was cheered off by a
gay group of Africans whose
leader was going north to attend
one of those recurring conferences
on economics and self-govern-ment.
Soon we were a sweltering
pay-load of body heat w ith giggly
French hostesses juggling cock
tail trays in the aisles. An equa
torial slorm cracked its fire
and thunder in the midnight sky,
and the big plane creaked land
pitched like an old canoe. Aidrd
by our prayers, the pilots over
came the elements, and wo de
scended in moonlight over the
golden river, embellished on both
banks by silvery cities. With
thankful palms, 1 collected pass
port, landing card, customs dec
laration, immigration canls and
the American Express Comiwny
voucher to show I had a reserva
tion at tlie Relais Hotel.
The Brazzaville Airport was
tasteful, commodious, but unfin
ished. The concrete concourse had
short order and a secret protocol to the
treaty found in Nazi archives after the
war showed that Germany and Russia had
agreed to divide Poland between them.
Two years later, when German troops
were pouring into Russia in violation of the
pact, Stalin would still justify his odious deal
with Hitler. "We secured peace for our coun
try for one and a half years," he told the
Russian people, "as well as an opportunity
of preparing our forces for defense . . . This
was a definite gain for our country and a loss
for fascist Germany."
Today the question may be asked about
what gains Premier Khrushchev has in mind
for his country, and what losses for the West,
in the conclusion of a NATO-Warsaw Pact
non-agression pact. In a dispatch to the New
York Times from Bonn, C. L. Sulzberger says
Bonn's experts "now see Moscow policy as
aimed more at restricting West German rear
mament than at gaining NATO recognition of
East Germany," and as "the initial step toward
West Germany's military and political neutra
lization." The United Stales, France and Britain
may well find common cause with the Soviets
on the question of West German rearmament.
But the very term "non-agression pact" is
anathema to those who remember the sordid
Nazi-Russian deal in 1939.
End To Cruelty
tific laboratories, either the result of neglect,
or of simple carelessness.
Great Britain has a humane treatment law
which dates well into the last century, and it
has not hampered legitimate animal experi
mentation. Surely this country is at least as
concerned over animals who cannot speak on
their own behalf as is Britain.
This is a live subject' to many people.
Cleveland Amory, writing in the Saturday Re
view, says a piece he wrote on the need for
humane legislation in this field drew more re
sponse than any other in his memory. A later
article by him in the Saturday Evening Post
has also drawn much attention.
There is no excuse for the present situa
tion, which permits cruelty either for cruel
ty's sake (rarely, one hopes), or by thoughtless
inadvertence or a "don't care" attitude.
We hope Congress can bestir itself this
year, not only to enact legislation vital to the
country's needs, but also to remove a blot of
shame which a simple piece of tested legisla
tion could do.
ALEXANDER .
Brazzaville Revisited
lots of counters, wicket-windows,
holes in tlio floor and half-built
walls. It had plenty of gendarmes
and airlines personnel, but ap
parently all the Civil Service peo
ple had gone home to bed.
1 wasted half an hour trying
to show my credentials to some
one -anyone and llien gave up.
An Air France hostess examined
my hotel reservation, consulted
a list and said I wasn't on it.
She offered to get mo a room at
Uie Air France iiotel, but I had
engagements for the morning
and insisted on my civilian quar
ters where I hoped to find mes
sages about the appointments.
A young man, deeply disan
nulled that his girl had failed to
arrive on the plane, pressed his
own reservations at the (irand
Hotel uxin me. so I gratefully
look them. Nobody was bothering
with baggage checks, there were
no taxis, hut 1 found my lug
gage and jumicd with it into an
nien-endcd bus that was going
I knew not where. We were .soon
among huts and semi-jungle. I
had little hope of seeing civiliza
tion again, but a bearded man
with a knapsack assured me that
the bus stopped at all the best
hotels. He was right. Within an
hour I was in the young man's
intended loveliest a good
bed under me, the rim of an old
fashioned veranda showing
through the open French doors
above the silent street of a dark
ening town.
Next morning, I found what I
needed most a friend, lie was
.lack Hedges, U.S. Information
officer at tlx American Embas
sy, who brought all that a travel
er needs local currency, fact
sltccts, an automobile, advice and
a tattle of whiskey.
Turtday, August 27, 196)
Leery
From then on, thanks to Hedges
and American Ambassador
Blancke, the visit was a milk-run.
1 lived in Brazzaville and commut
ed across the river to Leopoldville
w here, although without a visa or
any permissive papers at all, I
again h;id State Department es
cort and hospitality. The sub
stitute for credentials turned out
to be the password "Diploma
tique." It would remove sentries,
ocn doors and assure safe pas
sage. Departure from Brazzaville,
another night flight, was easy,
since the airline manager drove
me to the airport. Again, none
ol the officials seemed to lie
around to fuss over departure pa
pers. My guide finally awakened,
with a polite "Monsieur?", a
slumbering African on tie floor
of a dark office. Identification
amounted to writing my name on
a bit of paper and having it
matched with the signature on
the passport. This was all done
in semi-darkness.
My guess is that the changing
of tlie palace guard will make
no more difference in Brazzaville
and the Congo Republic than the
regular afternoon ran showers.
The European airlines will (etch
the travelers, the tradesmen, the
journalists and the conference at
tendants. Tlie hotels will accom
modate guests. Tlie Catholic
churelK'S and schools will teach
the young. The Army will choose
the politicians. The French busi
ness community will pocket the
proiits. and occasionally some
body like Senator Kllrnder will
blunderingly tell the unfashion
able truth. Childlike Africa with
out tlie visible or invisible man
agement of Mother Europe would
soon wander back into tlie jungle.
IN WASHINGTON
Russ
By RALPH de TOLEDANO
Nearly four million American
young people are enrolled in col
leges and professional schools.
This say some educationists, is
not good enough. And. say others,
we've got to do better if we're
going to catch up with the Soviet
Union's educational system. At
the drop of a hat. Admiral Hyman
Rickover, whose "researches" in
Soviet education brought smiles
to the faces of those of us who
accompanied him on his "tour"
of Russia, will hold forth on both
points.
Well, I've slopped worrying. I
saw the Soviet schools and col
leges at first hand and they didn't
impress me. Now I have statisti
cal evidence, straight from tlie
Soviet Union and compiled by the
scholarly Institute for the Study
of the USSR, which proves thai
I was right. Consider first these
facts:
1. The Soviet population is much
greater than that of Uie U.S. or
well over 200 million people.
2. The Soviet higher education
system has places tor only 450.000
students and only half of thai
number for daytime attendance.
3. Between 1954 and 1957, 3.3
million candidates for Soviet uni
versities and professional schools
were turned down because there
was no room for them. That num
ber has since increased, of
course.
4. Only 20 per cent of all can
didates for higher education arc
admitted on the basis of merit.
The oUicr 80 per cent arc sons
and daughters of tlie new "elite,"
the bureaucratic ruling class
which grabs everything in sight
leaving only ideology and pie-in-the-sky
to the working classes.
The Red and pinko press may
yelp about the "class" nature of
American education, but a bl ight
student in the United Stales, no
matter how poor, has an infinite
ly better chance to get into col
lege than a Russian ditto.
But what of the quality of So
viet education? This is what we
heard about almost every hour on
the hour not too long ago. High
praise went to Comrade Khrush
cliev for improving and inspiring
Soviet education. He did it, we
would presume, by insisting that
between the end of grammar
school and the beginning of sec
ondary school all Soviet students
be required to spend two ears
working on farm or in factory.
To tlie extent that tliey are al
lowed to speak up. Soviet scien
tists have boon protesting this
., ,l,.iiarinie." The Journal of
the
Institute oilers me reason
whv:
"Tlw (act is that Miru.-h-
cIk'v's proposed reform almost
completely ignored the training ol
specialists essential to the intro
duction of complex mcchaiHon.
QUESTIONS
AND
ANSWERS
Q Why Is solid carbon dioxide
called dry Ice?
A It does not return to liquid
lorm when it melts but changes
directly into a gas.
q Where Is the Itinron dia
lect spoken?
A Tlie Rincon dialect of Za
potoc is spoken by some 12.000
Indians in the northern part of
Uaxaca, Mexico.
The Middle of the Road
Is Sometimes Hard to Find
'4
I
. r
Education
automation, and electronic de
vices, who with the present level
of technological development
must pursue an intensive and un
interrupted course in one narrow
specialty and possess ... a
thorough theoretical grounding."
And Soviet Academician A. Mi
nus, writing in Izvcstia, c o m
plains: "During the first t w o
years at a technical college, the
foundations are laid the founda
tions in physics, mathematics,
and chemistry which must be as
similated and mastered by a fu
ture scientist or engineer. . . .
This requires great perseverance.
But it is precisely for these years
that tlie students are transferred
to evening courses. In the morn
ing, they work in factories."
By SYDNEY J. HARRIS
The frightful and ignorant ar
rogance of modern man is no
where more clearly revealed
than in his contemptuous attitude
toward the words of his progeni
tors. He accepts what he finds
comfortable, and rejects what he
does not understand.
To take two of the most simple
and obvious examples: Our fore
fathers reminded us that "all men
are created equal." Now, cvi
dentally, all men are not created
equal they arc dilferenl in
height, weight, background, men
tal capacity, moral character, and
dozens of different ways. No two
men anywhere on carta are exact
ly equal in such ways.
When modern man points this
out, does he imagine that Jeffer
son and Franklin and tlie Amer
ican Revolutionists were s u c h
idiots as to believe that men
were created equal in such ways?
Nobody above the mental level
of eight would think that. So,
obviously, the Founding Fathers
meant something quite different,
and much deeper, than these
"equalities." But we do not both
er to discover what they meant.
Tlie second example comes from
the Bible, where we ar,- command
ed to love our neighbors and
love our enemies apparently,
as Chesterton said, because they
are so oten the same persons.
Along comes modern man and
asserts Uiat nobody can be "com
manded" to love anybody. Love
to us is an emotion, a feeling,
and it cannot be turned off and
on. it cannot be directed ad
channeled. Love, like the wind,
hlowelh where it lislctli. and no
body can be told whom he should
love.
How- can anyone in his right
mind imagine that this is wiial
the wise men who wrote the
Bible meant when they informed
us that Hod commands us to love
our neighbors? Didn't they know
as well as we that people are
bundles of likes and dislikes,
attraction and repulsions, affec
tions and aversions'' Does any
one think that tlie priests and the
prophets were so stupid that tliey
thought this kind of loe could
bo ordered, even by Hod?
Si. obuously. something else is
meant. The kind of "love" we
Declines
This is why those who have
studied Soviet methods say that
the "main victim of the f Khrush
chev) school reform has been
education." Comrade Khrush
chev's solution to the tremendous
shortage of collegiate facilities in
Russia reminds me of his boast
to us back in 1959.
"In the future." he said, "there
will be no need lor kitchens in
Soviet homes. Everyone will eat
at a cafeteria." Today, he is
applying that principle to t h e
schools. Unfortunately for the mil
lions in tlie Soviet Union who
wait and pray for an opportunity
to enter a technical or liberal arts
college and for those able to
gain admittance a cafeteria edu
cation isn't very much.
STRICTLY
PERSONAL
are commanded to have in tlie
Bible is not (at least, at first'
a "feeling" or an "emotion."
It is an act of will, it is a turn
ing toward the object in a way
quite different from the way in
which wo turn to our beloved
sweethearts or sons or daugh
ters. Notice that we are not com
manded to "like" people; we are
requested to "love" them which
is both easier and harder. We can
not decide whom we will like:
hut in some peculiar way we
learn to "love" even those we
may not like. Unless we under
stand this, the w hole Biblical mes
sage eludes us as, in a dif
ferent way, the whole Declara
tion of Independence eludes us,
if we fail lo grasp its meaning of
"equality."
II is easy to prove that I h e
past was wrong, stupid and mis
guided. All we have to do is to
ignore the significance of what
is said. Modern man has no
trouble whatsoever in doing this.
BERRY'S WORLD
"Ltt'i let . . . tbt lot bone't eonntcled to tbt foot
bont . . . tbi foot bone't , , .'
EDSON IN WASHINGTON
'Protest' March On
Capital Expensive
By PETER EDSON
Washington Correspondent
Newspaper Enterprise Assn.
WASHINGTON (NE.V - Wash
ington is literally holding its
breath until the Aug. 28 March
for Freedom and Jobs by from
100.000 to maybe 300.000 civil
rights advocates is all over and
done with.
If it comes off as tlie orderly
demonstration i t s organizers
have planned, it can be a drama
tic and impressive example for
the world of a peaceful peoples'
protest.
It could be reduced lo a fiasco
by a little thing like a late sum
mer afternoon thunderstorm.
Tlie presence of sympathetic
w hite marchers perhaps a fourth
of tlie total is good insurance
against racial disturbances.
Unintentional accidents creat
ing panic are the most serious
concern.
To the credit of the march or
ganizers, from A. Philip Ran
dolph on down to the bus cap
tains and parade marshals, every
effort is being made to keep out
Communists or other troublemak
ers. To the credit of Washington po
lice under Chief Robert V. Mur
ray and his top deputies, Ameri
can Nazi party Fuelu-er George
L. Rockwell and his ilk will be
kept under control.
The original "Big Six" organ
izersJames Farmer. Martin Lu
WASHINGTON
Taxpayers' Money
Purchases Wives
By FULTON LEWIS JR.
John Q. Public foots the bill
for something called tlie Traders
Loan Scheme, under which hard
pressed Africans may borrow
funds with which to purchase
wives.
To date, half a million U.S. dol
lars have been dished out by the
Ke-ya Government. Recipients
are local traders who have seen
better days.
Kenya officials admit that
more than $500 was made avail
able to one individual anxious lo
buy a wife. They insist, however,
that the loan was made prior to
U.S. participation in the program.
The above story was confirmed
last week by the Comptroller
General Joseph Campbell, who is
Congress' budgetary watchdog. He
cited case after case of govern
ment waste and inefficiency in a
letlcr to Virginia Sen. Willis Rob
ertson. Examples:
The Agency for International
Development spent $400.0110 to buy
1.000 batlery-operaled T.V. sets
for African villages that lacked
electricity. Purchased without
competitive bidding. the
sets were not needed. AID is
now trying to recover $57,000 of
(he original price.
The Department of Health.
Education and Welfare shelled
out $18,000 lo a Columbus. Ohio
doctor for a study of monumental
importance. Title: "Appointment
Breaking in a Pediatric Clinic."
llaile Selassie, iron - fisted
Ethiopian Emperor, cruises ' tlie
seven seas in a $3 million, air
conditioned yacht, courtesy of Un
cle Sam. Explanation by the De
partment of Defense: "There were
political considerations involved
in making this vessel available."
Wisconsin scientists are busy
spending more than $1.2 million
in a study of the relationship be
tween Hie infant monkey and its
mother.
Liberia, which has received
foreign aid totaling $131 million,
turned around and spent $10 mil
lion (or a gold-plated presiden
tial palace. Interested Congress
men, in an on-the-spot survev,
concluded that "Liberia's limit-
ther King, John Lewis, A. Philip
Randolph, Roy Wilkins and Whit
ney Young have become a "Big
Ten."
Tlie additional leaders are
Matliew Ahmann of National Cath
olic Conference on Interracial Jus
tice. Eugene Carson Blake of Na
tional Council of Churches, Joa
chim Prinz of American Jewish
Conference and Walter Reuther
of United Auto Workers. All will
speak at the Lincoln Memorial in
a two-to-tliree-hour program.
The original $75,000 budgeted
to cover march expenses has
proved inadequate. It has been
raised to nearly 5125.000 by a
$17,000 contribution from labor un
ions and $30,000 from churches
and civic organizations. But stiS
more is being sought to pay ex
penses of unemployed workers
who want to march.
Sale of badges reading, "March
on Washington For Jobs and
Freedom, Aug. 28, 19i" at 25
cents each is expected to raise
$50,000 or more.
11 will cost the District of Col
umbia nearly $100,000 to direct
traffic, police the march, provide
first aid and sanitary facilities,
clean up the mess after it's
over.
To handle the crowd will require
2,500 local police, another l.ooo in
Virginia and Maryland, 2.000 Na
tional Guardsmen, nearly 1 ,000
Army Military Police and 2,000
parade marshals.
REPORT . . .
ed resources could be better
' util-
ized."
More than $75,000 has been
authorized by the Department of
HEW to scientists who are set
ting up colonics of baboons and
monkeys.
Sen. Barry Goldwater. who has
visited hundreds of college cam
puses in the last several years,
appears to have sown well the
seeds of conservatism.
More than 150 students, repre
senting 31 Ohio colleges, met re
cently to form "Young Ohioans
for Goldwater." It is their stale's
first such group working for a po
litical candidate.
At an organization meeting, the
students heard Rep. John Ash
brook describe the importance of
Ohio's Presidential primary. The
president of the fledgling youth
group, which hopes to enlist 100.
000 Ohioans by the year's end, is
Charles London.
Congressman William Fills
Ryan, a vocal foe of the "radi
cal right." recently paid tribute
to tlie College Democrats of New
York State.
Meeting in New York two
months ago. the college kids ap
proved a platform that called for
repeal of the McCarran Act: abol
ition of the House UnAmerican
Activities Committee; repeal of
all government loyalty oaths:
and advocacy of Communist views
on college campuses.
Al
manac
By United Press International
Today is Tuesday, Aug. 27, the
2:19th day of 1!K!3 with 126 to fol
low. The moon is at first quarter.
The morning star is Jupiter.
The evening stars arc Mars
and Saturn.
Chinese pliiluspher Confucius
was born on this dale in 5.10 B.C.
On this day in hislorv:
In lilMl. the published' books ol
John Milton were burned in Lon
don. In llivt, the first oil well in tlw
United Slates was drilled near
TiIiisviIIp, I'd
In MM. tl- first automobile
dnn-r In Ik- piled for .spoking
was gm n a live day sentence in
the Ni-M.jK.rt. It. I , piil.
lo ,r Kellogg . Unand
I'.nt lo outlaw w;ir w; SiKnod
by II ii.ilii.iii .il funs.
Itl'MlSflit f.ir Hip li, Dwight
l.o-i-iiliowt-r wil. "A soldier's
pj' k la ml , Ik-.h v a burden
II . U rii.lBK- i lium,
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