PAGE -A
HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falls, Oregon
Wednesday, August II, 1953
EPSON IN WASHINGTON . . .
West Won't Gain In
China, Soviet War
Learn
As all parents with college-bound children
know, the cost of higher education is reach
ing for the sky and shows no signs of leveling
off.
A recent study by the University of Mich
igan reveals that the average annual bill for
an American college student is $1,550. In a
few years we may look back and wonder if
tilings were ever that inexpensive.
But right now, this sum of money (it is
only an average; costs can be much higher at
individual schools) looms as an insurmount
able obstacle for far too many otherwise
qualified high school graduates who are now
going through a "summer of discontent" be
fore reconciling themselves to the fact that
college, through no fault of their own, is not
for them.
Fortunately, there is another trend off
. setting the gloom of this one: Sources of fi
' nancial aid for students (over and above the
- traditional scholarships and part-time jobs)
are increasing in number, size and availabili
ty. Today, the financially hard-pressed stu
dent CAN get help in paying for his college
education not just the superior student, but
the run-of-the-mill student whose grades are
satisfactory.
Last year at Tulane University, for in
stance, 2,200 students nearly half the full-
Peace -
Even though we know the Russians too
well to drop our guard, it must be admitted
that it is a pleasant change from the Cold War
to be on the receiving end of Russian effusions
of friendship.
Relations between our two countries
could not have been more cordial than they
have the past few weeks. Our envoys to Mos
cow and those from Britain could not have
been more warmly treated.
The signing of the nuclear lest ban
treaty, limited and imperfect as it is, makes
worthwhile the seemingly fruitless years of
argument that went before.
- Assuming that the Soviets may intend to
abide by the treaty, there is still the nagging
suspicion that this sudden sweet reasonable
ness may not be quite genuine, that there is
some ulterior reason which may, in the end,
work to our harm.
The obvious answer is that Khrushchev
is mending his fences facing the West be
cause of deteriorating relations with the East
Red China. Knowledgeable observers seem
to agree that the Russian about-face is gen
uine, that it does bode well for the future of
mankind, and that we should take advantage
of it.
Surely the vehemence with which the
HOLMES
By HOLMES ALEXANDER
- There is one advantage In being
usually in the minority opinion,
as is the Republican party and
your columnist. The conscientious
dissenter has the exquisite privi
lege of truth-telling without the
temptation to go pandering after
popularity. On Capitol Hill the
other day. Senator Everett Dirk
sen did himself proud by indulg
ing in this privilege, while a large
group of House Republicans did
themselves dirt by casting it
away.
Dirksen in the Senate's hand
some conference room faced a
100-mcmber, well-dressed, well
mannered delegation from the
NAACP. As minority leader, he
was there with other Republican
senators because the GOP has
always solicited Negro votes in
the Northern cities and needs
them next year as seldom before.
But when Dirksen was chided
in front of this audience for
his opposition to tlie public ac
commodations section of the Civil
Rights bill, he admirably refused
to grovel for himself or his
party. Instead, he said:
"You may not be satisfied with
. my approach, but 1 don't go
; around particularly trying to
please tverybody. I will adhere to
.3 I
Now, Pay Later
time enrollment received financial aid from
various sources totaling $2 million.
The university itself makes loans run
ning some $400,000 yearly, on liberal terms.
Other important sources include:
The National Defense Student Loan Pro
gram, under which needy students may bor
row up to $1,000 for one academic year and
up to $5,000 for the entire course of their
higher education. They may take as long as
10 years to repay the loan, at 3 per cent an
nual interest, beginning a year after they
graduate. In addition, those who go into teach
ing can get writeoffs of up to 50 per cent of
the loan.
Private educational financing organiza
tions also are playing a growing part. Under
some plans, the family repays tuition loans in
monthly installments.
Still another source is commercial banks.
Loans can be negotiated on a long-term basis
with interest usually lower than on other types
of loans. An advantage here is that a family
need not be "needy" but merely have a good
credit record.
Thus, while college costs have increased
tremendously, ways to meet those costs also
have increased thanks to national and local
governments, public and private groups, prof
it and nonprofit organizations.
All are resolved that in America, no
qualified young person be denied access to the
best education he is capable of mastering.
Is 1 So Wonderful?
Red Chinese have denounced the treaty
and Khrushchev and the Russian Communist
party for signing it indicates that the nu
clear ban is hardly just part of a larger So
viet plot, any more than Gen. De Gaulle's
maverick behavior is part of over-all Western
strategy.
Whatever the truth may be, Americans
are accepting the treaty with restrained re
lief. Opinion polls are almost unanimous in
painting a picture of the man in the street
who is wary and not exactly overjoyed, but is
nevertheless hopeful that some good will come
of it.
Americans' attitudes might be summed
up as: "It's better than nothing." Or to para
phrase Churchill: "Ban ban is better than war
war."
Senate scrutiny of the treaty, we hope,
will be thorough although the cries of the
Senate eggheads lead us to believe it will
be anything but thorough.
"Peace" is wonderful but we retain the
skepticism that leads us to believe that the
Russians will get the best of the bargain.
We have little faith in Harriman and the
other "peace at all costs" delegates that
head our state department policy makers.
ALEXANDER .
Privilege And Humbug
my conviction, and pursue it ac
cording to my rights."
Coming from a political leader,
in the particular circumstances
that now beset the Republicans,
Dickson's retort rang with echoes
from Barbara Frietcliic's "Shoot
if you must this old gray head."
and from Nathan Hale's "I re
gret that I have but one lite
to give for my country." It was
nervy, it was honorable, it was
right.
But at almost the same hour.
Dirkscn's colleagues in the House
of Representatives were enacting
a scene of hokum and hypocrisy
on the same subject of racial
politics. Before the House was
the Vocational Education Act of
ltitvl to which Uiere was a final
opposition of only 21 votes.
Almost every member, that is.
favored adding W50 million dur
ing the next four years to the
measly -7 million now being
spent by Uie federal government
to match state funds for voca
tional training. Yet. with hon
orable exceptions, tlie Republicans
could not resist the temptation
to put themselves falsely on rec
ord as pro-Negro and to bare
the well-known North South rill
in the Democratic parly.
Accordingly the Republicans, al
most, en masse, supported an
amendment named for Adam
Clayton Powell to provide that
tlie funds be expended without re
gard to race, color, or creed. The
provision, as everybody knew, was
needless. The President has said
he intends to spend the money
that way. law or no law. But
the Republican strategy, a weari
some trick by this time, was to
attach the anti - discrimination
amendment to the bill, curry a
bogus favor with the Negroes,
and hope that Southern Senators
in what the House calls "the
other body" would filibuster it
into defeat.
In the latter case, of course,
nobody would get the use of the
much-needed, almost unopposed
increase in Vocational Education.
Tlie amendment wasted nearly
three hours in useless debate and
was dcteated 217 to 181.
It was an exercise in liunilnic.
an exhibit of perversion in ra
cial politics. Tlie House Republi
cans ought to have formed a queue
and kicked one another out of
tlie chamber. They had, in con
trast to Everett Dirksen. passed
up the privilege of taking an
honest position without pander
ing for anybody's approval. It's
a privilege, if you're asking me,
of inestimable worth.
l)'$.
IN WASHINGTON
By RALPH de TOLEDANO
It seems like only a few weeks
since Governor Nelson Rockefel
ler was lambasting the "radical
right" and implying that Senator
Barry Goldwater was both its
idol and its ideologue. That didn't
work in knocking the Senator out'
of the Republican Presidential
stakes.
Few people among the GOP's
rank-and-file accepted the Rocke
feller charge, and it was clear
that an attempt at making the
Goldwater position and John
Birchism synonymous would get
nowhere.
The next push came from other
sources. To believe them, Barry
Goldwater was a racist with an
anti-Negro record. Pickets were
sent out to a number of choice
locations including tlie Sena
tor's home state of Arizona
to spread the word. Most people
yawned.
' Therefore, a new line is now
being displayed. It is, perhaps,
more vicious than the others be
cause no defense exists against
it. It goes like Uiis:
Senator G oldwater is not a
member of the "radical right."
He is not a racist. But he can't
carry the South, a necessary
condition to victory, because the
By SYDNEY J. HARRIS
"Crops are grown in the coun
try." said an ancient Roman writ
er, "and words in the city." Lan
guage does not spring from the
soil, but from the stones of ur
ban communities; and most lan
guages have an inbuilt bias
against the rustic.
Consider the word "villain."
Today it means simply an evil
man, a wrong-doer. But originally
a villain was a serf or peasant,
who was attached to the "villa."
or farm.
Because the arbiters of lan
guage in those days regarded the
farmers as churlish, rude, and
bestial, the word "villain" came to
be applied to anyone having those
characteristics.
"Boor" has the same snobbish
history. At first it meant any cul
tivator of the soil; subsequently it
came to mean any person w ho w as
coarse and unmannerly. The same
is exactly true for "churlish. "
Ancient monasteries, as well as
schools, were" responsible for the
class-consciousness ol luimuac.
It is not widely known, lor in
stance, that "pagan" was first a
villager, as opposed to a towns
man. It was not thought that the
villagers could be good Christians,
and only late in Us iife did the
word come to mean a heathen.
"Clown" is alo a word onui
nally designated for a ruial per
son. A "knave" was once simplv
a servant tlien it came to mean
any rascal who co.ild not be
trusted. And when we say that,
a person is "unciv il," we are real
ly saying that he is not city-bred,
that he lacks the cultivated man
ners of an urban dweller.
It is one of tlie ironies of mod
em society at least, mice the In
dustrial Revolution that the vil
lage has been growing mure
mannerly, and the city more un
civil. As tlie city increased in
size, it reached and passed its op
timum point of "civility."
Shakespeare, in his "A Midsum
mer Night's Dream." relers to
the "rude mechanics" tlie rural
1 : ,
Getting Goldwater
"radical right" and the racists
hate him. He doesn't stand a
chance and at this point you
can hear the speaker tut - tut
sadly because lie has a Jewish
grandfather. It's a shame that
people should be so bigoted, the
vicwer-with-sadness says, but
after all that's a fact of life.
It may be that anti-Semitism
will defeat Senator Goldwater.
When John F. Kennedy was run
ning for the Presidency, lie made
his Catholicism help rather than
hurt by making an issue of it.
His campaign workers, in their
word-of-mouth propaganda, more
than implied that those who op
posed Mr. Kennedy were anti
Catholic and beyond the pale.
But Senator Goldwater does not
intend to use this strategy. Those
working for him know that he
does not want them to so much
as mention the religious issue.
Even if the bigots are silenced,
however, there are others who
normally would show disgust at
this method of winning ejections
but who are not above it. For
some time, members of the Wash
ington press corps have been
aware that a well-liked Texas
Congressman has made oblique
use of the Jewish issue by care
fully reminding constituents in his
STRICTLY
PERSONAL
weaver, the tinker, the joiner,
and so on. Yet the really rude
mechanics today arc found in the
jungle of the city, and the more
polite and friendly and neighbor
ly ways seem to have persisted
only in the village atmosphere.
The long-standing hostility of
the countryman to the city dwell
er is simply a reaction to the city
dwellers' sense of superiority over
the centuries, which is deeply and
unconsciously imbedded in his
language we still speak of
"hicks" with a deprecatory air,
even though the modern farm is
a sophisticated enterprise.
Technology in the 20th century
has made the people more homo
geneous than ever before: they
road the same papers and maga
zines, see the same television
shows, have access to much the
same fashions, and share a com
mon viewpoint.
"Yf . . hut iott it
BERRY'S IRLD
newsletter of the religion of Gold
water's grandfather. The mention
is made in tlie context of point
ing out the equal opportunities
offered by America.
Those correspondents who are
most ecstatically and violently,
anti-conservative chortled at what
they thought was a neat thrust.
Others felt somewhat queasy
about it. In the last days, how
ever, a columnist close to Pres
ident Kennedy (and who writes
for a pro-Rockefeller newspaper)
has mentioned the Congressional
reference to Goldwater's grand
father. . It can be expected that anti
Semitism will play a growing
part in the efforts of respectable
political leaders to torpedo the
Goldwater candidacy. I am sure
that some of them will, with
pious tears, deplore the campaign
and disavow it. The very disa
yowol can be expected to do
some damage.
But I suspect that it will do
little harm in the South. North
ern liberals tend to have a fever
ish and outlandish concept of the
region below the Mason - Dixon
line. If 1 am any judge, however,
there is less anti-Semitism in
the South than in any other part
of the United States. It exists
for the most part in Uie back
country, not in the cities and the
suburban areas on which Barry
Goldwater must depend for sup
port. The American Nazi Party,
George Lincoln Rockwell's rag
tag and bobtail group of tinhorn
fascists, picketed the July 4
"Draft Goldwater" rally in Wash
ington. There are other groups of
similar ill-repute and unimport
ance which scatter seeds of hatred
across Uie land. These groups,
with their noxious publications,
have had an increasingly diminish
ing impact on Americans if only
because the appeal is so hysteri
cal and in such bad taste.
True, political analysts have
seen a startling rise in Negro
anti-Semitism over the last years.
But since no Republican can be
expected to get more than :i
per cent of the Negro vote lac
cording to opinion surveys' and
Senator Goldwater counts on an
insignificant 2 per cent, this will
not affect the course of history.
As of today, it is not the bigots
who stand between Senator Gold
water and the Republican nom
ination or the Presidency
but the liberals.
hart poutr iir)i?"
By PETER EDSON
Washington Correspondent
Newspaper Enterprise Assn.
(Second of two columns
on Russia-Ked China split.)
WASHINGTON (NEA Warn
ing flags already are being run
up against hope that the United
States somehow will make big
gains from the cold war be
tween Soviet Russia and Red Chi
na. "This isn't a permanent split."
cautions lormer Rep. Walter H.
Judd, R-Minn., who still rates as
one of the few remaining "old
China hands" around Washington.
This is just a lift between a
couple of Communist theoreti
cians, Dr. Judd insists. It will be
decided by the accepted princi
ples of Marxist practice.
"When it is all over, some
body will have to walk the
plank," says Judd. "It may be
Mao or it may be Khrushchev.
"Whoever it is, the Communist
Party will still remain exactly
what it always has been. For un
der the theory of 'democratic cen
tralism,' the party can never be
wrong. Only individual members
can be wrong."
Sizing up the two tup antago
nists in this rift, Judd points out
that many Communist cells around
the world have never accepted
Khrushchev's policy of de-Staliniz-ation.
Mao may have more sup
port than he is credited with.
What Khrushchev is doing, there
fore, in his test ban treaty and
his proposals for a nnnaggression
pact with the West is to protect
his rear while he wages ideologi
cal war on his eastern front.
"This is my great fear," warns
Judd. "Remember that less than
a year ago, Khrushchev could
have destroyed the United States
from Cuba. There can be no peace
till communism itself fails.
"We can never relax until
Khrushchev takes steps that will
show he is genuinely interested in
permanent world peace."
Four acts that would show this
intent are listed as:
End colonization in eastern
Europe as Russia now wants Por
WASHINGTON
Rockefeller Blasts
Young Republicans
By FULTON LEWIS JR.
The man who wasn't there has
offered a less - than - penetrating
analysis of the recent Young Re
publican National Convention.
Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller
turned down an invitation to ad
dress the San Francisco conclave
for sound political reasons: His
appearance was a guaranteed
bomb.
Nevertheless, Rocky sounded off
the other day: "Every objective
observer at San Francisco has
reported that the proceedings there
were dominated by extremist
groups, carefully organized, well
financed and operating through
the tactics of ruthless, roughshod
intimidation. These are the tactics
of totalitarianism."
Rockefeller went on to charge
that supporters of Barry Goldwa
ter "disgracefully subverted" the
convention in electing Donald
"Buz" Lukens as National Chair
man. The record has been set straight
by E. Slrother Smith, co-chairman
of the Virginia YRs. Unlike
the New York governor. Smith
was in San Francisco. As a mat
ter of fact, he and his fellow Vir
ginians backed Charles McDevitt.
whom Lukens defeated for Na
tional Chairman.
Virginia YR leaders authorized
Smith to write Rockefeller as fol
lows: "Tlie Executive Committee of
the Young Republican Federation
of Virginia was truly shocked and
amazed to hear anyone with such
a position of trust and responsi
bility as you have making such
unfounded and prejudiced re
marks about a group which has
done so much toward Uie further
ing of Republican aspirations
across the United States as have
the Young Republicans."
Point by point. Smith dissected
the Rockefeller blast.
"You charged tlie Young Re
publicans with racism." wrote
Smith. "Just ask the Negroes of
the New York delegation how tlicy
got along with tlie racists from
North Carolina. Georgia and Ar
kansas i in opposing Lukens'. -
"As far as the conservative
forces being well-financed, it was
obvious to all who were truly ob
jective that, comparatively speak
ing, it was tlie more liberal can
didate i McDevitt ' who had the
greatest financial resources. In
lact. his financial backing was so
much greater than anyone eke s
that his opposition could charge
that be was backed by 'Rockefel
ler money.' If there was any out
side financing, it certainly seems
that it was from tlie liberal side
rather than the conservative "
Richard Obenchain. chairman of
the Virginia YRs, who, too. sup
tugal to end its colonization in Af
rica. Modify Communist doctrine on
world domination and concentrate
on better living for Russian peo
ple. Completely withdraw Russian
support of Cuba.
Settle tlie Berlin question by
allowing reunification of Germany
under free, democratic elections.
"There is too much day-to-day
thinking about our relations with
the Communists," says Judd in
summary.
"We go into a conference with
maintenance of the status quo as
our maximum objective. The Rus
sians go into a conference with
that as a minimum objective. They
want more. We don't think far
enough ahead."
The likelihood that Khrushchev
eventually will purge Mao Tse
tung is foreseen by Chinese Na
tionalist sources on Formosa. If
that happens, it is expected that
Peking again will fall under Mos
cow's domination.
Tao Hsi-sheng, chairman of the
Central Daily News of Taipei, sees
little possibility of Mao softening
his antiwestcrn attitude in an
attempt to consolidate his own po
sition and win allies to China's
side in opposition to Russia.
Resumption of talks Sept. II be
tween American ambassador John
Moors Cabot in Warsaw and Red
Chinese ambassador Wang Ping
nan after a four-month lapse is
interesting but not significant. The
talks have been going on for
eight years without result.
Red China's Premier Chou En
lai has relayel to Washington
an invitation for i new world-wide
conference on disarmament. But
it is given even less standing than
French President Charles de
Gaulle's similar proposal.
President Kennedy declared, in
fact, at his last press conference
that a continuation of Red China's
present policies would lead to a
more dangerous situation in the
l!)70s than any faced by this coun
try since the end of World War II.
There is no hope in that outlook.
REPORT . . .
ported McDevitt for chairman, ob
served: "Hard as Governor Rockefeller
may try to tag the Young Repub
licans with the odious epithet of
extremism, he succeeds only in
exaggerating the desperation of
his own political strategy. The
Young Republicans were virtual
ly united in their enthusiasm for
Barry Goldwater and their deep
belief in the sound principles of
constitutional government."
The reports of respected news
men make Rockefeller's charge
more absurd. M. Stanton Evans,
editor of the Indianapolis News,
writes in National Review that
"ruthless, roughshod tactics"
were used not by Lukens' sup
porters, but by those out to beat
him including YR officials from
Rockefeller's New York State.
Outgoing YR Chairman w a s
I-conard Nadasdy, a Minnesota
liberal who used every parliamen
tary trick at his disposal to de
feat Lukens. With the convention
machinery arrayed against Lu
kens, Editor Evans writes, "the
Conservative forces found com
munications a particularly diffi
cult problem. The difficulty was
intensified on the eve of tlie bal
loting, when Lukens' headquarters
found their phone lines had been
cut."
Largo groups of liberal dele
gates, scrgeants-at-arms and pri
vate police idubbed rent-a-cops by
conservatives ' roamed the con
vention floor to prevent Lukens'
workers from moving about. But
Lukens won despite almost impos
sible odds, and the Young Repub
licans had a Goldwater Republi
can at their helm.
Al
manac
By United Press International
Today is Wednesday, Aug. 26.
tlie 2:Urd day of 19M with 132
to follow.
The moon is approaching its
first phase.
The morning stars are Jupiter
and Saturn.
The evening stars are Mars
and Saturn.
Those born today include Brit
ain's Princess Margaret, in 1930.
On this day in history:
In 1M0. a group of English
(hildren arrived in the United
States to seek temporary haven
from German air attacks.
In Bin, Leon Trotsky one
of the main builders of Soviet
communism was assassinated
in Mexico City.
A thought (or tlie day Will
Rogers said: "Everything is fun
ny as long as it is happening to
somebody else."