PAGE A
HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falls, Oregon
Friday. August (. 19fiJ
Reels Trying To Infiltrate Negro Rights Group Locally
A trend toward year-round schooling,
with one month rather than three months of
summer vacation, is shaping up in higher ed
ucation, enabling students to complete their
college education in three instead of four
years. ,
Summer school is not new in American
education, but the programs now being de
veloped, in numerous colleges and universi
ties are a far cry from the traditional summer
offerings. In the past, summer on the campus
usually meant one or two make-up courses for
students who had failed or had missed a re
quired credit or it meant special courses for
s school teachers or others not attending the
"regular sessions. The important innovation
today in colleges operating the year around is
that the summer term forms an integral part
of the academic calendar. It Includes a full
range of basic courses and affords regular
students the same opportunities to obtain
credits toward a degree as are afforded dur
ing other terms.
The main impetus for adoption of year
round college schedules is economic. Raising
the money to build the facilities that would be
needed under the present system to accom
modate all those who will soon be seeking ad
mission to college would be enormously dif
ficult. Census projections indicate that college
enrollment will rise from this year's 4.3 mil
lion to 7 million by 1970 and to 9 million by
1980. It has been estimated that if all Amer
ican colleges went on an 11-month schedule,
around $4 billion could be knocked off the
$10 billion that would otherwise be required
for plant expansion in the next 10 years.
The University of Pittsburgh started the
ball rolling toward year-round operation when
it adopted the so-called trimester plan in 1959.
Under this plan, the academic year is divided
into three terms extending over an 11-month
period. Pittsburgh students are now in the
third trimester of the academic year 1962-63.
The first trimester started last Sept. 5 and
ran to Dec 20; the second opened Jan. 3
and closed April 20; the current term, which
besnn Anril 29. will end Alls. 9.
The vear-round calendar has
By HOLMES ALEXANDER
WASHINGTON, D.C. - "I'll
have to have satisfactory answers
to the key questions before I
vote to ratify this treaty," said
Sen. Henry Jackson (D., Wash.)
Joint Atomic Energy Commit-
tecs.
In this scries of interview col-
umns, trying to get significant!
reactions to the Nuclear Treaty
:trom crucial - vote Senators, 1
I have talked with Byrd of Virgin
: la, Cannon, Dodd, Saltonstall, and
; 1 expect lo see Symington tonior-
row.
All of them have pulling power
among their colleagues and in
their spheres of influence: in the
South and the West, in conserva
tive and ultra-conscrvativo cir
cles, among business folk and
journalists. On Capital Hill it is
said that Minority Leader Dirk
sen will be the swing man who
makes or breaks t h o treaty
. ratification. But it's said that at
! the White House, the volo and
; the support regarded as hardest
; to get, and most meaningful to
have, belong lo "Scoop" Jack-'
"son.
t This could be because Jack
' son, although amiable and rc
' laxed, is made of what scientists
call "imiiervium" the mythical
metal that is totally unyielding.
He is not going to be moved
by While House pressure, by poli
tical considerations ihe's up next
year for reelection!, by pcace
mongcring, by sentiment or scl.'
doubt. Only if the facts come down
hard on the side of a positive
case for Uie treaty is Jackson
going lo give it his blessing. And
before that happens, lie will have
; obtained convincing evidence of
the treaty's worth Irom lop scicn
'. lists, the Joint Chiefs of StafI and
civilian authorities on foreign af
; fairs. The overriding military
v question in his mind is this:
; Does the treaty protect the na
; lion-shielding, peace-keeping de
terrent by which we could inflict
lh nuclear death-stroke upon a
nuclear foe?
To got a satisfactory answer,
Jackson needs to know whether
. Russian quality in weapons can
outpaco our present superiority
In quantity. This involves a re
view of the Jtussians' capacity
lo paralyze our strike ability by
anti-missile devices, their capa
city to penetrate our defenses,
tlieir ability lo smash our lr-
Ik- k
. Year-Round Schoo
ticularly strong headway in tax-supported in
stitutions, which are under pressure to dem
onstrate to state legislatures that they are
making efficient use of their facilities. Florida
in 1961 became the first state to require by
statute that its university system operate on a
year-round basis; the trimester plan was put
into effect at four universities in that state
last September. New York is launching ex
perimental all-year programs this summer at
three state institutions which are experienc
ing heavy enrollment pressures. The Uni
versity of Michigan will launch a transitional
program next September that is to lead to
all-year operation.
Interest in the extended academic calen
dar is not limited to the large tax-supported
, universities. Various small colleges, wanting
to accommodate more students without
changing their small-campus character, are
hoping through year-round operation to take
care of a 33 to 50 per cent increase in the
student body without enlarging physical
plant.
Whcslher the year-round schedule will
become the standard in higher education de
pends on whether enough students are willing
to spend their summers in study. For maxi
mum economy, the number admitted at the
beginning of each quarter or trimester should
be roughly the same. Trimester and four
quarters schedules are still loo new to make
it safe to say whether this will be the case.
Signs now point to a steady increase in sum
mer registration at colleges and universities
which offer a full schedule of courses in that
term.
A major advantage for the student in
summer study is that he may finish his col
lege education in slightly less than three
years. The requirements for an A.B. degree
are successful completion of 12 quarters or
eight trimesters. Extension of year-round
programs in the graduate schools of some
universities makes it possible to lop years off
the time previously required to prepare for
a professional career. The year-round study
plan has proved particularly appealing to
medical students.
made nar-
- ,
HOLMES ALEXANDER
Jackson Needs Proof
dened sites. It involves the Ad
ministration's ability to maintain
our national scientific workshop
when above-ground testing has
been banned, and the ability of
that workshop lo maintain pro
gressive achievement despite the
hobbles of non-testing.
This last applies both lo anti
missile development and to our
offensive weapons. If ' scientists
fail to convince Jackson that tlicy
don't know and can't learn
enough about enemy capacities,
and about our own capacity un
der the treaty terms, 1 take it
he will not support the treaty. If
the military witnesses aren't rea
sonably confident that they can
live with the treaty, I take it that
Jackson won't be on tlic side
which asks the country to ignore
tlieir informed opinion.
As to the foreign affairs view
point, Jackson will need some
convincing on American gains
and Russian motivations. If, by
taking the Free World lead in
disarmament, wc have sacrificed
Western unity, Jackson is likely
to think it a bad bargain. If lite
treaty is a Russian plot (or
dividing NATO, and if Russia
cannot logically be expected to
BERRY'S WORLD
"Daddy fust did
keep the U'caty terms in view of
Red Chinese rivalry for Com
munist leadership, Jackson will
have unresolved skepticism that
will tug him away from ratifica
tion. If ho docs oppose President
Kennedy on the treaty, Jack
son will be following his own
precedent for hard-line decisions.
In the 1940s, he supported Lewis
Strauss in an unpopular but suc
cessful fight or the H-bomb. In
the mid-1950s he helped keep Ad
miral Rickovcr in tlic harassed
business of producing a nuclear
submarine. Earlier this year,
along with Russell and Syming
ton, he instigated a warning to
President Kennedy, relative lo
far-reaching concessions on nu
clear disarmament.
How does lie feel about an obli
gation not to humiliate Uie Presi
dent before the world by reject
ing litis treaty?
"Well, it's something you
wouldn't do without being backed
( up by correct information. But
this isn't just another treaty. It
deals with our deterrent. I've
got to have proof before I can
support it." ,
22 puib-ups
By RAY CRO.MLEV
Newspaper Enterprise Assn.
WASHINGTON INEAI Secre
tary Gus Hall and the American
Communist party are making a
determined attempt to infiltrate
the civil rights struggle.
On July 11, the Communist
Party U.S.A. issued secret or
ders to its members to get in on
the Aug. 28 Negro March on Wash
ington. In other communications,
Hall and the other party bosses
have instructed Communists,
white and Negro, to join in Ne
gro demonstrations in their com
munities. The information in this dispatch
comes from authoritative sources.
The Reds are meeting with re
sistance. The Daily Worker of
July 7 complained in this regard
that, "It is also a fact to be
reckoned with, that some of the
most respected and dedicated of
the Negro people's leaders, who
are themselves often the target
of slanderous Red-smears, con
tinue to indulge in the McCarthy-ite-age
fashion of genuflecting be
fore the 'sacred symbol' of anti
communism." Some of the major Negro or
ganizations have already taken
By FULTON LEWIS JR.
It cost Pennsylvania Democrats
an estimated $250,000 to keep in
tact a winning streak dating back
nearly 30 years.
That is' the price tag experts
put on Fred Rooney's successful
campaign for the House of Rep
resentatives. A Republican has
not won election from Pennsyl
vania's loth District since 1930.
Rooney's victory last week is
not one to cheer Democratic an
alysts. Despite a registration edge
of 30,000 Democratic voters, Roo
ncy staggered home by only
8.000, the smallest victory mar
gin received by any Democratic
candidate in Uiree decades.
Republican Bob Bartlett, mak
ing his first race for public of
fice, was handicapped by hostile
voter reaction to the recent sales
tux hike approved by the GOP
Legislature and signed into law
by Governor Scranton.
Candidate Rooney, running for
federal office, made t h e state
sales tax (the nation's highest) a
central issue. It worked.
Rooney's election was guaran
teed by scores of high-paid labor,
"strategists" who poured into his
district from points east and west.
COPE (Committee on Political
Education) agents traveled from
as far away as California to aid
Rooney.
On election day there were as
many as 40 paid unionists in each
precinct getting out the vote, even
registering voters. Democrats
were able to register voters until
12 noon on election day.
California voters wil witness a
real Dnnnybrook in next spring's
Republican presidential primary
if two old enemies have their
way.
Former Sen. William Knowland,
Mr. Conservative to his many fol
lowers, has long been on the outs
. with Sen. Thomas Kuchel, voice
. of GOP liberalism. Both agree on
By SYDNEY J. HARRIS
If you're going to do something
nice, be nice about it or don't
do it. This is a simple and ob
vious tlwught but it rarely
seems to occur to certain types
of people.
I am referring lo those who
will go out of their way to do
something nice a lavor, a
chore, an extra kindness and
then silently demand repayment
in terms of gratitude or appre
ciation. These arc what Dr. Edmund
Berglcr. the late psychiatrist,
called "the injustice collectors."
They go around in life collecting
injustices. Tliey do nice things to
prove to themselves that other
people do not appreciate them
as much as Uiey should.
Tlwn they sulk, or adopt a
martyred pose, or take to their
beds with some real or fancied
ailment. And, in one way or anoth
er, they exact a high retribution
for their "mceness." Finally, those
around them begin lo realize that
ft's not worth the price.
Many acts of generosity and
scll-saerilicc arc not at ali what
they seem to be on tlie surface.
Rather, they are techniques em
pkned for neurotic ends: these
"tyrants of goodness" would be
better oil and so would their
steps to warn their people of the
new Communist approach. The
National Association for the Ad
vancement of Colored People has
research men who study the
Daily Worker and the National
Guardian in order to keep abreast
of the twists and turns of Com
munist action.
Just recently, Dr. John Mor
sell. assistant to NAACP Exec
utive Secretary Roy Wilkins,
passed around a memorandum
to key personnel outlining the
latest Communist approach and
writing below it, "For your in
formationwhat they are up to
now."
Because of this resistance
among tlie national Negro leader
ship, the Communist Party U.S.A.
is now sending specialized Com
munists to attempt infiltration into
tlie local brandies of the Negro
civil rights organizations. It is at
tempting lo get its people in on
local demonstrations. It is putting
a major emphasis on new groups
led by young and inexperienced
leaders.
These Communists are "sleep
ers." They have been instructed
to keep their party sympathies
secret from tlic public and from
WASHINGTON REPORT . .
$250,000 Price Tag
Put On House Post
one thing, however. Golden Stale
Republicans must have an oppor
tunity to select tlieir favorite for
the GOP Presidential nomination.
Other GOP leaders, including
state Chairman Caspar Weinber
ger, think that a real primary
would wreck the party.
The California primary, com
ing as it docs only weeks before
the GOP convention, will have
tremendous impact on delegates
from every corner of the country.
Both Knowland and Kuchel ad
vocate an open, definitive pri
mary battle between the leading
GOP candidates. They mean Bar
rv Goldwater and Nelson Rocke
feller. Goldwatcr Republicans have
been fearful of their man's chance
in the California primary. Cali
fornia voters have iong supported
liberal Republicans Earl War
ren, Goodie Knight, Tom Kuchel.
They accepted Richard Nixon
over the more conservative Joe
Shell in last year's GOP Guber
natorial primary by 2-1.
Polls now show Goldwater run
ning far ahead of Rockefeller,
however. The California Field
poll, long accepted as an accur
ate barometer of state politics,
has Goldwatcr running almost 2-1
over Rocky.
Goldwatcr is the choice of 43
per cent of GOP voters contacted
by Field. Rockefeller rates only 23
per cent. Michigan's Gov. George
Romncy racks up 16 per cent and
Pennsylvania's Gov. Bill Scranton
two per cent. Sixteen per cent of
the voters have yet to make up
tlieir minds.
Field shows that anti-Rockefeller
feeling is strong. While a ma
jority accept Goldwater as a sec
ond choice, the reverse is not Uue.
Just three Republicans out of 10
who support Goldwater as their
first choice select Rocky as their
second. Romncy has more sec
ond choice support among Gold
water followers than docs Rockefeller.
STRICTLY
PERSONAL
families if they acted a little
more selfishly (that is, a little
more naturally much of the
time.
Self-pity is the "lietmotif" in tlic
lives of such personalities. They
enjoy demonstrating, over and
over again, that others do not
appreciate them, that they are
victims of the world's injustice,
that the bread they cast on the
waters is never served up to
them as toast on a tray in bed
on Sunday mornings.
What they utterly fail to under
stand is that nice things arc done
(or our own sake, not for the
sake of others. The pleasure must
reside in the performance, not in
tlic applause. Good deeds are,
in a deeper psychological sense,
a favor to oneself. If this is not
grasped, then our whole sense
of personal relationships becomes
warped. ,
A kind act. a piece of generosi
ty or sclfsacrilicc. must be ils
own reason for being, an end in
itself, not part of a barter sys
tem. It must not be used later
to reprove someone else with,
or as a lever to pry up ancient
grievances under a rock. Vet Uns
is what tlie scll sacrificers tend to
do
They pile up tlieir good deeds
like misers stuffing bills in a mat-
tlie Negroes they arc volunteer
ing to work with. These infiltra
tors have been instructed not to
take overly prominent roles in
civil rights demonstrations, nor
to openly push for violence, for
fear they'll be investigated and
their Communist identity become
known.
"""TV,
1 . J J
Gus Halt
The
mm m
rS i , USA
IN WASHINGTON
Public
By RALPH dc TOl.EDANO
Pierre Salinger, the President's
press secretary, has shown no
shyness whatsoever in informing
the While House press corps that
mail on tlic test ban treaty with
the Soviet Union is running 12-lo-l
in favor. This may well be.
though it could be predicted that
the pro-mail would ro to the
White House, the anti-mail to the
Senate.
That there is any mail at all
against the treaty is surprising,
but not because there is little op
position. There has been no anti
treaty leadership yet visible and
no anti-treaty formulation present
ed. Most of the mass media com
ment has been favorable without
quite saying so. Many peuple.
moreover, are confused by the
manner in which the treaty is
being presented by the Adminis
tration to the public. The sales
pitch simultaneously follows two
lines:
1. The treaty really is meaning
less and will change very little
if anything. Tlie United States
wasn't testing in space, the at-
trcss: hoard them, count them
over at night, and recite their
complaints. Eventually, with this
hoard they try to purchase af
fection and admiration and grati
tude but it does not work that
way. The injustice collectors only
collect injustices.
There arc many people who
should try to be a little better;
but there are almost as many
who should stop trying to be bet
ter than they can be. It their
hidden feelings (hidden to tliem
sckes. if not lo others' do not
correspond to their generous acts,
there can be nothing but bitter
Irint in Hie end, for tliemschcs
and for tliose they are so "nice''
to.
This grass roots attempt to in
filtrate the civil rights movement
is currently, at least, one of tlie
major activities oi the Commu
nist Parly U.S.A. It is part of
a long-standing Communist aim of
winning over Negroes. In the past
the party has been singularly un
successful with the southern Ne
gro. Reports by tlie Justice De
partment have consistently shown
membership in the South to be
slight.
It is too early to tell how suc
cessful the Communists will be
in their current drive. Reports in
dicate that so far the number of
these secret Communists w li o
have participated in most south
ern demonstrations have been
quite small: usually, it's reported,
only a handful. Their appearance
has been spotty. There were some
Communists seen at Cambridge,
Xld., but not among tlic leader
ship. None are known to have '
been at Danville, V.A.
So far, it is also understood
that Communist infiltration in lo
cal branches of Negro civil rights
organizations has not been signif
icant. It has been reported that
the Reds are not known, as of
now, lo have secured important
national posts in any of the major
Rough Road to '64
Q
View On Treaty
musphcre, or underwater, any
how , and ' fur the time being I
neither were the Soviets. What,
then, do we lose'.'
2. The treaty is historic and of
tremendous importance as a
"first step" toward an under
standing with the Soviets. It will
"reduce tensions" and may lead
10 an end to tile cold war.
Many Americans can be lost
in the morass of scientific con
troversy and military inhibition
as the meaning of the treaty is
debated. It is the second point
that must clearly worries people
and may be the cause of votes
against the treaty by some Sena
tors. For if it leads to a non
aggression pact, as the Adminis
tration rooms tn hope, the Ameri
can people will he up ill arms.
One of the letters ofiered to the
press by Mr. Salinger for its in
spection points this up:
"If a noil-aggression pact is
signed with Russia. I guarantee
that I'll vote straight Republican
in every election even if tliey
run the biggest crooks in town."
Other letters in opposition urge
that tlic United States demand
a the price of any treaties with
the Kremlin a withdrawal of So
viet troops from Cuba land the
laptivc nations' and the tearing
down of the Berlin wall. Such a
quid pro quo would satisfy the
nation's horse-trading instincts.
Without it, oilier thoughts come
11 mind.
For years. Americans have
been repeatedly told that they
must keep their ciurd up. that
the NATO. CENTO, and SEATO
system of alliances must be main
tained at all costs, that under his
Omar-thctcnlmaker suit Nikita
Khrushchev carries an arsenal
of hidden weapons, that the Reds
arc most dangerous when Ihey
are conciliatory.
These admonitions have sunk
in and now the Administration
wishes lo delete them from the
Negro civil rights organizations.
Attorney General Robert Ken
nedy has said tha', based on all
available information from the
FBI and other sources, "We have
no evidence thist any of the top
leaders of the major civil rights
groups are Communists or Communist-controlled."
Since the Communist infiltrators
arc "sleepers," it is not certain
whether tliey may have, unknown
to the Negro civil righters, crept
into lesser roles.
The Communist technique is to
bide time, build up contacts,
friendships and associations for
the future. Though the orders are
that communism isn't to be men
tioned, at this lime, tlie infiltra
tors do have these instructions:
"To patiently and persistently
point out that anti-Negro racism
is the ideology of the ruling class.
This is the primary task.
"To combat ideologically re
formist tendencies to limit the
movement to merely court ac
tion, or other tendencies which
resist mass actions."
The Communist infiltrators have
been instructed to ignore what the
Communist party leadership calls
"Red-baiting" by the Negro lead-
; - - w.
nation's consciousness and to sub
stitute what key legislators on
bolh sides of the aisle in Con
gress believe is the entering
wedge for a non-aggression
Ircaty.
Such a Ircaty. they argue, will
bring about a slackening of vigi
lance and cause to bubble up sub
merged antagonisms which can
destroy the structure of our mil
itary alliances. Once ratified, a
non-aggression pact will lead to
the obvious propagandists ques
tion: Why do we need these mili
tary alliances if the Soviets have
renounced war in a solemn trea
ty? This is the basic source of
worm among serious and dedi
cated men. Tlicy see i isinq on the
horizon another period like the
wartime "honeymoon" with Stalin-terminated
alter he had taken
us for Sll billion in what we
t"imed Lcnd-Leasc. 'Some of
that money, if repaid, would go
lar lo help our critical balance
of payments deficit and the dan
gerous drain on U.S. gold.)
This is also the reason why
these men hope that there is a
real outpouring of mail critical
of the test ban treaty letters to
Senators and newspapers. The
mail will stilfen the backs of
sonic of the Senate leadership
who wish to take a stronger stand
against the treaty but fear it
will hurt their party without ac
complishing anything.
As of this writing, few believe
thai President Kennedy will not
get Senate ratification for the
treaty. But if tiic vole should be
close, it will be a warning that
a non-aggression (,d(l W()u(j sami
no chance. The idea would then
lie dropped by tlie White House.
Nothing, after a!!, could more
certainly put a quick end to the
imlitical career of the Kennedys
than the rejection of a treaty
signed by the President's surro
gate in plain view of the world.