PACK
HERALD AND SEWS, Klamath Falll. Oregon
Thursday. August I, 1903
WASHINGTON REPORT
The General Lends a Hand
Former Commie Gets
Pink Slip From King
The
The year 1924 was an interesting one in
politics. This was the year when the Demo
crats gathered in New York where they were
deadlocked for days and days. Finally, they
came up with the nomination of John W. Dav
ies of New York. He was defeated at the polls
by a two to one margin by Calvin Coolidge.
Those were the days, too, after World
War I when the nation was getting back on
its feet, economically, and there was resent
ment over prohibition, Woodrow Wilson's
League of Nations. The Democrats, general
ly, were in the doghouse but good.
Thoughts went back to those days when
someone dug up a copy of the World Almanac
for 1926. Page 877 showed four paragraphs
taken from the platform adopted by the Dem
ocrats at the 1924 convention. We're repeating
them:
The Rights of the States
An
(Milwaukee Journal)
Just before resigning as United States com
missioner of education last July, Dr. Sterling
McMurrin lobbed a well aimed volley at the
confusion, bureaucracy and lack of congres
sional support he encountered in 16 months
in office.
Now the attack has been taken up bv
Representative Edith Green (Dem., Ore),
chairman of a house education subcommittee.
In a staff report just released she com
plains of "inconsistencies and even contradic
tions" that have arisen because federal ed
ucation programs are scattered through so
many agencies and legislation is channeled
through so many congressional committees.
On scientific research grants, for ex
ample, "there is no uniformity even within a
single agency in such administrative details
as record keeping and progress reports. There
is no government-wide policy on how much the
government will pay to cover indirect costs
associated with the research."
Some agencies require matching funds
with their university construction grants;
7m
By HOLMES ALEXANDER.
WASHINGTON, D.C. - As. a
matter of courtesy, and maybe ot
strategy, the home team in base
ball always bats last. Something
like this is happening as the
Civil Rights Act ot 1M3 plays
out its schedule before various
committees of Senate and House.
The visiting team to Capitol
HilU which is to say the demon
strators, the reformers, the moral
ists and their Administration
spokosmen, got first at bat. They
have scored freely in the early
innings with almost unlimited
publicity and a good deal of pub
lic acceptance. The bare proposi
tion that everybody deserves a
fair shake, regardless of race,
scored a clean hit. By squeeze
plays, sacrifice hits, stolen bases
and hit-and-run errors, the speci
fic propositions have advanced:
the right to vote, to be accommo
dated In lodgings, to get an edu
cation and to get a job.
But It now becomes noticeable
that some of these truisms are
being matched by verities from
the home team which Is to say,
the possessors of legal knowledge
and experience who are the nat
ural defenders of the houses of
legislation.
Sen. Sam Ervin. former asso
, ciato justice of the North Caro
lina Supreme Court, and a book
worm on Constitutional Law, has
never defended racial injustice
or racial inequality. But Ervin
contends that there are plenty of
lows on the books to enforce tliem.
He's against making "end runs"
around the Constitution in order
to hurry up history. He lec
tured the Attorney General for
trying to rig the slate election
laws in "a cynical attempt to
camoufUigc e failure" to win cas
es. Ervin argues with force, and
not without loquacity, that it is
anarchy to sacrifice "the liberty
of all Americans ... for the
false equality of a few."
Sen. Frank Lauschc, formerly
a Municipal and Common Pleas
judge, attacked the Administra
tion's claim that compulsory laws
for accommodation and employ
ment will necessarily attract in
dustry and increase jobs. The
Ohio Senator gave Labor Secre
tary Wirtz a bad time on some
labor statistics. It seems that
Midwestern states with liberal
laws, and somewhat hypocritical
customs, Iiava been losing Indus
Democrats In
Educational Mess
others do not. Some agencies, in their stu
dent aid programs, make provision for fees
and tuition; others do not.
Mrs. Green suggests creation of an inter
agency council in the executive branch to do
the job. Actually, a vehicle of such coordin
ation already exists in the office of education,
which, according to the government organi
zation manual, is "the principal agency of the
federal government responsible for formu
lating educational policy and coordinating
educational activities at the national level."
This stated function has little relation to re
ality, however. Thanks largely to congress
ional jealousy and an alleged fear of spawn
ing some kind of domineering educational
monstrosity, legislators have effectively ham
strung the office so that it is more a weak
service organization than an instrument for
coordination and leadership.
With some 42 federal agencies dispen
sing more than $2 billion a year to aid this
country's educational system, it is high time
for more unity and coherence in the program.
HOLMES ALEXANDER . .
Home Team At Bat
try, whereas Southern stales, with
restrictive laws and admittedly
restrictive customs, are gaining.
Lausche aid:
"I have before me a study
made by a conference of econo
mists of the Midwest. It covers
Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Iowa,
Michigan, Wisconsin and Minne
sota . . . each one of these stales
has lost in gross national prod
uct since 1853. . . . Tell me, why
is Ohio losing . . . and why are
Florida and Georgia and Alaba
ma gaining?"
Wlrtj agreed that oilier fac
tors than civil rights must be at
play. Then Lausche hooked him
on another point. There is noth
ing in tlic Administration's pack
age which allows a worker, de
nied union membership because
of color, to call upon the Attor
ney General to bring suit, as the
Civil Rights Act would provide
in oilier cases of discrimination.
"Why wasn't that included?"
Lausche demanded of the Labor
Secretary. "(The amission) has,
on its face, implications that the
little individual was to he cov
ered, but the powerful and the
mighty were not."
"What day! tvtn
BERRY'S WORLD
i -
1924
"We demand that the States of the Union
shall be preserved in all their vigor and power.
They constitute a bulwark against the cen
tralizing and destructive tendencies of the
Republican party.
"We condemn the efforts of the Republi
can party to nationalize the functions and
duties of the States.
"We oppose the extension of bureauc
racy, the creation of unnecessary bureaus and
Federal agencies and the multiplication of of
fices and officeholders.
"We demand a revival of the spirit of
local self-government essential to the preser
vation of the free institutions of our Repub
lic." Somewhere along the line this platform
must have been given a super-dupcr classified
stamp and buried in the most remote corner of
the classified information storerooms.
Another home team, or law
yer's, inning is played out in an
analysis of the Civil Rights pack
age by a past president of the
American Bar and Mississippi
Bur Associations, John C. Satter
ficld. He says that the enact
ment would extend control over
business, industry, citizens and
states in a degree to exceed "all
decisions of the Supreme Court
and all Acts of Congress from
1787 to Juno 19, 1963."
Satterficld finds that laws gov
erning over 100 federal financing
agencies would be amended by
the Civil Rights Act. His list
begins with the Federal Reserve
System, the Federal Home Loan
System, banks and other institu
tions served by the Federal De
posit Insurance Corporation and
virtually all the agricultural loan
agencies. Says Satterficld:
"When future generations look
back through the eyes of history
at this legislation, they will rec
ognize ten per cent 'civil rights'
and ninety per cent extension of
raw federal power."
Of course, tlie ball came isn't
over yet. But the home team,
slugging with statistics and inter
pretations not heard in the begin
ning, is making a contest of it.
my ytt-mtn tail 'no'!"
IN WASHINGTON .
Test
By RALPH de TOLEDANO
When the test ban treaty Is
mentioned at the Pentagon, fixed
smiles automatically appear on
the faces of the top military men.
They are just about as unhappy
as they can be about it. But
the President has made it clear
that he will brook no opposition.
So far, the Joint Chiefs of Staff
have not been given the order
direct to say they approve of the
treaty. But the White House has
told them in no uncertain termB
to say that they "accept" It.
On Capitol Hill, there has been
much scurrying about in the up
per senatorial echelons as Re
publicans and some Democrats
seek a formula which will per
mit them to speak their minds
truthfully on the treaty without
courting trouble at the polls. At
every turn, there are wild hopes
that Chairman Richard Russell of
the Senate Armed Services Com
mittee, one of tlie most highly
respected members of the upper
house, will lead an effective oppo
sition. But no one really believes
that he will.
Along Embassy Row. the pass
word is "watch and wait." but
there is almost no hope that one-third-plus-one
of the Senate will
cast votes against the test ban
treaty. Their governments, in
some cases, support the Kennedy-Khrushchev
love feast and
diplomats must always seem to
By SYDNEY J. HARRIS
I remember a little street cafe
in the Piazza della Republica in
Florence, where 1 was sipping a
vermouth late one altcrnoon. and
listening to an argument at the
table next to mine.'
A small bird-like man with an
intense face was trying to con
vince his companion that the
coalition government in Italy was
too incompetent to last but what
fascinated me was not so much
tlie logic of his argument (which
1 could barely follow) as the
eloquence of his hands.
Never before or since have 1
seen such artistry. His hands
were as magnificently attuned to
his speech as a conductor's to a
symphony. He had a vast reper
toire of gestures, an almost end
less variation of waves, points,
tremors, taps and clenches.
Many times since, I have
thought of this verbal virtuoso,
and have contrasted him with
conversationalists in the cold
er Ango-Saxon countries. It seems
to me that we lose a lot, in
charm and gusto, by being
ashamed to use our hands as
an accompaniment to speech.
The body, alter all. is a unit:
the mind and tongue cannot work
independently ol tlie whole or
ganism. Intellectual passion in
creases the heartbeat; arguments
raise the blond pressure: deep
convictions brighten the eye and
harden tlie jaw.
Our restraint is not natural to
the human animal: it is conven
tionally impost-.!. Hut beneath the
soil tone ami the motionless arms
1I3
Ban Pact Jitters
be disengaged. But private com
ments are hardly diplomatic.
The general concern is not in
the treaty Itself, although they
can make a case against It, but
in what it Implies, what impres
sion it will make behind the Iron
Curtain and among the neutral
ist nations, and where it is lead
ing the United States.
The scientists and tlie military
will offer technical arguments on
the possibility of a test ban
with genuine safeguards If they
are permitted to do so by the
Administration and by the chair
man nf the Interested Senate com
mittees. But In the overall picture,
this may be secondary. The fact
that the United States lias strolled
into (he garden with the Soviet
Union will cause some bitterness
among our allies who have been
told by us to stand strong against
the Kremlin.
These allies, and the neutralists
as well, will now argue that the
U.S. has thrown them to the
wolves in favor of a partnership
with the Soviets. The Iron Cur
lain countries, already embittered
by President Kennedy's increas
ing reluctance to honor Captive
Nations Week, will be convinced
that their aspirations for libera
tion have been jettisoned by the
Administration. Henceforth, they
will assume that we no longer
care about them.
Undersecretary W. Avcrell Har-
STRICTLY
PERSONAL
there often chum much heat and
scorn and indignation, which
smolder sullenly until bursting
into hate. It is no accident that
the quiet and seemingly controlled
person is often, ultimately, the
most violent.
It is common to see Italians, or
other Latins, argue so intensely
that you are sure they are going
to exchange blows in a minute.
They rarely do; the tension is
broken by a laugh, and they
walk off arm in arm. It is a
kind of psychological game,
played within strict rules, and
the players almost never violate
the unspoken code, which is: hit
with your words, not with your
fists.
Where this kind of conversa
tional release is not obtained,
and where the culture frowns on
great emotional expressiveness.
ieople are more sensitive in argu
ment. When you attack an Ameri
can's ideas, he feels you are at
tacking him personally, and is
filled with resentment. He cannot
stand, or understand, a heated
controversy that may be personal
in expression but is quite ab
stract and objective in nature.
This may explain why, unfortu
nately, so much of our social
conversation is polite and vap
id: we are alraid of starting a
verbal fight, for we don't have
the kind of formalized and built
in controls to prevent it from
degenerating into a physical fight.
A man who is busy talking with
his hands has neither the energy
nor tlie incentive for hitting with
them.
"i t :, ,.-.r.
i ' Y .::. -.."' 5
v.
1
riman has implied in so many
words that to think in terms of
the eventual overthrow of Com
munist tyranny in East Europe is
impractical, that we must recon
cile ourselves to perpetual Soviet
hegemony over the captive na
tions. With this, he has deprived
the free world of a formidable
ally in the persons of the people
of the captive nations. For them,
there is no longer any hope, or
any good reason for struggling
against the Communist tyrants.
Far more dangerous to the sys
tem of alliances created by Pres
idents Truman and Eisenhower is
Secretary of State Dean Rusk's
hint that the United States, Bri
tain, and I he Soviet Union might
negotiate a non-aggression pact.
For those of us who remember
the Kremlin's idea of "non-aggression"
and how it dishonored
similar treaties with the Baltic
States I invaded and absorbed,
their populations massed-shipped
to Siberia) or Adolf Hitler's
World War II the term sends
shivers up and down the spine.
But even if the Kremlin is
ready to honor its own word, any
"non-aggression" treaty means
that the United States must prom
ise to sit idly by while Soviet
expansionism, now at mid-tide in
Cuba, sweeps over the rest of
Latin America. Once Comrade
Khrushchev has our signatures on
a "non-aggression" pact, he will
wave the scrap of paper under
our noses every time we seem
about to come to the defense of
freedom in Asia, Africa, or the
Western Hemisphere.
"Naughty, naughty," he will
say, you are not singing our
song." And the international law
yers at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue
will solemnly warn us that any
move on our part would be in
violation of the treaty. Meanwhile,
our atomic installations having
slowed down to a talk, as they
must and as a sign of "good
faith," would complain that they
were no longer ready.
"Belter Red than dead," says
Britain's Lord Russell. The new
line in Washington seems to be
"Better wrong than strong."
Al
manac
Bv I nitod Press International
Today is Thursday, Aug. 8, the
220th day of 1963 with 145 to fol
low. The moon is approaching its
last phase.
The morning stars are Jupiter
and Saturn.
The evening stars aie Mars and
Saturn.
On this day in history:
In 19iO, the German Luftwaffe
began a scries nf daytime raids
on (lie British Isles which were
to continue until Oct. 31.
In 1943, President Harry Tru
man signed the ratification of the
United Nations Charter.
Also in 1!M5, the Soviet I'mon
declared war on Japan.
In 1'.130, Florence Cl.adwkk of
San Diego, Calif., set a women's
record in swimming the English
Channel.
A thought for the day Ameri
can author Edgar Allan Poe said:
"All that we see 'or seem is but
a dream within a dream."
By KILTON LEtt'lS JR.
The Rev. MarUn Luther King
has given the pink slip to a top
ranking aide exposed as a former
member of the National Commit
tee of the Communist Party.
He is Jack O'Dell, a 40 - year
old Negro whose real name is
Hunter Pitts O'Dell. Until the
early fall of 1962. O'Dell served
as a Staff Consultant to King's
national organization, the South
ern Christian Leadership Confer
ence. O'Dell was then promoted
to Acting Staff Director in charge
of voter registration and inte
gration workshops.
Several weeks after O'Dell as
sumed that post, his background
was revealed by several newspa
pers. The St. Louis Globe-Democrat,
the Birmingham News, and
the Atlanta Constitution disclosed
that O'Dell was a member of
the Communist Party's National
Committee.
O'Dell had been expelled from
the National Maritime Union in
1930 for circulation of a pro-Soviet
petition attacking the United
Slates. On April 12, 1956, identify
ing himself as Hunter Pitts
O'Dell, he testified before the
Senate Internal Security Subcom
mittee, invoking the Fifth Amend
ment when asked if he was a
Southern district organizer for
the Communist Party.
Subcommittee counsel Robert
Morris then revealed that in
formation in his possession
showed O'Dell to be one of tlie
prime Communist operatives in
New Orleans. Using two aliases
Ben Jones and John Veseyi,
O'Dell served as a district orga
nizer for the Party, issuing "di
rectives to the i Communist ) pro
fessional group" in that city.
Hundreds of documents seized
at O'DclPs home by New Orleans
police also established his posi
tion in the Communist movement.
On July 30. 1958, again as Hun
ter Pitts O'Dell, he appeared be
fore the House UnAmerican Ac
tivities Committee. Identifying
himself as a Montgomery, Ala.,
Oregon Editors
Opinions
Treaty Mystery
(Corvallis Gazelle-Times)
President Eisenhower olfered a
test-ban treaty to Soviet Premier
Khrushchev April 13, 1959. that
would prohibit tests that did not
require automatic on-site inspec
tion, which had created the ma
, jor stumbling block to negoti
ations at that time.
President Kennedy offered a
test-ban treaty on Aug. 27, 1962,
that also bypassed the contro
versial underground tests and con
centrated on those in the atmos
phere, to eliminate the danger to
the world from further fallout.
Before that, and for the past 17
years, the United States had
made persistent efforts to prevent
the proliferation of nuclear pow
er with various treaties that
would prohibit testing, but to no
avail.
Now a treaty has been reached
in exactly ten sittings in a confer
ence in Moscow opened by a jo
vial Khrushchev and concluded
by a smiling Foreign Minister 'An
drei A. Gromyko, whose grim
visage when he was his country's
chief delegate to the United Na
tions still haunts American televi
sion viewers.
This complete turnabout is cred
ited by some observers to the dis
covery by tlie Soviet Union lead
ers that their real enemies are
tlie Communist Chinese, rather
Teaching
(Oregon Statesman)
In late years courses in educa
tion liave come under severe criti
cism. More emphasis should be
put on content of courses rather
than on teaching methods. Teach
er preparation should embrace
more "solids" in the field of learn
ing. Colleges of education have
veered to conform to tlie winds
of change and are increasing
course requirements in liberal
arts, reducing the requirements
in methods.
As a matter of fact, however,
much of the current research is
in developing new teaching meth
ods. Tliere is the teaching ma
chine, for instance, which calls
for quite a different approach to
learning and hence to teaching.
Audiovisual equipment is coming
into use the teacher must know
how to o)crate projectors, slide
changers, tape recorders. More
than that, he should understand
the basic psychology involved in
use of this method for imparting
learning. Machine teaching itself
calls (or preparation. To
enable presently employed teach
ers to "catch up" with tre ma
chines, Oregon College of Educa
tion is holding a two-week work
shop where the devices and their
u.-e will b demonstrated.
Much of the old normal school
curriculum is superfluous now;
but we shouldn't discount tech
insurance man, O'Dell refused to
answer questions about his Com
munist activities, citing the First
and Fifth amendments.
Embarrassed by disclosure of
O'Dell's background, King fired
his controversial aide last fall,
lie told reporters.
A few months later, O'Dell was
very much in evidence as direc
tor of King's New York office lo
cated at 312 W. 125 Street, Man
hattan. When my associate, Bill Schulz,
contacted King's New York of
fice, he was told by the recep
tionist that O'Dell no longer
worked there.
Miss Ruth Bailey, secretary of
the office, then took over to say
she could say nothing: "No com
ment. Call Dr. King in Atlanta."
Dr. King was not in. Mr. Schulz
talked to Edward Clayton, King's
public relations director, who ex
plained first that O'Dell had been
rehired seven months ago be
cause he was found to be a dedi
cated Christian.
He quoted Dr. King: "After
what we considered a thorough
and good faith investigation we
concluded that Mr. O'Dell had
no present connection with the
Communist Party, nor any sym
pathy with its philosophy.
"While he may have had some
connections in the past, we were
convinced that he had renounced
l hem and had become committed
to the Christian Philosophy of non
violence in dealing with Ameri
ca's social injustices."
On June 26. O'Dell and Dr.
King had another meeting. They
both agreed that "segregationists
and race baiters" could cite
O'Dell's "alleged" background
and smear the Southern Christian
Leadership Conference.
So O'Dell left Dr. King's em;
ploy for the second time. The"
whole episode. Dr. King insists,
is a red herring. He says: "This
issue of Mr. O'Dell's is only an
other attempt to forestall and
hamper the true essence of to
day's civil rights struggle."
than the United Stales and Its
allies, and a desire for eliminat
ing pressures from tlie West in
order to be free to deal with
those from the East.
So much so, that the air is
filled with talk of a summit meet
ing at which other differences be
tween East and West can be
worked out, and a live and let
live way of life be established
between the two great power
complexes, tlie North Atlantic
Treaty Alliance and the Warsaw
Pact of Communist nations.
If such a non-aggressive pact
freezes the present status quo of
Eastern Europe's people, who are
captives of communism, it will be
too great a price to pay for a
peace I hat at best depends on tlie
whim of the men who rule the
Kremlin.
The United States and its al
lies arc dealing from strength.
The great rift between the So
viet and China is ours to exploit.
Also, the military, political and
economic power of NATO is so
superior, that it should be possible
to exact promises of relaxation
of the chains binding Eastern
Europe so thai those people even
tually can choose their own fu
ture. That would do more than
anything else to reverse the
march of communism and destroy
its dream of world conquest.
Methods
niques and methods too severely.
During the war the Army was
able to s p e e d up instruction
through its unique methods. To
be able to impart knowledge and
to stimulate learning with use of
new tools, teachers must spend
considerable time learning
how to use them.
This is no substitute for acquir
ing ample knowledge of subject
matter to be taught; it claims an
important part in the preparation
of teachers of the present and
fulure.
THEY '
SAY...
I wasn't in favor of it. I don't
like to sec people memorialized
while they are still alive. I might
go shoot someone and they would
have to take it down.
Harry S. Truman, referring
to statue of him erected in Ath
ens. A homage to the august and
sacred personage of the Pope and
the generosity of the Holy Catho
lic Church.
Decree Issued by Spanish dic
tator Franco freeing all political
prisoners who have been in jail
l least 20 ynv